CN106093683A - Heater broken wire detection system and wire break detection method - Google Patents
Heater broken wire detection system and wire break detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及加热器断线检测系统以及断线检测方法，检测系统包括至少一个检测单元，检测单元包括三个加热器，三相交流电中的每一相均通过对应的一个加热器连接到一个连接点，连接点通过连接线路连接零线；检测单元还包括用于检测连接线路上的不平衡电流的电流测量装置。当主动切断加热器时，电流叠加值为零，电流检测和判断模块不会误报断线信号，所以，此方式能够解决自动控制加热器投入或切断时误报断线信号的问题。同时，可使用较少元器件监测更多的加热器。
The invention relates to a heater disconnection detection system and a disconnection detection method. The detection system includes at least one detection unit, and the detection unit includes three heaters. Each phase of the three-phase alternating current is connected to a connection through a corresponding heater. The connection point is connected to the neutral line through the connection line; the detection unit also includes a current measurement device for detecting the unbalanced current on the connection line. When the heater is actively cut off, the current superposition value is zero, and the current detection and judgment module will not falsely report a disconnection signal. Therefore, this method can solve the problem of falsely reporting a disconnection signal when the heater is automatically controlled to be turned on or off. At the same time, more heaters can be monitored with fewer components.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及加热器断线监测领域，具体涉及加热器断线检测系统以及断线检测方法。The invention relates to the field of heater disconnection monitoring, in particular to a heater disconnection detection system and a disconnection detection method.
背景技术Background technique
不管家庭中使用的加热器还是工厂中使用的加热器，供电电源均为交流电，单相交流电对其进行供电，所以，通过检测供电线路上的电流数值能够获取加热器是否断线的信息。Regardless of the heater used in the home or the heater used in the factory, the power supply is AC, and the single-phase AC powers it. Therefore, the information of whether the heater is disconnected can be obtained by detecting the current value on the power supply line.
目前常用的加热器断线检测方法为欠电流检测，利用的原理是：当加热器供电正常时，供电线路上存在着一定的电流；当加热器供电线路断开时，即加热器断线时，供电线路上的电流十分小或者就没有电流。所以，在进行加热器断线检测时，首先检测加热器的供电线路上的电流，若低于正常值一定幅度，即判断该加热器断线，或者判断该加热器损坏。这种方式能够在一定程度上检测出加热器是否断线，但是，如果不再使用加热器而主动切断加热器的供电线路时，由于供电线路上同样不存在电流，那么，基于上述欠电流检测方式的检测装置就会发出加热器断线信息，造成误判。At present, the commonly used heater disconnection detection method is undercurrent detection. The principle used is: when the heater power supply is normal, there is a certain current on the power supply line; when the heater power supply line is disconnected, that is, when the heater is disconnected , the current on the power supply line is very small or there is no current. Therefore, when detecting the disconnection of the heater, the current on the power supply line of the heater is firstly detected, and if it is lower than the normal value by a certain range, it is judged that the heater is disconnected or the heater is damaged. This method can detect whether the heater is disconnected to a certain extent. However, if the heater is no longer used and the power supply line of the heater is actively cut off, since there is no current on the power supply line, then, based on the above-mentioned undercurrent detection The detection device of the mode will send out the heater disconnection information, resulting in misjudgment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种加热器断线检测系统，用以解决现有的检测装置在加热器主动切断供电线路时会出现误判的问题。本发明同时提供一种加热器断线检测方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a heater disconnection detection system to solve the problem of misjudgment when the heater actively cuts off the power supply line in the existing detection device. The invention also provides a heater disconnection detection method.
为实现上述目的，本发明的方案包括一种加热器断线检测系统，包括至少一个检测单元，所述检测单元包括三个加热器，三相交流电中的每一相均通过对应的一个加热器连接到同一个连接点，所述连接点通过连接线路连接零线；所述检测单元还包括用于检测所述连接线路上的不平衡电流、并根据不平衡电流进行断线判断的电流测量装置。To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention includes a heater disconnection detection system, including at least one detection unit, the detection unit includes three heaters, and each phase of the three-phase alternating current passes through a corresponding heater connected to the same connection point, the connection point is connected to the neutral line through the connection line; the detection unit also includes a current measuring device for detecting the unbalanced current on the connection line and making a disconnection judgment according to the unbalanced current .
