CN106090610B - A kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission utilizes system - Google Patents
A kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission utilizes system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106090610B CN106090610B CN201610464874.1A CN201610464874A CN106090610B CN 106090610 B CN106090610 B CN 106090610B CN 201610464874 A CN201610464874 A CN 201610464874A CN 106090610 B CN106090610 B CN 106090610B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energies of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission to utilize system, de- hydrocarbon unit is dehydrated including voltage stabilizing, precooling expansion power generation unit, cold energy recycle unit and natural gas are risen again unit, the de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration includes the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration and gasification installation, the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration, precooling expansion power generation unit, cold energy recycle unit and natural gas unit of rising again are sequentially connected, gasification installation is connected by gaseous mixture pipeline and natural gas unit of rising again, the rise again junction of unit of cold energy recycle unit and natural gas is also connected with precooling expansion power generation unit, then it is connected respectively with being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon device and gaseous mixture pipeline by two branch lines, the branch line being connected with being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon device is used for using low pressure natural gas as regeneration gas, water and heavy hydrocarbon component are carried to gasification installation.Compared with prior art, the present invention can take the different methods of operation according to environment, recycle pressure energy of natural gas and cold energy to greatest extent, while realize heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pressure energy during pipe network natural gas pressure regulating using technical field, more particularly, to a kind of heavy hydrocarbon zero
The efficient natural gas pipe network pressure energy of discharge utilizes system.
Background technology
Natural gas is as a kind of clean energy resource, and with national energy structural adjustment, the consumption proportion of natural gas is continuously increased,
More than 10% is increased to ratio of the year two thousand twenty natural gas in primary energy consumption, China's natural gas gas pipeline will obtain soon
Speed development.
Long-distance Transmission Pipeline generally uses high-pressure delivery, i.e.,：Natural gas is in technical process is conveyed, it is necessary to through compressor station
High-pressure delivery is risen to, until user side then needs decompression to use." the I spool road of West-east Gas that China has been constructed and put into operation successively at present
Pressure is about 10MPa, year gas supply capacity exceeded 160 billion cubic meters." II line pressure of West-east Gas is about 12MPa, supplies energy in year
Power exceedes 300 billion cubic meters.Each point defeated station point of transferring natural gas from the west to the east usually has three or four users, is conveyed to general during these downstream users
All by pressure regulation, this pressure regulation is primary pressure regulation, and user receives to come gas for needing pressure regulation again during enterprise's pipe network, and this time pressure regulation claims
For secondary pressure regulation, also some users such as China Resources, new difficult to understand, tune of the Kunlun when city gas companies are conveyed to terminal user again
It presses as pressure regulation three times.
Therefore, at present natural gas during long distance delivery, it is necessary to consume power drive calm the anger unit improve gas transmission pressure
Power；And in a manner that user side needs to be depressured using pressure regulation valve group, to reduce distribution pressure.Using pressure regulator valve pressure regulation (decompression)
When, the pressure energy of high-quality is completely consumed on the local resistance of valve is overcome, and can not be utilized effectively；And through pressure regulation valve group
After decompression, natural gas temperature can reduce (joule-Thomson effect), if also needing to be additionally provided heat in winter natural gas
Recover to suitable temperature, so as to downstream user normal use.I.e. long range pipeline gas need high-pressure delivery, are depressured and return
Temperature uses.It can be seen that during natural gas transportation, containing huge can efficiently utilize energy and the energy saving space.
Pressure energy of natural gas utilizes the new technology that technology is China's rising in recent years.At present, a variety of natural gases have been developed
Pressure energy utilization technology, including pressure energy gas storage and peak-shaving, pressure energy power generation, natural gas liquefaction, refrigeration etc..According to energy cascade profit
Principle using cold energy while power generation using pressure energy of natural gas, realizes the distributed energy that electric energy cold energy comprehensively utilizes
System is China's most efficient energy regenerating mode at this stage.
But in the recycling of actual pressure energy of natural gas, because the makings ingredient reason of pipeline gas, either
It is depressured through pressure regulation valve group or expanded machine, all can have heavy hydrocarbon precipitation due to the temperature of natural gas after decompression reduces.
Heavy hydrocarbon precipitation is due to can all there is the presence of the heavier the hydrocarbon components of more than C4 from the natural gas that underground produces so that day
The hydrocarbon dew point of right gas can be higher.The dew point of hydro carbons mixed gas is related with its component, pressure.Natural gas hydrocarbons dew point changes general
Rule is：With the reduction of gas pressure, the hydrocarbon dew point of natural gas accordingly reduces；When pressure is constant, hydro carbons temperature reduces
Under to the pressure during itself dew point, heavy hydrocarbon will be precipitated.Therefore heavy hydrocarbon is had when temperature is less than heavy hydrocarbon dew point under a certain pressure
Be precipitated, heavy hydrocarbon is combined with moisture at this time can form hydrate, and hydrate can occur in solid form when the temperature is low, temperature compared with
Wax-like viscous fluid can be then formed when high.Heavy hydrocarbon is which kind of form can all generate larger harm, such as through door station pressure regulation valve group
The heavy hydrocarbon formed is depressured, solid-state Hydrate Plugging natural gas line can be formed in temperature relatively low winter and jeopardizes natural valve station peace
Row for the national games.If expanded machine be depressured because into gas dehydration before expanding machine take off hydrocarbon not exclusively due to formed heavy hydrocarbon, harm
By bigger, the solid-state hydrate of formation can crash the impeller of expanding machine, jeopardize the safe operation of expanding machine.
