CN106110875A - The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method processes nitric acid production tail gas - Google Patents

The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method processes nitric acid production tail gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106110875A
CN106110875A CN201610496906.6A CN201610496906A CN106110875A CN 106110875 A CN106110875 A CN 106110875A CN 201610496906 A CN201610496906 A CN 201610496906A CN 106110875 A CN106110875 A CN 106110875A
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tail gas
incubator
nitric acid
technique
passed
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孙世全
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Tianjin City Po Moist Chemical Co Ltd
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Tianjin City Po Moist Chemical Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the technique that a kind of two-stage biological method processes nitric acid production tail gas, the step of technique includes: (1) tail gas cools down, and (2) one-level is carried out a biological disposal upon, and (3) two stage biological processes, (4) spray, (5) discharge.First tail gas is cooled to the temperature that microorganism is suitable for, the most first it is passed through nitrification incubator, ammonia is changed into nitrous acid by nitrobacteria, nitrous acid is changed into nitric acid by nitrite bacteria again, and during then tail gas is passed into denitrification incubator, conversion of nitrogen oxides is become harmless nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria, the tail gas formed is passed through spray chamber again, in alkalescence spray liquid and the harmful nitrogen oxide of tail gas, finally again passing by alkaline pipes and discharge, the final tail gas of triple guarantees is harmless to air.The microbial bacteria finally obtained may be used for biological study, kills two birds with one stone.

