CN106096125B - A kind of not uniform thickness tailor welded weld line optimization method - Google Patents
A kind of not uniform thickness tailor welded weld line optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106096125B CN106096125B CN201610402251.1A CN201610402251A CN106096125B CN 106096125 B CN106096125 B CN 106096125B CN 201610402251 A CN201610402251 A CN 201610402251A CN 106096125 B CN106096125 B CN 106096125B
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of technique optimization methods for being applicable to carry out automobile tailor welded covering plate weld line based on mesh mapping and genetic algorithm reasonable Arrangement.This method comprises the following steps, step 1: establishing simulation model；Step 2: mesh mapping Inverse seeking design weld line initial threshold position on plate；Step 3: it determines that design method obtains sample number strong point: step 4: constructing the response surface model of compound condition: step 5: solving optimization approximate model: step 6: being combined according to Optimized model optimal solution and carry out simulation analysis inspection result.Compared with comparing by adjusting process state modulator weld line position deviation and by the production method of artificial Experience Design plate weld line merely, method by establishing simulation model, carrying out process optimization to plate weld line shaped position by mesh mapping, Binding experiment, can improve tailor welded weld line it is stamping after position precision, improve forming property.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses one kind to be applicable to based on mesh mapping and genetic algorithm to automobile tailor welded covering plate
The technique optimization method of weld line progress reasonable Arrangement.
Background technique
Laser assembly solder technology can be to realize by the steel plate splicing of unlike material different-thickness at a complete stamping blanks
One of important channel of body lightening has been widely applied in vehicle body stamping area.During practical punching production, put down
Weld line on plate blank material the variation of shape and position can occur with the plastic deformation of plate, generate drift, finally and product
It designs weld line and generates deviation, therefore need to control the drift of weld line in punching course, be allowed to the position with design weld line
Deviation is set within the margin of tolerance.There are two types of modes for the drift of control weld line at present, and one is by technology controlling and process, adjustment is drawn
Prolong muscle restraining force and blank shape controls the shape and position precision of final weld line.Due to strength-differential effect and blank shape
The shape quality final to punching press will form very big influence, therefore the actual effect that the method for technology controlling and process weld seam generates is very
It is limited.Another method is controlled most guarantee stamping parts quality under the premise of by adjusting the position of blank weld line
The drift of weld line after shaping eventually, this method is highly effective, but is all substantially to determine blank weld seam in advance by experience at present
The position of line, thus it is not guaranteed to the weld line drift control precision after forming.In consideration of it, the invention proposes one kind to fit
For the process optimization of reasonable Arrangement to be carried out to automobile tailor welded covering plate weld line based on mesh mapping and genetic algorithm
Method, this method combination stamping simulation calculates, mesh mapping method and genetic algorithm optimize weld line shaped position, obtains
It is combined to reasonable plate, can effectively improve the position precision of weld line after forming, guarantee forming quality, reduce drip molding
Generate the risk of defect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention comprises the steps of:
Step 1: tentatively conventionally determining plate weld line shaped position, struck out for tailor welded part
Shape simulation analysis；
Step 2: design meets the binder surface and process complementary surface of Sheet Metal Forming Technology requirement, will extend to process complementary surface and overstocks
A complete weld line on drawing work model is formed on charge level, extracts the complete weld line on drawing work model,
Mesh mapping method reverse weld line corresponding initial threshold position on plate is utilized according to the complete design weld line of extraction
It sets；
Step 3: sample number is obtained using test design method with reverse weld line extreme position and design weld line number of segment
Strong point；
Step 4: according to sample point experimental result, constructing response surface model, determine that optimization aim, constraint condition and design become
The polynomial response surface approximate function of amount；
Step 5: carrying out including selection, intersection and the genetic operation to make a variation using genetic algorithm, solve weld seam line position
The optimal solution of Parametric optimization problem；
Step 6: tailor welded plate being obtained by weld line location parameter optimization optimal solution, substitutes into stamping finite element software
In calculated, examine the precision of optimum results.
Further, in step 1, according to design butt welding piece model needs, weld line plane projection position determines weld line
Shaped position and number of segment carry out simulation analysis and obtain weld line maximum position deviation under the premise of guaranteeing forming quality while being
Mesh mapping reverse makees basis；
Further, in step 2, it extracts design weld line and discrete exists for dot grid mapping method Inverse seeking design weld line
Corresponding initial threshold position on plate determines the number of segment and the limit of weld line in conjunction with the middle weld line normal orientation that designs a model
Region.
Further, in step 3, reverse goes out weld line extreme position, selects suitable test design method, orthogonal experiment
Design, latin square experiment design and uniform experiment design etc. obtain the position sample data about weld line in each endpoint
Point, group of data points are combined into different weld line shaped positions.