Prevent heavy hydrocarbon from generating the measure of harm at present.The way at natural gas pressure regulating door station is, under normal circumstances through door station tune
Pressure valve group is depressured the low-lying corner that the heavy hydrocarbon hydrate majority to be formed is deposited in natural gas line with wax-like dope, door standing-meeting
These heavy hydrocarbon hydrates are collected into a heavy hydrocarbon storage tank at station, local chemical enterprise can periodically recycle these heavy hydrocarbons, and in temperature
Relatively low winter is spent to prevent heavy hydrocarbon from forming solid-state Hydrate Plugging door station natural gas line, then is carried using before pressure regulation with electric tracing
The way of high natural gas temperature.And current natural gas pressure energy is utilized in technological design, to prevent the expanded machine decompression of natural gas
Temperature reduces and the safe operation of heavy hydrocarbon hydrate crisis expanding machine occurs, then using to adding in advance into the natural gas before expanding machine
Heat, making the natural gas after expanded machine decompression, temperature is higher than hydrocarbon dew point at this pressure, will not generate heavy hydrocarbon hydrate.
On the one hand natural gas pressure regulating door station can change the makings ingredient of natural gas, drop for the processing method of heavy hydrocarbon hydrate
The combustion heat value of low natural gas；The temperature of another aspect electric tracing heated natural gas raising natural gas can waste the electricity of high-quality
Can, it is unfavorable for energy saving.And current natural gas overbottom pressure is utilized before being used in design technology into expanding machine to heated by natural gas
Method, the electric energy for a large amount of expanding machines will be wasted sending, while also it is unfavorable for the cold energy profit after the expanded machine expansion cooling of natural gas
With this mode can reduce the utilization ratio of pressure energy of natural gas on the whole, lose more than gain, and influence pressure energy of natural gas utilization
The popularization of scheme in practical applications.
Under the national conditions being becoming tight in energy resources day, how using the design of efficient process system, the processing of rational heavy hydrocarbon
Method, suitable energy utilization mode, so that the available pressure during effectively obtaining natural gas transportation can be one and be worth grinding
The proposition studied carefully.
Chinese patent CN102563958B disclose it is a kind of using the power generation of pipe network pressure energy of natural gas and the method for ice making with
Device when what the content of the invention mainly solved is using pressure energy of natural gas, obtains the unicity and natural gas of form of energy
The industrial actual application problem of pressure energy technology.Although the invention can comprehensively utilize pressure energy of natural gas (while power generation into
Row refrigeration), but the product electric energy in the invention is mainly used for for regulation door station office building and worker's household electricity, and remainder is then
Compression refrigeration cycle ice making is directly driven, that is, the electric energy for consuming high-quality is used for ice making.The invention is also without proposing that pipe is defeated simultaneously
Natural gas is during pressure energy utilization to the treating method of generation heavy hydrocarbon hydrate.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emissions
Natural gas pipe network pressure energy utilizes system.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission utilizes system, swollen including the de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration, precooling
It swollen generator unit, cold energy recycle unit and rises again unit for leading to the natural gas of downstream natural gas user,
The de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration includes remove the water in pipe network high-pressure natural gas and heavy hydrocarbon component
The de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration and the gasification installation for the water of removing and heavy hydrocarbon component to be gasified again,
The dehydration takes off hydrocarbon device, precooling expansion power generation unit, cold energy recycle unit and natural gas and rises again unit
Natural gas line connection is passed sequentially through,
The gasification installation is connected by gaseous mixture pipeline and natural gas unit of rising again,
The cold energy recycle unit and natural gas rise again unit junction also by natural gas line and precooling
Expansion power generation unit connects, and is then connected respectively with being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon device and gaseous mixture pipeline by two branch lines, with taking off
The branch line that water takes off the connection of hydrocarbon device is used to, using low pressure natural gas as regeneration gas, carry water and heavy hydrocarbon component enters gasification dress
It puts.
The precooling expansion power generation unit includes heat exchanger and expanding machine, the high temperature fluid passage of the heat exchanger
One end is connected with being dehydrated the gas outlet of de- hydrocarbon device, and the other end is connected with expanding machine, and expanding machine is connected with generator, described
One end of cry-fluid passage of heat exchanger pass through natural gas line and the cold energy recycle unit and natural gas returns
The junction connection of warm unit, the other end are equipped with the branch line.
The high temperature fluid passage of the heat exchanger and the both ends of cry-fluid passage further respectively have natural gas shunt valve
Road.
The cold energy recycle unit include through the sequentially connected cold energy recycle device of natural gas line and
Tank, the tank are also connected by water pipe with cold energy recycle device, and system is provided for cold energy recycle device
Ice water, the Imported gas of the cold energy retracting device and gas outlet end are additionally provided with natural gas bypass duct.
Natural gas unit of rising again is included through sequentially connected first electric heating heat exchanger of natural gas line and the
Two electric heating heat exchangers are equipped with natural gas at the Imported gas and gas outlet of first electric heating heat exchanger and bypass
Pipeline simultaneously distinguishes set temperature measuring instrument, is equipped at the Imported gas and gas outlet of second electric heating heat exchanger
Natural gas bypass duct and the set temperature measuring instrument at its Imported gas.
