CN106086468A - A kind of method and system utilizing ferronickel powder to extract nickel oxide - Google Patents
A kind of method and system utilizing ferronickel powder to extract nickel oxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN106086468A CN106086468A CN201610650312.6A CN201610650312A CN106086468A CN 106086468 A CN106086468 A CN 106086468A CN 201610650312 A CN201610650312 A CN 201610650312A CN 106086468 A CN106086468 A CN 106086468A
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- ferronickel
- nickel
- powder
- ammonia
- nickel oxide
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- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 38
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 60
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NBFQLHGCEMEQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Ni] Chemical compound N.[Ni] NBFQLHGCEMEQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- CNJLMVZFWLNOEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-5-one Chemical compound O=C1C(C)CCC2C(C)(C)C12 CNJLMVZFWLNOEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- FWABRVJYGBOLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium;azane;carbonate Chemical compound N.[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C([O-])=O FWABRVJYGBOLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- WRWZNPYXEXPBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane cobalt Chemical class N.[Co] WRWZNPYXEXPBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYTBWVFCSVDTEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;iron Chemical class N.[Fe] QYTBWVFCSVDTEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- FMQXRRZIHURSLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)silane;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O FMQXRRZIHURSLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method and system utilizing ferronickel powder to extract nickel oxide.Said method comprising the steps of: ferronickel fine powder is selectively oxidized roasting by (1), obtains product of roasting；(2) product of roasting is carried out ammonia leaching ammonia still process calcination processing and obtains nickel oxide product.Described system includes selective oxidation calciner and ammonia leaching ammonia still process calciner plant.Utilize the present invention can effectively utilize ferronickel powder to pass through wet processing extraction and obtain highly purified nickel oxide (> 99%), thus while improving ferronickel powder value, reduce the production cost of nickel, high (> 95% of the nickel recovery of whole flow process).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of extraction of nonferrous metals, and particularly relates to a method and a system for extracting nickel oxide by using ferronickel powder.
Background
In recent years, with the exhaustion of high-grade nickel sulfide ores and the rapid development of domestic stainless steel industry, low-grade laterite-nickel ores become main raw materials for producing ferronickel products. The wet treatment of laterite-nickel ore begins in 40 th 20 th century, the ammonia leaching process is adopted at the earliest, and the process is invented by professor Caron and is also called Caron process. The basic process of the process is reduction roasting-ammonia leaching, the purpose of the reduction roasting is to reduce nickel silicate and nickel oxide in the laterite-nickel ore to the maximum extent into metal, and simultaneously the reduction condition is controlled to reduce most of iron into Fe3O4Only a small part of the iron is reduced to metallic iron, and NH is used for calcining3And CO2Metallic nickel and cobalt are converted into nickel-ammonia and cobalt-ammonia complexes to enter a solution, metallic iron also generates iron-ammonia complexes to enter the solution, then ferric hydroxide precipitates are generated through oxidation and hydrolysis and separated from an ammonia leaching solution, the ammonia leaching solution is subjected to ammonia distillation to obtain basic nickel carbonate, and then the basic nickel carbonate is calcined to obtain NiO. NiO can be sold as a product, and can also be reduced by hydrogen to obtain metallic nickel. The disadvantage of this process is the low recovery of nickel, because in reducing laterite-nickel ores, it is ensured that iron is reduced to the metallic state as little as possible, which promotes the aggregation and growth of nickel due to the reduction of ironOne-step control results in a large loss of nickel, resulting in low nickel recovery (nickel recovery is typically below 75%) throughout the process. So far, only a few factories in the world adopt the method to treat the laterite-nickel ore, and few new factories adopt the ammonia leaching process for more than thirty years.
