CN106095329A - A kind of management method of Intel SSD hard disk based on NVME interface - Google Patents
A kind of management method of Intel SSD hard disk based on NVME interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN106095329A CN106095329A CN201610369156.6A CN201610369156A CN106095329A CN 106095329 A CN106095329 A CN 106095329A CN 201610369156 A CN201610369156 A CN 201610369156A CN 106095329 A CN106095329 A CN 106095329A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0604—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0638—Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0683—Plurality of storage devices
- G06F3/0689—Disk arrays, e.g. RAID, JBOD
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of optical fibre communication method, relates to NVME interface standard technical field, the invention mainly comprises three aspects: first install device drives；The NVMe SSD user's space management instrument Nvme cli presiding over exploitation secondly based on maintainer Keith Busch carries out equipment control；Finally equipment is carried out stress test detection equipment performance and checks that smart information is to check equipment state by Nvme cli.The invention provides a series of management methods being installed to equipment Inspection from device drives, fill up technological gap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to NVME interface standard technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Intel SSD based on NVME interface hard
The management method of dish.
Background technology
NVME interface brief introduction:
In traditional storage architecture, due to the limitation of hard disk access speed, the most general SATA and SAS interface is entirely capable of
Enough meet the bandwidth demand of hard disk, and in the face of the lifting of flash memory speed hundreds of times, the bandwidth of interface just becomes the maximum bottle of I/O
Neck.It can be said that the bottleneck of storage has been transferred to interface from medium by the excellent properties of flash memory at one stroke.Formulate for PCIe interface
NVMe standard is thus arisen at the historic moment.This standard is by including that IDT, Dell, Intel, EMC, NetApp, Oracle and Cisco exist
13 interior initiation enterprises dominate, and by the cooperative development of more than 80 family's industry leading companies.NVM Express be one for use
The enterprise of PCI Express SSD and the extendible host computer control chip interface standard of normal client end system exploitation.NVMe
1.0 standards were issued before 3 years, and constantly weeded out the old and bring forth the new.This standard pin defines optimized depositor to PCIe SSD and connects
Mouth, instruction set and function collection, and provide extensive interface to realize the performance potential of SSD technology the present and the future.This allows original
Equipment manufacturers are without the multiple SSD drive of standardization, thus accelerate promoting the use of of PCIe SSD.The work of this tissue is not only
Ensure that the total synergy development of whole NVMe ecosphere, NVMe open standard has also been broken conventional PCIe flash manufacturer and has been used ridge
The industry limitation that disconnected privately owned interface causes, makes client can choose from open Eco industrial chain required, carries industry size
Rise and user cost optimization is with historically new significance.
Comparing traditional SCSI, NVMe controller can discharge the whole potentiality of flash memory, brings significant performance and carries
Rise, and be substantially reduced power consumption.Concrete advantage includes:
Performance: compare existing nand flash memory, handling capacity has the lifting of several times.
Postponing: compared with existing SCSI/SAS framework, NVMe SSD can reduce and is delayed over 50%.
The available IOPs of IOPs:NVMe PCIe SSD decuples high-end enterprise level SATA SSD.
The NVMe technology of power consumption: PMC adds the function of automatic power consumption state switching, it is not necessary to software intervention, NVMe
Controller i.e. automatically switches to power consumption state after specific idle period.Additionally, the NVMe controller of PMC additionally provides dynamic
State managing power consumption interface, it is allowed to effectively managed power consumption and performance by firmware.
Extensibility: NVMe supports that following NVM technology is developed to postpone cost reduction to the water less than a microsecond
Flat, therefore possess the expandability supporting following 10 years technology.
NVME can more and more be applied to actual production process, at present as emerging SSD hard-disk interface form future
Pin uses the Intel SSD of this interface to lack effective management means.
Summary of the invention
Based on problem above, the present invention proposes the management method of a kind of Intel SSD hard disk based on NVME interface.Carry
Supply to be installed to from device drives a series of management methods of equipment Inspection, fill up technological gap.
The present invention mainly carries out SSD management and maintenance in terms of three: first install device drives.Secondly based on
Maintainer Keith Busch presides over the NVMe SSD user's space management instrument Nvme-cli of exploitation and carries out equipment control；
Finally equipment is carried out stress test detection equipment performance and checks that smart information is to check equipment state by Nvme-cli.
Device drives is installed
Download hard drive special for SSD from Intel official website and install.Nvme-cli software is installed, decompresses it
Rear make can generate the nvme instrument of correspondence.
