CN106093363B - A kind of safety evaluation method of high-density polyethylene material after by fire - Google Patents
A kind of safety evaluation method of high-density polyethylene material after by fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN106093363B CN106093363B CN201610377090.5A CN201610377090A CN106093363B CN 106093363 B CN106093363 B CN 106093363B CN 201610377090 A CN201610377090 A CN 201610377090A CN 106093363 B CN106093363 B CN 106093363B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000646 scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/44—Resins; Plastics; Rubber; Leather
- G01N33/442—Resins; Plastics
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the Performance Evaluation fields of high molecular material, and in particular to high-density polyethylene material performance detection and evaluation method after by fire.This method includes the following steps：Simulation material is obtained mechanical performance index of the material under certain temperature and time by fiery degree of impairment；Impact fracture analysis and micro-examination are carried out to the material after being hindered by fire damage（Including means such as infrared, heat analysis）, whether it is decreased obviously according to inspection result judgement material mechanical property, can whether material obviously aoxidizes, continue to use.Present invention incorporates the situations of change of material macro-mechanical property variation and microstructure, and various modern analytical instrument and method, performance change situation of the Comprehensive Assessment material after by fire is utilized.Whether can continue to be on active service with accurate judgement material.Time and cost that fire replaces high-density polytene pipeline later can be efficiently reduced.There is practical reference value by the assessment of performance that fire damage is hindered to other high molecular materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Performance Evaluation fields of high molecular material, and in particular to high-density polyethylene material performance after by fire
Methods of testing and evaluating.
Background technology
As " West-east Gas implementation, gas pipelineization, which has compared, to be popularized, and gas pipeline network is sent out in China
Exhibition is swift and violent.It is easily corroded compared to metallic conduit, the short disadvantage of active time, high-density polytene pipeline is high with its specific strength,
Brittle temperature is low, good toughness, corrosion-resistant, good insulation preformance, is easy to the features such as construction and installation, it is considered to be more satisfactory at present
Gas pipe.
Gas pipeline is as energy delivery system, once there are quality problems, will have a direct impact on daily life,
The especially leakage of combustion gas will produce the danger of explosion.The current underground pipe network infrastructure in China falls behind, pipe leakage hidden danger
The problems such as deterioration of more, tube performance is serious highlights, and produces significant impact to the stability and development of society.In petrochemical industry
The fire of generation has the characteristics that burning area is big, difficulty of putting out a fire to save life and property is big, coverage is big.High molecular material high temperature resistant is poor, in fire
Meeting softening transform even combustion degradation, fire need to carry out at replacement the high molecular material in the scene of a fire later in the high temperature of field
Reason.But since the coverage of fire burning is big, the high molecular material near the scene of a fire can also be acted on by hot irradiation.Through
After going through heat irradiation, the performance of high molecular material can change, and the structural behaviour of high density polyethylene (HDPE) will generate deterioration, structure peace
Full property declines.If also carrying out whole replacement processing after fire to the pipeline in scene of a fire periphery, time-consuming, of high cost.
Currently without system high-density polytene pipeline hindered by fire damage after evaluation method, cannot be according to the practical damage of pipeline
Hinder degree and carries out replacement or maintenance process.So the degree of injury of assessment high-density polytene pipeline in a fire, judges it
Whether can significantly save tubing and investment, while saving a large amount of manpower and reducing to enterprise and resident if needing replacing
The influence of normal production and living.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of height that operation is reasonable and practical for the blank of evaluation method present in background technology
Method of evaluating performance of the density polyethylene materials after by fire.It can quickly, accurately and efficiently evaluate evaluation high density polyethylene (HDPE) material
Expect the performance change situation after by fire and determines whether material needs replacing.
High-density polyethylene material proposed by the present invention performance detection and evaluation method after by fire, are as follows：
（1）：It treats the scene of fire residing for evaluation material and carries out field test；
（2）：Take and material identical to be evaluated not by fiery material, simulated not by fiery material in the scene of a fire by thermal ageing test
In the case where wound by fire damage, obtain simulating the material after by fire；
（3）：To not by fiery material and step（2）Material of the simulation after by fire carries out testing for macro-mechanical property, works as mould
When quasi- material mechanical performance measured value after by fire cannot meet critical values mandate, material failure of the judgement simulation after by fire；It is no
Then enter step（4）；
（4）：In step（3）On the basis of judgement, infrared spectrum is further used（ATR-IR）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, it is poor
Formula scanning calorimetry（DSC）And thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)（TGA）Detection means, to rushing for the material not by fiery material and simulation after by fire
Mouth, material surface and internal progress comprehensive analysis and test are struck off, is obtained not microcosmic by the material of fiery material and simulation after by fire
The case where structure change；
（5）：According to step（4）Testing result judge to simulate material after by fire whether severe oxidation, when severe oxidation,
Judgement material failure enters step if not occurring significantly to aoxidize（6）；
（6）：Confirm that material to be evaluated can continue to be on active service.