The fire method for processing the laterite-nickel ore is the mainstream process at present, wherein reduction roasting-grinding magnetic separation has become a hot point of research. The method is characterized in that laterite-nickel ore is used as a raw material, coal powder is used as a reducing agent, nickel in the ore is completely reduced into metallic nickel by adopting direct reduction equipment under a high-temperature condition, iron is partially reduced into metallic iron according to the carbon content, and then the metallic iron is enriched into nickel-iron powder through magnetic separation. At present, the ferronickel powder has no large-scale industrial application, and the research is only on the level that the briquette is used as the raw material for converter steelmaking or the ferronickel alloy obtained by melting treatment is used as the raw material for smelting stainless steel, so that the added value of the product is not high. If the nickel is extracted by treating the ferronickel powder by the ammonia leaching process, unlike the reduction calcine of the Caron process, the iron in the ferronickel powder exists almost completely in the form of metallic iron, and a large amount of ammonia leaching agent is consumed in the leaching process, so that the leaching of nickel is difficult.
Thus, ferronickel powder processing techniques are in need of further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and a system for extracting nickel oxide from ferronickel powder, wherein the method can effectively utilize the ferronickel powder to obtain high-purity nickel oxide (> 99%) by a wet process, so that the production cost of nickel is reduced while the utilization value of the ferronickel powder is improved, and the nickel recovery rate of the whole process is more than 95%.
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for extracting nickel oxide using ferronickel powder, which includes, according to an embodiment of the present invention:
(1) carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder to obtain a roasted product;
(2) and carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcination treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product.
In addition, the method for extracting nickel oxide by using the nickel-iron alloy according to the above embodiment of the invention may also have the following additional technical features:
if the granularity of the ferronickel powder to be selectively oxidized and roasted is too coarse, the oxidation reaction is not facilitated, and at the moment, the ferronickel powder needs to be finely ground to obtain the ferronickel fine powder before the step (1).
Specifically, the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder is less than or equal to 150 microns.
Furthermore, the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder is less than or equal to 50 microns.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ferronickel fine powder has an iron content of 50 to 90 wt% and a nickel content of 4 to 10 wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), the temperature of the selective oxidizing roasting is controlled to be 300-.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for extracting nickel oxide using fine nickel iron, the system including, according to an embodiment of the present invention: comprises a selective oxidizing roasting device and an ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-roasting device; wherein,
the selective oxidizing roasting device is provided with a ferronickel fine powder inlet, an oxidizing gas inlet and a roasting product outlet;
the ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcining device is provided with a calcined product inlet and a nickel oxide outlet, and the calcined product inlet is connected with the calcined product outlet.
When the granularity of the ferronickel fine powder entering the selective oxidizing roasting device is too coarse, the oxidation reaction is not facilitated to be carried out, at the moment, the ferronickel fine powder selective oxidizing roasting device further comprises a fine grinding device, the fine grinding device is provided with a ferronickel powder inlet and a ferronickel fine powder outlet, and the ferronickel fine powder outlet is connected with the ferronickel fine powder inlet. And (3) finely grinding ferronickel powder by using a fine grinding device to obtain the ferronickel fine powder, wherein the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder is less than or equal to 150 micrometers, and preferably the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder is less than or equal to 50 micrometers.
The ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-calcining device also comprises a magnetic tailing outlet, the magnetic tailing outlet is connected with an inlet of an iron-making system, and the magnetic tailings can be sent to the iron-making system after magnetic separation and used as raw materials.
Therefore, according to the method and the system for extracting nickel oxide by using ferronickel powder, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, high-purity nickel oxide (> 99%) can be obtained by effectively using the ferronickel powder through a wet process, so that the production cost of nickel is reduced while the utilization value of the ferronickel powder is improved, and the nickel recovery rate in the whole process is high (> 95%).
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for extracting nickel oxide from ferronickel powder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for extracting nickel oxide using ferronickel powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, a method for extracting nickel oxide from ferronickel powder is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: (1) carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder to obtain a roasted product; (2) and carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcination treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product.