所述检测单元还包括信号输出装置，所述电流测量装置输出连接所述信号输出装置，用于在测量结果超过一设定的比较阈值时输出告警信号。The detection unit also includes a signal output device, the output of the current measurement device is connected to the signal output device, and is used for outputting an alarm signal when the measurement result exceeds a set comparison threshold.
所述检测单元还包括串设在所述连接线路上的控制开关，所述电流测量装置控制连接所述控制开关，用于在测量结果超过一设定的比较阈值时控制断开所述控制开关。The detection unit further includes a control switch serially arranged on the connection line, the current measurement device controls the connection of the control switch, and is used to control the disconnection of the control switch when the measurement result exceeds a set comparison threshold .
所述电流测量装置为一个继电器的线圈部分，所述控制开关为所述继电器的触点。The current measuring device is a coil portion of a relay, and the control switch is a contact of the relay.
所述检测系统包括三个所述检测单元。The detection system includes three detection units.
一种基于上述加热器断线检测系统的加热器断线检测方法，首先，检测连接线路上的电流，得到相应的电流值，然后，比较所述电流值与预先设定的比较阈值的大小，当所述电流值小于所述比较阈值时，判定对应检测单元中的加热器没有断线；当所述电流值大于所述比较阈值时，判定对应检测单元中的加热器出现断线情况。A heater disconnection detection method based on the above-mentioned heater disconnection detection system, firstly, detecting the current on the connection line to obtain a corresponding current value, and then comparing the current value with a preset comparison threshold, When the current value is less than the comparison threshold, it is determined that the heater in the corresponding detection unit is not disconnected; when the current value is greater than the comparison threshold, it is determined that the heater in the corresponding detection unit is disconnected.
当所述电流值大于所述比较阈值时，信号输出装置输出告警信号。When the current value is greater than the comparison threshold, the signal output device outputs an alarm signal.
当所述电流值大于所述比较阈值时，延时设定时间后，信号输出装置输出告警信号。When the current value is greater than the comparison threshold, the signal output device outputs an alarm signal after a delay of a set time.
当所述电流值大于所述比较阈值时，控制断开控制开关。When the current value is greater than the comparison threshold, the control switch is turned off.
当所述电流值大于所述比较阈值时，延时设定时间后，控制断开控制开关。When the current value is greater than the comparison threshold, the control switch is controlled to be turned off after a set time delay.
本发明提供的加热器断线检测系统包括至少一个检测单元，每个检测单元为一个独立的检测设备，每个检测单元能够对一组加热器进行检测，所以，该检测装置能够根据实际需要来增加或者减少检测设备，满足检测的灵活性，并且，当设置多个检测单元时，能够对多组加热器进行检测，提升了检测的效率。The heater disconnection detection system provided by the present invention includes at least one detection unit, each detection unit is an independent detection device, and each detection unit can detect a group of heaters, so the detection device can be used according to actual needs. Increase or decrease the detection equipment to meet the flexibility of detection, and when multiple detection units are set, multiple sets of heaters can be detected, which improves the detection efficiency.
而且，对于任意一个检测单元，三相交流电中的每一相均通过对应的一个加热器连接到同一个连接点，该连接点通过连接线路连接零线，使用电流测量装置检测该连接线路上的不平衡电流，检测的是三个加热器供电电流的叠加值，所以，如果三个加热器均正常工作，没有断线时，电流叠加值为零或者为微小值，得到三个加热器正常工作的结论；如果三个加热器状态不一致时，例如一相或两相出现断线时，电流叠加值具有一定数值，得到有加热器断线的结论。所以，通过这种方式能够检测加热器是否断线。Moreover, for any detection unit, each phase of the three-phase alternating current is connected to the same connection point through a corresponding heater, the connection point is connected to the neutral line through the connection line, and the current measuring device is used to detect the voltage on the connection line. The unbalanced current detects the superimposed value of the power supply current of the three heaters. Therefore, if the three heaters are working normally and there is no disconnection, the current superimposed value is zero or a small value, and the three heaters are working normally. conclusion; if the states of the three heaters are inconsistent, for example, when one phase or two phases are disconnected, the current superposition value has a certain value, and it is concluded that there is a heater disconnection. Therefore, whether or not the heater is disconnected can be detected in this way.