The rise again junction of unit of the gaseous mixture pipeline and natural gas is located at the natural gas of the first electric heating heat exchanger
Natural gas tube road between outlet and the Imported gas of the second electric heating heat exchanger.
The gasification installation includes gas-liquid separator and heater of rising again, and the gas-liquid separator is used for receiving to come from
The regeneration gas and water and heavy hydrocarbon component of the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration, and gas-liquid separation is carried out, the gas after gas-liquid separation passes through check-valves
Into gaseous mixture pipeline, liquid enters gaseous mixture pipeline after heater heating of rising again by check-valves.
The cold energy recycle unit and natural gas rise again unit junction and the precooling expansion power generation list
Natural gas tube road between member is equipped with vortex-shedding meter.
The de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration further includes the pressure maintaining valve before being arranged on the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration.
While present system is generated electricity using pipe network pressure energy of natural gas to the cold energy of the cryogenic natural gas after expansion into
Row recycles, and system can not only replace former door station voltage-regulating system normal work in the present invention, moreover it is possible to according to the difference of environmental condition
The different methods of operation is taken, pipe network pressure energy of natural gas and cold energy are recycled to greatest extent, so as to fulfill natural gas high pressure pipe network
Pressure regulation with rising again, realize the high efficiente callback and utilization of high-pressure natural gas pressure energy and cold energy, while can also to greatest extent not
The component for changing natural gas does not change the combustion heat value of natural gas, realizes heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission ".
First, high pressure pipeline gas contain after pressure maintaining valve voltage stabilizing into the de- hydrocarbon device removing natural gas of dehydration
Most of moisture and heavy hydrocarbon (preventing natural gas from forming solid-state hydrate in expander pressure reduction), after purge drying
Natural gas enters precooling in heat exchanger, so can further improve cold energy use rate, reduces the high pressure day that enter expanding machine
The temperature of right gas.Then the high-pressure natural gas after purge drying precooling enters expanding machine decompression, and expanding machine revolves in pressure reduction
Turn mechanical part and drive electrical power generators, electricity can directly surf the Internet.High-pressure natural gas flows through the speed of expanding machine quickly,
Natural gas and extraneous heat output very little, it is believed that be adiabatic constant entropy expansion, this results in high-pressure natural gas in expansion decompression
The temperature of natural gas can also reduce in the process.It is natural using low temperature that cryogenic natural gas after decompression enters cold energy recycle unit
The cold energy of gas, according to the principle that energy ladder utilizes, the natural gas after the recycling of cold energy recycle unit enters tank,
Then the high-pressure natural gas that heat exchanger precooling will enter expanding machine is entered through vortex-shedding meter again, and in cooled tank
Water can be as the ice making water of cold energy recycle unit.Low pressure natural gas after heat exchanger exchanges heat, which remixes, is dehydrated de- hydrocarbon
Device separate and by gasification installation gasification gaseous hydrocarbon aqueous mixtures after reach the first electric heating heat exchanger and second electricity plus
Natural gas tube road between heat exchanger, then lead to downstream natural gas user after heating up by the second electric heating heat exchanger.
In the present invention, hydrocarbon aqueous mixtures (the aqueous and heavy hydrocarbon that high-pressure natural gas generates after being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon device processing
Component), the regenerated band in the process of hydrocarbon device is taken off to dehydration from one low pressure natural gas that heat exchanger cry-fluid passage separates
Enter to gas-liquid separator, under gas-liquid separator can be led to gaseous heavy hydrocarbon moisture mixture through check-valves by gaseous mixture pipeline
Natural gas user is swum, and the heavy hydrocarbon hydrate of liquid then passes through mixture pipe after heater of rising again is heated into gaseous state through check-valves
Road carries to import by the low pressure natural gas mixing after heat exchanger exchanges heat leads to downstream natural gas user.Work as the present invention
The component that skill design can not change natural gas to the greatest extent does not change the combustion heat value of natural gas, realizes gas pressure
The principle of heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission " in recycling.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
High-pressure natural gas drives generator electricity that can directly surf the Internet by expanding machine, while according to energy step profit
Principle, the cryogenic natural gas after cold energy recycle system first pass around tank heating using its cold energy, then through changing
The high-pressure natural gas that hot device precooling will enter expanding machine recycles its cold energy, and so as to ensure, recycling high pressure is natural to greatest extent
Cold energy after gas expansion decompression.So from entire process system design angle pipe network natural gas make use of to be depressured to the greatest extent
Pressure energy in journey.And the heavy hydrocarbon Processing System Design method of the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration, gas-liquid separator and heater of rising again is used,
It not only ensure that the safe operation of high-pressure natural gas expanding machine in pressure reduction is expanded, and also ensure and do not change natural gas
Component do not change combustion of natural gas calorific value, realize well pressure energy of natural gas utilization in heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission " mesh
's.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system connection diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration, and 2 be heat exchanger, and 3 be expanding machine, and 4 be generator, and 5 fill for cold energy recycle
It puts, 6 be tank, and 7 be the first electric heating heat exchanger, and 8 be the second electric heating heat exchanger, and 9 be gas-liquid separator, and 10 add to rise again
Hot device, 11 be the first temperature measuring set, and 12 be second temperature measuring instrument, and 13 be the 3rd temperature measuring set, and 14 be vortex-shedding meter；