Further, in step 4, the optimization aim of Optimized model is stamping rear product section weld line physical location
And the maximum value of design position deviation keeps maximum position deviation minimum；Constraint condition is that stamping gross requires most
Big reduction, maximum thicken rate and meet without cracking, ridging defect requirement, wherein maximum reduction, maximum thicken rate bound and lead to
It crosses emulation and stock material performance parameter determines；Sample number strong point simulation result is fitted the multinomial of optimization aim and constraint condition
Response surface model, specific data model are as follows:
F optimization aim is the minimum value of product section weld line maximum value deviation；WiFor maximum reduction, RiMost to increase
Thick rate；ΔmaxIndicate the deviation of weld line physical location and design position after shaping；I is that serial sample point corresponds to serial number；A, b table
It is shown as guaranteeing well shaping plate reduction minimum value, maximum value without cracking；C, d is expressed as guaranteeing well shaping without corrugation plate
Material thickens rate minimum value, maximum value；
Further, in steps of 5, subtracted using Quadratic response model construction sample point design variable with target value and maximum
Thin rate, the maximum response surface model thickened between two constraint condition of rate carry out including selection, intersection and change using genetic algorithm
Different equal genetic operation, select suitable the number of iterations solve optimal result i.e. maximum position deviation minimum when corresponding design change
Amount, obtains best plate weld line shaped position combination and weld seam line position maximum deviation reaches minimum.
Further, in step 6, new plate combination substitutes into finite element emulation software, examines product section after forming
Weld line maximum position deviation and optimum results.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation process diagram of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is to extract product model weld line schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is mesh mapping method reverse plate weld line original very limited position view.
Fig. 4 is the specific method of determination schematic diagram of one or more snippets weld line.
Fig. 5 is imitative automobile door plate model reverse weld line serial sample point initial position schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is traditional approach and optimization method difference plate weld line forming simulation weld line position deviation schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 traditional approach and optimization method plate weld line simulation analysis and full-scale investigation result schematic diagram table.
Fig. 8 traditional approach and optimization method plate weld line full-scale investigation result schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment is illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific example:
Fig. 1 is the implementation process diagram of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is to extract product model weld line schematic diagram.Tailor welded components product design model will be after the processing such as hole
Total model behind supplement binder surface process complementary surface part, extracts total weld line Fig. 2 (a) including product section, and Fig. 2 (b) is weldering
Suture takes a little discrete posterior nodal point.
Fig. 3 is mesh mapping method reverse plate weld line original very limited position view.
Fig. 4 is the specific method of determination schematic diagram of one or more snippets weld line.The weld line node initial bit gone out according to reverse
It sets, two limit endpoints form an enclosed region in its initial normal orientation, require weld line number of segment true according to designing a model
Fixed different weld line shaped position.Fig. 4 (a) is reflected when designing a model and plate requirement is with single hop weld line according to grid
It penetrates reverse and goes out the weld line initial several limit node location N1, N2, N3 on plate, need in optimization process to greatest limit position
It sets and consider analysis, therefore N2, N3 two limit positions, it selects in node normal direction greatest limit point, that is, N2, N1, N2 two o'clock exist at this time
An enclosed region is formed perpendicular to normal direction and raw sheet material, the difference of end positions forms different weld line and plate combination.
It is first on plate that Fig. 4 (b) goes out weld line when designing a model and plate requirement is with multistage weld line, according to mesh mapping reverse
Begin the several limit node location N1, N2, N3, needs to be segmented consideration most extreme position.Between N1 and N2 and between N1 and N3, with
Single hop weld seam line options are similar, but must be connected by common node on intermediate N1N1` line and form the multistage for being readily produced operation weldering
Suture.
Fig. 5 is that case study on implementation imitates automobile door plate model reverse weld line initial position combination diagram.
Fig. 6 is that case study on implementation traditional approach shows with optimization method difference plate weld line forming simulation weld line position deviation
It is intended to.At identical conditions, after conventional method setting weld line plate forming simulation, product section weld line position deviation is maximum
Value is 15.22mm, and weld line position deviation maximum value is 9.63mm after optimization method determines weld line position plate forming simulation.
Fig. 7 case study on implementation traditional approach and optimization method plate weld line full-scale investigation result schematic diagram.According to two kinds of sides
Formula carries out full-scale investigation respectively, and traditional approach plate stamping rear product section weld line maximum position deviation in kind is
15.34mm, optimization method determine that weld line plate stamping rear product section weld line maximum position deviation in kind is
9.45mm。
Fig. 8 is case study on implementation traditional approach and optimization method plate weld line simulation analysis and full-scale investigation result schematic diagram
Table.
