CN106111914B - The casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting - Google Patents
The casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106111914B CN106111914B CN201610613184.8A CN201610613184A CN106111914B CN 106111914 B CN106111914 B CN 106111914B CN 201610613184 A CN201610613184 A CN 201610613184A CN 106111914 B CN106111914 B CN 106111914B
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- metal
- upper bearing
- casting
- core
- pouring
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/108—Installation of cores
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of casting methods of upper bearing (metal), using pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system, include the following steps：（1）According to the specification of upper bearing (metal), corresponding mold is chosen；（2）Prepare sand core；（3）Melting；（4）It breeds and pours into a mould；（5）It unpacks and obtains upper bearing (metal) semi-finished product, and carry out performance measurement；（6）Surface treatment；（7）Packaging and storage after castings examination qualification.A kind of casting method of upper bearing (metal) of the present invention, it is easy to operate, it is easy to implement, it uses pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system, by the control of the technological parameters such as coremaking, smelting and pouring, the defects of effectively reducing casting, yield rate is improved, solves the problems, such as that upper bearing (metal) class cast casting difficulty is big.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bearing casting technology field, more particularly to a kind of casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting.
Background technology
Upper bearing (metal) is the vital part of link-type freezer compressor, is the axis that directly supports during compressor operation, protects
Operating steadily for compressor is demonstrate,proved.
Upper bearing (metal) class casting be usually substance in 0.5kg hereinafter, thin-walled gray iron smallclothes of the modulus below 0.4, due to weight
Amount is light, and wall thickness is thin, and Foundry Production difficulty is larger.
Invention content
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of casting methods of upper bearing (metal) class casting, can solve existing
Upper bearing (metal) casting because light-weight, thickness it is thin existing for casting difficulty it is big the problem of.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is：A kind of upper bearing (metal) class casting is provided
Casting method using pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system, includes the following steps：
（1）According to the specification of upper bearing (metal) casting, corresponding mold is chosen；
（2）Prepare sand core：In ferrosteel sandbox, using precoated sand as sand core raw material, core shooter and step are utilized（1）In
The mold sand core of selection, wherein, the sand core includes bottom cover core, intermediate core and gate core, then by the bottom cover core, intermediate core
It is assembled with gate core；
（3）Melting：It weighs upper bearing (metal) casting feedstock and is placed in middle frequency furnace and be smelted into molten iron, and at 1500~1550 DEG C
It comes out of the stove；
（4）It breeds and pours into a mould：By step（3）Molten iron current-following inoculation after middle melting, and controlled according to actual needs with stream
Then pregnant amount is poured into step（2）In in assembled sand mold；
（5）It unpacks and obtains upper bearing (metal) semi-finished product, and carry out performance measurement；
（6）Surface treatment：The surface of semi-finished of gained is subjected to Shot Blasting, then carries out polishing cleaning；
（7）Packaging and storage after castings examination qualification.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system is wrapped successively by molten iron flow direction
Sprue cup, total cross gate are included, distributes cross gate, sprue, thin slice ingate and exhaust duct.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sprue breaks for the choked flow of the pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system
Face, the areal calculation formula of the choked flow section are：
Wherein, it is choked flow ingate area in A, cm2；GLTo flow through the molten metal weight of ingate, kg；When t is cast
Between, s；hIn pFor effective hydrostatic head, cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step（2）In, the technological parameter of the coremaking is：Clamping pressure
0.5~0.7MPa, 0.25~0.45MPa of shooting pressure, 2~4s of shooting time, 240~280 DEG C of core box temperature, hardening time 60
~110s.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step（2）In, the sand core assembling method is：25 sand cores are
One group, the bottom-up core of assembled bottom successively, 10 intermediate cores, 3 gate cores, 10 intermediate cores and bottom core, the sand of the assembly
Core upper and lower surface is clamped respectively with clamping plate, and is fixed with 2 screw rods.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step（4）In, the current-following inoculation amount is 15~22g/10s；Institute
The technological parameter for stating cast is：14~18s/ of duration of pouring case, 1350~1400 DEG C of pouring temperature.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step（5）In, the unpacking technological parameter is：Shake-out Time
15~25min, unpack 500 DEG C of temperature below.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step（6）In, the performance parameter of the semi-finished product is：Tension is strong
Degree >=200MPa, hardness 150~230, pearlite >=15%, primary cementite≤1%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step（7）In, the technological parameter of the ball blast is：Bullet material
For shot, a diameter of 0.8~1.4mm；The ball blast time is 20~25min/ times.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting of the present invention, it is easy to operate, it is easily real
It is existing, pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system is used, by the control of the technological parameters such as coremaking, smelting and pouring, effectively reduces casting
The defects of part, improves yield rate, solves the problems, such as that upper bearing (metal) class cast casting difficulty is big.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system of the present invention；
The label of each component is as follows in attached drawing：1. total cross gate, 2. points of cross gates, 3. sprues, 4. fixed plates.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes：
Embodiment 1
Upper bearing (metal) is the vital part of link-type freezer compressor, is the axis that directly supports during compressor operation, protects
Operating steadily for compressor is demonstrate,proved.
