CN106092932A - Use carbon nanomaterial to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system - Google Patents
Use carbon nanomaterial to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses employing carbon nanomaterial to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system, it is to weigh 50 mg carbon nanomaterials in the conical flask of 150 ml, adds 100 ml, 100 mg L‑1Cu2+Single ionic solution, adjusting pH is 6, vibrate 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h the most respectively, rapid filtration solution, with the residual concentration of metal ion in atomic absorption spectroscopy determination filtrate.The present invention further discloses carbon nanomaterial to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system improve heavy metal adsorption rate in terms of application.Absorption affinity therein refers to graphene oxide to Cu2+Absorption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to a kind of employing carbon nanomaterial and Cu isothermal in unitary system is inhaled
Attached regulation and control method.
Background technology
Most of heavy metals are transitional elements.In soil environment, heavy metal can occur oxidoreduction in certain amplitude
Reaction, the heavy metal of different valence state has different activity and toxicity.Heavy metal pollution of soil has that scope is wide, the persistent period
Long, disguised strong, by features such as food chain enrichment, big, the irreversibilities of difficulty of governance.Large number of biological is analyzed and toxicological study table
Bright, the Transport And Transformation process of the biological activity of heavy metal element, toxicity and heavy metal and its existence in the environment in environment
Morphology is correlated with.Therefore rely only on total metals and be difficult to show the contamination characteristics of heavy metal.
Heavy metal forms different chemical forms in soil, is easily adsorbed by soil media.But the shadow at various factors
Under sound, heavy metal can occur to migrate and conversion.Heavy metal migration in soil is a sufficiently complex process, is that physics moves
Shifting, physicochemical migration and three kinds of coefficient results of migration pattern of biogenic migration, result in heavy metal and migrate in soil
Be difficult to predictability.
In absorption research, adsorbance is critically important physical quantity.At a constant temperature, adsorbance and solution equilibria concentration
Relation curve be referred to as adsorption isotherm.Adsorbate and adsorbent is it will be seen that by the shape of adsorption isotherm and Changing Pattern
Effect power, the state of adsorbed on interfaces matter and adsorbed layer structure.
According to the Giles classification to adsorption isothermal curve, adsorption isothermal curve is divided into S type, L-type, H type and c-type.S type
When low concentration, solutes content is the highest, adsorbs the fastest, but after adsorption site progressivelyes reach saturation, slope is finally reduced to
0.The slope of L-type isothermal curve reduces with the increase of adsorption density, and this is common isothermal line.H type isothermal line is L-type etc.
The special case of temperature line, is high affine adsorption isothermal curve, and adsorbate is very big to the affinity of solvent, even if solvent strength is extremely low,
It also is able to be adsorbed.C-type is constant distribution linearity curve, and adsorbed material has necessarily between solution and adsorbent solids surface
Apportionment ratio, adsorbance and solute concentration are linear.Generally, concentration degree or scope hour show as c-type curve.
Solute in aqueous solution adsorbent surface Isothermal Adsorption Characteristics generally with Langmuir model,
Freundlich model describes, and below both model will be discussed in detail.Langmuir proposes monolayer first and inhales
Attached model.
Langmuir model is to assume according to the monolayer adsorption that gas-solid two is alternate and draw, and each suction in model
Attached room energy is identical, and adjacent adsorbent is intermolecular without interaction force.It is that monolayer is inhaled that Freundlich adsoption equation does not limit
Attached, can be used for uneven surface situation, be comparatively ideal experience isothermal adsorpting equation, in narrow concentration range, many
System meets model the most very much.The research such as Wang obtains Linesless charcoal to the absorption of Cd and Langmuir model, Freundlich model
Degree of fitting is preferable, R2Value is respectively 0.993 and 0.989.Cheng Jiemin etc. study discovery, Cu and Cd is at modified Nano carbon blacksurface
Reparation can be divided into two stages of speed, all can be with Langmuir model, Freundlich models fitting.Farghali etc. study
Show CoFe2O4Modifying oxidoreduction Graphene, the adsorption process to C.I. 42590 is physical absorption, meets Lang Gemiaoer isothermal bent
Line.This model is commonly used to explain that the situation of monolayer adsorption, custom are used for calculating maximal absorptive capacity.