The inventor finds that the iron in the ferronickel powder exists mainly in a metal state, the metallic iron reacts with ammonia, and the subsequent ammonia leaching is not suitable for directly converting the metallic iron into Fe3O4Then no ammonia is consumed. Then, firstly, ferronickel powder is finely ground to obtain ferronickel fine powder, and then the ferronickel fine powder is selectively oxidized to selectively oxidize iron into Fe3O4Nickel is not oxidized, thereby obtaining a roasted product; and finally, obtaining a nickel oxide product by utilizing the existing mature ammonia leaching-ammonia steaming-calcining process of the roasted product. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively utilize the ferronickel powder to obtain the high-purity nickel oxide by wet process extraction>99 percent of nickel, thereby improving the utilization value of the ferronickel powder, reducing the production cost of nickel and having high nickel recovery rate in the whole process (>95％)。
The inventor finds that the iron in the ferronickel powder exists mainly in a metal state, the metallic iron reacts with ammonia, and the subsequent ammonia leaching is not suitable for directly converting the metallic iron into Fe3O4Then no ammonia is consumed. Thus, the ferronickel powder is firstly obtained by fine grinding treatmentFine ferronickel powder, and then selectively oxidizing the fine ferronickel powder into Fe3O4Nickel is not oxidized, thereby obtaining a roasted product; and finally, obtaining a nickel oxide product by utilizing the existing mature ammonia leaching-ammonia steaming-calcining process of the roasted product. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively utilize the ferronickel powder to obtain the high-purity nickel oxide by wet process extraction>99 percent of nickel, thereby improving the utilization value of the ferronickel powder, reducing the production cost of nickel and having high nickel recovery rate in the whole process (>95％)。
The method for extracting nickel oxide using a ferronickel powder according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
s100: and carrying out fine grinding treatment on the ferronickel powder.
According to the embodiment of the invention, ferronickel powder is subjected to fine grinding treatment, so that ferronickel fine powder can be obtained. The inventors found that the contact area of the ferronickel powder with the oxidizing gas can be significantly increased by finely grinding the ferronickel powder, and the physical activation of the ferronickel powder can be realized, thereby significantly improving the selective oxidizing roasting effect.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific content of nickel and iron in the ferronickel powder is not particularly limited, and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of nickel in the ferronickel powder may be 4 to 10 wt%, and the content of iron may be 50 to 90 wt%. The inventor finds that in the existing preparation process, in order to obtain high-purity nickel oxide, copper-nickel ore with high nickel content is generally needed, so that the raw material production cost is high, and the raw material is not easy to purchase, but the requirement on the grade of nickel in the raw material is low, and although the grade of nickel in the nickel-iron powder is low, the high-purity nickel oxide (the content of nickel oxide is higher than 99%) can be prepared by adopting the method, so that the raw material source is widened, and the production cost of the nickel oxide is reduced.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder is not particularly limited and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder may be not higher than 150 micrometers, and more preferably not higher than 50 micrometers. The inventor finds that the activity of the ferronickel fine powder in the particle size range is high, and the contact area of the ferronickel fine powder and oxidizing gas in the selective oxidizing roasting process is large, so that the selective oxidizing roasting effect can be obviously improved.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention ferronickel powder may be obtained by reducing laterite-nickel ores. Specifically, firstly, laterite-nickel ore, reducing coal and additives are mixed and pelletized to obtain mixed pellets, then the mixed pellets are subjected to reduction treatment in a rotary kiln or a rotary hearth furnace to obtain metallized pellets, and then the obtained metallized pellets are subjected to water quenching, ore grinding and magnetic separation treatment to obtain ferronickel powder. The inventor finds that by adopting the laterite-nickel ore as the raw material for preparing the ferronickel powder, the nickel oxide with high purity (the content of the nickel oxide is higher than 99 percent) can be prepared by adopting the method of the invention although the grade of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore is lower, so that the raw material source is widened and the production cost of the nickel oxide is reduced.
Of course, if the ferronickel powder used for the selective oxidizing roasting has small particles and meets the requirements of the selective oxidizing roasting, the fine grinding step of the ferronickel powder can be omitted.