Upper bearing (metal) class casting in the preparation, first according to the specification of upper bearing (metal), chooses corresponding mold, i.e. upper bearing (metal) class mould
Then tool carries out moulding by casting using pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system.
The advantages of pouring in vertically clamped moulds system, is facilitated using Gating and feeding system, and molten iron utilization rate is high, and molten iron head is controllable,
Once indivedual shell mould ruptures do not influence the casting of other cavities.
Pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system ensures important machined surface without casting due to can fully ensure that yield rate when metalling run out
Defect is made, belongs to " holding faultiness design ", in actual production with important value.
The pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system is according to molten iron flow direction, successively including sprue cup（It does not show）, total horizontal pour
Road 1 divides cross gate 2, sprue 3 and thin slice ingate（It does not show）.Wherein, each section account for system ratio and it acts as：
Sprue cup, accounting example are 1.3~1.8, and it acts as guiding molten iron, facilitate cast；
Total cross gate, accounting example are 1.2, and it acts as cast initial stage quick big flows to distribute molten iron to various；
Divide cross gate, accounting example is 1.1, and it acts as lead molten iron, preliminary pushing off the slag from total cross gate bottom；
Sprue, accounting example are 1, and it acts as control molten iron flow rates and flows, are rapidly filled with running gate system；
Thin slice ingate, accounting example are 2~3, and it acts as pushing off the slag, fill type balance, prevent from spraying；Wherein thin slice ingate
Size for 2mm, pushing off the slag effect is good, and the edge gate that flanging is 3mm can also be used.
For upper bearing (metal) class gray iron smallclothes, general cut-off stream running channel is as choked flow section, as closing-open cast system
System.The design of its choked flow section is calculated as according to hydrodynamics formula：
Wherein, it is choked flow ingate area in A, cm2；GLTo flow through the molten metal weight of ingate, kg；When t is cast
Between, s；hIn pFor effective hydrostatic head, cm.
It during calculating, in order to ensure the principle of " thin-wall part answers quick stamp ", is put into practice according to actual production, two is used in production
Choked flow section excellent effect again.Due to the difference of Hp, according to height, the casting ingate area of difference row is different.In addition,
It is considerable that intermediate row air flue is opened up in running gate system, when especially cavity modulus is more.In order to ensure not into molten iron, in
Between exhaust duct should suitably leave more than molten iron source 6mm.
It is as follows：
Prepare sand core：In ferrosteel sandbox, using precoated sand as sand core raw material, core shooter and the mold system chosen are utilized
Sand core, and carry out sand core assembly；The technological parameter of the coremaking is：0.5~0.7MPa of clamping pressure, shooting pressure 0.25~
0.45MPa, preferably 0.35MPa, 2~4s of shooting time, preferably 3s, 240~280 DEG C of core box temperature, hardening time 60~
110s；It should be molded in place during coremaking, notice that Fenhe River face fash is less than 0.3mm, a piece of paper inspection can be pressed from both sides；Plunger tip trace for -0.5~
0mm。
The sand core that above-mentioned amplification obtains answers shape complete, and no damaged and filling is bad, then modifies at die joint to 0.2mm
Below.Sand core includes bottom cover core, intermediate core and gate core；Wherein, the upper end of intermediate core is all open-minded；Its width and mold it is total
Cross gate is identical.
During preparation, total cross gate should prevent from blocking and penetrate sand channel, Sha Kou is penetrated in reduction downward；Simultaneously 1 is stayed between total cross gate
~2mm gaps；The road is clear when ensureing to penetrate sand as possible.
The assembling method of sand core is：25 sand cores are one group, the bottom-up core of assembled bottom successively, 10 intermediate cores, 3 pour
Mouth core, 10 intermediate cores and bottom core, the sand core upper and lower surface of the assembly are clamped, and fixed with 2 screw rods with clamping plate respectively.
Melting：It weighs to be placed in middle frequency furnace and is smelted into molten iron, and come out of the stove at 1500~1550 DEG C；Wherein, upper bearing (metal)
Raw material include following parts by weight of component：C 4.4~4.6%, Si 0.06~0.3%, Mn 0.4~0.9%, P≤0.1%, S≤
0.15%, remaining is iron.
It breeds and pours into a mould：By the molten iron current-following inoculation after above-mentioned melting, and control current-following inoculation amount exists according to actual needs
15~22g/10s, and breed and want continuous and stable, then by it with 14~18s/ of duration of pouring case, pouring temperature 1350~1400
DEG C condition be poured into assembled sand mold, be allowed to cool curing.
It unpacks：It unpacks after molten iron is cooled in the case below 500 DEG C, control Shake-out Time is unpacked within 15~25min
The air-cooled rear progress performance measurement of semi-finished product of acquisition, test result are：Tensile strength（σb）>=200MPa, hardness（HB）150~
230, pearlite >=15%, primary cementite≤1%.
Surface treatment：By shot 20~25min of Shot Blasting of a diameter of 0.8~1.4mm of the surface of semi-finished of gained,
Cast(ing) surface is made then to carry out polishing cleaning without scab and oxide skin；It is first polished during polishing with abrasive machine, then uses hand-held grinder
Accurate polishing, when polishing, should be at the uniform velocity.