The approach that artificial repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes can be summarized as 3 kinds: removes the heavy metal in soil, mainly with new soil
The methods such as displacement, plant extract；Heavy metal is polluted and is isolated；Change heavy metal existing forms, reduce its animal migration and
Bioavailability, to such an extent as to can be present in steadily in the long term in soil, it is main generation with fixation in situ and microorganism remediation
Table.
Heavy-metal contaminated soil fixation in situ reparation has irreplaceable effect in contaminated soil governance process.At soil
Earth adds different allogenic material, is changed the chemical form of heavy metal by series reaction, reduce its animal migration and biology has
Effect property, reduces heavy metallic poison and migrates accumulation.Conventional soil remediation material mainly has zeolite, Vermiculitum, Calx, phosphorus ore, stove
The inorganic matters such as slag, green manure, Organic substance and part rich in carbon content can be used for the nano material of repairing heavy metal pollution.Wu Lie
Kind grade carries out Rapid deactivation process to the heavy metal in contaminated soil, according to the passivation ability value of stabilization efficiency and passivator to respectively
The passivation ability of passivator and compounded combination carries out strong and weak sequence and understands lime inactivating ability value maximum, and liming can reduce soil
The bioavailability of Cu, Zn, As, Hg, Cd, Pb in earth.Flying dust has stronger absorption property to Zn and Pb in soil.Yin Fei
By applying 4 kinds of passivator respectively to heavy-metal composite pollution soil, exchangeable species and carbonate knot after the process of slag, ground phosphate rock
Closing state Zn content to significantly reduce, slag, ground phosphate rock can dramatically increase residual form Cu content, biological difficult absorption after adding ground phosphate rock
Calcium type arsenic content dramatically increases；Wherein, Linesless charcoal and Paligorskite are mainly based on passivation absorption and complexation, slag and the phosphorus of heavy metal
The repair mechanism of breeze heavy metal is mainly based on chemical precipitation.Repair after utilizing graininess slag and MgO to be mixed in proportion
Soil, slag heavy metal has good absorption property, it is possible to be effectively improved the soil of heavy metal and organic contamination.Soares
Etc. Pb and Zn utilized in eggshell compost absorption soil, after interpolation, it is possible to increase soil pH value, reduce exchangeable species Pb in soil
And Zn, it is possible to effectively repairing heavy metal in soil.Utilize the combine d bioremediation soil such as the carbon rich material matter such as green manure, fertilizer compost and mineral acid
Earth, can effectively reduce As and the Cu pollution to soil.Paper mill sludge and soil interaction can form new adsorption site, have
Help Zn fixing in soil, improve soil quality and reduce content of beary metal in effusion.Shaheen utilizes inorganic matter: boiling
Stone, AlO, MnO and carbonate and organic amendment: the Cu in activated carbon, oil plant remnants compost fixing soil maize planting.Knot
Fruit shows, after adding soil-repairing agent, in Corn, Cu content reduces, and organic amendment effect is better than inorganic amendment, wherein
Activated carbon is preferable with AlO effect.
Charcoal has that porosity is high, specific surface area is big, surface active groups many can adsorb a large amount of exchangeable species sun from
Son.It is to Cd2+Adsorbance first rise with the increase of pH and decline afterwards, be a kind of good adsorbing material, and increase soil and have
Machine matter, promotes crop yield.After biological carbon and mixing with soil, in soil, the toxicity of Cd, Zn and Pb is along with the increase of charcoal content
And reduce, in filter liquor, heavy metal toxicity reduces over time.Qihong Zhu etc. utilizes biological carbon repairing heavy metal pollution
Rice soil, when applied amount is 0.5%, exchangeable species Cr in soil, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd content have dropped 18.8 respectively,
29.6,26.3,23.0,23.01 and 48.14%, in Oryza sativa L., Zn, Cd, Pb content decreases 10.96,8.89 and 8.33%.