S200: and carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel powder.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the ferronickel fine powder is subjected to selective oxidizing roasting, so that a roasted product can be obtained. The inventor finds that the selective oxidizing roasting of the ferronickel fine powder can oxidize iron into Fe by utilizing the characteristic that the iron and the nickel have different affinities for oxygen3O4While nickel is not oxidized, and Fe in the subsequent ammonia leaching process3O4Does not react with ammonia, thus greatly reducing the consumption of ammonia. It should be noted that, the selective oxidizing roasting conditions can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. According to the embodiment of the present inventionThe temperature of the selective oxidation roasting is controlled to be 300-3O4While nickel is not oxidized.
S300: and (3) carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcination treatment on the roasted product.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the roasted product is subjected to ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcination treatment, so that a nickel oxide product and magnetic tailings can be obtained. In the step, specifically, firstly, the roasted product is leached in ammonia-ammonium carbonate solution, and oxidizing gas is blown into the solution at the same time, so that the nickel in the roasted product and ammonia are subjected to a complex reaction to generate a nickel ammonia complex Ni (NH)3)6 2+And the iron and the gangue are left in the magnetic leaching residue after entering the solution, and ammonia distillation operation is carried out after the leaching is finished to produce basic nickel carbonate Ni (OH)2·NiCO3And finally calcining to obtain a nickel oxide NiO product. It should be noted that the ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-calcining conditions can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.
Therefore, according to the method for extracting nickel oxide by using ferronickel powder, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, high-purity nickel oxide (> 99%) can be obtained by effectively using the ferronickel powder through a wet process, so that the production cost of nickel is reduced while the utilization value of the ferronickel powder is improved, and the nickel recovery rate in the whole process is high (> 95%).
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for extracting nickel oxide using ferronickel powder. According to an embodiment of the invention, the system comprises: the fine grinding device is provided with a ferronickel powder inlet and a ferronickel fine powder outlet and is suitable for performing fine grinding treatment on the ferronickel powder so as to obtain ferronickel fine powder; the selective oxidizing roasting device is provided with a ferronickel fine powder inlet, an oxidizing gas inlet and a roasting product outlet, and the ferronickel fine powder inlet is connected with the ferronickel fine powder outlet and is suitable for performing selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder so as to obtain a roasting product; the ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-calcining device is provided with a roasted product inlet and a nickel oxide outlet, wherein the roasted product inlet is connected with the roasted product outlet and is suitable for performing ammonia leaching, ammonia distilling and calcining treatment on the roasted product so as to obtain a nickel oxide product.
It should be noted that, in the system for extracting nickel oxide by using ferronickel powder of the present invention, the fine grinding device is not necessary equipment, and is only needed when the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder entering the selective oxidizing roasting device is too coarse to facilitate the oxidation reaction.
Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively utilize the ferronickel powder to obtain high-purity nickel oxide (> 99%) by wet process extraction, thereby improving the utilization value of the ferronickel powder, reducing the production cost of nickel and having high nickel recovery rate (> 95%) in the whole process.