It is as reasonable that casting after surface treatment meets following condition, can packaging and storage：There is no cold shut, shrinkage cavity and porosity,
Crackle, slag inclusion and misrun etc. influence the defects of cast properties；Die joint overlap and other cast(ing) surface boss are gone
It removes；The diameter of non-processing area's surface pitting is less than 1.5mm, and depth is less than or equal to 1mm；Packaging and storage after castings examination qualification.
The foregoing is merely the embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, every to utilize this hair
The equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift that bright specification and accompanying drawing content are made directly or indirectly is used in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting, which is characterized in that the substance of the upper bearing (metal) class casting 0.5kg with
Under, modulus, hereinafter, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system, includes the following steps 0.4：
（1）According to the specification of upper bearing (metal) casting, corresponding mold is chosen；
（2）Prepare sand core：In ferrosteel sandbox, using precoated sand as sand core raw material, core shooter and step are utilized（1）Middle selection
Mold sand core, wherein, the sand core includes bottom cover core, intermediate core and gate core, then by the bottom cover core, intermediate core
It is assembled with gate core；
（3）Melting：It weighs upper bearing (metal) casting feedstock and is placed in middle frequency furnace and be smelted into molten iron, and go out at 1500~1550 DEG C
Stove；
（4）It breeds and pours into a mould：By step（3）Molten iron current-following inoculation after middle melting, and current-following inoculation is controlled according to actual needs
Amount, is then poured into step（2）In in assembled sand mold；
（5）It unpacks and obtains upper bearing (metal) casting semi-finished product, and carry out performance measurement；
（6）Surface treatment：The surface of semi-finished of gained is subjected to ball blast and polishing cleaning, obtains casting finished products；The semi-finished product
Performance parameter be：Tensile strength >=200MPa, 150~230HB of hardness, pearlite >=15%, primary cementite≤1%；
The pouring in vertically clamped moulds shell mold stack-type system by molten iron flow direction successively include sprue cup, total cross gate, distribution cross gate,
Sprue, thin slice ingate and exhaust duct.
2. the casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sprue hangs down to be described
The choked flow section of straight cast shell mold stack-type system, the areal calculation formula of the choked flow section are：
Wherein, it is choked flow ingate area in A, cm2；GL is the molten metal weight for flowing through ingate, kg；T is the duration of pouring, s；
It is effective hydrostatic head in hp, cm.
3. the casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（2）In, coremaking
Technological parameter be：0 .5 of clamping pressure~0 .7MPa, 0 .25 of shooting pressure~0 .45MPa, 2~4s of shooting time, core box
240~280 DEG C of temperature, 60~110s of hardening time.
4. the casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（2）In, sand core
Assemble method is：25 sand cores are one group, bottom-up to assemble bottom core, 10 intermediate cores, 3 gate cores, 10 centres successively
Core and bottom core, the sand core upper and lower surface of assembling are clamped respectively with clamping plate, and are fixed with 2 screw rods.
5. the casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（4）In, it is described
Current-following inoculation amount is 15~22g/10s；The technological parameter of the cast is：14~18s/ of duration of pouring case, pouring temperature
1350~1400 DEG C.
6. the casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（5）In, it is described
Unpacking technological parameter is：15~25min of Shake-out Time, unpack 500 DEG C of temperature below.
7. the casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（6）In, it is described
The technological parameter of ball blast is：Bullet material is shot, the .4mm of a diameter of 0 .8~1；The ball blast time is 20~25min/ times.
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| CN201610613184.8A CN106111914B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | The casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting |
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| CN201610613184.8A CN106111914B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | The casting method of upper bearing (metal) class casting |
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| CN106111914B true CN106111914B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
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| CN108941463A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-07 | 西安合力汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of the pouring in vertically clamped moulds device and pouring in vertically clamped moulds technique of precoated sand product |
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| JPS5956943A (en) * | 1982-09-25 | 1984-04-02 | Masami Michihiro | Stack casting method using pipe |
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| JP2001129640A (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-05-15 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method of casting thin, flat article and cast article |
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| CN202105983U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-11 | 广西玉林市富源机械制造有限公司 | Core assembly mould for main bearing cover of diesel engine |
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2016
- 2016-07-29 CN CN201610613184.8A patent/CN106111914B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5956943A (en) * | 1982-09-25 | 1984-04-02 | Masami Michihiro | Stack casting method using pipe |
| JPH07227644A (en) * | 1994-02-21 | 1995-08-29 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Casting method |
| JP2001129640A (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-05-15 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method of casting thin, flat article and cast article |
| CN1733389A (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-02-15 | 孙兆宝 | Pouring method capable of improving utilization ratio of liquid steel for steel casting |
| CN202105983U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-11 | 广西玉林市富源机械制造有限公司 | Core assembly mould for main bearing cover of diesel engine |
| CN203380330U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-01-08 | 湖北泰达机械制造有限公司 | Overlapped pouring device for disc-type casting parts |
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