CN106099960A - A kind of method of small power station group of planes composition distributed energy storage system - Google Patents
A kind of method of small power station group of planes composition distributed energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
-
- H02J3/382—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/50—Energy storage in industry with an added climate change mitigation effect
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of small power station group of planes composition distributed energy storage system.The method includes: obtain in an energy storage cycle T, total net load value P of the t period all small hydropower stationLj(t)；According to optimization aim, total net load value PLjThe plan load p of (t) and i-th small hydropower stationi(t), it is thus achieved that the actual load p of i-th small hydropower stationfci(t)；Actual load p according to i-th small hydropower stationfciT (), carries out optimum efficiency control to the pumped storage device of i-th small hydropower station, make described i-th small hydropower station according to actual load pfciT () is run at optimal efficiency, described pumped storage device is the hydraulic turbine and water pump or reversible turbine.The present invention is by the transformation to small hydropower station, and utilize energy management unit that it is managed collectively, make multiple small hydropower station collectively constitute can generate electricity and the large-scale energy-storage system of energy storage, solve operational efficiency and the utilization rate problem of small hydropower station, improve the regulating power of electrical network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to generation of electricity by new energy and technical field of electricity, more particularly, to a kind of small power station group of planes group composition
The method of cloth energy-storage system.
Background technology
Along with intelligent grid develops, regenerative resource permeability in electrical network increases year by year, and extensive renewable energy
The uncertainty exerted oneself in source proposes new challenge to the safety and economic operation of electrical network.Therefore, electrical network must be provided with certain capacity
Energy storage device, to ensure safe and stable operation and the peak-valley difference scheduling of electrical network, improves the digestion capability of regenerative resource simultaneously.State
Inside and outside ripe large-capacity power energy storage facility includes large pumped storage power plant, compressed-air energy storage and chemical energy storage.Wherein,
Although large pumped storage power plant can utilize the potential energy of water to carry out energy storage, so its construction must depend on extreme terrain, construction period
Long, and cost is high.
CN201110048421 discloses a kind of pumped-storage power generation device, and this pumped-storage power generation device includes lower water
Storehouse, upper storage reservoir and connect the pipeline of this upper storage reservoir and lower storage reservoir, be provided with Reversible Pump-Turbine on this pipeline, and this can
Inverse formula pump turbine has the first operating mode being drawn in described upper storage reservoir by the water of described lower storage reservoir and by described
Upper storage reservoir flow under water lower storage reservoir for generating the second operating mode.But this pumped-storage power generation device, it is only used for single
Power station carries out associating energy storage with other energy storage device, and its capacity is less, it is impossible to adapt to the demand that electrical network is allocated on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
For disadvantages described above or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of small power station group of planes composition distributed
The method of energy-storage system, its object is to utilize improved small power station's group of planes with energy storage capacity, solves small hydropower station
Operational efficiency and utilization rate problem, improve peak load shifting ability and the regenerative resource digestion capability of electrical network.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of distributed storage based on small hydropower station
Energy method, comprises the following steps:
(1) obtain in an energy storage cycle T, total net load value P of the t period all small hydropower stationLj(t)；
(2) according to optimization aim, total net load value PLjThe plan load p of (t) and i-th small hydropower stationi(t), it is thus achieved that
The actual load p of i-th small hydropower stationfci(t)；
(3) according to the actual load p of i-th small hydropower stationfciT (), enters the pumped storage device of i-th small hydropower station
Row controls, and makes described i-th small hydropower station at optimal efficiency according to actual load pfciT () is run, described pumped storage device
It is made up of the hydraulic turbine or water pump, or described pumped storage device is reversible turbine.
Preferably, described optimization aim is that peak regulation power is maximumGross generation is
GreatlyAbandon the water yield minimumOr
The fluctuation of network load is minimumWherein, M is the quantity of small hydropower station, and ξ is one
The time hop count that individual energy storage cycle T includes, Δ t is the time of t period lasts, and T=ξ × △ t, ViT () is the little water of i-th
Power station is at the storage capacity of the upper storage reservoir of t period, Vi,maxT () is the i-th small hydropower station upper storage reservoir storage capacity t period
The upper limit；ZiT () is the i-th small hydropower station water level at the upper storage reservoir of t period, Zi,maxT () is that i-th small hydropower station is
The upper limit of the upper storage reservoir water level of t period, Δ ViT () represents that i-th small hydropower station abandons the water yield t period.
As it is further preferred that the time Δ t of described t period lasts is 5min～60min, one is stored up
The time hop count ξ that energy cycle T includes is 24～288.
As it is further preferred that the constraints of described optimization aim is reservoir capacity retrains Vi,min(t)≤Vi(t)
≤Vi,max(t), restriction of water level Zi,min(t)≤Zi(t)≤Zi,max(t), storage outflow constraint ri,min(t)≤ri(t)≤ri,max
(t), water balance constraint Vi(t)=Vi(t-1)+[Ii(t-1)-ri(t-1)] × Δ t and plant load constraint pi,min
(t)≤pfci(t)≤pi,max(t), and Pfci(t)=9.81 × Hi(t)×ri(t)×ηzi；Wherein, Vi,max(t) and Vi,min(t)
Bound for the upper storage reservoir storage capacity of i-th t period of small hydropower station；Zi,max(t) and Zi,minT () is i-th small hydropower station
The bound of the upper storage reservoir water level of t period；ri,max(t) and ri,minT () is the upper water of i-th t period of small hydropower station
The bound of storehouse storage outflow；Ii(t-1) it is the reservoir inflow of upper storage reservoir of i-th t-1 period of small hydropower station；pi,max
(t) and pi,minT () is the bound of i-th the t period actual load of small hydropower station；ηziTotal effect for i-th small hydropower station
Rate, aggregate efficiency is the product of kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device efficiency and pumped storage unit efficiency.
Preferably, described step (3) specifically includes following sub-step:
(3-1) the i-th small hydropower station specific load t period is obtainedWherein, Hi
T () is the i-th small hydropower station head t period, DiThe mark of runner for the pumped storage device of i-th small hydropower station
Claim diameter, ηiEfficiency for the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device of i-th small hydropower station；Described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is by generating electricity
Machine and motor form, or described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is reversible generator motor；
(3-2) according to specific load Ni' (t), it is thus achieved that the pumped storage dress that i-th small hydropower station is corresponding at optimal efficiency
The actual speed n puti(t) and guide vane opening α；
(3-3) guide vane opening controlling described pumped storage device is α, and actual speed is niT (), makes described i-th little
Power station is at optimal efficiency according to actual load pfciT () is run.