In the present invention, step（1）In, Site Detection need to obtain wait evaluate material temperature residing in the scene of a fire and when
Between, and the type of cooling taken when putting out a fire to save life and property of putting out a fire.
In the present invention, step（2）In, take and material identical to be evaluated not by fiery material, pass through and set exposure temperature
And heat exposure time, the case where simulation material is hindered by fire damage in Muffle furnace.The exposure temperature and heat exposure time of setting with
Step（1）The material to be evaluated of middle acquisition temperature and time residing in the scene of a fire is consistent, the type of cooling and step（1）Middle acquisition
The material type of cooling to be evaluated it is consistent.
In the present invention, step（3）In, to step（2）Material of the simulation of acquirement after by fire and power is not carried out by fiery material
Performance test, including tension test and impact test etc. are learned, obtains material in the mechanical property change after by fire.With
50% property retention rate is compared by the mechanical property measured value of fiery material with critical value as critical value, by simulation, according to it
Critical values mandate can be met, carry out next step scheme；
If simulation by fiery material mechanical property measured value with not declining compared with by fiery material or fall is less than
50%, then testing result is to meet critical values mandate；
If simulating the mechanical property measured value by fiery material with fall is not detected more than 50% compared with by fiery material
As a result it is to be unsatisfactory for critical values mandate.
In the present invention, step（4）In：Using infrared spectrum（ATR-IR）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）With thermal weight loss point
Analysis（TGA）Three kinds of detection means are carried out chemical composition by fiery material to simulation and strand microstructure are analyzed, judge material
Whether occur significantly to aoxidize, whether material internal is still with the presence of antioxidant.Using scanning electron microscope（SEM）Method observes the micro- of material
Structure change is seen, in conjunction with the change of macro-mechanical property, judges the degree that material is hindered by fire damage.
In the present invention, step（5）In：
The case where testing result is severe oxidation, microstructure change be：Infared spectrum can be observed significantly
Oxide group, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）It measures oxidation induction time fall to be more than 50% or tend to 0, thermal weight loss point
Analysis（TGA）Acquired results visible material thermal stability is remarkably decreased；
The case where testing result does not occur significantly to aoxidize, microstructure change be：Infared spectrum is not observed
To significant oxide group, it may be observed that the presence of antioxidant；Differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）Oxidation induction time is measured to slightly have
Decline, fall is less than 50%；Thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)（TGA）Acquired results visible material thermal stability fall is less than 50%.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, present invention incorporates the situation of change of material macro-mechanical property variation and microstructure, various modern is utilized
Analytical instrument and method, performance change situation of the Comprehensive Assessment material after by fire.Whether can be can continue to accurate judgement material
It is on active service.
2, this method can efficiently reduce time and the cost that fire replaces high-density polytene pipeline later.
3, this method is had practical reference value to other high molecular materials by the assessment of performance that fire damage is hindered.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow chart.
Specific implementation mode
It is further illustrated the present invention below by embodiment combination attached drawing.
Embodiment 1：As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of reasonable and practical high-density polyethylene material of operation by
Method of evaluating performance after fire.The method of the present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment：
After somewhere high-density polytene pipeline is hindered by fire damage, needs to carry out it performance evaluation after by fire, evaluate its energy
It is no to continue to be on active service.It carries out according to the following steps：
（1）Field test is carried out to pipeline local environment first, exposure temperature and heat residing for material are sudden and violent when obtaining fire
Reveal time, the type of cooling.Exposure temperature and heat exposure time are respectively 100 DEG C and 8h, and the type of cooling is air cooling.
（2）It takes and is not carried out performance of the thermal ageing test simulation pipeline after by fire by fiery pipeline material with by fire tube road is identical
Situation of change.The experiment parameter that thermal ageing test is carried out in Muffle furnace is set as 100 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 8h, cold
But mode is air cooling.
（3）To simulating the material by fire and not carried out testing for macro-mechanical property, including stretching by the identical material of fire
Experiment and impact test.Simulation is declined 11.5% by fiery material elongation at break, and tensile strength declines 8%, i.e. Mechanics Performance Testing
Fall is less than 50%.
（4）Further use infrared spectrum（ATR-IR）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）It is lost with heat
Weight analysis（TGA）Detection means, to the impact fracture of the material not by the material and simulation of fire after by fire, material surface and inside
Carry out comprehensive analysis and test.Obtain simulating by fiery material and not by the infrared spectrum of fiery material, SEM fracture analysis diagrams, DSC with
TGA analysis results.