最重要的是，当主动切断加热器时，电流叠加值为零，电流测量装置不会误报断线，所以，此方式能够解决自动控制加热器切断时不会误报断线的问题。The most important thing is that when the heater is actively cut off, the current superposition value is zero, and the current measuring device will not falsely report disconnection. Therefore, this method can solve the problem that the automatic control heater will not falsely report disconnection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是加热器断线检测系统结构原理示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the heater disconnection detection system;
图2是加热器断线检测装置电路原理示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the heater disconnection detection device.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
加热器断线检测系统包括加热器断线检测装置以及相应的加热器，即将加热器对应安装在检测装置中就构成了该检测系统，所以，以下对该检测装置进行详细说明。The heater disconnection detection system includes a heater disconnection detection device and a corresponding heater, that is, the heater is correspondingly installed in the detection device to constitute the detection system, so the detection device will be described in detail below.
加热器断线检测装置包括至少一个检测单元，每个检测单元为一个单独的检测部分，检测单元之间互不影响，检测单元的个数是可以根据实际需求进行设定的，为了便于说明，本实施例以三个检测单元为例，如图1所示。The heater disconnection detection device includes at least one detection unit. Each detection unit is a separate detection part. The detection units do not affect each other. The number of detection units can be set according to actual needs. For the convenience of description, This embodiment takes three detection units as an example, as shown in FIG. 1 .
如图1所示，加热器断线检测装置包括三个检测单元，这三个检测单元的结构相同，所以，本实施例以第一个检测单元为例进行说明。As shown in FIG. 1 , the heater disconnection detection device includes three detection units, and the three detection units have the same structure, so this embodiment takes the first detection unit as an example for description.
如图2所示，该检测单元包括三对连接端口，第一对为A1和A2，第二对为B1和B2，第三对为C1和C2，这三对连接端口均用于连接加热器的供电端，所以，一个检测单元能够接入三个加热器，A1和A2连接第一个加热器，B1和B2连接第二个加热器，C1和C2连接第三个加热器。As shown in Figure 2, the detection unit includes three pairs of connection ports, the first pair is A1 and A2, the second pair is B1 and B2, the third pair is C1 and C2, and these three pairs of connection ports are used to connect the heater Therefore, one detection unit can be connected to three heaters, A1 and A2 are connected to the first heater, B1 and B2 are connected to the second heater, and C1 and C2 are connected to the third heater.
三相交流电中的A相连接端口A1，端口A2连接公共连接点M；同样地，三相交流电中的B相连接端口B1，端口B2连接公共连接点M；三相交流电中的C相连接端口C1，端口C2连接公共连接点M，公共连接点M通过连接线路连接零线。所以，通过将三个加热器对应接入到相应的连接端口上，能够实现为三个加热器供电。Phase A in the three-phase AC is connected to port A1, and port A2 is connected to the common connection point M; similarly, phase B in the three-phase AC is connected to port B1, and port B2 is connected to the common connection point M; phase C in the three-phase AC is connected to the port C1 and port C2 are connected to the public connection point M, and the public connection point M is connected to the neutral line through the connection line. Therefore, by correspondingly connecting the three heaters to corresponding connection ports, power supply for the three heaters can be implemented.
该检测单元还包括电流测量装置，以及信号输出装置。电流测量装置可以为一个整体设备，比如能够进行数据处理的电子式互感器，还可以是由几个组成部分连接而成的结构，比如由电流检测部分和数据处理部分构成，数据处理部分采样连接电流检测部分。电流检测部分用于检测公共连接点M与零线之间的连接线路上的电流，数据处理部分用于根据检测的电流进行断线判断。其中，电流检测部分可以为电流互感器等设备，数据处理部分可以为控制芯片等设备；信号输出装置为能够输出相关信号的设备，比如报警器。The detection unit also includes a current measuring device, and a signal output device. The current measurement device can be a whole device, such as an electronic transformer capable of data processing, or it can be a structure composed of several components connected, such as a current detection part and a data processing part, and the data processing part is connected to the sample current detection section. The current detection part is used to detect the current on the connection line between the common connection point M and the neutral line, and the data processing part is used to judge the disconnection according to the detected current. Wherein, the current detection part can be a device such as a current transformer, and the data processing part can be a device such as a control chip; the signal output device is a device capable of outputting relevant signals, such as an alarm.
根据上述接线方式，流经电流检测部分的是三相加热器供电电流的叠加值IABC。According to the above connection method, what flows through the current detection part is the superimposed value I ABC of the supply current of the three-phase heater.