Case is implemented
Herein using weld line final position and design position maximum deviation f as optimization aim, maximum thickens rate R, most
Small reduction W is that Optimizing Process Parameters constraint condition controls good forming property in sheet forming process, with the two of weld line
Endpoint location x1, x2 are design variable to adjust weld line in the different shape position of limit area, and it is as follows to establish Optimized model:
According to material mechanical parameters and engineering practical experience it can be concluded that plate does not occur the defects of cracking corrugation
Maximum thickens the maximin of rate R, minimum reduction W.It can be true by the limit area of mesh mapping method reverse weld line
Determine the extreme position of weld line two sides.
Plate and the plate of this method optimization determination carry out shock pressure experiments in kind, corresponding technological parameter item in a conventional manner
Under part, approximate response surface model between punching press material object result optimizing target, constraint condition and variable is obtained.
According to the relationship between plate weld line location variable and optimization aim and constraint condition, the structure in MATLAB software
Build cubic response face approximate model.
Maximum weld line position deviation f response surface model:
F=-8331.8+141.4x1+24.475x2-0.711x1 2-0.42x1x2+0.0396x2 2+
0.001374x1 3-0.000359x2 3+0.000478x1 2x2+0.000886x1x2 2The coefficient of determination is 0.9535, adjustment
The coefficient of determination is 0.9085.
Maximum reduction W response surface model:
R=-2444.8+85.55x1-38.29x2-0.3574x1 2-0.3594x1x2+0.4148x2 2+
3.556x10-4x1 3+1.191x10-3x1 2x2-7.57x10-5x1x2 2-8.255x10-4x2 3The coefficient of determination 0.956 is adjusted
The whole coefficient of determination 0.9361.
Maximum thickens rate W response surface model:
W=3876.4-0.8109x1-75.11x2-0.3166x1 2+0.6678x1x2+0.1484x2 2
+0.001276x1 3-0.001876x1 2x2-0.0002697x1x2 2-2.259x10-4x2 3The coefficient of determination 0.9145 is adjusted
The whole coefficient of determination 0.9032.
It, can by the coefficient of determination and adjustment coefficient of determination numerical value it may be concluded that the fitting precision of agent model is all higher
To meet the requirement of precision of prediction.
It carries out including the genetic operation for selecting, intersecting and making a variation etc. using genetic algorithm.In this research, take population big
Small n=30 obtains final optimization pass result by loop iteration are as follows: weld line two-end-point position is x1=168.5mm, x2=
156mm, weld seam maximum amount of movement are 9.63mm, and maximum thickens rate 28.75%, maximum reduction 29.16%, it is seen that optimum results
Meet constraint condition.Technological parameter after optimization is substituted into stamping finite element software Dynaform and is calculated
9.28mm, it is seen that the precision of optimum results is relatively high.
Carry out full-scale investigation respectively in two ways, (a) traditional approach plate stamping rear product in kind in attached drawing 7
Part weld line maximum position deviation is 15.34mm, (b) determines weld line plate stamping rear product in kind for optimization method
Part weld line maximum position deviation is 9.45mm.Full-scale investigation and emulation experiment error are within 10%.Emulation experiment with
Full-scale investigation the result shows that, in process conditions such as identical pressure-pad-force, beads, part portion is lacked without cracking and corrugated forming
Under the premise of falling into, rationally arranges the shaped position of weld line in advance to determining plate, weld line actual bit can be effectively reduced
The deviation with design position is set, improves the distribution of not ipsilateral material and the more disorderly conjunction that designs a model in model, while reducing weld seam
Line position generates the risk of cracking.
In order to improve the position precision problem of not equal thick laser assembly solder plates weld line, the present invention proposes that one kind is reflected based on grid
Penetrate the not uniform thickness tailor welded weld line optimization method with genetic algorithm, it is characterised in that use following steps:
Step 1: tentatively conventionally determining plate weld line shaped position, struck out for tailor welded part
Shape simulation analysis；
Step 2: design meets the binder surface and process complementary surface of Sheet Metal Forming Technology requirement, will extend to process complementary surface and overstocks
A complete weld line on drawing work model is formed on charge level, extracts the complete weld line on drawing work model,
Mesh mapping method reverse weld line corresponding initial threshold position on plate is utilized according to the complete design weld line of extraction
It sets；
Step 3: sample number is obtained using test design method with reverse weld line extreme position and design weld line number of segment
Strong point；
Step 4: according to sample point experimental result, constructing response surface model, determine that optimization aim, constraint condition and design become
The polynomial response surface approximate function of amount；
Step 5: carrying out including the genetic operation for selecting, intersecting and making a variation etc. using genetic algorithm, solve weld line position
Set the optimal solution of Parametric optimization problem；
Step 6: tailor welded plate being obtained by weld line location parameter optimization optimal solution, substitutes into stamping finite element software
In calculated, examine the precision of optimum results.
This method welds plate by mesh mapping, Binding experiment design method response surface model by establishing simulation model
Suture shaped position carries out technique optimization method, obtains reasonable plate combination, and it is stamping rear real to improve tailor welded weld line
The precision of border position and design position provides a kind of reality so as to improve forming property for the process optimization of tailor welded weld line
Border feasibility and innovative method have practice guiding action to production.