As it is further preferred that described step (3-2) specifically includes: according to specific load Ni' (t) and described in draw water
The high output curve of water-storing device, it is thus achieved that the specific discharge Q ' of pumped storage devicei；According to described pumped storage device
High efficiency profile, it is thus achieved that the efficiency eta of pumped storage devicesmaxi；According to described specific discharge Q 'i, the efficiency of pumped storage device
ηsmaxiAnd the efficiency summit curve of pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that unit speed n of pumped storage device 'i(t)；According to unit
Rotating speed n 'i(t), it is thus achieved that the actual speed of the pumped storage device that i-th small hydropower station is corresponding at optimal efficiencySimultaneously according to described specific discharge Q 'iWith the guide vane opening curve of addressed pumped storage device, obtain
Obtain guide vane opening α of i-th small hydropower station pumped storage device corresponding at optimal efficiency.
As it is further preferred that the side of actual speed controlling described pumped storage device in described step (3-3)
Method is the method that combines with direct current transportation of variable speed constant frequency control method and control method based on electronic power transformer.
Preferably, described step (2) obtains the method for actual load include linear programming algorithm, dynamic programming algorithm,
Improve dynamic programming algorithm or intelligent optimization derivation algorithm；Wherein, described improvement dynamic programming algorithm includes increment dynamic programming
Algorithm, progressive optimal algorithm or dynamic programming successive approximation algorithm；Described intelligent optimization derivation algorithm includes genetic algorithm, improvement
Genetic algorithm, ant group algorithm, improvement ant group algorithm, particle cluster algorithm or improvement particle cluster algorithm.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that additionally provide a kind of distributed energy storage system based on small hydropower station, including little
A water power group of planes, energy management unit, upper storage reservoir, pressure pipeline, lower storage reservoir, control unit, pumped storage device, kinetic energy-electric energy
Conversion equipment and information interactive unit；Described pressure pipeline, control unit, pumped storage device, kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device
And information interactive unit and described small hydropower station one_to_one corresponding；
A described small power station group of planes includes scattered same basin or the small hydropower station across basin, and described upper storage reservoir is arranged at
The upstream of small hydropower station, described pumped storage device and lower storage reservoir be arranged at the downstream of small hydropower station, described pressure pipeline
First end connects the outlet of described upper storage reservoir, and the second end of described pressure pipeline connects the water inlet of described pumped storage device
Mouthful, the outlet of described pumped storage device connects the water inlet of described lower storage reservoir；
The signal end of described energy management unit connects the first signal end of described information interactive unit, and described information is mutual
The secondary signal end of unit connects the signal end of described control unit；The outfan of described control unit connects described pumped storage
The input of device, the interaction end of described pumped storage device connects the first interaction end of kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device；
Described energy management unit is for obtaining the actual load of each small hydropower station, and output extremely each small power station respectively
Stand；Described information interactive unit is for obtaining the service data of small hydropower station, and exports to described energy management unit, will simultaneously
The actual load of small hydropower station exports to control unit；Described control unit is for controlling pumped storage according to described actual load
The actual speed of device and guide vane opening, make described small hydropower station run according to actual load；Described pumped storage device is used for
It is mechanical energy by the potential energy converting and energy of water under generating operation mode, is simultaneously used for converting mechanical energy into the gesture of water under accumulation of energy operating mode
Can, described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device, for converting mechanical energy into electric energy under generating operation mode, is simultaneously used in accumulation of energy operating mode
Under convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Preferably, the second interaction end connection transformer of described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device, described transformator is for by institute
The electric energy stating kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device output exports to electrical network, or the electric energy output inputted by electrical network turns to kinetic energy-electric energy
Changing device.
As it is further preferred that described transformator is electronic power transformer, the of described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device
Two interaction end connect described electronic power transformer, and described transformator is additionally operable to control pumped storage device and transports at optimal efficiency
OK.
Preferably, described service data includes the water of the storage capacity of head, upper storage reservoir and lower storage reservoir, upper storage reservoir and lower storage reservoir
Position, the storage outflow of upper storage reservoir and the reservoir inflow of upper storage reservoir.
Preferably, described pumped storage device includes water pump and the hydraulic turbine, and the described hydraulic turbine is used under generating operation mode will
The potential energy converting and energy of water is mechanical energy, and described water pump is for converting mechanical energy into the potential energy of water under accumulation of energy operating mode.
Preferably, described pumped storage device is reversible turbine.
Preferably, described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device includes electromotor and motor, and described electromotor is in generating work
Converting mechanical energy into electric energy under condition, described motor is for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy under accumulation of energy operating mode.
Preferably, described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is reversible generator motor.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, due to by little water
The transformation in power station makes small hydropower station have generating and water-retention energy-storage function simultaneously, and it is carried out unified management utilization, it is possible to take
Following beneficial effect:
1, compared with carrying out energy storage with utilization tradition large-scale energy storage device, the present invention utilizes natural river, dispersion small power station
Stand and have reservoir or newly-built small reservoir etc., only need to through part transformation, just can build up distributed energy storage system thus
Completing energy-storage function, compared with prior art difficulty is low, cost is little, environmental friendliness in construction, has significant economic advantages and answers
By value；
2, the EMS of the present invention carries out generating electricity and the flexible allotment of energy storage, single little water between small hydropower station
Breaking down in power station does not affects its overall operation, and flexibility ratio is higher, runs more stable；
3, the system of the present invention is connected with electrical network, can coordinate tune with the wind-powered electricity generation in electrical network, photovoltaic generation and thermoelectricity
Join, thus improve clean energy resource and dissolve, reduce thermal power generation, bring energy to convert and the economic benefit of peak load shifting；
4, the present invention makes full use of the scale capacity of small power station's group of planes and coordinates to control, and on the one hand solves small power station
Operational efficiency and the problem of utilization rate；On the other hand balance randomness that the regenerative resource such as wind-powered electricity generation, solar electrical energy generation exerts oneself,
Undulatory property, improves regenerative resource digestion capability and peak load shifting ability, reduces the burning of Fossil fuel, also reduces simultaneously
Conventional power plant, due to economic loss that significantly Load adjustment brings and loss in efficiency, has good economic benefit and environment
Benefit；
5, preferably employ electronic power transformer the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device in pump-storage generator is controlled with
And grid-connected, by using the vector control method of double-closed-loop control, enable kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device variable-speed operation, simultaneously
Achieve the uneoupled control of active power and reactive power, improve system operation reliability；One can also be exported according to demand
Determine reactive power, it is ensured that stablizing of grid-connected voltage；
6, this distributed energy storage system can be as the regulating frequency of flexibility and reliability in electrical network and the power supply of burning voltage, effectively
Ground ensures and improves operation of power networks frequency, voltage stability；Also can serve as in power system that emergency episode is standby and black starting-up
Power supply, is effectively improved power system safety and stability operation level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electric network composition containing small power station's group of planes He other regenerative resources；
Fig. 2 is the electric network coordination Optimizing Flow figure containing small power station's group of planes He other regenerative resources.
