CN106093537B - High pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment and method - Google Patents
High pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106093537B CN106093537B CN201610593362.5A CN201610593362A CN106093537B CN 106093537 B CN106093537 B CN 106093537B CN 201610593362 A CN201610593362 A CN 201610593362A CN 106093537 B CN106093537 B CN 106093537B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/08—Measuring current density
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring method and correlation meters, and the method comprising the steps of: (1) in the copper foil tape of one circle opposing insulation of roll surface patch；(2) real-time current output mechanism is installed in position corresponding with effectively charged zone position, the electric current on copper foil tape in effective charging area is exported in real time；(3) current value flowed through on corresponding copper foil tape on the roll surface that each carbon brush is contacted is measured using single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system, calculates and draws current density distribution curve.The method of the present invention and measuring device highly effective, it easily realizes and measurement result precision is high, it solves the problems, such as that electrostatic separator roll surface current density and distribution in the operating condition are unable to real-time measurement, is of great significance to the further improvement of following high pressure electrostatic separator design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of electrostatic separator roll surface current density, specifically a kind of high-voltage electrostatic sorting
Machine roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment and measurement method.
Background technique
High-voltage electrostatic sorting is sorting metal and nonmetallic common method, can sort particle of the size less than 0.1 mm.
Electrostatic sorting method is applied to handle ore in mineral industry earliest, since the metal content in electronic product is equivalent to common mine
The even hundred times of the tens of metal content in object, high-voltage electrostatic sorting technology has been widely used for returning for waste and old circuit board at present
It receives.High-voltage electrostatic sorting is in sorting machine internal build high-voltage electrostatic field, using wait sort metal and nonmetallic substance in particle
Between conduction property difference, so that it is realized separation under the collective effect of electric field force, gravity and mechanical force.
Fig. 1 is existing high pressure electrostatic separator structural schematic diagram, electrostatic separation process are as follows: material particles to be sorted are through presenting
Glassware 1 and material-conveying belt 2 are evenly distributed on the smooth surface of ground connection rotating electrode (i.e. transfer roller 6), and material is by charging area 3
Charged, corona electrode 7(generally connects the negative high voltage of tens of thousands of volts) and transfer roller 6(material be iron or stainless steel) between occur it is strong
Corona discharge, make the air ionization around corona wire, generate a large amount of electronics, cation and anion, corona electrode 7 with turn
Form inhomogeneous field between roller 6, material falls and simultaneously turns at charging area 3 with transfer roller 6, the ion in electric field can be adsorbed on to
The surface of sorting material particle keeps material charged.In adsorption zone 4, charged material and transfer roller 6 carry out charge-exchange, due to leading
The electric material velocity of discharge is fast, the non-conductive material velocity of discharge is slow, and as charged material enters sorting area, the velocity of discharge is fast to be led
Electric material is repelled due to identical as 6 polarity of transfer roller, and roll surface is detached from, and by the strong attraction of deflecting electrode 8, is allowed to
The right side of collector is fallen under the resultant direction of gravity, centrifugal force and electric field force.And the non-conductive material that the velocity of discharge is slow, by
In it in the negatively charged not release completely of 3 institute of charging area, and by the strong repulsion of deflecting electrode 8, it is just firmly adsorbed on transfer roller 6
Surface on, turned at hairbrush 5 with transfer roller 6, be fixed hairbrush 5 pressure brush off, be scattering into the left side of collector.Collector
The then existing metallic particles that centre is scattered, and have non-metallic particle.Thus the separation of two kinds of different electrical materials is completed.
Currently, the measurement for roll-type grader surface current, only rests on the corona current measured on entire transfer roller,
What is reflected is the overall charge amount of roll surface 0-360 degree, be cannot achieve close to the roll surface any position electric current in rotation
The real-time measurement of degree, thus can not determine the situation of change of each position current density on roll surface, it also just can not be object to be sorted
Expect that effective carrying capacity of particle provides theoretical foundation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipments, with solution
Certainly existing measuring device cannot achieve the problem of carrying out real-time measurement to the current density of the roll surface any position in rotation.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of measurement methods of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density, with solution
The problem of certainly rotation transfer roller surface real-time current is unable to measure.