V1 is pressure maintaining valve, and V2 is the first electric control valve, and V3 is the second electric control valve, and V4 is first check-valve, and V5 is
Second check-valve, V6 are the first ball valve, and V7 is the second ball valve, and V8 is the 3rd ball valve, and V9 is the 4th ball valve, and V10 is the 5th ball valve,
V11 is the 6th ball valve, and V12 is the 7th ball valve, and V13 is the 8th ball valve, and V14 is the 9th ball valve, and V15 is the tenth ball valve, V16 the
11 ball valves, V17 be the 12nd ball valve, V18 be the 13rd ball valve, V19 be the 14th ball valve, V20 be the 15th ball valve, V21
For the 16th ball valve, V22 is the 17th ball valve, and V23 is the 18th ball valve, and V24 is the 19th ball valve；
L1 is the first branch line, and L2 is second branched pipe road, and L3 is gaseous mixture pipeline
I is the de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration, and II is precooling expansion power generation unit, and III is cold energy recycle unit, and IV is day
Right gas is risen again unit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
A kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission utilizes system, as shown in Figure 1, being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon list including voltage stabilizing
First I, precooling expansion power generation unit II, cold energy recycle unit III and for lead to the natural gas of downstream natural gas user return
Warm unit IV.The de- hydrocarbon unit I of voltage stabilizing dehydration includes pressure maintaining valve 11, for the water in pipe network high-pressure natural gas and heavy hydrocarbon component to be taken off
The de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration and the gasification installation for the water of removing and heavy hydrocarbon component to be gasified again, gasification installation removed includes gas
Liquid/gas separator 9 and heater 10 of rising again；Precooling expansion power generation unit II includes heat exchanger 2 and expanding machine 3, and expanding machine 3 is connected with
Generator 4；Cold energy recycle unit III includes cold energy recycle device 5 and tank 6；Natural gas is risen again unit IV bags
Include the first electric heating heat exchanger 7 and the second electric heating heat exchanger 8.
Pressure maintaining valve 11, the de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration, the high temperature fluid passage of heat exchanger 2, expanding machine 3, cold energy recycle device
5th, tank 6, the first electric heating heat exchanger 7 and the second electric heating heat exchanger 8 are sequentially connected by natural gas line, expanding machine 3
Blow-down pipe is additionally provided on natural gas line between cold energy retracting device 5, tank 6 also passes through water pipe and cold energy recycle
Device 5 connects, and ice making water is provided for cold energy recycle device 5.The junction of 6 and first electric heating heat exchanger 7 of tank
It is connected by natural gas line with the cry-fluid passage of heat exchanger 2, then passes through the first branch line L1 and second branched pipe
L2 two branch lines in road are connected respectively with being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon device 1 and gaseous mixture pipeline L3, and mixed pipe line L3 leads to the first electricity and adds
On pipeline between the Imported gas of the gas outlet of hot device 7 and the second electric heater 8, the first branch line L1 is used for will
Low pressure natural gas carries the water in the de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration and heavy hydrocarbon component enters gas-liquid separator 9, by gas as regeneration gas
Liquid separates, and gas enters gaseous mixture pipeline L3 by first check-valve V4, and liquid is after the heating of heater 10 of rising again by the
Two check-valves V5 enter gaseous mixture pipeline L3.
The Imported gas and gas outlet of 2 high temperature fluid passage of heat exchanger are respectively equipped with the first ball valve V6 and the second ball
Valve V7, the Imported gas and gas outlet of cry-fluid passage are respectively equipped with the 8th ball valve V13 and the 9th ball valve V14；It is cold
The Imported gas and gas outlet of energy recycle device 5 are respectively equipped with the 4th ball valve V9 and the 5th ball valve V10；First electricity
The Imported gas and gas outlet of heating heat exchanger are respectively equipped with the 16th ball valve V21 and the 17th ball valve V22；Second electricity
The Imported gas and gas outlet of heating heat exchanger are respectively equipped with the 12nd ball valve V17 and the 13rd ball valve V18；Cold energy returns
It receives the rise again junction of unit IV of range site III and natural gas and is located at a points in figure, cold energy recovery unit III and natural gas
The natural gas of a points on the natural gas line between unit of rising again rise again unit IV sides equipped with the first electric control valve V2, a point with changing
The second electric control valve V3 and vortex-shedding meter 14 are equipped with successively on the natural gas line of the cry-fluid passage connection of hot device 2,
The first temperature measuring set 11 and second temperature are respectively equipped at the Imported gas and gas outlet of first electric heating heat exchanger 7
Measuring instrument 12 is equipped with the 3rd temperature measuring set 13, the high-temperature stream of heat exchanger 2 at the Imported gas of second electric heating heat exchanger 8
The both ends of body passage, the both ends of the cry-fluid passage of heat exchanger 2, the Imported gas of cold energy recycle device 5 and natural
Between gas outlet, between the Imported gas and gas outlet of the first electric heating heat exchanger 7, the second electric heating heat exchanger 8
Bypass natural gas bypass duct, the high temperature fluid passage both ends of heat exchanger 2 are equipped between Imported gas and gas outlet
Natural gas bypass duct be equipped with the 3rd ball valve V8, on the natural gas bypass duct at the cry-fluid passage both ends of heat exchanger 2
Equipped with the tenth ball valve V15, volume natural gas bypass duct between the Imported gas and gas outlet of cold energy recycle device 5
The 6th ball valve V11 and the 7th ball valve V12 is equipped with, between the Imported gas and gas outlet of the first electric heating heat exchanger 7
Natural gas bypass duct be equipped with the 18th ball valve V23 and the 19th ball valve V24, the natural gas of the second electric heating heat exchanger 8
Natural gas bypass duct between import and gas outlet is equipped with the 14th ball valve 19 and the 15th ball valve 20.From heat exchanger
2 gas pipeline out is divided into the first branch line L1 and second branched pipe road L2, gas-liquid separator 9 and gaseous mixture in b points
The junction of pipeline L3 is located at f points, and the junction for the heater 10 and gaseous mixture pipeline L3 that rises again is located at d points.