该电流测量装置的工作思路是检测连接线路上的不平衡电流，根据检测出的电流来进行断线判断，工作原理为：当三个加热器供电均正常时，即均没有断线情况发生时，三个加热器状态一致，由于通常情况下三个加热器的功率相同或者相近，那么，连接线路上的三个电流的叠加值IABC为零或者为微小值，该微小值可能由三相四线制交流电源或三相加热器功率(阻值)的误差导致；当这三个加热器状态不一致时，例如出现其中一个加热器或者两个加热器的供电线路断线时，连接线路上的三个电流的叠加值IABC＝其中一相加热器电流正常加热时的电流I1(有效值)。所以，在数据处理部分中设置一个比较阈值，当三个加热器供电均正常时，即均没有断线情况发生时，叠加值IABC小于该比较阈值；当三个加热器中出现断线情况时，叠加值IABC就大于该比较阈值。通过比较实际的电流叠加值与比较阈值的大小实现断线的检测。The working idea of the current measuring device is to detect the unbalanced current on the connection line, and judge the disconnection according to the detected current. The working principle is: when the power supply of the three heaters is normal, that is, when no disconnection occurs , the three heaters are in the same state. Since the power of the three heaters is usually the same or similar, then the superimposed value I ABC of the three currents on the connection line is zero or a small value, which may be caused by the three-phase The error of the four-wire AC power supply or the power (resistance value) of the three-phase heater is caused; when the states of the three heaters are inconsistent, for example, when the power supply line of one of the heaters or two heaters is disconnected, the connecting line The superposition value I ABC of the three currents = the current I 1 (effective value) when the heater current of one phase is heating normally. Therefore, a comparison threshold is set in the data processing part. When the power supplies of the three heaters are all normal, that is, when no disconnection occurs, the superimposed value I ABC is less than the comparison threshold; when a disconnection occurs in the three heaters , the superposition value I ABC is greater than the comparison threshold. The disconnection detection is realized by comparing the actual current superposition value with the comparison threshold.
当检测出的电流叠加值大于比较阈值时，数据处理部分判断为断线，并向信号输出装置输出相应的信号，信号输出装置发出告警信号，通知工作人员有加热器出现了断线故障。When the detected current superimposed value is greater than the comparison threshold, the data processing part judges that it is disconnected, and outputs a corresponding signal to the signal output device, and the signal output device sends an alarm signal to notify the staff that there is a disconnection fault in the heater.
另外，为了削除加热器投入或切断瞬间可能产生的误报信号，在判断策略中设置一个延时时间值。当判断为断线时，延时上述设定的延时时间值后，数据处理部分控制信号输出装置输出告警信号。In addition, in order to eliminate the false alarm signal that may be generated at the instant when the heater is switched on or off, a delay time value is set in the judgment strategy. When it is judged to be disconnected, after the delay time value set above is delayed, the data processing part controls the signal output device to output an alarm signal.
如果该检测单元中接入的三个加热器同时发生断线(损坏)，则该检测单元将无法判断断线情况。但由于各个加热器是否发生断线(损坏)的事件是独立的，根据概率理论，该检测单元中接入的三个加热器同时损坏的概率PABC＝PA×PB×PC(PA，PB，PC分别为其中一个加热器损坏的概率)，所以PABC非常微小，工程实用时可以忽略不计。If the three heaters connected to the detection unit are disconnected (damaged) at the same time, the detection unit will not be able to judge the disconnection situation. However, since the events of whether each heater is disconnected (damaged) are independent, according to the probability theory, the probability that the three heaters connected to the detection unit are damaged at the same time P ABC = P A × P B × P C (P A , P B , P C are respectively the probability of damage to one of the heaters), so P ABC is very small and can be ignored in practical engineering.
另外，当主动切断加热器时，比如不再使用加热器了，采用同时切断这三个加热器的方式(或直接切断交流电源)，此时IABC为零，电流检测部分由于检测到的电流IABC小于动作值(比较阈值)，所以，数据处理部分不会误报断线信息。因此该方式能够解决当主动切断加热器时误报断线信息的问题。In addition, when the heater is actively cut off, for example, if the heater is no longer used, the method of cutting off the three heaters at the same time (or directly cutting off the AC power supply), at this time I ABC is zero, and the current detection part is due to the detected current I ABC is less than the action value (comparison threshold), so the data processing part will not falsely report disconnection information. Therefore, this method can solve the problem of false reporting of disconnection information when the heater is actively cut off.
实施例2Example 2
在本实施例中，检测单元中不设置信号输出装置，而是设置串设在公共连接点M与零线或者地之间的连接线路上的控制开关，电流测量装置控制连接该控制开关，在本实施例中，电流测量装置为一个过电流继电器JR的线圈部分，控制开关为该过电流继电器上的触点。In this embodiment, the detection unit is not provided with a signal output device, but is provided with a control switch serially arranged on the connection line between the common connection point M and the neutral line or ground, and the current measurement device controls the connection of the control switch. In this embodiment, the current measuring device is a coil part of an overcurrent relay JR, and the control switch is a contact on the overcurrent relay.