Almaroai et al. compared for adding maize planting after charcoal, Os Bovis seu Bubali and eggshell in soil, analyzes the biology of Pb in soil
Effectiveness, research shows, after adding charcoal, in Semen Maydis branch and leaf, Pb content reduces.Liu Jingjing studies different types of charcoal
The repair response of heavy metal contaminated soil, tries soil sample with the rice soil of combined pollution for confession and uses the charcoal of different-grain diameter,
The interpolation of Caulis et Folium Oryzae charcoal significantly improves soil pH value, and acid solvent Cu, Cd and Zn convert to reduction-state and oxidable state.Apply
Charcoal can change soil enzyme activities, and wherein urase and peroxidase activity significantly improve, but activity of acid phosphatase
Reduce.
Nano-particle class renovation agent contains huge specific surface area, has extremely strong to the polluted heavy metals ion in soil
Adsorption, can reduce the migration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils ion, conversion and biological effectiveness content of beary metal thereof.
Zhangwei Li etc. utilizes Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) and the soil of micron hydroxyapatite (mHAP) repairing heavy metal pollution
Earth, they can reduce Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr of bioavailable state in soil, and after adding nano material, in Plantula Brassicae chinensis body
Tenor decline.Nano-TiO2The nano material such as catalysis material, nano zero valence iron also plays in soil remediation environment
Important function, it is possible to effectively reduce heavy metal ion pollution toxicity.Wang Meng is by potted plant experiment research nanometer renovation agent: hydroxyl
Apatite HAP, red mud RM, Fe3O4, humic acid-Fe3O4On the impact of Cd absorption and transport in contaminated soil.
Carbon nanomaterial is the ingredient that field of nanometer material technology is important, mainly includes CNT, fullerene, Graphene
And derivant etc..Graphene (graphene, GE) is that a kind of carbon atom by sp2 hydridization is formed with hexagonal array
Periodic cellular shape two dimension carbonaceous new material, has the physico-chemical property of uniqueness.2004, Univ Manchester UK's physics and
Geim and Novoselov of astronomy system etc. peel off graphite crystal with adhesive tape and obtain Graphene first, and thereby is achieved
Nobel Prize in physics in 2010.Common preparation method mainly has micromechanics stripping method, chemical vapour deposition technique, crystalline epitaxial
Growth method, soliquid method etc..The specific surface area that Graphene is huge makes it high-quality adsorbent, and its adsorption operations letter
Just, the advantage such as high treating effect is widely used in aqueous environment pollution amelioration, primary attachment two pollutant: Organic substance and nothing
Machine anion.
Graphene oxide (graphene oxide, GO) is typically by graphite through chemical oxidation, ultrasonic prepares, oxygen
Functionalized graphene is easy to large-scale production.At present the conventional graphite oxidation method of report mainly have Brodie method,
Standenmaier method and Hummers method.Meanwhile, to have substantial amounts of hydroxyl, carboxyl, epoxy radicals etc. oxygen-containing for graphene oxide
Group, is a kind of hydroaropic substance, can be fixedly combined formation complex by the effect of functional group and other polymer.Cause
This, graphene oxide is highly suitable for application during water processes and removes the metal in water and organic pollution.
CNT is that graphite galvanized hexagonal wire mesh plane is rolled into the single-layer tubular material of seamless tubular or is wrapped in interior, layer by layer
The multilamellar " tube-like materials " of intussusception.CNT is divided into SWCN (SWNTs) and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes
(MWNTs).The diameter of SWCN is substantially between 0.4～2.5nm, and length is up to a few micrometers；Multi-walled carbon nano-tubes by
Multiple coaxial SWNTs form, and the number of plies can be between two-layer to tens layers, and distance 0.34nm between layers, diameter is permissible
Reach about 100nm.MWNTs specific surface is lower slightly, owing to there is more defect on MWNTs tube wall, thus has higher change
Learn activity.CNT contains abundant nanoaperture structure and huge specific surface area, and architectural feature determines its physics, chemistry
Character, is mainly manifested in it and has excellent absorbability, special electrical and mechanical character, and have excellent energy of adsorption
Power.