The natural gas pipe network pressure energy of the heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission of the present invention is run using system there are mainly three types of mode：
First way is that the natural gas after cold energy recycle device 5 all goes 2 precooling of heat exchanger to enter expansion
The natural gas of machine 3；
The second way is that the natural gas partial after cold energy recycle device 5 goes 2 precooling of heat exchanger to enter expanding machine 3
Natural gas；
The third is that natural gas after cold energy recycle device 5 does not go precooling to enter the natural gas of expanding machine 3, entirely
Portion leads to downstream natural gas user by the first electric control valve V2.
The these types of method of operation is primarily to further utilize the cold energy of natural gas after expansion decompression, while can also carry
High pass is risen again to it without the electric energy for consuming high-quality, is improved on the whole toward the temperature of the natural gas of downstream natural gas user
Entire pressure energy of natural gas utilizes the efficiency of system, reduces the energy loss of natural gas west_east gas transmission pipeline, preferably saves energy
Source, environmental protection.
Below using be suitable for 15 DEG C of 5MPa pressure regulation to 2MPa pipe network pressure energy of natural gas and cold energy recycle system as
Example illustrates：
The first method of operation is described in detail：First, the pipe network high-pressure natural gas of 15 DEG C of 5MPa is finely tuned steady through pressure maintaining valve V1
The moisture and heavy hydrocarbon of the carrying of pipe network natural gas are removed after pressure into the de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration, then enters through the first ball valve 6 and exchanges heat
The heat exchange cooling of device 2, cooled natural gas, into the expansion decompression of expanding machine 3, expand expanding machine in pressure reduction through the second ball valve 7
3 rotary part drives generator 4 to send electric energy, and electricity can directly surf the Internet.And high-pressure natural gas is in expansion decompression
Temperature can also decrease in the process, if in the case of without considering the heat exchange precooling high-pressure natural gas of heat exchanger 2, the pipe of 15 DEG C of 5MPa
Net high-pressure natural gas temperature when the expansion of expanding machine 3 is depressured to 2MPa can drop to -37.4 DEG C therewith, and exchange heat by heat exchanger 2
Temperature can be lower after high-pressure natural gas expansion decompression after precooling.Secondly, the cryogenic natural gas of the 2MPa after decompression is through the 4th ball valve
V9 enters cold energy of the cold energy recycle device 5 using its cryogenic natural gas, designs after the utilization of cold energy recycle device 5
Natural gas temperature is -10 DEG C, and the natural gas after cold energy recycle enters tank 6 through the 5th ball valve V10, reuses low temperature
The cold energy of natural gas.And the water of tank 6 can be the system of device 5 as cold energy recycling behind municipal water use, cooled cooling
Ice water, while the temperature of natural gas can be improved again, the temperature for designing the natural gas after tank 6 is increased to 0 DEG C or so.From storage
The natural gas that pond 6 comes out enters heat exchanger 2 in a points through the second electric control valve V3, vortex-shedding meter 14, the 8th ball valve V13
Precooling will enter the high-pressure natural gas of expanding machine 3, and the second electric control valve V3 standard-sized sheets, the first electric control valve V2 are fully closed at this time.
0 DEG C of cryogenic natural gas temperature is elevated again after the heat exchange of heat exchanger 2, i.e. cold energy entrained by natural gas after expansion decompression
It is further utilized, this is exactly that energy ladder utilizes embodiment of the principle in the design invention.Low pressure after the heat exchange of heat exchanger 2
Natural gas flows to e points through the 9th ball valve V14, the 11st ball valve V16.Finally, the low pressure natural gas of e points is crossed through the 3rd temperature survey
Judge whether temperature reaches requirement of the downstream user to temperature after counting 13 thermometrics, through the 14th ball valve V19, the 15th if reaching
Ball valve V20 leads to downstream natural gas user, through the 12nd ball valve V17 if not reaching, is heated by the second electric heating heat exchanger 8
After heating reaches requirement, lead to downstream natural gas user through the 13rd ball valve V18.
Processing for the moisture and heavy hydrocarbon deviate from from natural gas：First, from high pressure pipe network natural gas remove heavy hydrocarbon and
Moisture mixture is stored in the de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration, then one low pressure natural gas is extracted out as regeneration gas from b points, to dehydration
De- hydrocarbon device 1 is regenerated, and regeneration gas carries moisture and heavy hydrocarbon mixture enters gas-liquid separator 9.The gas in gas-liquid separator 9
In the natural gas that the heavy hydrocarbon moisture mixture of state imports towards downstream through first check-valve V4 in f points, and the heavy hydrocarbon moisture of liquid
Mixture is deposited on the bottom of gas-liquid separator 9, through second check-valve V5 in d point sinks after heater 10 of rising again is heated into gaseous state
Enter to lead in the natural gas in downstream.