Fig. 3 is the distributed energy storage system schematic that small hydropower station is transformed into；
Fig. 4 is the grid-connected schematic diagram of reversible generator motor based on electronic power transformer；
Fig. 5 is pump-storage generator optimized operation efficiency-adjusted schematic diagram based on electronic power transformer；
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.If additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
The conflict of not constituting each other just can be mutually combined.
The method that the invention provides a kind of small power station group of planes composition distributed energy storage system, this distributed energy storage system bag
Include small power station's group of planes, energy management unit, information interactive unit, control unit, upper storage reservoir, pressure pipeline, lower storage reservoir, draw water storage
Water device, kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device and transformator etc.；A described small power station group of planes includes same basin or different basin
Small hydropower station, described pressure pipeline, control unit, pumped storage device, kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device and information interactive unit
With described small hydropower station one_to_one corresponding；The corresponding small hydropower station of described upper storage reservoir or the small hydropower station in multiple same basin,
The corresponding small hydropower station of described lower storage reservoir or the small hydropower station in multiple same basin；
Described upper storage reservoir is arranged at the upstream of small hydropower station, and described pumped storage device and lower storage reservoir are arranged at small power station
The downstream stood, described pressure pipeline is for connecting outlet and the water inlet of pumped storage device of described upper storage reservoir, described
The outlet of pumped storage device connects the water inlet of lower storage reservoir；
The signal end of described energy management unit connects the first signal end of described information interactive unit, and described information is mutual
The secondary signal end of unit connects the signal end of described control unit, and the 3rd signal end of described information interactive unit is used for connecting
Small hydropower station harvester, the outfan of described control unit connects the input of pumped storage device, and described pumped storage fills
The interaction end put connects the first interaction end of kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device；Second interaction end of described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device
First interaction end of connection transformer, the second interaction end of described transformator connects electrical network；
Described energy management unit is for obtaining the actual load of small hydropower station, and exports respectively to each small hydropower station
Information interactive unit；Described information interactive unit is for obtaining the service data of small hydropower station, and exports to described energy management
Unit, exports the actual load of small hydropower station to control unit simultaneously；Described control unit is for according to described actual load
Control actual speed and the guide vane opening of pumped storage device, make described small hydropower station run according to actual load, described operation
Data include small hydropower station plan load, head, upper storage reservoir and the water level of the storage capacity of lower storage reservoir, upper storage reservoir and lower storage reservoir, Shang Shui
The storage outflow in storehouse and the reservoir inflow of upper storage reservoir.
Described upper storage reservoir, pressure pipeline, pumped storage device and lower storage reservoir are sequentially connected, for by the potential energy converting and energy of water
For mechanical energy, or convert mechanical energy into the potential energy of water；
Described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is used for converting mechanical energy into electric energy, or converts electrical energy into mechanical energy；
Wherein said pumped storage device can be made up of the hydraulic turbine and water pump, and wherein, the hydraulic turbine is at generating operation mode
Lower operation, water pump is for running under accumulation of energy operating mode；So can be to originally just having the small hydropower station of the hydraulic turbine or water pump only to increase
Add a device, it just can be made simultaneously to realize generating and water storage function；Or can also directly using reversible turbine as
Pumped storage device, thus simplify the composition of this distributed energy storage system；
Same, described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device can be made up of electromotor and motor, be respectively used in generating and
Run under accumulation of energy operating mode, so just can be able to make originally just having the small hydropower station of electromotor or motor only to increase a device
It realizes generating and water storage function simultaneously；Or directly using reversible generator motor as kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device, thus
Simplify the composition of this distributed energy storage system.
Transformator preferably employs electronic power transformer, and this transformator is on the one hand for by described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion dress
Putting is generated electricity can export to electrical network, or the electric energy of electrical network is flowed to kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is used for water-storage；Another
Aspect is used for controlling pumped storage device and runs at optimal efficiency.
When described distributed energy storage system is run under accumulation of energy operating mode, energy management unit passes through information interactive unit to respectively
Small hydropower station sends accumulation of energy order: the electric energy that external electrical network inputs is converted to mechanical energy and exports by kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device
To pumped storage device, pumped storage device utilizes this mechanical energy to draw water from lower storage reservoir, and is delivered to by pressure pipeline
Reservoir, water is stored, finally converts electrical energy into the potential energy of water by upper storage reservoir；
Otherwise, when described distributed energy storage system works under generating operation mode, energy management unit is single alternately by information
Unit sends generating order to each small hydropower station: water is delivered to pumped storage device, pumped storage by pressure pipeline by upper storage reservoir
The potential energy of water is changed into mechanical energy and exports to kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device by device, and by water output to lower storage reservoir, kinetic energy-
Device for converting electric energy converts mechanical energy into electric energy and exports to electrical network.