Graphene, graphene oxide and CNT are due to the surface texture of its uniqueness, huge specific surface area so that it is tool
There is the strongest absorbability, Organic substance, inorganic matter are all shown stronger absorption property.Numerous studies show, carbon nanometer material
Material is used for adsorbing organic contamination and has good adsorption effect, utilize Graphene formaldehyde adsorption, basic stain, containing phenyl ring Organic substance etc.
Polluter.The graphene oxide using wet method to prepare is had not only to have good mechanical features, and can active adsorption dirt
Dyestuff in dye solution.The research repair materials absorption sulfamethoxazole with Graphene as substrate, all material all shows relatively
Strong absorbability, maximal absorptive capacity successively: graphene (239.0mg g-1)>graphene–NH2 (40.6 mg·g-1) > graphene–COOH (20.5 mg·g-1)> graphene–OH(11.5 mg·g-1).Repairing performance is with environment pH
Development changes, and when pH=2 when, its absorption property is the strongest, but as pH=9, then loses absorbability.Farghali etc.
Use Hummer method to prepare graphene oxide and reduction obtains redox graphene, use CoFe2O4Modify oxidoreduction graphite
Alkene, tests its adsorption to C.I. 42590, and result shows, graphenic surface is long-pending reaches 40.6m2/g.Additionally, graphene oxide pair
Other basic stains also have preferable adsorption, utilize the methyl blue in 3DGO biopolymer gels absorption effluent and methyl
Purple, by experimentation, is respectively 1100mg/g and 1350mg/g to the absorption maximal absorptive capacity of the two, and has absorption to have
The strongest selectivity.
In a word, current carbon nanomaterial adsorption technology is limited primarily to polluted-water and administers field, and is applied to use carbon to receive
Rice material, to the regulation and control method aspect of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system, also there is no document report.
Summary of the invention
Research currently for carbon nanomaterial remediating heavy metal focuses mostly in its adsorpting characteristic in aqueous, and
Cu in unitary system2+Technology in terms of the regulation and control method of isothermal adsorption is less, it is contemplated that the peculiar environment of consumer garbage compost, this
Technology uses consumer garbage compost lixiviating solution and heavy metal mixed solution simulation soil environment, and this technology can be carbon nanomaterial
Heavy metal-passivated offer technical support.
The invention discloses following technology contents for achieving the above object:
A kind of use carbon nanomaterial to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system, it is characterised in that by the steps
Carry out:
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；Little shallow lake consumer garbage compost
Its basic physical and chemical is: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content
0.67ml·g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N
Being 8.37, wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu
341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg,
Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
The flit size of graphene microchip: 0.5-20 μm；Microplate thickness: 5-25 nm；Specific surface area: 40-60 m2/g；Density:
About 2.25 g/cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000-10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
The average thickness of graphene oxide: 3.4-7 nm；Lamella diameter: 10-50 μm；The number of plies: 5-10 layer；Specific surface area:
100-300 m2/g；Purity > 90%.
The diameter of functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity:
>90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The diameter of hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: >
90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm；
(2) method:
The present invention further discloses employing carbon nanomaterial right in raising to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system
Application in terms of the adsorption rate of heavy metal.Wherein the adsorption rate of heavy metal refers to: graphene oxide is to Cu2+Suction
Attached.Described heavy metal refers to: Cu.
More detailed description of the present invention is as follows:
1 develops materials and methods
1.1 materials and reagent
Graphene microchip (Graphene) is purchased from Nanjing Ji Cang nanosecond science and technology company limited, for black, and random flaky texture,
Flit size: 0.5-20 μm；Microplate thickness: 5-25 nm；Specific surface area: 40-60 m2/g；Density: about 2.25 g/cm3；Conductance
Rate: 8000-10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
Graphene oxide (Graphene oxide) is purchased from Suzhou Heng Qiu nanometer company, for black or brownish yellow powder, puts down
All thickness: 3.4-7 nm；Lamella diameter: 10-50 μm；The number of plies: 5-10 layer；Specific surface area: 100-300 m2/g；Purity > 90%.
Functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from Beijing
Rich space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Pure
Degree: > 90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm.
Hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (Hydroxylation multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from north
Space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 20-40 nm are won in capital；Length: 10-30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Pure
Degree: > 90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
1.2 method for designing
1.2.1 the adsorption time impact on adsorption effect
Weigh 50 mg carbon nanomaterials in the conical flask of 150 ml, add 100 ml, 100 mg L-1Cu2+Single ionic
Solution, adjust pH be 6,1 min that vibrates the most respectively, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4
h、8 h、24 h.Rapid filtration solution, with the residual concentration of metal ion in atomic absorption spectroscopy determination filtrate.
1.2.2 single heavy metal adsorption experiment
Preparation is containing Cu respectively2+The solution of single ionic variable concentrations, solution used all contains 0.01 mol L-1NaNO3Do
Supporting electrolyte, with NaOH or HNO3Regulating the acidity of heavy metal solution, the pH making solution is 6, and the concentration of Cu is respectively
25、50、100、150、200、250 mg·L-1。
Weigh in the conical flask that some parts of carbon nanomaterial of 10 mg put into 100 ml, add not in conical flask respectively
With single heavy metal solution 20 ml of concentration, filtering after 6 h that vibrate, filtrate is surveyed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (TAS-990)
Amount heavy metal concentration.According to its adsorbance of the mathematic interpolation of concentration of heavy metal ion before and after adsorption experiment.
1.3 data analysis
According to balance quality calculation adsorbance:
In formula,Initial concentration solution before absorptionIt is adsorbed toMoment solution concentrationAdsorb molten
Liquid amasss L；W adsorbent massAdsorbance mg/g.
Desorption quantity, desorption efficiency is calculated according to content of beary metal after desorbing.
Desorption efficiency=(desorption quantity/adsorbance) 100%
The experimental data of isothermal adsorption Langmuir model, the 2 kinds of isotherm adsorption model simulations of Freundlich model:
Langmuir equation:
In formula,For unit mass carbon nanomaterial absorption Solute mass during balanceFor having with absorbability
The constant of the Langmuir equation closed；Represent adsorption capacityDense for heavy metal ion in balance solution
Degree (mg L-1).
Freundlich equation:
In formula, KFWith the constant that n is Freundlich equation, it is respectively used to evaluate absorbability and the intensity of adsorbent.
Data process and use Origin 8.6 to carry out adsorbing dynamic curve matching.
2 development results analyses
Cu2+Adsorption curve on carbon nanomaterial as it is shown in figure 1, the absorption property that shows of different materials is different, wherein carbon
Nanotube is to Cu2+Adsorbance be better than Graphene and graphene oxide, three kinds when material general performance goes out low concentration absorption strong
Strong, that high concentration progressively tends towards stability trend.By the experimental data of isothermal adsorption Langmuir model, Freundlich mould
2 kinds of isotherm adsorption model simulations of type, to explain that carbon nanomaterial is to Cu2+Adsorption mechanism.
Langmuir model, the Freundilich models fitting Cu ion isothermal of absorption on different carbon nanomaterials is bent
Line is as shown in Figure 2,3；It is shown in Table 1 by the parameter of two kinds of models fitting gained.Wherein, Graphene and CNT are to Cu2+Absorption
Higher with the correlation coefficient of Freundlich models fitting, therefore, Freundlich can preferably explain Cu2+Absorption thereon
Situation.Graphene oxide is to Cu2+Absorption and the fitting degree of Langmuir model more preferable.As seen from table, Graphene, oxidation stone
Ink alkene, CNT are to Cu2+Maximal absorptive capacity be 206.752,186.971,250.767, KFValue is respectively as follows: 6.49,
11.70,7.76, and 1/n is respectively less than 1, it is seen then that three kinds of materials are all easier to absorption to Cu ion, wherein adsorption capacity is maximum
It it is CNT.