Description

The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method processes nitric acid production tail gas
Technical field
The present invention relates to nitric acid tail gas processing technology field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of two-stage biological method processes nitric acid The technique producing tail gas.
Background technology
Nitric acid is that one is important obtains industrial chemicals, and in all kinds of acid, yield is only second to sulphuric acid.Industrial nitric acid is according to HNO3Content How much it is divided into concentrated nitric acid (96% 98%) and dust technology (45% 70%).Dust technology is mostly used in manufacture ammonium nitrate, nitre Acid phosphate fertilizer and various nitrate.Concentrated nitric acid is main for national defense industry, is to produce trinitrotoluene (TNT), nitrocellulose, nitre Change the primary raw material of glycerol etc..The intermediate product liquor dinitrogen tetroxide producing nitric acid is the high energy of rocket, MISSILE LAUNCHING Fuel.Nitric acid is also widely used in organic synthesis industry；With nitric acid by benzene nitrification and through the prepared aniline of reduction, with nitric acid oxidation, benzene Phthalic acid can be manufactured, be used to DYE PRODUCTION.Additionally, the aspects such as pharmacy, plastics, non-ferrous metal metallurgy are required for using nitre Acid.
Ammonia, nitrogen oxides and atomization nitric acid all can be produced, if directly discharge can be to air during nitric acid production Producing the biggest pollution, existing industry standard does not the most allow the direct discharge of tail gas.The method of existing frequently-used treatment of nitric acid tail gas Having: chemical solvent absorption method, solid absorption method and catalytic reduction method, conventional method is chemical method, holds very much in processing procedure Being easily generated secondary pollution, if using bioanalysis to carry out treatment of nitric acid tail gas, inherently playing the effect killed two birds with one stone.
Summary of the invention
The technique that the purpose of the present invention processes nitric acid production tail gas for providing a kind of two-stage biological method, it is intended to utilize biology Nitric acid tail gas is processed by method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of two-stage biological method processes the technique of nitric acid production tail gas, comprises the following steps:
(1) tail gas cooling: the tail gas obtained is passed through cooling tank, and the temperature of cooling tank is maintained at 30-37 DEG C；
(2) one-level biological treatment: the cooled exhaust gas obtained in step (1) is passed through in nitrification incubator, nitrification incubator Temperature keeps 30-37 DEG C, and the process time is 12-24h, obtains one-level tail gas；
(3) two stage biological processes: be passed through in denitrification incubator by the one-level tail gas obtained in step (2), and denitrification is trained Supporting case temperature and keep 30-37 DEG C, the time of process is 12-24h, obtains two grades of tail gas；
(4) spray: being passed through in spray chamber by the two grades of tail gas obtained in step (3), the liquid of spray is the chlorine of 10-15% Changing calcium aqueous solution, the Stress control of spray chamber is 0.5-1 normal atmosphere, and the process time is 20-30min, obtains three grades of tails Gas；
(5) discharge: the three grades of tail gas obtained in step (4) are by the discharge of pipes equipped with calcium chloride.
Preferably, in described step (2) in nitrification incubator without nitrogen source.
Preferably, in described step (2), in nitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 107-108cfu/ml。
Preferably, in described step (3) in denitrification incubator without nitrogen source.
Preferably, in described step (3), in denitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 107-8×107cfu/ml。
Preferably, the long 1-5m of pipeline of chloride containing calcium in described step (5).
The present invention uses bioanalysis to process nitric acid tail gas, and first tail gas be cooled to the temperature that microorganism is suitable for, The most first being passed through nitrification incubator, ammonia is changed into nitrous acid by nitrobacteria, and nitrous acid is changed into nitre by nitrite bacteria again Acid, during then tail gas is passed into denitrification incubator, conversion of nitrogen oxides is become harmless nitrogen, the tail of formation by denitrifying bacteria Gas is passed through spray chamber again, in alkalescence spray liquid and the harmful nitrogen oxide of tail gas, finally again passes by alkaline pipes and discharges, triple Ensure that final tail gas is harmless to air.The microbial bacteria finally obtained may be used for biological study, kills two birds with one stone.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear and detailed description, it is clear that described enforcement Example is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common All other embodiments that technical staff is obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the model of present invention protection Enclose.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of two-stage biological method processes the technique of nitric acid production tail gas, comprises the following steps:
(1) tail gas cooling: the tail gas obtained is passed through cooling tank, and the temperature of cooling tank is maintained at 30 DEG C；
(2) one-level biological treatment: the cooled exhaust gas obtained in step (1) is passed through in nitrification incubator, nitrification incubator Temperature keeps 30 DEG C, and the process time is 24h, obtains one-level tail gas；
(3) two stage biological processes: be passed through in denitrification incubator by the one-level tail gas obtained in step (2), and denitrification is trained Supporting case temperature and keep 30 DEG C, the time of process is 24h, obtains two grades of tail gas；
(4) spray: being passed through in spray chamber by the two grades of tail gas obtained in step (3), the liquid of spray is the chlorination of 10% Calcium aqueous solution, the Stress control of spray chamber is 0.5 normal atmosphere, and the process time is 30min, obtains three grades of tail gas；
(5) discharge: the three grades of tail gas obtained in step (4) are by the discharge of pipes equipped with calcium chloride.
Without nitrogen source in nitrification incubator in described step (2).
In described step (2), in nitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 107cfu/ml。
Without nitrogen source in denitrification incubator in described step (3).
In described step (3), in denitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 107cfu/ml。
The long 5m of pipeline of chloride containing calcium in described step (5).
Embodiment 2:
A kind of two-stage biological method processes the technique of nitric acid production tail gas, comprises the following steps:
(1) tail gas cooling: the tail gas obtained is passed through cooling tank, and the temperature of cooling tank is maintained at 37 DEG C；
(2) one-level biological treatment: the cooled exhaust gas obtained in step (1) is passed through in nitrification incubator, nitrification incubator Temperature keeps 37 DEG C, and the process time is 12h, obtains one-level tail gas；
(3) two stage biological processes: be passed through in denitrification incubator by the one-level tail gas obtained in step (2), and denitrification is trained Supporting case temperature and keep 37 DEG C, the time of process is 12h, obtains two grades of tail gas；
(4) spray: being passed through in spray chamber by the two grades of tail gas obtained in step (3), the liquid of spray is the chlorination of 15% Calcium aqueous solution, the Stress control of spray chamber is 1 normal atmosphere, and the process time is 20min, obtains three grades of tail gas；
(5) discharge: the three grades of tail gas obtained in step (4) are by the discharge of pipes equipped with calcium chloride.
Without nitrogen source in nitrification incubator in described step (2).
In described step (2), in nitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 108cfu/ml。
Without nitrogen source in denitrification incubator in described step (3).
In described step (3), in denitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 8 × 107cfu/ml。
The long 1m of pipeline of chloride containing calcium in described step (5).
Embodiment 3:
A kind of two-stage biological method processes the technique of nitric acid production tail gas, comprises the following steps:
(1) tail gas cooling: the tail gas obtained is passed through cooling tank, and the temperature of cooling tank is maintained at 35 DEG C；
(2) one-level biological treatment: the cooled exhaust gas obtained in step (1) is passed through in nitrification incubator, nitrification incubator Temperature keeps 35 DEG C, and the process time is 18h, obtains one-level tail gas；
(3) two stage biological processes: be passed through in denitrification incubator by the one-level tail gas obtained in step (2), and denitrification is trained Supporting case temperature and keep 35 DEG C, the time of process is 18h, obtains two grades of tail gas；
(4) spray: being passed through in spray chamber by the two grades of tail gas obtained in step (3), the liquid of spray is the chlorination of 13% Calcium aqueous solution, the Stress control of spray chamber is 0.8 normal atmosphere, and the process time is 25min, obtains three grades of tail gas；
(5) discharge: the three grades of tail gas obtained in step (4) are by the discharge of pipes equipped with calcium chloride.
Without nitrogen source in nitrification incubator in described step (2).
In described step (2), in nitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 5 × 107cfu/ml。
Without nitrogen source in denitrification incubator in described step (3).
In described step (3), in denitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 4 × 107cfu/ml。
The long 3m of pipeline of chloride containing calcium in described step (5).
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention. Multiple amendment to these embodiments is apparent from for those skilled in the art, and as defined herein one As principle can realize in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention will Will not be intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty The widest scope.