An object of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring method, characterized in that the following steps are included:
(1) one layer of insulating tape is pasted in roll surface, roll surface is then divided into several intervals along the axial of transfer roller
Uniform ribbon area, pasting upper and the consistent copper foil tape of ribbon area length and width, the copper foil tape respectively on each ribbon area is
Double-layer structure, internal layer are sticky insulating material layer, and outer layer is conductive copper layers of foil, wherein the spacing distance of adjacent strip zone be d simultaneously
Make mutually insulated between adjacent copper foil tape, the length of copper foil tape is L, width L1；
(2) region corresponding to the I, the II quadrant of circumference of circle within the scope of 0 ° ~ 180 ° is cut radially with transfer roller as effective lotus
Electric region, installation real-time current output mechanism corresponding with effectively charged zone position；High voltage power supply is connected, high-voltage electrostatic sorting is made
Electric field, transfer roller rotation are generated between the corona electrode and roll surface of machine, opposite rotation occurs for transfer roller and real-time current output mechanism
Turn, the electric current on copper foil tape in effective charging area is exported in real time using real-time current output mechanism；
Specifically, the real-time current output mechanism is installed on one end of transfer roller, by bracket and several and effective charging area
The one-to-one carbon brush component of interior each copper foil tape is constituted, and the bracket is semi-circular shape double hyer insulation bracket, double-deck exhausted
Several mounting holes are provided on edge bracket, the carbon brush component is installed in the mounting hole；The carbon brush component by with carbon brush,
Pressure spring, conducting wire, carbon brush mounting groove and carbon brush connector are constituted, and carbon brush mounting groove is set in mounting hole, and carbon brush is installed on the carbon
In brush mounting groove, one end of carbon brush connects the conducting wire and realizes that conducting wire is external by carbon brush connector, in carbon brush and carbon brush connector
Between be provided with the pressure spring, acted on by the elastic force of the pressure spring and the brush head of the carbon brush be pressed on roll surface, carbon brush head
The sliding friction due to transfer roller rotation between copper foil tape；Wherein, between adjacent two carbon brush head along the distance of the transfer roller circumferential direction=
L1+ d, also, the width W < L of carbon brush head1, W < d；
(3) pass through independent conducting wire respectively through electric current derived from each carbon brush component and be connected to single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system, it is single
Piece machine current acquisition system measures the current value flowed through on corresponding copper foil tape on the roll surface that each carbon brush is contacted,
The computer system of single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system connection calculates roll surface current density in real time, draws current density distribution
Curve.
It is another object of the present invention to what is be achieved:
A kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment, one including being pasted on roll surface
Layer insulating tape, several copper foil tapes being pasted on roll surface insulating cement belt, to each copper in effective charged region
Foil belt powers on stream and carries out derived real-time current output mechanism, powers on stream to each copper foil tape in effective charging area and measure
Single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system and computer system that roll surface current density is calculated；Effective charging area is
Transfer roller radially cuts the roll surface region corresponding to the I, the II quadrant of circumference of circle within the scope of 0 ° ~ 180 °；
The copper foil tape is double-layer structure, and internal layer is sticky insulating material layer, and outer layer is conductive copper layers of foil；Described in each item
Copper foil tape is arranged along the axial direction of the transfer roller in roll surface, and there are keep mutual between two adjacent copper foil tapes
The uniform gap of insulation；
The real-time current output mechanism is set to one end of the transfer roller, the real-time current output mechanism by bracket and
It is several to be constituted with the one-to-one carbon brush component of copper foil tape within the scope of real-time current output mechanism；The bracket is semicircular ring
Shape double hyer insulation bracket, is provided with several mounting holes on double hyer insulation bracket, and the carbon brush component is installed on the mounting hole
In；The carbon brush component is made of carbon brush, pressure spring, conducting wire, carbon brush mounting groove and carbon brush connector, wherein the setting of carbon brush mounting groove
In mounting hole, carbon brush is installed in the carbon brush mounting groove, and one end of carbon brush connects the conducting wire and by carbon brush connector reality
Existing conducting wire is external, and the pressure spring is provided between carbon brush and carbon brush connector, is acted on the carbon brush by the elastic force of the pressure spring
Brush head is pressed on roll surface, generates sliding friction since transfer roller rotates between carbon brush head and copper foil tape；
The external one end of each conducting wire, which extends, is connected to the single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system, passes through single-chip microcontroller current acquisition
System, single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system acquire and measure corresponding copper foil tape upstream on the roll surface that each carbon brush is contacted
The current value of warp, computer system calculate roll surface current density in real time, draw current density distribution curve.
A kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment of the present invention, adjacent copper foil glue
Spaced distance is d, and the length of copper foil tape is L, width L1, along distance=L of the transfer roller circumferential direction between adjacent two carbon brush head1
+ d, also, the width W < L of carbon brush head1, W < d.