Table 1 carbon nanomaterial Adsorption of Cu2+Tellurium determination fitting parameter
3 develop conclusion
The absorption property that different materials shows is different, and wherein CNT is to Cu2+Adsorbance be better than Graphene and oxidation stone
Ink alkene, three kinds adsorb strong when material general performance goes out low concentration, the trend that high concentration progressively tends towards stability.Graphene, oxygen
Functionalized graphene, CNT are to Cu2+Maximal absorptive capacity be 206.752,186.971,250.767.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 carbon nanomaterial is to Cu 2+Adsorption isothermal curve；
Fig. 2 carbon nanomaterial Adsorption of Cu 2+Langmuir models fitting；
Fig. 3 carbon nanomaterial Adsorption of Cu 2+Freundlich models fitting.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technological means used in the present invention
It is method known in those skilled in the art.It addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, and the unrestricted present invention
Scope, the spirit and scope of the invention are limited only by the claims that follow.To those skilled in the art, without departing substantially from this
On the premise of invention spirit and scope, the various changes carrying out the material component in these embodiments and consumption or change are also
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.The present invention is raw materials used, reagent is commercially available.
Embodiment 1
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；Little shallow lake consumer garbage compost
Its basic physical and chemical is: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content
0.67ml·g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N
Being 8.37, wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu
341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg,
Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
The flit size of graphene microchip: 10 μm；Microplate thickness: 5 nm；Specific surface area: 40m2/g；Density: about 2.25 g/
cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
The average thickness of graphene oxide: 3.4nm；Lamella diameter: 10 μm；The number of plies: 5 layers；Specific surface area: 100-300
m2/g；Purity > 90%.
The diameter of functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes: 20nm；Length: 10 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The diameter of hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes: 20nm；Length: 10 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: > 90 wt%；
Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm；
(2) method:
1) weigh 50 mg carbon nanomaterials in the conical flask of 150 ml, add 100 ml, 100 mg L-1Cu2+Single from
Sub-solution, adjust pH be 6,1 min that vibrates the most respectively, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2
H, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, rapid filtration solution, with the residual concentration of metal ion in atomic absorption spectroscopy determination filtrate；
2) preparation contains Cu respectively2+The solution of single ionic variable concentrations, solution used all contains 0.01 mol L-1NaNO3
Do supporting electrolyte, with NaOH or HNO3Regulating the acidity of heavy metal solution, the pH making solution is 6, and the concentration of Cu is respectively
It is 25,50,100,150,200,250 mg L-1；
Weigh in the conical flask that some parts of carbon nanomaterial of 10 mg put into 100 ml, add different dense respectively in conical flask
Single heavy metal solution 20 ml of degree, filters after 6 h that vibrate, filtrate atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and TAS-990 measures weight
Metal concentration, according to its adsorbance of the mathematic interpolation of concentration of heavy metal ion before and after adsorption experiment.
Embodiment 2
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；Little shallow lake consumer garbage compost
Its basic physical and chemical is: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content
0.67ml·g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N
Being 8.37, wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu
341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg,
Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
The flit size of graphene microchip: 20 μm；Microplate thickness: 25 nm；Specific surface area: 60 m2/g；Density: about 2.25
g/cm3；Electrical conductivity: 10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
The average thickness of graphene oxide: 7 nm；Lamella diameter: 50 μm；The number of plies: 10 layers；Specific surface area: 300
m2/g；Purity > 90%.
