CN106094034B - One kind is based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road - Google Patents
One kind is based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road Download PDFInfo
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- CN106094034B CN106094034B CN201610392682.4A CN201610392682A CN106094034B CN 106094034 B CN106094034 B CN 106094034B CN 201610392682 A CN201610392682 A CN 201610392682A CN 106094034 B CN106094034 B CN 106094034B
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/362—Effecting static or dynamic corrections; Stacking
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Abstract
Comprised the following steps the invention discloses one kind based on TEC time error correction method, this method between surface-level model driving road：Determine preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface；Preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface is arrived into stripping under earth's surface, calculated from earth's surface to the time difference between the road preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface；Land used meter calculates small even surface, and the part for being higher by small even surface is peelled off, and the part less than small even surface is filled with near-surface velocity；Speed between small even surface and preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface is carried out smooth；Residual quantity when being backfilled to the small even surface of earth's surface with the speed after smooth from preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface, then fixed datum is backfilled to replacement velocity, and calculating between the road of fixed datum；Residual quantity during using between preliminary wave calculating high frequency residue road；Small even surface is arrived into stripping under fixed datum in units of CMP.The present invention solves the matching problem of trace gather and shallow-layer speed, for shallow mid-deep strata integration velocity modeling provide corresponding to trace gather data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to time difference static correction technology, more particularly to a kind of side that TEC time error correction between road is driven based on surface-level model
Method.
Background technology
The TEC time error correction as caused by the inhomogeneities of top layer is called static correction.Static correction only solves the problems, such as to distort during travelling,
Purpose is to reach lineups alignment when being superimposed.The theoretical assumed condition of geometric seismology is ground level, earth's surface homogeneous media,
And during field inspection, top layer factor and assumed condition are not consistent.
Near surface complexity is to cause the basic reason of mountain front complication, complicated earth surface area, surface elevation change
Time difference drastic change, earth's surface high-speed layer exposure destroy earth's surface-consistent and assumed so that handling, be quiet based on stationary plane between causing greatly
The conventional treatment method of correction and velocity estimation have impact on imaging precision to a certain extent, therefore establish from shallow to deep one
Precise imaging under complex near surface conditionss can significantly be solved the problems, such as by changing rate pattern combination relief surface depth migration.
Generally, shallow velocity model corresponding to trace gather is replacement velocity after conventional static correction, is not met with real shallow velocity model,
During depth migration, certain imaging deviation can be caused, secondly trace gather speed mould integrated with shallow middle depth after static correction
Type simultaneously mismatches.The time difference is as caused by surface relief and shallow-layer lateral variation in velocity between road, is divided into high frequency content and low frequency amount
Two parts, this is corresponding with the disturbance of the low-and high-frequency of earth's surface and speed, and low frequency component is by top layer factor (mainly weathering zone)
In a wide range of caused by the change of (at least above one spread length), high fdrequency component is (mainly low by top layer factor
Speed belt) caused by localized variation and observation error, the time difference be in an arrangement or in CMP (CMP) trace gather with
What machine occurred, itself and level off to zero.For the time difference between high channel, between taking surface-level model driving road the time difference be corrected for, for
The time difference between low channel, corrected in depth migration.
The content of the invention
Matched the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind by trace gather and shallow-layer speed to establish accurately
Rate pattern based on surface-level model drive road between TEC time error correction method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
One kind is comprised the following steps based on TEC time error correction method, this method between surface-level model driving road：Determine that preliminary wave is anti-
Drill speed bottom interface；Preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface is arrived into stripping under earth's surface, calculated from earth's surface to preliminary wave inversion speed bottom circle
The time difference between road between face；Small even surface is calculated with actual landform, the part for being higher by small even surface is peelled off, less than small even surface
Filled with near-surface velocity part；Speed between small even surface and preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface is carried out smooth；From first
The small even surface of earth's surface is backfilled to the speed after smooth to ripple inversion speed bottom interface, then fixed base is backfilled to replacement velocity
Quasi- face, and residual quantity when calculating between the road of fixed datum；Residual quantity during using between preliminary wave calculating high frequency residue road；With CMP
Small even surface is arrived into stripping under fixed datum for unit.