Use Nvme-cli equipment control
1) in accordance with NVMe agreement, NVMe equipment is divided into controller and NameSpace (namespace) two-stage, controller one-level
Being substantially carried out equipment control, the naming rule under linux is nvmeX, is defined as character device；NameSpace one-level provides one
Section LBA address space, supports storage function, and the naming rule under linux is nvmeXnY, is defined as block device.One NVMe
Equipment can have multiple controller, and supports multiple NameSpace.In use, can grasp as operation conventional bar equipment
Make nvmeXnY equipment.The sub order that nvme-cli has supported, is as the criterion with help order output during use.
Front nvme-cli supports inquiry controller, order (list, id-ctrl, id-ns, the list-of namespace information
Ctrl), NameSpace is carried out order (list-ns, create-ns, delete-ns, attach-ns, the get-of searching and managing
Ns-id), order (get-log, fw-log, smart-log, smart-log-add, the err-of all kinds of log information are inquired about
Log), obtain, arrange the order (get-feature, set-feature, format) of device characteristics, update the order of firmware
(fw-activate, fw-download) and other some equipment controles and the order of equipment I O.
Wherein conventional order includes the id-ctrl of inquiry apparatus information, id-ns, and inquiry log information acquisition apparatus is worked as
The various orders of front state, and higher level, revise according to the characteristic that business demand and Hardware Description Manual are carried out, format and consolidate
The order of part upgrading.
Owing to current NVMe equipment the most only supports a NameSpace, so the order relevant to namespace is here
Do not elaborate.
2) inquiry apparatus information
The order of inquiry apparatus information includes id-ctrl order and the inquiry namespace information inquiring about controller information
Id-ns order.The realization of the two order all sends in NVMe Admin order to equipment in accordance with NVMe agreement
Identify order.
Three kinds of output formats are all supported in the two order:
Printenv: the output that the NVMe protocol fields of standard is corresponding with hexadecimal values, and in nvme-user
Nvme_id_{ctrl | ns} output result is consistent；
--raw-binary ,-b}: the original binary data in outut device depositor；
--human-readable ,-H}: be the extension of nvme-user original hexadecimal output, except print protocol
In the value of each field, also can resolve according to this numerical value, inform the actual characteristic that subscriber equipment is supported, save according to output knot
Really vlan query protocol VLAN obtains the process of output result meaning.Recommend this pattern.
Additionally the two order also support--vendor-specific ,-v}, this parameter output NVMe agreement defined in
, field that each manufacturer specifies voluntarily.Parsing to these data needs user according to corresponding device handbook.Id-ctrl order
Id-ctrl is the order obtaining controller information, and command format is:
[nvme] id-ctrl [parameter] [controller name, nvmeX]
Conventional field meanings:
vid PCI Vendor ID
ssvid PCI Subsystem Vendor ID
sn Serial Number
mn Model Number
fr Firmware Revision
Rab Recommended Arbitration Burst (the arbitration maximum of suggestion)
Ieee IEEE OUI Identifier (numbering of IEEE)
(nvme is many for mic Controller Multi-path IO or Namespace sharing capabilities
Path, can be used to back up)
mdts Maximum Data Transfer Size
oacs Optional Admin Command Support
acl Abort Command Limit
aerl Asynchronous Event Request Limit
Frmw Firmware Updates (supports the firmware of 7 slot) altogether
Lpa Log Page Attributes (the subsidiary parameter of Get Log page order)
Elpe Error Log Page Entries (record of the order that makes mistakes)
Npss Number of Power States Support (power supply status, power saving is correlated with)
sqes Submission Queue Entry Size
cqes Completion Queue Entry SIZE
nn Number of Namespace
oncs Optional NVM command Suuport
Fuses Fused Operation Suuport (whether supporting fuse)
vwc Volatile Write Cache
awun Atomic Write Unit Normal
awupf Atomic Write Unit Power Fail
ps Power State
Id-ns order
Id-ns is the order obtaining NameSpace (namespace) information, and command format is:
[nvme] id-ns [output format parameter] [-n NameSpace numbering] [controller name, nvmeX]
Or [nvme] id-ns [output format parameter] [block device name, nvmeXnY]
Conventional field meanings:
The logic blocks total amount that nsze Namespace Size NameSpace is supported
The physics blocks total amount that ncap Namespace Capacity NameSpace is supported
Nuse Namespace Utilization logic blocks usage amount
nsfeat Namespace Features
Bits 7:1are reserved
Bits 0if set to'1'indicates supports thin provisioning
Nlbaf Number of LBA Formats optional Data and Metadata size combinations quantity
The big small mode of LBA in flbas Formatted LBA Size use
mc Metadata Capabilities
dpc End-to-end Data Protection Capabilities
dps End-to-end Data Protection Type Settings
nmic Namespace Multi-path I/O and Namespace Sharing Capabilities
rescap Reservation Capabilities
eui64IEEE Extended Unique Identifier
4) inquiry log information
The order of inquiry log information comprises can be inquired about user and specify the get-log order of log page, and inquires about respectively
The order of specific log page of Error, Firmware, Smart etc..Perform these order time all can add parameter--raw-
Binary ,-b} obtain the initial data of binary form.The realization of these query functions is all by sending to equipment
Get Log Page order in NVMe Admin order.