The natural gas towards downstream come out after heat exchanger heat exchange through the 9th ball valve V14, which can carry heavy hydrocarbon, both sides
On the one hand reason is that the content of low pressure natural gas itself heavy hydrocarbon at this time is few, because unsaturation be easy to be mixed into heavy hydrocarbon into
Point；On the other hand low pressure natural gas velocity ratio at this time is very fast, and the gaseous state heavy hydrocarbon ingredient being mixed into is easy to carry under flow direction
Trip.Because heavy hydrocarbon ingredient at this time has been gaseous state, and expands the low pressure natural gas after decompression and used by cold energy three times, temperature is
Through rising again to more than zero degree, thus carry heavy hydrocarbon stream in low pressure natural gas and do not have heavy hydrocarbon precipitation blocking pipe during downstream
Road.It can be seen that a kind of efficient natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission " that designs of the present invention using system i.e.
It ensure that the pressure energy of high pressure pipe network natural gas obtains efficiently sufficiently utilizing, in turn ensure the process that pressure energy of natural gas utilizes
Middle heavy hydrocarbon will not jeopardize the safe operation of whole system, also achieve and utilize heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission in system in pressure energy of natural gas
Put " purpose and ensure that the component of natural gas will not change the principle not changed with the combustion heat value of natural gas.
The detailed description of second of method of operation：First, the identical point from the first method of operation is the pipe of 15 DEG C of 5MPa
Net high-pressure natural gas removes moisture and heavy hydrocarbon in natural gas after pressure maintaining valve V1 finely tunes voltage stabilizing into the de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration, into
Enter heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat, expand and be depressured into expanding machine 3, its cold energy is utilized into cold energy recycle device 5, into tank 6
Reusing its cold makes natural gas rise again.Secondly, the difference with the first method of operation is that low pressure natural gas is divided into a points
Two strands of natural gases, one natural gas are pre- into heat exchanger 2 through the second electric control valve V3, vortex-shedding meter 14, the 8th ball valve 13
Then the cold high-pressure natural gas that enter 3 expansion work of expanding machine is extracted one as dehydration through the 9th ball valve V14 in b points
The regeneration gas of de- hydrocarbon device 1, to f points and d points mixes and imports gaseous state heavy hydrocarbon ingredient respectively, and e points are reached through the 11st ball valve V16；
Another strand of natural gas measures its temperature, if this strand of low pressure day at this time through the first electric control valve V2 in the first temperature measuring set 11
Right temperature degree will not make that strand of natural gas for carrying heavy hydrocarbon with reaching e points that heavy hydrocarbon be precipitated after mixing, then through the 18th ball valve
V23, the 19th ball valve V24 and second temperature measuring instrument 12 reach e points, are otherwise just changed through the 16th ball valve V21, the first electrical heating
Hot device 7 heats up, the 17th ball valve V22 and 12 thermometric of second temperature measuring instrument with ensure two strands of natural gases e points mixing after not
Heavy hydrocarbon precipitation is had, reaches e points.Two strands of natural gases after the mixing of e points through 13 thermometric of the 3rd temperature measuring set, if reaching downstream day
Right gas user through the 14th ball valve V19, the 15th ball valve V20 after the temperature requirement of natural gas towards downstream natural gas to then using
Otherwise family reaches downstream natural gas user to natural gas through the 12nd ball valve V17,8 heat temperature raising of the second electric heating heat exchanger
After temperature requirement, lead to downstream natural gas user through the 13rd ball valve V18.
It is different using system that such method of operation of the present invention is suitable for the variation of environment temperature throughout the year and pressure energy
Operating condition demand.For two strands of uninterrupteds, can be measured by total flow and vortex-shedding meter 14.And to the control of two plume amounts
System can be controlled by the aperture of the first electric control valve V2 and the second electric control valve V3.
The detailed description of the third method of operation：First, the pipe network high-pressure natural gas of 15 DEG C of 5MPa is finely tuned through pressure maintaining valve V1
Into the moisture and heavy hydrocarbon in the de- 1 removing natural gas of hydrocarbon device of dehydration after voltage stabilizing, enter the expansion drop of expanding machine 3 through the 3rd ball valve V8
Pressure (the first ball valve V6 and the second ball valve V7 are closed), its cold energy is utilized into cold energy utilization device 5, sharp again into tank 6
Cold natural gas is made to rise again with its.Secondly, the difference with the first method of operation is the low pressure natural gas warp come out from tank
First electric control valve V2 measures temperature in the first temperature gauge 11, if the temperature of natural gas reaches the natural user in downstream to temperature
The requirement of degree is then through the 18th ball valve V23, the 19th ball valve V24, second temperature meter 12, e points, the 3rd temperature gauge
13rd, the 14th ball valve V19, the 15th ball valve V20 lead to downstream natural gas user；Otherwise add through the 16th ball valve V21, the first electricity
7 heat temperature raising of heat exchanger reaches requirement of the downstream natural gas user to natural gas, then through second temperature meter 12, e points,
Three temperature gauges 13, the 14th ball valve V19, the 15th ball valve V20 lead to downstream natural gas user.