Example provided above is only preferred embodiment of the invention, all according to the claims in the present invention and description of the invention content
Made simple equivalent changes and modifications should all belong to the range of the invention patent covering.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of not uniform thickness tailor welded weld line optimization method, it is characterised in that use following steps:
Step 1: tentatively conventionally determining plate weld line shaped position, carried out for tailor welded part stamping imitative
True analysis；
Step 2: design meets the binder surface and process complementary surface of Sheet Metal Forming Technology requirement, will extend to process complementary surface and binder surface
On form a complete weld line on drawing work model, extract the complete weld line on drawing work model, according to
The complete design weld line extracted utilizes mesh mapping method reverse weld line corresponding initial threshold position on plate；
Step 3: sample is obtained using test design method with the initial line extreme position of the weld seam of reverse and design weld line number of segment
Notebook data point；
Step 4: according to sample number strong point experimental result, constructing response surface model, determine that optimization aim, constraint condition and design become
The polynomial response surface approximate function of amount；
Step 5: carrying out including selection, intersection and the genetic operation to make a variation using genetic algorithm, solve weld line location parameter
The optimal solution of optimization problem；
Step 6: tailor welded plate being obtained by the optimal solution that weld line location parameter optimizes, is substituted into stamping finite element software
It is calculated, examines the precision of optimum results.
2. the method as described in claim 1, in step 1, according to design butt welding piece model needs, weld line plane projection position
Determining weld line shaped position and number of segment are set, simulation analysis is carried out and obtains weld line dominant bit under the premise of guaranteeing forming quality
It sets deviation while being that mesh mapping reverse makees basis.
3. the method as described in claim 1, in step 2, extract design weld line and it is discrete for dot grid mapping method it is anti-
Design weld line corresponding initial threshold position on plate is asked in conjunction with the middle weld line normal orientation that designs a model to determine weld seam
The number of segment and limit area of line.
4. the method as described in claim 1, in step 3, reverse go out weld line extreme position, suitable experimental design is selected
Method, orthogonal, latin square experiment design and uniform experiment design are obtained about weld line in the position of each endpoint
Sample number strong point is set, group of data points is combined into different weld line shaped positions.
5. the method as described in claim 1, in step 4, the optimization aim of Optimized model are stamping rear product section
The maximum value of weld line physical location and design position deviation keeps maximum position deviation minimum；Constraint condition is stamping
The maximum reduction of gross requirement, maximum thicken rate and meet without cracking, ridging defect requirement, wherein maximum reduction, maximum
Rate bound is thickened to determine by emulation and stock material performance parameter；Sample number strong point simulation result is fitted optimization aim and about
The polynomial response surface model of beam condition, specific data model are as follows:
F optimization aim is the minimum value of product section weld line maximum value deviation；WiFor maximum reduction, RiRate is thickened for maximum；
ΔmaxIndicate the deviation of weld line physical location and design position after shaping；I is that serial sample point corresponds to serial number；A, b are expressed as
Guarantee good plate reduction minimum value, maximum value of the forming without cracking；C, d is expressed as guaranteeing well shaping and increase without corrugation plate
Thick rate minimum value, maximum value.
6. the method as described in claim 1, in steps of 5, using Quadratic response model construction sample point design variable with
Target value and maximum reduction, the maximum response surface model thickened between two constraint condition of rate are included using genetic algorithm
Selection, the genetic operation for intersecting and making a variation select suitable the number of iterations to solve optimal result i.e. maximum position deviation minimum
When corresponding design variable, obtain best plate weld line shaped position combination and weld seam line position maximum deviation reach minimum.
7. the method as described in one of claim 1-6, in step 6, new plate combination substitute into finite element emulation software,
Examine product section weld line maximum position deviation and optimum results after shaping.
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| CN106844924B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2021-02-23 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for optimizing PCB microstrip line structure based on response surface method and genetic algorithm |
| CN107515978B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-08-21 | 广东工业大学 | The method of response surface model is built based on genetic algorithm and applies its system |
| CN107498181B (en) * | 2017-08-19 | 2019-07-26 | 浙江哈尔斯真空器皿股份有限公司 | Improve the method and its automatic welding device of metal thermos cups smooth welding joint degree |
| CN109145459A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-04 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | A kind of weld seam unit generation method and device |
| CN110262396A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of not equal area Bu Dengliaohou process data processing method for expecting thick product drawing die of laser assembly solder |
| CN111639406B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-08-16 | 湖南大学 | Method for optimizing shape of time sequence flanging tool knife edge |
| CN115255704A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-11-01 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Process optimization method for crack of tailor-welded joint of tailor-welded blank stamped parts with different thicknesses |
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