NVMe agreement (v1.2) defines log page of a series of storing device information, and they pass through Log Identifier
Carry out labelling.Wherein Error-log (01h), Smart-log (02h) and Firmware-log (03h) are to force hardware vendor necessary
Support.Other fields or reservation (Reserved), or allow manufacturer to realize the specific log page of (Vendor of oneself product
Specific)。
The log page number of Vendor specific can be understood by the handbook of inquiry corresponding product and each field contains
Justice.As the P3600 of Intel the most additionally support CAh, C5h and DDh tri-log page (Product Specification,
Revision 004,October 2014)。
Get-log order
Get-log inquires about a user specifying order space (Namespace) and specifies log page, and returns user's appointment
The log content of length.
Owing to the command format of get-log is complicated, and output readability is poor, at inquiry Error, Smart and Firmware
During log page, do not recommend this order.Command format is as follows:
[nvme] get-log [-b] [-n NameSpace] [-l length] [-i journal number] [controller name, nvmeX]
Note, when using get-log to obtain the Smart information specifying order space, InvalidField may be returned
Mistake.According to NVMe agreement, controller can not support that user inquires about the Smart information of specific NameSpace, and user is permissible
The Smart information of whole equipment is inquired about by Namepace ID being set to FFFFFFFFh.Refer to NVMe agreement id-ctrl
Lpa (Log Page Attributes) field in structure.
Fw-log order
The fw-log inquiry Firmware Slots information of current device and be being currently used and will use
The Slots at Firmware place.Command format is as follows:
[nvme] fw-log [-b] [controller name, nvmeX]
Smart-log order
Smart-log can inquire about the Smart daily record of whole equipment, it is also possible to by specifying Namespace ID to inquire about
The Smart information of certain particular namespaces.Command format is as follows:
[nvme] smart-log [-b] [-n NameSpace] [controller name, nvmeX]
Critical Warning equipment alarm
Composite Temperature controller and the mixing temperature of NameSpace
Available Spare remaining spare space percentage ratio (i.e. OP)
The threshold value of Available Spare Threshold residue spare space
Percentage Used service life
The data volume that Data Units Read host side is read, in units of 512bytes
The data volume that Data Units Write host side is write, in units of 512bytes
The read operation sum that Host Read Commands controller completes
The write operation sum that Host Write Commands controller completes
Controllor Busy Time controller is busy with processing the number of times of I/O command
Power Cycles restarts number of times
Power On Hours runs the time, does not comprise the low power state time
The number of times of CC.SHN it is not provided with before electricity under Unsafe Shutdowns equipment
There is the number of times of the data consistency error that cannot repair in Media and Data Intehrity Erorrs
The Error Information of Number of Error Information Log Entries controller record
The sum of log item
Smart-log-add order
Smart-log-add inquires about CAh page, obtains additional Smart information.Noting, this log page belongs to Vendor
Specific, not all equipment is all supported, is please as the criterion with Hardware Description Manual.Command format is as follows:
[nvme] smart-log-add [-b] [-n NameSpace] [controller name, nvmeX]
Program Fail Count writes the frequency of failure
Erase Fail Count wipes the frequency of failure
The erasable number of times of Wear Leveling Count medium
End to End Error Detection Count data validity protection errors number
CRC Error Count crc error number of times
Timed Workload,Media Wear
Timed Workload, Host Reads%
Timed Workload,Timer
Thermal Throttle Status
Error-log order
Error-log inquires about the error log specified number.The nearest error log that one controller can store simultaneously
Number depends on the elpe field (Error Log Page Entries) in id-ctrl.When specifying Namespace, return spy
Determine the error log item of NameSpace, otherwise return the error log item in all order spaces.Command format is as follows:
[nvme] smart-log-add [-b] [-n NameSpace] [-e error items] [controller name, nvmeX] Error
Count mistake is numbered, 64-bit incrementing
The SQ numbering of Submission Queue ID erroneous association
Command ID order is numbered
Status Field mode bit
Parameter Error Location errors present
LBA mistake place LBA
Namespace NameSpace is numbered
The faulty page numbering of Vendor Specific Information Available Vendor Specific
Hard disk pressurizes
The SSD of NVME interface is carried out stress test, selects Linux to carry DD order and hard disk is pressurizeed, test one
Disk state is checked after the section time.