Invention also contemplates that pressure energy of natural gas is designed using system safeguard protection, there is the following aspects：
(1) heat exchanger 2 needs the low-temp low-pressure natural gas precooling overhauled or be not required to after cold energy use to enter expanding machine 3 swollen
During swollen high-pressure natural gas, the first ball valve V6, the second ball valve V7, the 8th ball valve V13 and the 9th ball valve V14 can be closed, opens the
Three ball valve V8 and the tenth ball valve V15.
(2) it is to prevent that the low pressure natural gas adverse current towards downstream from entering gas-liquid using first check-valve V4 and second check-valve V5
Separator 9 and heater 10 of rising again.
(3) cold energy recycle device 5 needs to overhaul, and when ensureing system normal operation in certain period of time, can close
The 4th ball valve V9 and the 5th ball valve V10 is closed, opens the 6th ball valve V11 and the 7th ball valve V12.
(4) allow for directly heat pipeline with electric heater using electric heating heat exchanger and be easy to cause high temperature open fire danger
Danger, influences the safe operation of natural gas line.It can for the use of the first electric heating heat exchanger 7 and the second electric heating heat exchanger 8
One group of spare electric heating heat exchanger is set respectively.
Be dehydrated de- hydrocarbon unit for voltage stabilizing the invention has the advantages that：(1) pressure maintaining valve V1 is provided with, stabilization has finely tuned entrance
The pressure of the de- hydrocarbon device 1 of dehydration reduces influence of the pressure oscillation to the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration.(2) it is provided with the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration
2, realize a tower abjection moisture and heavy hydrocarbon.(3) be provided with gas-liquid separator 9, rise again heater 10 and first check-valve V4 and
Second check-valve V5, the moisture and heavy hydrocarbon that ensure that in high-pressure side abjection mix well in low-pressure side imports low pressure natural gas stream
Downstream.Check-valves prevents low pressure natural gas adverse current from entering gas-liquid separator 9 and heater of rising again simultaneously.Realize heavy hydrocarbon well
The purpose of " zero-emission " ensure that the component of natural gas will not change and not change with the combustion heat value of natural gas.
For voltage stabilizing precooling expansion power generation unit the invention has the advantages that：(1) being provided with 2 precooling of heat exchanger will enter
The high-pressure natural gas of expanding machine is realized using principle by cold energy recycle device 5 and water storage according to the volume ladder of energy
The third time of low pressure natural gas cold energy utilizes after pond 6.(2) it is provided with the pressure regulation dress that expanding machine 3 replaces natural gas transportation door station
Put carry out pressure regulation.(3) generator 4 is provided with, realizes the mechanical energy generated in high-pressure natural gas expansion process for generating electricity, institute
Power generation can directly surf the Internet.
For cold energy recycle unit the invention has the advantages that：(1) cold energy recycle device 5 is provided with, it can be with
Recycle most cold energy after high-pressure natural gas expansion is depressured.(2) bypass is provided with, when cold energy recycle system needs
During maintenance, when ensureing system normal operation in certain period of time, the 4th ball valve V9 and the 5th ball valve V10 can be closed, is opened
6th ball valve V11 and the 7th ball valve V12 improves the security reliability of system.(3) tank 6, the water of tank 6 are provided with
From municipal water use, cooling water can be as the ice making water in cold energy use retracting device 5.The design of tank 6 can simultaneously
With the temperature of rise low pressure natural gas, the cold energy of natural gas after expansion has been reused.
For natural gas rise again unit the invention has the advantages that：(1) ensure that there is provided electric heating heat exchanger under leading to
The temperature of trip natural gas reaches requirement of the downstream user to natural gas temperature.(2) bypass is provided with when by the first temperature survey
When the natural gas temperature that 11 or the 3rd temperature gauge 13 of meter measures reaches the requirement of gas downstream user, just add without electricity
The heating of heat exchanger leads to downstream natural gas user from branch.(3) changed for the first electric heating heat exchanger 7 and the second electrical heating
The use of hot device 8 can set one group of spare electric heating heat exchanger respectively, and the setting of electric heating heat exchanger ensure that the temperature of natural gas
Degree reaches the requirement of downstream user.
It is had the following advantages for the whole system of the present invention：(1) variation of environment temperature throughout the year is adapted to,
Using different operating conditions.(2) consider pressure energy of natural gas to design using system safeguard protection, improve pressure of the present invention
Security of system can be utilized.(3) according to energy gradient using principle, the present invention three subgradients of design recycle high-pressure natural gas
Cold energy after expansion improves the utilization ratio that pressure energy utilizes system.
In order to ensure the safe and efficient operation of pressure energy of natural gas recycling system, ensure to realize that overbottom pressure utilizes system
The component that middle heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission " principle does not change natural gas does not change the combustion heat value of natural gas, eliminates heavy hydrocarbon to pressure energy
The harm generated using system, this requires carry out sufficiently profit to the cold of natural gas during recycling and rise again in pressure energy
With to the de- hydrocarbon processing of the sufficiently dehydration of the natural gas into expanding machine.A kind of heavy hydrocarbon " zero-emission " of the present invention it is efficient natural
Gas pipe network pressure energy can be competent at this task using system, by theory analysis and practical proof, it is believed that the system is conscientiously may be used
Capable, mainly there is the following aspects as theory and using foundation：
First, the expanding machine technology maturation that present system uses, equipment are stablized, and meet theoretical design requirements, therefore should
The stable operation that can ensure system in system is utilized for pressure energy of natural gas；Secondly, design system of the present invention realizes weight
The purpose of hydrocarbon " zero-emission " does not have an impact the combustion of natural gas calorific value for leading to downstream natural gas user；Again, present invention system
Principle of uniting is simple, significant effect, meets the precondition of energy-saving application Technique Popularizing, is ensureing natural valve station safety in production
Under the premise of, discarded pressure energy of natural gas and cold energy are fully used originally, have notable effect to improving efficiency of energy utilization
Fruit；Meanwhile independent design is arranged in pairs or groups with rational, and original equipment is run without influence, and there are many operating conditions；In addition, the hair
Bright middle pressure energy and the recycling process of cold energy hardly consume natural gas in itself, and the benefit economically brought also quite may be used
It sees.Therefore, present system has the potentiality popularized and promoted well.