This distributed energy storage system is connected with electrical network by EMS, can be with other power station in electrical network (such as light
Overhead utility, wind power station or thermal power station) jointly realize distributed energy storage, this distributed energy storage method specifically includes following steps:
(1) traffic department of external electrical network respectively will prediction obtain an energy storage cycle T in, the t the period small power station
Total net load value P stoodLjT (), thermal power station goes out force data Ph(t), output of wind electric field prediction data PwpT () and photovoltaic plant go out
Power prediction data PpvT (), is sent respectively to energy management unit；
(2) energy management unit is according to optimization aim, constraints, total net load value PLj(t) and i-th small hydropower station
Plan load pi(t), it is thus achieved that the actual load p of i-th small hydropower stationfci(t), and the information exported to i-th small hydropower station
Interactive unit；If pfci(t) ＞ 0, then i-th small hydropower station is in generating operation mode the t period, if pfci(t) ＜ 0,
Then i-th small hydropower station is in accumulation of energy operating mode the t period；Wherein, plan load is by the staff of each small hydropower station
Hydrographic data, generating capacity and pumpage according to small hydropower station are formulated, and described hydrographic data includes coming the water yield, upper and lower water
Reservoir level, upper and lower reservoir capacity, head etc.；
Wherein, described optimization aim is that peak regulation power is maximumGross generation is maximumAbandon the water yield minimumOr
The fluctuation of network load is minimumM is the quantity of small hydropower station, and ξ is a storage
Can the time hop count that includes of cycle T, usually 24～288, Δ t is the time of t period lasts, usually 5min～60min,
And T=ξ × △ t；In actual applications, generally with 24 hours for energy storage cycle T, it is designated as a period per hour；ViT () is
I small hydropower station is at the storage capacity of the upper storage reservoir of t period, Vi,maxT () is the i-th small hydropower station upper water t period
The upper limit that Kuku holds；ZiT () is the i-th small hydropower station water level at the upper storage reservoir of t period, Zi,maxT () is the little water of i-th
Power station is at the upper limit of the upper storage reservoir water level of t period, Δ ViT () represents that i-th small hydropower station abandons water t period
Amount；
Constraints is that reservoir capacity retrains Vi,min(t)≤Vi(t)≤Vi,max(t), restriction of water level Zi,min(t)≤Zi(t)
≤Zi,max(t), storage outflow constraint ri,min(t)≤ri(t)≤ri,max(t), water balance constraint Vi(t)=Vi(t-1)+[Ii
(t-1)-ri(t-1)] × Δ t and plant load constraint pi,min(t)≤pfci(t)≤pi,max(t), and Pfci(t)=9.81
×Hi(t)×ri(t)×ηzi；Wherein, Vi,minT () is the lower limit of the storage capacity of the upper storage reservoir of i-th t period of small hydropower station；
Zi,minT () is the lower limit of the water level of the upper storage reservoir of i-th t period of small hydropower station；ri,minT () is i-th small hydropower station
The lower limit of the storage outflow of the upper storage reservoir of t period, ri,maxT () is the outbound of the upper storage reservoir of i-th t period of small hydropower station
The upper limit of flow；Ii(t-1) it is the reservoir inflow of upper storage reservoir of i-th t-1 period of small hydropower station；pi,minT () is i-th
The lower limit of the actual load of t period of individual small hydropower station, pi,maxT () is the actual load of i-th t period of small hydropower station
The upper limit, ηziProduct for i-th small hydropower station pumped storage unit efficiency Yu kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device efficiency；
(3-1) the i-th small hydropower station specific load t period is obtainedWherein, Hi
T () is the i-th small hydropower station head t period, DiThe mark of runner for the pumped storage device of i-th small hydropower station
Claim diameter, ηiEfficiency for the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device of i-th small hydropower station；Described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is generating
Machine or motor；
(3-2) according to specific load Ni' (t) and the high output curve of described pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that draw water storage
The specific discharge Q ' of water devicei；Maximum efficiency curve according to described pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that the efficiency of pumped storage device
ηsmaxi；According to described specific discharge Q 'i, the efficiency eta of pumped storage devicesmaxiAnd the efficiency summit of pumped storage device is bent
Line, it is thus achieved that unit speed n of pumped storage device 'i(t)；According to unit speed n 'i(t), it is thus achieved that i-th small hydropower station is at optimum
The actual speed of pumped storage device corresponding under efficiencySimultaneously according to described specific discharge Q 'iWith institute
Address the guide vane opening curve of pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that the pumped storage dress that i-th small hydropower station is corresponding at optimal efficiency
Guide vane opening α put；
(3-3) actual speed n of pumped storage device corresponding under optimum efficiencyiT () and guide vane opening α, to i-th
The actual speed of the pumped storage device of small hydropower station utilize variable speed constant frequency control method combine with direct current transportation method and
Method based on electronic power transformer is controlled, and makes described i-th small hydropower station according to actual load pfciT () is at optimum
Run under efficiency.
Owing to small hydropower station quantity is many, by above method, generating and the accumulation of energy of small hydropower station are carried out unified allocation of resources, can
The photovoltaic plant in electrical network, wind power station or thermal power station to be coordinated allotment, thus improve the energy of dissolving of regenerative resource
Power and peak load shifting ability；Meanwhile, single small hydropower station breaks down and this distributed energy storage system will not be produced impact so that
This distributed energy storage system is relatively reliable, thus brings energy and convert and the economic benefit of peak load shifting.