The diameter of functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes: 40 nm；Length: 30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The diameter of hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes: 40 nm；Length: 30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm；
(2) method:
1) weigh 50 mg carbon nanomaterials in the conical flask of 150 ml, add 100 ml, 100 mg L-1Cu2+Single from
Sub-solution, adjust pH be 6,1 min that vibrates the most respectively, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2
H, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, rapid filtration solution, with the residual concentration of metal ion in atomic absorption spectroscopy determination filtrate；
2) preparation contains Cu respectively2+The solution of single ionic variable concentrations, solution used all contains 0.01 mol L-1NaNO3
Do supporting electrolyte, with NaOH or HNO3Regulating the acidity of heavy metal solution, the pH making solution is 6, and the concentration of Cu is respectively
It is 25,50,100,150,200,250 mg L-1；
Weigh in the conical flask that some parts of carbon nanomaterial of 10 mg put into 100 ml, add different dense respectively in conical flask
Single heavy metal solution 20 ml of degree, filters after 6 h that vibrate, filtrate atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and TAS-990 measures weight
Metal concentration, according to its adsorbance of the mathematic interpolation of concentration of heavy metal ion before and after adsorption experiment.
Claims (5)
1. one kind uses carbon nanomaterial to the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system, it is characterised in that by following step
Suddenly carry out:
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
The flit size of graphene microchip: 0.5-20 μm；Microplate thickness: 5-25 nm；Specific surface area: 40-60 m2/g；Density:
About 2.25 g/cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000-10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%；
The average thickness of graphene oxide: 3.4-7 nm；Lamella diameter: 10-50 μm；The number of plies: 5-10 layer；Specific surface area: 100-
300 m2/g；Purity > 90%；
The diameter of functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102s/cm；
The diameter of hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm；
(2) method:
1) weigh 50 mg carbon nanomaterials in the conical flask of 150 ml, add 100 ml, 100 mg L-1Cu2+Single from
Sub-solution, adjust pH be 6,1 min that vibrates the most respectively, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2
H, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, rapid filtration solution, with the residual concentration of metal ion in atomic absorption spectroscopy determination filtrate；
2) preparation contains Cu respectively2+The solution of single ionic variable concentrations, solution used all contains 0.01 mol L-1NaNO3Do
Supporting electrolyte, with NaOH or HNO3Regulating the acidity of heavy metal solution, the pH making solution is 6, and the concentration of Cu is respectively
25、50、100、150、200、250 mg·L-1；
Weigh in the conical flask that some parts of carbon nanomaterial of 10 mg put into 100 ml, add different dense respectively in conical flask
Single heavy metal solution 20 ml of degree, filters after 6 h that vibrate, filtrate atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and TAS-990 measures weight
Metal concentration, according to its adsorbance of the mathematic interpolation of concentration of heavy metal ion before and after adsorption experiment.
2. the method described in claim 1, wherein said little shallow lake its basic physical and chemical of consumer garbage compost is: organic matter contains
Amount 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content 0.67ml g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%,
Full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N is 8.37, and wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca
23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu 341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb
216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg, Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
3. described in claim 1, use carbon nanomaterial improving the regulation and control method of Cu isothermal adsorption in unitary system to a huge sum of money
Application in terms of the adsorption rate belonged to.
4. the application described in claim 3, wherein the adsorption rate of heavy metal refers to: graphene oxide is to Cu2+Absorption.
5. the application described in claim 3, wherein said heavy metal refers to: Cu2+。
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU975575A1 (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1982-11-23 | Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Государственный Университет Им.300-Летия Воссоединения Украины С Россией | Method for detecting copper by the atom absorption |
| CN104772118A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-15 | 河北工业大学 | Hydrophilic graphene based carbon material and application thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-06-21 CN CN201610442953.2A patent/CN106092932A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU975575A1 (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1982-11-23 | Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Государственный Университет Им.300-Летия Воссоединения Украины С Россией | Method for detecting copper by the atom absorption |
| CN104772118A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-15 | 河北工业大学 | Hydrophilic graphene based carbon material and application thereof |
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| ANNA STAFIEJ ET AL.: "Solid phase extraction of metal ions using carbon nanotubes", 《MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL》 * |
| 孔娜: "石墨烯在电化学分析及吸附方面的应用", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 李成杨 等: "氧化石墨烯对亚甲基蓝和铜离子的共吸附行为研究", 《环境科学学报》 * |
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