Compared with prior art, the advantages of technical solution of the present invention is main is as follows：
1) compared with existing static correcting method, method of the invention solves the matching problem of trace gather and shallow-layer speed, is
Trace gather data corresponding to shallow mid-deep strata integration velocity modeling offer；
2) method of the invention can improve the precision of migration imaging；
3) method of the invention can be applied not only to the flat exploratory area of landform, and can be applied near surface landform and rise
Lie prostrate violent complex prospecting area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart based on the method for TEC time error correction between surface-level model driving road described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram based on the method for TEC time error correction between surface-level model driving road described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is further described to the content of the invention of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the method based on TEC time error correction between surface-level model driving road described in the embodiment of the present invention is included such as
Lower step：
Step S1, preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 1 is determined, as shown in Figure 2.Detailed process is：Determine low velocity layer (LVL) bottom circle
Face 2, the preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 1 with radiographic density interface 3, therebetween access speed cross directional variations stabilization.Its
In, low velocity layer (LVL) bottom interface 2 is determined by replacement velocity, and replacement velocity is that each work area is fixed.Wherein, radiographic density interface 3 is
What is passed through in each grid penetrates the laterally stable interface of number of lines.During shallow deep layer speed fusion, speed is needed in fusion transition region
It is relatively stable, strengthen the stability of rate pattern.
Step S2,4 times strippings of earth's surface and the corresponding time difference calculate.Detailed process is：Preliminary wave inversion speed is arrived into 4 times strippings of earth's surface
Bottom interface 1, calculates the time difference Tu that earth's surface 4 is arrived between preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 1, and calculation formula is as follows：
Tu=H1/V1 (1)
Wherein, H1The thickness of preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 1, V are arrived for earth's surface 41For the shallow-layer speed of preliminary wave inverting.
Step S3, small even surface 5 is calculated with earth's surface 4, the part for being higher by small even surface 5 is peelled off, less than the portion of small even surface 5
Divide and filled with near-surface velocity.Earth's surface 4 is carried out smoothly, to utilize static correction is calculated for the near-surface velocity on top with small even surface 5
Amount.
Step S4, rate pattern is smooth, and detailed process is：During in order to solve between the road as caused by speed small dimensional variation
Difference, and solve the problems, such as the velocity resolution difference that preliminary wave comes with back wave inverting sizing grid different band, will be small smooth
Speed between face 5 and preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface carries out smoothly, choosing suitable smooth length, directly carries out smoothly,
The selection of smooth length needs Experimental comparison.Appropriate smooth, release rate laterally mutation production has been carried out to superficial interval velocity model
Raw burr phenomena, make speed trend change more reasonable reliable, the degree of model smoothing should pertain only to the time difference between high channel, and
Residual quantity when not correcting between the road of low frequency.
Step S5：Backfill time difference amount to calculate, detailed process is：From speed of the use of preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 1 after smooth
Degree is backfilled to the small even surface 5 of earth's surface, then is backfilled to fixed datum 6 with replacement velocity, and calculates from preliminary wave inversion speed
The when residual quantity Td that bottom interface 1 is arrived between fixed datum 6, calculation formula are as follows：
Td=H2/V2+H3/Vr(2),
Wherein, H2The thickness of small even surface 5, V are arrived for preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 12For the shallow-layer speed after smooth,
H3The thickness of fixed datum 6, V are arrived for small even surface 5rFor replacement velocity.Then calculate earth's surface 4 and arrive preliminary wave inversion speed bottom
Interface 1 and then residual quantity T during from preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface 1 between the road fixed datum 6, calculation formula are as follows：
T=Tu-Td (3),
What formula (3) obtained above be P points fixed datum 6 between when residual quantity, as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, each work area
There is fixed replacement velocity, there is fixed fixed datum in each work area.