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples 1-
9, the present invention is described in more detail, and the electric network composition that embodiment 1-9 is used is as shown in Figure 1.Electric network composition shown in Fig. 1
The small power station's group of planes, wind energy turbine set, photovoltaic plant, external electrical network and group of planes factory of the small power station internal loading that propose including the present invention, 10
～35kV substation connects load and the connect load of external electrical network；If simultaneously area power grid be connected to large pumped storage power plant or
Person's energy storage device, Fig. 1 uses dashed line form to represent the access of these large pumped storage power plant or energy storage device.Described little water
The outfan of motor group connects 10～35kV transformer stations, for 10～35kV output small power station of transformer stations group of planes generated electricity energy or
Person absorbs electric energy for the energy storage of drawing water of small power station's group of planes from 10～35kV transformer stations, the outfan of described wind energy turbine set connect 10～
35kV transformer station, for 10～35kV transformer station's output wind-powered electricity generation place generating energy, the outfan of described photovoltaic plant connects 10
～35kV transformer station, for 10～35kV transformer stations output photovoltaic plants generated electricity energy, described 10～35kV transformer station pass through
Conventional transformer is connected with external electrical network.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is that Fig. 1 is for make use of containing small power station's group of planes and wind-power electricity generation, the coordination optimization embodiment of photovoltaic generation
Embodiment 1 method coordinates the electric network composition of optimization；Small power station's group of planes connects the first input end of 10～35kV transformer stations, institute
Stating wind energy turbine set and connect the second input of 10～35kV transformer stations, described photovoltaic plant connects the 3rd defeated of 10～35kV transformer stations
Enter end, described energy storage device connect 10～35kV transformer stations four-input terminal, described 10～35kV transformer station pass through transformator
Connect external electrical network；Fig. 2 is the electric network coordination Optimizing Flow figure containing small power station's group of planes He other regenerative resources, specifically include with
Lower step:
S1. total net load value P of all small hydropower stations of t period of next day is obtainedLj(t) and each small hydropower station
Plan load piT (), wherein, i is the sequence number of small hydropower station, and 1≤i≤M, M are the quantity of small hydropower station, and t represents the sequence of period
Number；
Wherein, PLj(t)=PL(t)-Ph(t)-Pwp(t)-Ppv(t)；PLT () is load prediction data, PhT () is outward
Electrical network thermal power station of portion goes out force data, PwpT () is output of wind electric field prediction data, PpvT () is that photovoltaic plant is exerted oneself prediction data,
All being obtained from dispatching of power netwoks department by communication system, communication system sends it to the energy management system of small power station's group of planes again
System；Due to total net load value PLjT () is relevant to wind-power electricity generation, photovoltaic generation and load, therefore, described net load takes into full account
Dissolving of wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic generation, also contemplated peak valley information and the load fluctuation information of network load simultaneously；
pi(t)=9.81 × Hi(t)×ri(t)×ηzi；Wherein, HiT () is the i-th small hydropower station head in the t period,
riT () is this small hydropower station upper storage reservoir storage outflow in the t period, ηziFor the pump-storage generator aggregate efficiency of small hydropower station, all
Being obtained by the intelligent monitoring device collection of each small hydropower station, intelligent monitoring device sends it to the energy of small power station's group of planes again
Buret reason system；
S2. EMS is optimization aim to the maximum with peak regulation power, considers small hydropower station staff and reports
Each small hydropower station plan load piT () and constraints, use dynamic programming algorithm to be calculated each small hydropower station actual negative
Lotus pfciT (), then by communication system by PfciT () sends each small hydropower station pump-storage generator control system, each little water to
Power station pump-storage generator obtains the task of drawing water under peak regulation power maximum target or electrical generation burden, and wherein electrical generation burden refers to Pfci
T active power that during () ＞ 0, pump-storage generator should send, the task of drawing water refers to pfciT during () ＜ 0, pump-storage generator draws water
The active power that should consume；
Peak regulation power maximum target function isWherein, ξ table
Show period sum, ξ=24；
Constraints has: a. reservoir capacity retrains: Vi,min(t)≤Vi(t)≤Vi,max(t)；Wherein, ViT () is that i-th is little
The storage capacity of power station t period upper storage reservoir, Vi,max(t) and Vi,minT () is respectively i-th small hydropower station t period upper storage reservoir storage capacity
Bound；B. restriction of water level: Zi,min(t)≤Zi(t)≤Zi,max(t)；Wherein, ZiT () is the upper of i-th small hydropower station t period
Reservoir level, Zi,max(t) and Zi,minT () is respectively the bound of i-th small hydropower station t period upper storage reservoir water level；C. outbound stream
Amount constraint: ri,min(t)≤ri(t)≤ri,max(t)；Wherein, riT () is the outbound stream of i-th small hydropower station t period upper storage reservoir
Amount, ri,max(t) and ri,minT () is respectively the bound of i-th small hydropower station t period upper storage reservoir storage outflow；D. water balance
Constraint: Vi(t+1)=Vi(t)+[Ii(t)-ri(t)]×Δt；Wherein, IiT () is i-th small hydropower station t period upper storage reservoir
Reservoir inflow, Δ t is the duration of a period t, is typically a period with 5～15min levels or 30～60min levels, this reality
Execute Δ t=60min in example；E. plant load constraint: pi,min(t)≤pfci(t)≤pi,max(t)；Wherein, pi,max(t) and pi,min
T () represents the bound that the i-th small hydropower station t period that small hydropower station staff determines plans to exert oneself respectively.
Dynamic programming algorithm is used to calculate each small hydropower station actual load pfciT () specifically includes following sub-step:
S21. stage variable is determined
Choose calculation interval in dispatching cycle as the decision phase, sequence number t of period as stage variable t=1,2 ...
ξ。
The storage capacity V of the upper storage reservoir of definition i-th t period of small hydropower stationiT () is state variable；And remember Vi(t) and Vi
(t+1) storage capacity with the upper storage reservoir at the beginning of the t+1 period at the beginning of the t period it is respectively；Storage outflow r with upper storage reservoiriT () is for certainly
Plan variable；
S22., after the decision-making in stage is made, state variable just transfers to period last current state from period initial equilibrium state, this turn
Become referred to as state transfer.State variable V at the beginning of the given t periodi(t) and decision variable riT, after (), the state of t period Mo becomes
Amount Vi(t+1) just can determine according to state transition equation.Described state transition equation is water balance equation Vi(t+1)=
Vi(t)+[Ii(t)-ri(t)] × Δ t, wherein initial value Vi(0), ri(0), IiAnd Δ t is known quantity (0).
S23. establishment stage benefit function and object function
The present embodiment is maximum as object function using peak regulation power, then stage benefit function is exactly a certain to determine the period
Remaining lotus absolute value, i.e.Wherein F (t) represents the remaining lotus absolute value of t period；By whole ξ
The stage benefit function of period compares optimizing, finds out the maximum period of F (t) in all periods, makes the F (t) of this period
The little object function being the formation of peak regulation power maximum, i.e.
S24. recurrence equation is set up
By recurrence calculation equation, use suitable timing method or inverse timing method by period recurrence calculation, determine at the beginning of day part
State variable ViT target function value MB that () is corresponding, the present embodiment uses up time sequence recursion, and the recurrence equation obtained isDetermine according to recurrence formula and meet peak regulation power maximum
Decision variable riT (), is then calculated the actual load P of each small hydropower station by formulafci(t)=9.81 × Hi(t)×ri
(t)×ηzi。
S25. because peak regulation power maximum model needs pump-storage generator can be according to net load PLjFluctuation rapid starting/stopping
Realize power tracking, so the generating of small power station's pump-storage generator and control of drawing water use power bi-directional rapid track and control.