The system for extracting nickel oxide using ferronickel powder according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 in conjunction with fig. 2. In this embodiment, the system includes:
fine grinding apparatus 100: according to an embodiment of the present invention, the fine grinding apparatus 100 has a ferronickel powder inlet 101 and a ferronickel fine powder outlet 102, and is adapted to subject ferronickel powder to a fine grinding process, so that ferronickel fine powder can be obtained. The inventor finds that the contact area of the ferronickel powder and oxidizing gas can be remarkably increased by finely grinding the ferronickel powder, and the ferronickel powder can be physically activated, so that the subsequent selective oxidizing roasting effect is remarkably improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific content of nickel and iron in the ferronickel powder is not particularly limited, and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of nickel in the ferronickel powder may be 4 to 10 wt%, and the content of iron may be 50 to 90 wt%. The inventor finds that in the existing preparation process, in order to obtain high-purity nickel oxide, copper-nickel ore with high nickel content is generally needed, so that the raw material production cost is high, and the raw material is not easy to purchase, but the requirement on the grade of nickel in the raw material is low, and although the grade of nickel in the nickel-iron powder is low, the high-purity nickel oxide (the content of nickel oxide is higher than 99%) can be prepared by adopting the method, so that the raw material source is widened, and the production cost of the nickel oxide is reduced.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder is not particularly limited and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the ferronickel fine powder may be not higher than 150 micrometers, and more preferably 50 micrometers. The inventor finds that the activity of the ferronickel fine powder in the particle size range is high, and the contact area of the ferronickel fine powder and oxidizing gas in the selective oxidizing roasting process is large, so that the selective oxidizing roasting effect can be obviously improved.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention ferronickel powder may be obtained by reducing laterite-nickel ores. Specifically, firstly, laterite-nickel ore, reducing coal and additives are mixed and pelletized to obtain mixed pellets, then the mixed pellets are subjected to reduction treatment in a rotary kiln or a rotary hearth furnace to obtain metallized pellets, and then the obtained metallized pellets are subjected to water quenching, ore grinding and magnetic separation treatment to obtain ferronickel powder. The inventor finds that by adopting the laterite-nickel ore as the raw material for preparing the ferronickel powder, the nickel oxide with high purity (the content of the nickel oxide is higher than 99 percent) can be prepared by adopting the method of the invention although the grade of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore is lower, so that the raw material source is widened and the production cost of the nickel oxide is reduced.
The selective oxidizing roasting device 200 is provided with a ferronickel fine powder inlet 201, an oxidizing gas inlet 202 and a roasting product outlet 203, wherein the ferronickel powder inlet 201 is connected with the ferronickel fine powder outlet 102 and is suitable for performing selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder so as to obtain a roasting product. The inventors have found that selective oxidizing roasting of fine ferronickel powder can oxidize iron to Fe by utilizing the difference in affinity of iron and nickel for oxygen3O4While nickel is not oxidized, and Fe in the subsequent ammonia leaching process3O4Does not react with ammonia, thus greatly reducing the consumption of ammonia. It should be noted that, the selective oxidizing roasting conditions can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass content of the metal iron in the roasted product is less than 5%, and the proportion of the metal nickel in the total nickel is more than 95%, so that the oxidation of iron into Fe can be ensured3O4While nickel is not oxidized.
The ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-calcining device 300 is provided with a roasted product inlet 301, a nickel oxide outlet 302 and a magnetic tailing outlet 303, wherein the roasted product inlet 301 is connected with the roasted product outlet 203, and the roasted product is suitable for ammonia leaching, ammonia distilling and calcining treatment on the roasted product so as to obtain a nickel oxide product. In the step, specifically, firstly, the roasted product is leached in ammonia-ammonium carbonate solution, and oxidizing gas is blown into the solution at the same time, so that the nickel in the roasted product and ammonia are subjected to a complex reaction to generate a nickel ammonia complex Ni (NH)3)6 2+And the iron and the gangue are left in the magnetic leaching residue after entering the solution, and ammonia distillation operation is carried out after the leaching is finished to produce basic nickel carbonate Ni (OH)2·NiCO3And finally calcining to obtain a nickel oxide NiO product. It should be noted that the ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-calcining conditions can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.
Therefore, according to the system for extracting nickel oxide by using ferronickel powder, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the ferronickel powder can be effectively used for extracting high-purity nickel oxide (> 99%) by using a wet process, so that the production cost of nickel is reduced while the utilization value of the ferronickel powder is improved, and the nickel recovery rate in the whole process is high (> 95%).
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Example 1
Carrying out fine grinding treatment on ferronickel powder (containing 4.00 percent of Ni and 50.00 percent of TFe) on a fine grinding device to obtain ferronickel fine powder with the particle size of not more than 150 mu m, then carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder at the temperature of 500 ℃, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 0.5 percent by volume percent, and carrying out roasting time of 20min to obtain a roasted product, wherein the content of metallic iron is 4.34 percent, the metallic nickel accounts for 95.07 percent of the total nickel, and finally carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-roasting treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product (the grade of the nickel oxide is 99.02 percent) and magnetic tailings, and carrying out magnetic separation on the magnetic tailings to be used as an iron-making raw material, wherein the nickel recovery rate of the whole process is 95..