The method of the present invention and measuring device highly effective, are easily realized and measurement result precision is high, are solved in working condition
Under electrostatic separator roll surface current density and distribution the problem of being unable to real-time measurement, the following high pressure electrostatic separator is set
The further improvement of meter is of great significance.The present invention provides a kind of distribution of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface current density
Method for real-time measurement, different from the method for static hand dipping transfer roller electric current before, apparatus of the present invention are by sorting machine transfer roller table
Face one week (0 to 360 degree), is subdivided into several discreet regions, measures effectively charged region indirectly by carbon brush (0 arrives 180 degree)
The corona current of each discreet region, to calculate the current density in roll surface every tiny copper bar region.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is existing high pressure electrostatic separator overall structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is the lateral sectional view of real-time measurement apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of real-time measurement apparatus of the invention.
In figure: 1, feedback glassware, 2, material-conveying belt, 3, charging area, 4, adsorption zone, 5, hairbrush, 6, transfer roller, 7, corona electrode, 8,
Deflecting electrode, 9, copper foil tape, 10, carbon brush, 11, pressure spring, 12, carbon brush connector, 13, single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system 14, calculating
Machine system, 15, double hyer insulation bracket.
Specific embodiment
The device of the invention be for high pressure electrostatic separator, the structure of existing high pressure electrostatic separator as shown in Figure 1,
It is mainly made of feedback glassware 1, material-conveying belt 2, transfer roller 6, hairbrush 5, corona electrode 7, deflecting electrode 8 and collector, relay roller 6
Ground connection, surface are broadly divided into charging area 3 and adsorption zone 4, and corona electrode 7 and deflecting electrode 8 connect high voltage power supply cathode.Electrostatic
Assorting room are as follows: corona electrode 7(generally connects the negative high voltage of tens of thousands of volts) and transfer roller 6(material be iron or stainless steel) between send out
Raw strong corona discharge, makes the air ionization around corona wire, generates a large amount of electronics, cation and anion, corona electricity
Inhomogeneous field is formed between pole 7 and transfer roller 6, material particles to be sorted are evenly distributed in through feedback glassware 1 and material-conveying belt 2
On the smooth surface of transfer roller 6, when by the charging area 3 of transfer roller 6, the ion in electric field can be adsorbed on to sorting material particle
Surface keeps material charged.In adsorption zone 4, charged material and transfer roller 6 carry out charge-exchange, due to the conductive material velocity of discharge
Fastly, the non-conductive material velocity of discharge is slow, with charged material enter sorting area, the fast conductive material of the velocity of discharge due to turn
6 polarity of roller is identical, is repelled, and roll surface is detached from, and by the strong attraction of deflecting electrode 8, be allowed to along gravity, centrifugal force and
The right side of collector is fallen under the resultant direction of electric field force.And the non-conductive material that the velocity of discharge is slow, since it is in 3 institute of charging area
Negatively charged not release completely, and by the strong repulsion of deflecting electrode 8, it is just firmly adsorbed on the surface of transfer roller 6, with transfer roller
6 turn at hairbrush 5, are fixed the pressure of hairbrush 5 and brush off, are scattering into the left side of collector, the centre of collector be scattered then both
There is metallic particles, and have non-metallic particle, thus completes the separation of two kinds of different electrical materials.