电流测量装置中的根据电流叠加值进行断线判断的策略与实施例1相同。The strategy for judging disconnection according to the current superimposed value in the current measuring device is the same as that in Embodiment 1.
为了保证继电器合理动作，继电器中适当设定上述比较阈值的具体数值(也称为电流动作值)和动作延时时间。In order to ensure a reasonable action of the relay, the specific value of the comparison threshold (also referred to as the current operating value) and the action delay time are appropriately set in the relay.
电流动作值的设定原则是，其中一相加热器电流正常加热时的电流(正常工作时的供电电流)I1的50％左右为宜。由于三相四线制交流电源或三相加热器功率(阻值)的误差，动作值设定过低会导致误报断线信号，动作值设定过高会导致漏报断线信号。The setting principle of the current operating value is that the current (supply current during normal operation) I1 of one phase of the heater current during normal heating is preferably about 50%. Due to the error of the three-phase four-wire AC power supply or the power (resistance value) of the three-phase heater, if the operating value is set too low, the disconnection signal will be falsely reported, and if the operating value is set too high, the disconnection signal will be missed.
延时时间值是指当判断为断线时，触点延时一定时间动作。设定的原因是削除加热器投入或切断瞬间可能产生的误报信号。The delay time value means that when it is judged to be disconnected, the contact will delay action for a certain period of time. The reason for the setting is to eliminate false alarm signals that may be generated at the moment of turning on or off the heater.
总之，过电流继电器的线圈部分检测出的电流叠加值大于动作值时，发出断线信息，并延时设定时间后断开继电器中的触点，实现切断三个加热器供电线路的目的。In short, when the superimposed current value detected by the coil part of the overcurrent relay is greater than the action value, a disconnection message will be sent, and the contact in the relay will be disconnected after a set time delay to achieve the purpose of cutting off the power supply lines of the three heaters.
而且，控制开关的控制信号由电流测量装置提供，并且需要设置为自保持模式，以避免控制开关断开三相加热器后电流测量装置的控制信号自动复位而导致控制开关重新恢复闭合状态。Moreover, the control signal of the control switch is provided by the current measuring device, and it needs to be set to a self-holding mode, so as to avoid the control signal of the current measuring device from automatically resetting after the control switch disconnects the three-phase heater, causing the control switch to return to the closed state.
另外，当主动切断加热器时，比如不再使用加热器了，采用同时切断这三个加热器的方式(或直接切断交流电源)，此时IABC为零，过电流继电器JR由于检测到的电流IABC小于动作值，所以，继电器不会动作，即不会误报断线信息。所以，该方式能够解决当主动切断加热器时误报断线信息的问题。In addition, when the heater is actively cut off, for example, if the heater is no longer used, the method of cutting off the three heaters at the same time (or directly cutting off the AC power supply), at this time I ABC is zero, and the overcurrent relay JR due to the detected The current I ABC is smaller than the action value, so the relay will not act, that is, it will not falsely report the disconnection information. Therefore, this method can solve the problem of false reporting of disconnection information when the heater is actively cut off.
使用过电流继电器进行电流的检测和判断，如果该过电流继电器中有多个检测通道的话，那么，一个过电流继电器就可以应用于多个检测单元。Use the overcurrent relay to detect and judge the current. If there are multiple detection channels in the overcurrent relay, then one overcurrent relay can be applied to multiple detection units.
另外，为了能够方便对比较阈值和动作时间进行调节，上述过电流继电器还可以是目前较为先进的电子式继电器。In addition, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the comparison threshold and action time, the above-mentioned overcurrent relay can also be a relatively advanced electronic relay at present.
以上给出了具体的实施方式，但本发明不局限于所描述的实施方式。本发明的基本思路在于上述基本方案，对本领域普通技术人员而言，根据本发明的教导，设计出各种变形的模型、公式、参数并不需要花费创造性劳动。在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下对实施方式进行的变化、修改、替换和变型仍落入本发明的保护范围内。Specific embodiments have been given above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. The basic idea of the present invention lies in the above-mentioned basic scheme. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the teaching of the present invention, it does not need to spend creative labor to design various deformation models, formulas, and parameters. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the implementation without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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