The electrical generation burden that each small power station pump-storage generator is assigned according to EMS and the task of drawing water be separately operable in generating with
Pumping operation mode, utilizes electronic power transformer to control pump-storage generator bidirectional power and quickly follows the tracks of, it is achieved optimum efficiency is lowered
Stable target that peak electricity is maximum and load is tried one's best.
Embodiment 2
Repeating embodiment 1 with described same steps, difference is, described optimization aim is total generating of small power station's group of planes
Amount maximum, described object function is
Embodiment 3
Repeating embodiment 1 with described same steps, difference is, described optimization aim be small power station's group of planes abandon the water yield
Minimum, described object function isWherein, | table
Show assumed condition.△Vi(t) represent i-th small hydropower station t period abandon the water yield.
Embodiment 4
Repeating embodiment 1 with described same steps, difference is, described optimization aim is the unit coal consumption of thermal power station
Minimum, described object function isWherein, j represents the sequence number of thermal power station, M in electrical networkhRepresent
The quantity of thermal power station, w in electrical networkiT () represents the jth thermal power station generated energy t period.
Embodiment 5
Repeating embodiment 1 with described same steps, difference is, described optimization aim be the fluctuation of network load
Little, described object function is
Embodiment 6
Repeating embodiment 1 with described same steps, difference is, described optimization aim is electrical network economy benefit and environment
Benefit is maximum, and described object function is
Wherein, q represents the numbering of wind energy turbine set in electrical network, and y represents the numbering of photovoltaic plant, M in electrical networkfRepresent electrical network apoplexy
Electric field sum, MgRepresent photovoltaic plant sum, C in electrical networkjT () represents the thermoelectricity electricity price in the t period, CiT () represents that water power is at t
The electricity price of period, CqT () represents the wind-powered electricity generation electricity price in the t period, CyT () represents the photovoltaic generation electricity price in the t period, Phj(t) table
Show the load of jth fired power generating unit t period, PwpqT () represents the load of q-th wind energy turbine set t period, PpvyRepresent y-th photovoltaic
The load of power station t period, aj、bj、cjRepresent the fuel consumption characteristic coefficient of jth fired power generating unit, αj、βj、γj、λj、δjRepresent
The gas emission performance coefficient of jth fired power generating unit, EhjRepresent the rated power of jth fired power generating unit；f1、f2、f3Represent respectively
Hydro-thermal power systems economic benefits of power generating maximal function, thermoelectricity system energy consumption and dusty gas discharge minimum function, fired power generating unit are born
Lotus fluctuation minimum function.
Embodiment 7
In the coordination optimizing method of embodiment 1-embodiment 6, if load prediction PLT () and regenerative resource are exerted oneself
(i.e. Ph(t)、Pwp(t) and PpvThe actual value sum of (t)) predict that deviation occurs, power difference Δ P can be there is between them, now
Energy storage device can carry out compensation of dissolving to this；Energy storage device can be flywheel energy storage, compressed-air energy storage, chemical energy storage, electric power storage
Pond.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment is the embodiment of the method for small hydropower station group of planes composition distributed energy storage system, distributed energy storage system
Structure is as it is shown on figure 3, structure shown in Fig. 3 includes small power station's group of planes, EMS, and dispatching of power netwoks department, electron electric power become
Depressor and electrical network.Described small power station's group of planes includes same basin or the small hydropower station in different basin, each small hydropower station bag
Include electronic power transformer (EPT), be arranged at upstream upper storage reservoir, be arranged at downstream lower storage reservoir, by reversible turbine and
Pump-storage generator, communication system and the intelligent monitoring device of reversible generator motor composition；Upper storage reservoir passes through manometer tube
Road is connected with pump-storage generator, and the outlet of pump-storage generator is connected with lower storage reservoir；During generating, the water in upper storage reservoir passes through
Pressure pipeline flows to pump-storage generator generating；Generating terminate after from pump-storage generator outlet discharge water flow into water
Storehouse；During water-storage, the water in lower storage reservoir is drawn to pressure pipeline by pump-storage generator, is conveyed by pressure pipeline again
Water-retention energy storage is carried out to upper storage reservoir.First communication ends of EMS connects dispatching of power netwoks department, from dispatching of power netwoks department
Obtain load prediction data, output of wind electric field prediction data and photovoltaic plant exert oneself prediction data；The second of EMS
Communication ends connects the control system of small hydropower station, it is thus achieved that the inherent parameters that each small hydropower station sends；EMS according to
Load prediction data, output of wind electric field prediction data and photovoltaic plant are exerted oneself prediction data, and the intelligence by each small hydropower station
The inherent parameters such as the head of each small hydropower station of energy monitoring device acquisition, storage capacity calculate what each small hydropower station be should bear
Actual load PfciT (), is then forwarded to the control system of small hydropower station, carry out generating electricity or water-storage in this, as target.Draw water
Accumulation of energy unit is connected with electrical network by electronic power transformer (EPT), on the one hand each in time distributed energy storage system being generated electricity
Small hydropower station pump-storage generator generated electricity can deliver to electrical network or from electrical network absorb electric energy for distributed energy storage system each
The water-storage of small hydropower station；On the other hand being used for controlling small hydropower station pump-storage generator operates in optimum efficiency and raising
And network electric energy quality.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment improves small power station's pump-storage generator fortune for utilizing three-phase tertiary structure electronic power transformer (EPT)
Line efficiency and and the embodiment of network electric energy quality.
As shown in Figure 4, the grid-connected system shown in Fig. 4 includes by can reversible generator motor grid-connected system based on EPT
The inverse formula hydraulic turbine and pump-storage generator, EPT and the electrical network of reversible generator motor composition, described EPT is by pusher side SPWM
Changer, isolated form full-bridge DC-DC converter and net side SPWM changer composition；Described reversible turbine is sent out with reversible
Electricity motor is coaxially connected, and then reversible generator motor is connected with the pusher side SPWM changer of EPT, the net side SPWM of EPT
Changer is connected with electrical network.Pusher side SPWM changer is for controlling pusher side voltage x current frequency following reversible turbine rotating speed
Change；Net side SPWM changer, for Controling network side output current frequency Tracking Frequency of Power Grids, controls EPT low-pressure side direct current simultaneously
Voltage constant and EPT current on line side are sinusoidal adjustable with power factor；Isolated form full-bridge DC-DC converter is used for isolating pusher side
SPWM changer and net side SPWM and realize transformation function.