Step S6, preliminary wave residual static correction, detailed process are：Residual quantity during using between preliminary wave calculating high frequency residue road；
Step S7, residual quantity application during earth's surface even surface, detailed process are：It is that unit will be fixed with CMP points (CMP)
Residual quantity T when the small even surface 5 of small even surface 5, i.e. calculating earth's surface is arrived in 6 times strippings of reference plane, calculation formula are as follows：
T=Ts+Tr-2H4/Vr(4),
Above formula (4) be for the time difference between the final road of any CMP points (CMP), wherein, TsWhen between shot point road
Difference, TrThe time difference between geophone station road, H4The distance of fixed datum, V are arrived for CMP points (CMP)rFor replacement velocity, Tu is
Earth's surface is to the time difference between preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface.Residual quantity when formula (4) just comprises only between the road of high frequency afterwards, that is,
Datum static correction is converted to the TEC time error correction amount between high channel that comprises only.
The method of the present invention can substantially reduce calculation error, solve the shallow mid-deep strata integration velocity modeling of complex prospecting area
The matching problem of middle trace gather and rate pattern, improve the precision of imaging.
The present invention was once used in Tianshan Mountains Nian Yangxia work areas integration velocity modeling and engineering construction system project, Ya Ken
North-Yang Xia is located at Tianshan Mountains southern foot, be under the jurisdiction of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions Ba Zhou Luntai Counties, 314 national highways and South Sinkiang Railway from east to
Whole work area is crossed in west, near surface complicated condition, conventional depth migration imaging, is all to use the speed obtained based on back wave
Model, not using the near-surface velocity model of more accurately preliminary wave tomographic inversion.Secondly trace gather pair after conventional static correction
The shallow-layer speed answered is replacement velocity, by the application present invention, calculates high channel set time difference amount, trace gather and shallow-layer after correction
The trace gather of rate pattern can match completely.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
Determine preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1)；
Preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1) is arrived into stripping under earth's surface (4), calculated from earth's surface (4) to preliminary wave inversion speed bottom circle
The time difference between road between face (1)；
Small even surface (5) is calculated with earth's surface (4), the part for being higher by small even surface (5) is peelled off, less than the part of small even surface (5)
Filled with near-surface velocity；
Speed between small even surface (5) and preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1) is carried out smooth；
The small even surface (5) of earth's surface is backfilled to the speed after smooth from preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1), then to replace speed
Degree is backfilled to fixed datum (6), and residual quantity when calculating between the road of fixed datum (6)；
Residual quantity during using between preliminary wave calculating high frequency residue road；
Small even surface (5) is arrived into stripping under fixed datum (6) in units of CMP.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road, it is characterised in that determine preliminary wave
Inversion speed bottom interface further comprises：Low velocity layer (LVL) bottom interface (2) is determined, with radiographic density interface (3), is chosen therebetween
The stable preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1) of lateral variation in velocity.
3. as claimed in claim 1 based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road, it is characterised in that earth's surface (4) arrives
Time difference Tu=H between preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1)1/V1
Wherein, H1The thickness of preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1), V are arrived for earth's surface (4)1For the shallow-layer speed of preliminary wave inverting.
4. as claimed in claim 1 based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road, it is characterised in that fixed datum
Road between when residual quantity T=Tu-H2/V2-H3/Vr
Wherein, H2The thickness of small even surface (5), V are arrived for preliminary wave inversion speed bottom interface (1)2For the shallow-layer speed after smooth,
H3The thickness of fixed datum (6), V are arrived for small even surface (5)rFor replacement velocity, Tu is earth's surface to preliminary wave inversion speed bottom circle
The time difference between face.
5. as claimed in claim 1 based on TEC time error correction method between surface-level model driving road, it is characterised in that with CMP
Stripping under fixed datum (6) to small even surface (5) is further comprised calculating the final road for any CMP for unit
Between time difference T=Ts+Tr-2H4/Vr
Wherein, TsThe time difference between shot point road, TrThe time difference between geophone station road, H4For CMP to fixed datum (6) away from
From VrFor replacement velocity.
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2016
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| US6757616B1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-06-29 | Charles Wayne Emmons | Model-free refraction statics solution |
| CN102778691A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for calculating statics correction time difference in detector group |
| CN104422963A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Variable-offset VSP data time difference correction method |
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