The invention provides the SSD equipment state inspection method of NVME interface, and provide relevant method of testing.Fill up
Blank testing.
Detailed description of the invention
Below present disclosure is carried out more detailed elaboration:
1) install and restart system after device drives and check facility information:
Fdisk l order checks that all of hard disk information this example SSD hard disk serial number is nvme0nvme0n1
2) hard disk information is checked
Check version information ./nvme fw-log/dev/nvme0
Check smart information ./nvme smart-log/dev/nvme0
./nvme smart-log-add/dev/nvme0
The Power On Hours operation time may determine that SSD uses the time
3) hard disk pressurization
Dd if=/dev/nvme0n1of=/dev/null
Check that smart daily record emphasis checks that error information mainly has after running a period of time:
Critical Warning equipment alarm
Composite Temperature controller and the mixing temperature of NameSpace
The data volume that Data Units Read host side is read, in units of 512bytes
The data volume that Data Units Write host side is write, in units of 512bytes
The read operation sum that Host Read Commands controller completes
The write operation sum that Host Write Commands controller completes
Controllor Busy Time controller is busy with processing the number of times of I/O command
Power Cycles restarts number of times
Power On Hours runs the time, does not comprise the low power state time
There is the number of times of the data consistency error that cannot repair in Media and Data Intehrity Erorrs
Program Fail Count writes the frequency of failure
Erase Fail Count wipes the frequency of failure
The erasable number of times of Wear Leveling Count medium
End to End Error Detection Count data validity protection errors number
CRC Error Count crc error number of times
Especially CRC Error Count reports an error number of times, can be as the standard judging equipment state.
Claims (3)
1. the management method of an Intel SSD hard disk based on NVME interface, it is characterised in that
Mainly include three aspects:
First device drives is installed；
The NVMe SSD user's space management instrument Nvme-cli of exploitation is presided over secondly based on maintainer Keith Busch
Carry out equipment control；
Finally equipment is carried out stress test detection equipment performance and checks that smart information is to check equipment shape by Nvme-cli
State.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
1) device drives is installed
Download hard drive special for SSD from Intel official website and install；Nvme-cli software is installed, after decompression
Make can generate the nvme instrument of correspondence；
2) Nvme-cli equipment control is used
2.1) in accordance with NVMe agreement, NVMe equipment is divided into controller and NameSpace two-stage, and controller one-level is substantially carried out equipment
Management, the naming rule under linux is nvmeX, is defined as character device；NameSpace one-level provides one section of LBA address empty
Between, support storage function, the naming rule under linux is nvmeXnY, is defined as block device.
2.2) inquiry apparatus information
The order of inquiry apparatus information includes id-ctrl order and the id-of inquiry namespace information inquiring about controller information
Ns order；Three kinds of output formats are all supported in the two order:
Printenv: the output that the NVMe protocol fields of standard is corresponding with hexadecimal values, with the nvme_id_ in nvme-user
Ctrl | ns} output result is consistent.
2.3) inquiry log information
The order of inquiry log information comprises can be inquired about user and specify the get-log order of log page, and inquires about respectively
The order of Error, Firmware, Smart；Perform these order time all can add parameter--raw-binary ,-b} obtain
Take the initial data of binary form；The realization of these query functions is all by sending in NVMe Admin order to equipment
Get Log Page order.
3) hard disk pressurization
The SSD of NVME interface is carried out stress test, selects Linux to carry DD order and hard disk is pressurizeed, when testing one section
Disk state is checked after between.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
--raw-binary ,-b}: the original binary data in outut device depositor；
--human-readable ,-H}: be the extension of nvme-user original hexadecimal output, except each in print protocol
The value of field, also can resolve according to this numerical value, inform the actual characteristic that subscriber equipment is supported, saves and looks into according to output result
Ask agreement and obtain the process of output result meaning；
Additionally the two order also support--vendor-specific ,-v}.
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| CN107704348A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-16 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of system and method based on SMART automatic detection hard disks |
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