Fig. 5 gives optimized operation efficiency-adjusted schematic diagram based on EPT, including improving efficiency computing unit, speed regulator,
Servo system, diversion system, reversible generator motor, EPT and control system thereof；
First outfan of described improving efficiency computing unit connects speed regulator, and the second outfan connects EPT control system,
For obtaining optimization rotating speed n*And export, the 3rd outfan connects the first input end of servo system, is used for obtaining optimization stator
Aperture α also exports, and the outfan of described speed regulator connects the second input of servo system, promotes servo system for obtaining
Torque amount also exports；Described servo system is according to described torque amount, and regulation guide vane opening is for optimizing guide vane opening α and exporting torque
Amount；The outfan of diversion system connects the input of reversible generator motor, considers the torque of water hammer effect for output
Amount, the first outfan of described reversible generator motor connects the second input of speed regulator, by reversible generator motor
Actual speed n output.Reversible generator motor is grid-connected by EPT.Concrete improves little water based on electronic power transformer
Electricity pump-storage generator operational efficiency with also network electric energy quality step is:
(1) reversible turbine improving efficiency.First reversible turbine sets according to given burden with power N and intellectuality
The standby real-time head H gathered, by formula
It is calculated specific load N ', is then checked in the specific discharge Q ' of reversible turbine, root by maximum efficiency curve
Optimization guide vane opening α of reversible turbine is checked in by guide vane opening curve, simultaneously according to specific discharge Q ' according to specific discharge Q '
Unit speed n of reversible turbine is checked in by efficiency summit line ', utilize transformation for mula
Unit speed is converted to actual optimization rotating speed n*, the actual optimization rotating speed n that finally gives*With optimization guide vane opening α
It is i.e. rotary speed instruction corresponding under reversible turbine optimum efficiency and guide vane opening instruction.In formula: N is that given gaining merit is born
Lotus；H is head；ηgEfficiency for reversible generator motor；Q ' is unit flow；N ' is unit rotating speed, n*Turn for actual optimization
Speed；N ' is unit load；D1For reversible turbine runner nominal diameter.
(2) control of pump-storage generator.Under different load, optimum all can be run in order to preferably control the hydraulic turbine
Near rotating speed, it is achieved the optimizing regulation of load, reversible turbine actuator needs to undertake control power and the dual work of rotating speed
With；Concrete includes step (1) calculated optimization rotary speed instruction n*Can with measuring that the actual speed n that obtains together sends into
In the speed regulator of the inverse formula hydraulic turbine, control actual speed n and follow the tracks of optimization rotating speed n*, control reversible turbine servo system simultaneously
Guide vane opening be step (1) calculated guide vane opening instruct α, it is achieved power control.The control of reversible generator motor
System strategy is a lot, and the present embodiment uses stator current d axle component isdThe vector control strategy of=0.
(3) control of electronic power transformer.Electronic power transformer pusher side SPWM changer need to be gained merit according to the hydraulic turbine
The change regulation watt current of load set-point, the most also needs to follow the tracks of the rotational speed command value that improving efficiency calculates, so controlling system
System uses active power outer shroud based on dq coordinate axes and the double-closed-loop control of current inner loop: wherein the control of active power outer shroud will
The actual active power of output of the hydraulic turbine asks poor with hydraulic turbine burden with power set-point, difference through the first pi controller,
Its output is as the reference value of pusher side input current q axle component；Current inner loop controls pusher side input current d axle component and d axle
The reference value (it is 0 that the present embodiment arranges the reference value of d axle component) of component asks poor, difference through the second pi controller,
Its output adds the compensation term control voltage as pusher side voltage d axle component of d axle cross-couplings voltage；Current inner loop control simultaneously
System the reference value of pusher side input current q axle component with its q axle component is asked poor, difference through the 3rd pi controller, its
Output adds the compensation term control voltage as pusher side voltage q axle component of q axle cross-couplings voltage.Net side SPWM changer needs
The DC voltage of Controling network side SPWM transducer side is constant, simultaneously in order to improve grid-connected quality, also needs Controling network side SPWM to convert
Device exports the current sinusoidal of electrical network and power factor is adjustable, so control system uses outside DC voltage based on dq coordinate axes
Ring and the double-closed-loop control of current inner loop: DC voltage outer shroud control to net EPT side DC voltage actual value and DC voltage to
Definite value asks poor, and difference is through the 4th pi controller, and its output is as the reference value of net side output electric current d axle component；Electricity
Stream internal ring controls the reference value of net side output electric current d axle component with d axle component is asked poor, and difference is through the 5th proportional plus integral control
Device, its output adds the compensation term control voltage as voltage on line side d axle component of d axle cross-couplings voltage；Simultaneously for realizing
EPT net side output reactive power controls, and the present embodiment net side output reactive power set-point is asked divided by voltage on line side d axle component
Must net side output electric current q axle component reference value, the reference value difference of net side output electric current q axle component and q axle component is through the 6th
Pi controller, its output is electric as the control of pusher side voltage q axle component plus the compensation term of q axle cross-couplings voltage
Pressure.Electronic power transformer isolation level is used for isolating pusher side SPWM changer and net side SPWM and realizing transformation function, intermediate frequency
The PWM that the single-phase full bridge changer on transformator both sides uses dutycycle to be 50% controls.
The machine-side converter of electronic power transformer can control electromotor by the d axle of regulation stator side and q shaft current
Electromagnetic torque and the reactive power of stator, make reversible generator motor variable-speed operation；Grid side converter is by regulation net side
D axle and q shaft current, it is achieved output is meritorious and the uneoupled control of reactive power, DC voltage control and grid-connected electric energy matter
Amount controls.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that and the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to
Limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a distributed energy storage method based on small hydropower station, it is characterised in that including:
(1) obtain in an energy storage cycle T, total net load value P of the t period all small hydropower stationLj(t)；
(2) according to optimization aim, total net load value PLjThe plan load p of (t) and i-th small hydropower stationi(t), it is thus achieved that i-th
The actual load p of small hydropower stationfci(t)；
(3) according to the actual load p of i-th small hydropower stationfciT (), controls the pumped storage device of i-th small hydropower station
System, makes described i-th small hydropower station at optimal efficiency according to actual load pfciT () is run, described pumped storage device is by water
Turbine or water pump form, or described pumped storage device is reversible turbine.