Example 2
Carrying out fine grinding treatment on ferronickel powder (containing 7.12% of Ni and 59.62% of TFe) on a fine grinding device to obtain ferronickel fine powder with the particle size of not more than 150 mu m, then carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder at the temperature of 400 ℃, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 2% by volume percent, and carrying out roasting time to be 5min, wherein the content of metallic iron in the obtained roasted product is 3.43%, the metallic nickel accounts for 96.11% of the total nickel, finally carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-roasting treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product (the grade of the nickel oxide is 97.51%) and magnetic tailings, carrying out magnetic separation on the magnetic tailings and then sending the nickel oxide product as an iron-making raw material, and the nickel recovery rate of the whole process is 95.
Example 3
Carrying out fine grinding treatment on ferronickel powder (containing 10.00 percent of Ni and 77.56 percent of TFe) on a fine grinding device to obtain ferronickel fine powder with the particle size of not more than 50 mu m, then carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder at the temperature of 450 ℃, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 1 percent by volume and the roasting time to be 15min, wherein the content of metallic iron in the obtained roasting product is 5.00 percent, the proportion of metallic nickel in total nickel is 98.89 percent, finally carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-roasting treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product (the grade of nickel oxide is 99.51 percent) and magnetic tailings, carrying out magnetic separation on the magnetic tailings and then sending the nickel oxide product as an iron-making raw material, and the nickel recovery rate of the whole process is 97.36.
Example 4
Carrying out fine grinding treatment on ferronickel powder (containing 8.11% of Ni and 90.00% of TFe) on a fine grinding device to obtain ferronickel fine powder with the particle size of not more than 50 mu m, then carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder at the temperature of 300 ℃, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 1.5% by volume percent, and carrying out roasting time of 10min to obtain a roasted product, wherein the content of metallic iron is 3.34%, and the metallic nickel accounts for 99.02% of the total nickel, finally carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-roasting treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product (the grade of nickel oxide is 99.51%) and magnetic tailings, carrying out magnetic separation on the magnetic tailings and then sending the nickel oxide product as an iron-making raw material, and the nickel recovery rate of the whole process is 98..
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The disclosure of the present application is directed to exemplary embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made in the various embodiments of the present application without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, the described embodiments are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, unless the context indicates otherwise, words that appear in the singular include the plural and vice versa. Additionally, all or a portion of any embodiment may be utilized with all or a portion of any other embodiment, unless stated otherwise.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting nickel oxide by utilizing ferronickel powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out selective oxidizing roasting on the ferronickel fine powder to obtain a roasted product;
(2) and carrying out ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcination treatment on the roasted product to obtain a nickel oxide product.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein before step (1), the ferronickel powder is finely ground to obtain the ferronickel fine powder.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ferronickel fines have a particle size of 150 microns or less.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the ferronickel fine powder has a particle size of 50 microns or less.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of iron in the ferronickel fine powder is 50 to 90 wt%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nickel content in the ferronickel fine powder is 4 to 10 wt%.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the temperature of the selective oxidizing roasting is controlled to be 300-.
8. A system for extracting nickel oxide by utilizing ferronickel powder is characterized by comprising a selective oxidizing roasting device and an ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporating-calcining device; wherein,
the selective oxidizing roasting device is provided with a ferronickel fine powder inlet, an oxidizing gas inlet and a roasting product outlet;
the ammonia leaching-ammonia evaporation-calcining device is provided with a calcined product inlet and a nickel oxide outlet, and the calcined product inlet is connected with the calcined product outlet.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising a fine grinding apparatus having a ferronickel fines inlet and a ferronickel fines outlet, the ferronickel fines outlet connected to the ferronickel fines inlet.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the ammonia leaching-ammonia distilling-calcining apparatus further comprises a magnetic tailings outlet.
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