（5）To step（4）Acquired testing result carries out analyzing evaluation.Simulating does not have in the infrared spectrum by fiery material
It was found that the functional group of oxidation product, the SEM figures of impact fracture are without finding the defective presence of material.Differential scanning calorimetry
（DSC）The oxidation induction time measured is declined slightly, fall 10%；Thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)（TGA）Gained maximum weight loss rate
Temperature fall 1.08%, it is seen that material good thermal stability.Significantly oxidation does not occur for material, without carrying out replacement processing.
Examples detailed above is the preferable specific implementation mode of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
His any Spirit Essence without departing from the present invention changes with made by principle, replaces, combines and simplifies, and should be equivalent and sets
Mode is changed, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of safety evaluation method of high-density polyethylene material after by fire, it is characterised in that be as follows：
（1）：It treats the scene of fire residing for evaluation material and carries out field test；
（2）：Take and material identical to be evaluated not by fiery material, simulated not by fiery material in the scene of a fire by thermal ageing test
The case where being hindered by fire damage obtains simulating the material after by fire；
（3）：To not by fiery material and step（2）Material of the simulation after by fire carries out testing for macro-mechanical property, when simulation by
When material mechanical performance measured value after fire cannot meet critical values mandate, material failure of the judgement simulation after by fire；Otherwise into
Enter step（4）；Wherein：To step（2）Material of the simulation of acquirement after by fire and Mechanics Performance Testing, packet are not carried out by fiery material
Tension test and impact test are included, obtains material in the mechanical property change after by fire；Made with 50% property retention rate
For critical value, simulation is compared by the mechanical property measured value of fiery material with critical value, can meet critical value according to it wants
It asks, carries out next step scheme；
（3.1）If simulation by fiery material mechanical property measured value with not declining compared with by fiery material or fall is small
In 50%, then testing result is to meet critical values mandate；
（3.2）If simulating the mechanical property measured value by fiery material with fall is not detected more than 50% compared with by fiery material
As a result it is to be unsatisfactory for critical values mandate；
（4）：In step（3）On the basis of judgement, infrared spectrum is further used（ATR-IR）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, differential sweeps
Retouch calorimetry（DSC）And thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)（TGA）Detection means, it is disconnected to the impact of the material not by fiery material and simulation after by fire
Mouthful, material surface and the internal material microstructure for carrying out comprehensive analysis and test, obtaining not by fiery material and simulation after by fire
The case where variation；
（5）：According to step（4）Testing result judge to simulate material after by fire whether severe oxidation, when severe oxidation, judgement
Material failure enters step if not occurring significantly to aoxidize（6）；
（6）：Confirm that material to be evaluated can continue to be on active service.
2. determination method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）In, Site Detection needs, which obtain, to be waited evaluating
Material temperature and time residing in the scene of a fire, and the type of cooling taken when putting out a fire to save life and property of putting out a fire.
3. determination method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step（2）In, take and material identical to be evaluated not
By fiery material, by setting exposure temperature and heat exposure time, the case where simulation material is hindered by fire damage in Muffle furnace；Setting
Exposure temperature and heat exposure time and step（1）The material to be evaluated of middle acquisition temperature and time one residing in the scene of a fire
It causes, the type of cooling and step（1）The material type of cooling to be evaluated of middle acquisition is consistent.
4. determination method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）In：Using infrared spectrum（ATR-IR）, it is poor
Formula scanning calorimetry（DSC）And thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)（TGA）Three kinds of detection means are carried out chemical composition by fiery material to simulation and divided
Whether the analysis of subchain microstructure, judgement material occur significantly to aoxidize, and whether material internal is still with the presence of antioxidant, using sweeping
Retouch Electronic Speculum（SEM）Method observes the microstructure change of material, and in conjunction with the change of macro-mechanical property, judgement material is hindered by fire damage
Degree.
5. determination method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）In：
The case where testing result is severe oxidation, microstructure change be：Significant oxygen can be observed in infared spectrum
Change group, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）It measures oxidation induction time fall to be more than 50% or tend to 0, thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)
（TGA）Acquired results visible material thermal stability is remarkably decreased；
The case where testing result does not occur significantly to aoxidize, microstructure change be：Infared spectrum is not observed aobvious
The oxide group of work, it may be observed that the presence of antioxidant；Differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）Under measuring oxidation induction time slightly
Drop, fall are less than 50%；Thermogravimetic analysis (TGA)（TGA）Acquired results visible material thermal stability fall is less than 50%.
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| CN110794256A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-02-14 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Analysis method for high-temperature fusing of transmission conductor in operation process |
| CN110850251B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-10-27 | 西安交通大学 | Antioxidant content-based crosslinked polyethylene cable insulation aging state evaluation method |
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| CN104464850A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Composite aging simulation method of heat engine |
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| CN103063808A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 上海交通大学 | Assessment method and system for building damage after fire |
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| 《PVC 膜结构材料老化试验及其标准和表征方法》;徐晓伟等;《合成材料老化与应用》;20131231;第42卷(第2期);第"2 老化的表征方法"部分 * |
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