To realize that present invention employs dresses as shown in Figure 2,3 to the measurement of rotation transfer roller surface real-time current density
Structure is set, the present invention devises a kind of real-time measurement apparatus for measuring high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface charge density distribution,
The present apparatus is mounted on the transfer roller of electrostatic separator.One layer of insulating cement belt is posted in roll surface, and along the axial direction of transfer roller
Roll surface is divided into a plurality of evenly spaced ribbon area, is pasted with respectively on each ribbon area consistent with ribbon area length and width
Copper foil tape 9, copper foil tape 9 are double-layer structure, and internal layer is sticky insulating material layer, and outer layer is conductive copper layers of foil, adjacent ribbons
The spacing distance in area is d and makes 9 mutually insulateds of adjacent copper foil tape, and the length of copper foil tape 9 is L, width L1.Viscous
The end margin for posting the transfer roller of copper foil tape 9 is equipped with and powers on stream to each copper foil tape 9 in effective charging area and lead
Real-time current output mechanism out, wherein effective charging area is that transfer roller radially cuts 0 ° ~ 180 ° models corresponding to the I, the II quadrant of circle
Enclose interior roll surface region.Real-time current output mechanism is made of bracket and several carbon brush components, and bracket is that semi-circular shape is double
Layer insulating support 15, is provided with several mounting holes, carbon brush component is installed in mounting hole on double hyer insulation bracket 15, wherein
Carbon brush component is made of carbon brush 10, pressure spring 11, conducting wire, carbon brush mounting groove and carbon brush connector 12, and carbon brush mounting groove is fixed on installation
Kong Zhong, carbon brush 10 are used as a kind of sliding contact device, and main component is carbon, and external form is usually cuboid, will by pressure spring 11
It is pressed on roll surface, and for preventing 10 poor contact of carbon brush, carbon brush 10 is installed in carbon brush mounting groove, and carbon brush 10 is in slot
Interior freely up and down to move, the gap of carbon brush and slot inner wall is generally between 0.1-0.3mm, to avoid carbon brush 10 and mounting groove
Among make carbon brush 10 that can not accurately export the electric current on copper foil tape 9 because of the excessive generation in gap swing.Between adjacent two carbon brush head
Along distance=L of transfer roller circumferential direction1+ d, also, the width W < L of carbon brush head1And W < d.Carbon brush 10 in carbon brush mounting groove, tail end connect
It connecing conducting wire and realizes that conducting wire is external by carbon brush connector 12, external conducting wire is another to be connected to single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system 13,
High voltage power supply is connected, makes to generate electric field between 6 surface of corona electrode 7 and transfer roller of high pressure electrostatic separator, transfer roller 6 rotates, so
The electric current on copper foil tape 9 in effective charging area is exported in real time using real-time current output mechanism afterwards；Single-chip microcontroller electric current
Acquisition system 13 acquires and measures the current value flowed through on the copper foil tape 9 that each carbon brush 10 is contacted, then passes through computer
System 14 calculates the real-time current density in the region effective charging area Nei Ge, draws current density distribution curve.
In the present invention, copper foil tape selection single side covers copper type, and it is exhausted to be coated with thin layer for the one side contacted with roll surface
Edge substance simultaneously has viscosity, can stick in roll surface, and reinforce insulating with transfer roller, copper foil level sticks transfer roller table one by one
There are uniform gap, and mutually insulated in face between adjacent two copper foil tapes.Transfer roller diameter is D, every copper foil length be L(with
Transfer roller length is identical), width L1, the clearance distance between copper foil tape is d, and the width and spacing of copper foil are smaller, and measurement is got over
Finely, specific size needs to make by oneself according to research.The number of carbon brush changes with the variation of transfer roller diameter and copper bar number, and foundation is ground
Study carefully needs to make by oneself.Finally by electric current derived from each carbon brush, it can measure and be flowed through on each copper foil tape of roll surface
Corona current value, then surface area L × L divided by this copper foil tape1, each copper foil tape of roll surface is calculated with computer
The current density of unit area on position, that is, (unit is μ A/mm to surface current density2), to obtain sorting machine
The distribution situation of roll surface current density draws charge density distribution curve.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring method, characterized in that the following steps are included:
(1) one layer of insulating tape is pasted in roll surface, roll surface is then divided into several intervals uniformly along the axial of transfer roller
Ribbon area, pasted respectively on each ribbon area upper with the consistent copper foil tape of ribbon area length and width, the copper foil tape is double-deck
Structure, internal layer are sticky insulating material layer, and outer layer is conductive copper layers of foil, wherein the spacing distance of adjacent strip zone is d and makes phase
Mutually insulated between adjacent copper foil tape, the length of copper foil tape is L, width L1；
(2) region corresponding to the I, the II quadrant of circumference of circle within the scope of 0 ° ~ 180 ° is cut radially with transfer roller as effective charging area
Domain, installation real-time current output mechanism corresponding with effectively charged zone position；High voltage power supply is connected, high pressure electrostatic separator is made
Electric field, transfer roller rotation are generated between corona electrode and roll surface, transfer roller and real-time current output mechanism occur relative rotation, adopt
The electric current on copper foil tape in effective charging area is exported in real time with real-time current output mechanism；
Specifically, the real-time current output mechanism is installed on one end of transfer roller, by bracket and several and effective charging area
Each one-to-one carbon brush component of copper foil tape is constituted, and the bracket is semi-circular shape double hyer insulation bracket, in double hyer insulation branch
Several mounting holes are provided on frame, the carbon brush component is installed in the mounting hole；The carbon brush component by carbon brush, pressure spring,
Conducting wire, carbon brush mounting groove and carbon brush connector are constituted, and carbon brush mounting groove is set in mounting hole, and carbon brush is installed on the carbon brush installation
In slot, one end of carbon brush connects the conducting wire and realizes that conducting wire is external by carbon brush connector, sets between carbon brush and carbon brush connector
It is equipped with the pressure spring, is acted on by the elastic force of the pressure spring and the brush head of the carbon brush is pressed on roll surface, carbon brush head and copper foil
The sliding friction due to transfer roller rotation between adhesive tape；Wherein, along distance=L of the transfer roller circumferential direction between adjacent two carbon brush head1+ d,
Also, the width W < L of carbon brush head1And W < d；
(3) pass through independent conducting wire respectively through electric current derived from each carbon brush component and be connected to single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system, single-chip microcontroller
Current acquisition system measures the current value flowed through on corresponding copper foil tape on the roll surface that each carbon brush is contacted, monolithic
The computer system of machine current acquisition system connection calculates roll surface current density in real time, and it is bent to draw current density distribution
Line.