Claims (6)

1. the technique that a two-stage biological method processes nitric acid production tail gas, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) tail gas cooling: the tail gas obtained is passed through cooling tank, and the temperature of cooling tank is maintained at 30-37 DEG C；
(2) one-level biological treatment: the cooled exhaust gas obtained in step (1) is passed through in nitrification incubator, nitrification incubator temperature Keeping 30-37 DEG C, the process time is 12-24h, obtains one-level tail gas；
(3) two stage biological processes: be passed through in denitrification incubator by the one-level tail gas obtained in step (2), denitrification incubator Temperature keeps 30-37 DEG C, and the time of process is 12-24h, obtains two grades of tail gas；
(4) spray: being passed through in spray chamber by the two grades of tail gas obtained in step (3), the liquid of spray is the calcium chloride of 10-15% Aqueous solution, the Stress control of spray chamber is 0.5-1 normal atmosphere, and the process time is 20-30min, obtains three grades of tail gas；
(5) discharge: the three grades of tail gas obtained in step (4) are by the discharge of pipes equipped with calcium chloride.
The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method the most as claimed in claim 1 processes nitric acid production tail gas, it is characterised in that: described step Suddenly in (2) in nitrification incubator without nitrogen source.
The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method the most as claimed in claim 2 processes nitric acid production tail gas, it is characterised in that: described step Suddenly in (2), in nitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 107-108cfu/ml。
The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method the most as claimed in claim 3 processes nitric acid production tail gas, it is characterised in that: described step Suddenly in (3) in denitrification incubator without nitrogen source.
The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method the most as claimed in claim 4 processes nitric acid production tail gas, it is characterised in that: described step Suddenly in (3), in denitrification incubator, bacterial concentration is 107-8×107cfu/ml。
The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method the most as claimed in claim 5 processes nitric acid production tail gas, it is characterised in that: described step Suddenly the long 1-5m of pipeline of chloride containing calcium in (5).
CN201610496906.6A 2016-06-27 2016-06-27 The technique that a kind of two-stage biological method processes nitric acid production tail gas Pending CN106110875A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107198954A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-09-26 浙江大学 It is a kind of to eliminate the method that combustion engine initial start stage chimney emits tobacco
CN107261842A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-20 浙江大学 It is a kind of to eliminate the device that combustion engine initial start stage chimney emits tobacco
CN108211699A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-29 江苏淮河化工有限公司 The processing method of mononitrotoluene nitrified tail gas
CN109876641A (en) * 2017-12-06 2019-06-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of processing method and processing device of the flue gas containing NOx
CN112915772A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-08 朗昆（北京）新环保科技有限公司 Nitrifying bacteria colony, biological filter bed, device and method for treating waste gas containing HCN

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107198954A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-09-26 浙江大学 It is a kind of to eliminate the method that combustion engine initial start stage chimney emits tobacco
CN107261842A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-20 浙江大学 It is a kind of to eliminate the device that combustion engine initial start stage chimney emits tobacco
CN107261842B (en) * 2017-06-30 2020-04-21 浙江大学 Device for eliminating yellow smoke emitted from chimney at initial starting stage of combustion engine
CN109876641A (en) * 2017-12-06 2019-06-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of processing method and processing device of the flue gas containing NOx
CN109876641B (en) * 2017-12-06 2021-10-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method and device for treating NOx-containing flue gas
CN108211699A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-29 江苏淮河化工有限公司 The processing method of mononitrotoluene nitrified tail gas
CN108211699B (en) * 2017-12-22 2021-09-21 江苏淮河化工有限公司 Method for treating mononitrotoluene nitration tail gas
CN112915772A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-08 朗昆（北京）新环保科技有限公司 Nitrifying bacteria colony, biological filter bed, device and method for treating waste gas containing HCN

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