In conclusion present system meets the adjusting of pipe network gas pressure and the requirement of temperature recovery, weight is realized
Hydrocarbon " zero-emission ".If present system obtains extensive promotion and application, gas distributing system pressure regulation process can be effectively utilized
Complementary energy (pressure energy and cold energy), promote pipe network natural gas transportation during overbottom pressure utilize hair of the technology in China's power-saving technology
Exhibition is the important means for the development tactics for adapting to China's high efficiency of energy cascade utilization.And analyzed through deeply measuring and calculating with considering, it uses
Annual earnings are higher after the project payoff period of the present invention, help preferably to embody the practicality of overbottom pressure in gas distributing system transmission process
Value has fine impetus to the fundamental state policy of China's energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission utilizes system, which is characterized in that is dehydrated de- hydrocarbon list including voltage stabilizing
It member, precooling expansion power generation unit, cold energy recycle unit and rises again unit for leading to the natural gas of downstream natural gas user,
The de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration includes the dehydration for the water in pipe network high-pressure natural gas and heavy hydrocarbon component to be removed
De- hydrocarbon device and the gasification installation for the water of removing and heavy hydrocarbon component to be gasified again,
The dehydration takes off hydrocarbon device, precooling expansion power generation unit, cold energy recycle unit and natural gas and rises again unit successively
It is connected by natural gas line,
The gasification installation is connected by gaseous mixture pipeline and natural gas unit of rising again,
The rise again junction of unit of the cold energy recycle unit and natural gas is also expanded by natural gas line and precooling
Generator unit connects, and is then connected respectively with being dehydrated de- hydrocarbon device and gaseous mixture pipeline by two branch lines, de- with being dehydrated
The branch line of hydrocarbon device connection is used to, using low pressure natural gas as regeneration gas, carry water and heavy hydrocarbon component enters gasification installation.
2. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The precooling expansion power generation unit includes heat exchanger and expanding machine, and one end of the high temperature fluid passage of the heat exchanger is with taking off
Water takes off the gas outlet connection of hydrocarbon device, and the other end is connected with expanding machine, and expanding machine is connected with generator, the heat exchanger
One end of cry-fluid passage risen again unit by natural gas line and the cold energy recycle unit and natural gas
Junction connects, and the other end is equipped with the branch line.
3. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 2 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The high temperature fluid passage of the heat exchanger and the both ends of cry-fluid passage further respectively have natural gas bypass duct.
4. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The cold energy recycle unit is included through the sequentially connected cold energy recycle device of natural gas line and tank, institute
The tank stated also is connected by water pipe with cold energy recycle device, provides ice making water for cold energy recycle device, institute
The Imported gas for the cold energy retracting device stated and gas outlet end are additionally provided with natural gas bypass duct.
5. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The natural gas rises again unit including by sequentially connected first electric heating heat exchanger of natural gas line and the second electrical heating
Heat exchanger, be equipped at the Imported gas and gas outlet of first electric heating heat exchanger natural gas bypass duct and point
Other set temperature measuring instrument is equipped with by natural gas at the Imported gas and gas outlet of second electric heating heat exchanger
Road pipeline and the set temperature measuring instrument at its Imported gas.
6. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 5 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The rise again junction of unit of the gaseous mixture pipeline and natural gas is located at the gas outlet and the of the first electric heating heat exchanger
Natural gas tube road between the Imported gas of two electric heating heat exchangers.
7. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The gasification installation includes gas-liquid separator and heater of rising again, and the gas-liquid separator is used for receiving from the de- hydrocarbon of dehydration
The regeneration gas and water and heavy hydrocarbon component of device, and gas-liquid separation is carried out, the gas after gas-liquid separation enters mixing by check-valves
Air pipe, liquid enter gaseous mixture pipeline after heater heating of rising again by check-valves.
8. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The cold energy recycle unit and natural gas rise again unit junction and the precooling expansion power generation unit between
Natural gas tube road is equipped with vortex-shedding meter.
9. a kind of natural gas pipe network pressure energy of heavy hydrocarbon zero-emission according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that
The de- hydrocarbon unit of voltage stabilizing dehydration further includes the pressure maintaining valve before being arranged on the de- hydrocarbon device of dehydration.
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| CN108518584A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | A kind of high-pressure natural gas pipe network pressure energy recycling system |
| CN110239852B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2023-11-14 | 江苏科威环保技术有限公司 | Oil storage tank top self-sealing and double-sealing combined system |
| CN114046188B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-06 | 重庆科技学院 | Closed natural gas pipeline power generation and filtering device |
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