2. a kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment, characterized in that including being pasted on transfer roller
One layer of insulating tape on surface, several copper foil tapes being pasted on roll surface insulating cement belt, to effective charged region
Interior each copper foil tape powers on stream and carries out derived real-time current output mechanism, to electric current on each copper foil tape in effective charging area
The single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system measured and the computer system that roll surface current density is calculated；It is described effective
Charging area is that transfer roller radially cuts the roll surface region corresponding to the I, the II quadrant of circumference of circle within the scope of 0 ° ~ 180 °；
The copper foil tape is double-layer structure, and internal layer is sticky insulating material layer, and outer layer is conductive copper layers of foil；Copper foil described in each item
Adhesive tape is arranged along the axial direction of the transfer roller in roll surface, and there are keep mutually insulated between two adjacent copper foil tapes
Uniform gap；
The real-time current output mechanism is set to one end of the transfer roller, and the real-time current output mechanism is by bracket and several
It is constituted with the one-to-one carbon brush component of copper foil tape within the scope of real-time current output mechanism；The bracket is that semi-circular shape is double
Layer insulating support, is provided with several mounting holes, the carbon brush component is installed in the mounting hole on double hyer insulation bracket；Institute
It states carbon brush component to be made of carbon brush, pressure spring, conducting wire, carbon brush mounting groove and carbon brush connector, wherein carbon brush mounting groove is set to installation
Kong Zhong, carbon brush are installed in the carbon brush mounting groove, and one end of carbon brush connects the conducting wire and realizes conducting wire by carbon brush connector
It is external, it is provided with the pressure spring between carbon brush and carbon brush connector, the brush head pressure of the carbon brush is acted on by the elastic force of the pressure spring
Tightly sliding friction is generated since transfer roller rotates between roll surface, carbon brush head and copper foil tape；
The external one end of each conducting wire, which extends, is connected to the single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system, passes through single-chip microcontroller current acquisition system
The current value flowed through on corresponding copper foil tape on the roll surface that each carbon brush is contacted is acquired and measures, computer system is real
When calculate roll surface current density, draw current density distribution curve.
3. a kind of high pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment according to claim 2, special
Sign is, adjacent copper foil tape spacing distance is d, and the length of copper foil tape is L, width L1, along described between adjacent two carbon brush head
Distance=L of transfer roller circumferential direction1+ d, also, the width W < L of carbon brush head1And W < d.
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| CN201610593362.5A CN106093537B (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | High pressure electrostatic separator roll surface real-time current density measuring equipment and method |
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| CN106093537B true CN106093537B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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| CN106885936B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2019-10-01 | 华北电力大学 | Divide the hardened structure discharge current measuring device of stick-of domain combined method based on insulation |
| US10677612B2 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2020-06-09 | The Boeing Company | Large surface magnetic field sensor array |
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| CN201151815Y (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-11-19 | 顾金华 | Rotating roller signal acquiring device |
| CN103513119A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-15 | 河北大学 | Method and device for measuring charge density distribution on surface of rotating roll of electrostatic sorting machine |
| CN105344484A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-02-24 | 张子生 | Arrangement device and arrangement method for pin electrodes in high-voltage electrostatic separator |
| CN105478242A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 张子生 | Pin electrode current measuring device and measuring method for high-voltage electrostatic separator |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6437554B1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2002-08-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | High current measurement system incorporating an air-core transducer |
| CN201151815Y (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-11-19 | 顾金华 | Rotating roller signal acquiring device |
| CN103513119A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-15 | 河北大学 | Method and device for measuring charge density distribution on surface of rotating roll of electrostatic sorting machine |
| CN105344484A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-02-24 | 张子生 | Arrangement device and arrangement method for pin electrodes in high-voltage electrostatic separator |
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