2. distributed energy storage method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described optimization aim is that peak regulation power is maximumGross generation is maximumAbandon the water yield minimumOr the fluctuation of network load is
LittleWherein, M is the quantity of small hydropower station, and ξ is that an energy storage cycle T includes
Time hop count, Δ t is the time of t period lasts, and T=ξ × Δ t, ViT () is i-th t the period of small hydropower station
The storage capacity of upper storage reservoir, Vi,maxT () is the i-th small hydropower station upper limit at the upper storage reservoir storage capacity of t period；ZiT () is i-th
Small hydropower station is at the water level of the upper storage reservoir of t period, Zi,maxT () is the i-th small hydropower station upper storage reservoir water t period
The upper limit of position, Δ ViT () represents that i-th small hydropower station abandons the water yield t period.
3. distributed energy storage method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the constraints of described optimization aim is reservoir
Storage capacity constraint, restriction of water level, storage outflow constraint, water balance constraint and plant load constraint.
4. distributed energy storage method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the time Δ t of described t period lasts is
5min～60min, the time hop count ξ that one energy storage cycle T includes is 24～288.
5. distributed energy storage method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (3) specifically includes following sub-step
Rapid:
(3-1) the i-th small hydropower station specific load t period is obtainedWherein, Hi(t) be
I-th small hydropower station is at the head of t period, DiNominal for the runner of the pumped storage device of i-th small hydropower station is straight
Footpath, ηiEfficiency for the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device of i-th small hydropower station；Described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device by electromotor with
And motor forms, or described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is reversible generator motor；
(3-2) according to specific load Ni' (t), it is thus achieved that the pumped storage device that i-th small hydropower station is corresponding at optimal efficiency
Actual speed ni(t) and guide vane opening α；
(3-3) guide vane opening controlling described pumped storage device is α, and actual speed is niT (), makes described i-th small hydropower station
At optimal efficiency according to actual load pfciT () is run.
6. distributed energy storage method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described step (3-2) specifically includes: according to list
Position load Ni' (t) and the high output curve of described pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that the specific discharge Q ' of pumped storage devicei；
Maximum efficiency curve according to described pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that the efficiency eta of pumped storage devicesmaxi；According to described unit stream
Amount Q 'i, the efficiency eta of pumped storage devicesmaxiAnd the efficiency summit curve of pumped storage device, it is thus achieved that pumped storage device
Unit speed n 'i(t)；According to unit speed n 'i(t), it is thus achieved that the pumped storage that i-th small hydropower station is corresponding at optimal efficiency
The actual speed of deviceSimultaneously according to described specific discharge Q 'iAnd the leading of described pumped storage device
Leaf opening curve, it is thus achieved that guide vane opening α of the pumped storage device that i-th small hydropower station is corresponding at optimal efficiency.
7. distributed energy storage method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that obtain actual load in described step (2)
Method includes linear programming algorithm, dynamic programming algorithm, improvement dynamic programming algorithm or intelligent optimization derivation algorithm；Wherein, institute
State improvement dynamic programming algorithm and include increment dynamic programming algorithm, progressive optimal algorithm or dynamic programming successive approximation algorithm；Institute
State intelligent optimization derivation algorithm and include genetic algorithm, improved adaptive GA-IAGA, ant group algorithm, improvement ant group algorithm, particle cluster algorithm
Or improvement particle cluster algorithm.
8. the distributed energy storage system utilizing method described in any one in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that include little
A water power group of planes, energy management unit, upper storage reservoir, pressure pipeline, lower storage reservoir, control unit, pumped storage device, kinetic energy-electric energy
Conversion equipment and information interactive unit；Described pressure pipeline, control unit, pumped storage device, kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device
And information interactive unit and described small hydropower station one_to_one corresponding；
A described small power station group of planes includes scattered same basin or the small hydropower station across basin, and described upper storage reservoir is arranged at little water
The upstream in power station, described pumped storage device and lower storage reservoir are arranged at the downstream of small hydropower station, the first of described pressure pipeline
End connects the outlet of described upper storage reservoir, and the second end of described pressure pipeline connects the water inlet of described pumped storage device, institute
The outlet stating pumped storage device connects the water inlet of described lower storage reservoir；
The signal end of described energy management unit connects the first signal end of described information interactive unit, described information interactive unit
Secondary signal end connect described control unit signal end；The outfan of described control unit connects described pumped storage device
Input, the interaction end of described pumped storage device connects the first interaction end of kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device；
Described energy management unit is for obtaining the actual load of each small hydropower station, and exports；Described information interactive unit is used
In the service data and the actual load that obtain corresponding small hydropower station；Described control unit is for according to described actual load control
Make actual speed and the guide vane opening of described pumped storage device, make described small hydropower station run according to actual load；Described
Pumped storage device, for being mechanical energy by the potential energy converting and energy of water under generating operation mode, is simultaneously used for machinery under accumulation of energy operating mode
Can be converted to the potential energy of water, described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is for converting mechanical energy into electric energy, simultaneously under generating operation mode
For converting electrical energy into mechanical energy under accumulation of energy operating mode.
9. distributed energy storage system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described service data includes head, upper storage reservoir
The entering of storage capacity, the storage capacity of lower storage reservoir, the water level of upper storage reservoir, the water level of lower storage reservoir, the storage outflow of upper storage reservoir and upper storage reservoir
Storehouse flow.
10. distributed energy storage system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described distributed energy storage system also includes electricity
Sub-power transformer, the second interaction end of described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device connects described electronic power transformer, described electronics
The electric energy that described kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device is exported under generating operation mode by power transformer exports to external electrical network, is used for
Under accumulation of energy operating mode, the electric energy that external electrical network inputs is being exported to kinetic energy-electric energy conversion device, be simultaneously used for control and draw water storage
Water device runs at optimal efficiency.
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