CN106084155A - The multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without method for preparing template - Google Patents

The multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without method for preparing template Download PDF

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CN106084155A
CN106084155A CN201610592864.6A CN201610592864A CN106084155A CN 106084155 A CN106084155 A CN 106084155A CN 201610592864 A CN201610592864 A CN 201610592864A CN 106084155 A CN106084155 A CN 106084155A
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oil
emulsion
water
template
porous polymer
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CN106084155B (en
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张招柱
李永
葛博
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F292/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
    • C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
    • C08J2201/0502—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase the liquid phase being organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2351/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2351/10—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to inorganic materials

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without method for preparing template, concretely comprise the following steps: divinylbenzene, nano silicon, azodiisobutyronitrile addition ethyl acetate will be mixed to form pre-polymerization liquid；Pre-polymerization liquid is reacted under hydrothermal conditions, finally volatilizes solvent.It is characteristic of the invention that ethyl acetate is not only as solvent but also as porogen, it is to avoid the use of template and post processing；In hierarchical porous structure, low-surface-energy and multiple dimensioned coarse structure polymerization process in position, a step realizes；Resulting materials has high porosity, the highest specific surface area, pore volume and the super-hydrophobic super-oleophylic of excellence.Therefore this material can be not only used for the separation of conventional oil aqueous mixtures and may be used for polytype oil-in-water types such as nanoscale/submicron order and separate with the emulsion of water-in-oil type.Low in raw material price of the present invention, preparation condition is gentle and need not the equipment of complexity, it is to avoid the using and removing of template.

Description

Preparing without template of the multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without method for preparing template, Specifically hierarchical porous structure and super-hydrophobicity are incorporated in polymeric system in hydro-thermal polymerization process, thus obtain that there is height The material of the super-hydrophobic super-oleophylic of degree loose structure, high-specific surface area, pore volume and excellence.This multilevel hole material can be applied In oil-water separation especially oil hydrosol separation field.
Background technology
The most serious water pollution accidents mankind taking place frequently and causing due to a large amount of trade effluents and leakage of oil event are rely life The environment deposited.For environment and the requirement of economic development, in the urgent need to seek the approach of high-efficiency and economic remove the oil in sewage or Person's organic pollution.For solving this problem, people make use of a series of material such as inorganic adsorbent, activated carbon or natural The greasy dirt of fiber and other material absorption water surface, but owing to it is the most hydrophilic but also oleophylic thus poor selectivity, have impact on actual application.
In order to seek the separating pathway of high-efficiency and economic, people have developed series of new by the wellability changing material Oil-water separation material, such as super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic perforated membrane, superoleophobic/super hydrophilic film and the graphene sponge of high absorption capacity, The porous integral materials such as the polyurethane sponge of CNT sponge and modification.Multiple oil and organic solvent are had by these materials Selective adsorption.But the raw material of costliness or complicated harsh preparation condition make them not prepare on a large scale, and Only the separation to simple oil water mixture is effective, and the oil hydrosol above-mentioned material stable for surfactant just loses its point From function.Even if having some materials can be used for emulsion separate but can typically be only used to Water-In-Oil or oil-in-water single emulsion point From, the oil-water separation material that can efficiently separate Water-In-Oil and oil-in-water system while of preparing is relatively difficult.Therefore prepare Cheap, environmental protection, and the functional material that can concurrently separate Water-In-Oil and oil-in-water emulsion systems is extremely urgent.
The most more to oil-water separation investigation of materials in recent years, but separate for oil hydrosol and be especially simultaneously suitable for The material requirements that Water-In-Oil separates with oil-in-water emulsion systems is harsh, therefore at present for being simultaneously suitable for Water-In-Oil and oil-in-water The material report that emulsion system separates is few.Tuteja etc. are prepared for Water-In-Oil and O/w emulsion by the method for dip-coating The membrane material (Nat. Commun.2012,3,1025) that system separates.Xue Li is new etc. prepares PVDF film and achieves Water-In-Oil With the separation (Adv. Mater. 2014,26,2,943 2948) of oil-in-water emulsion systems, thus cause the extensive of people Pay close attention to.But, at present both at home and abroad relevant template-free method is prepared multi-stage porous polymer and is realized Water-In-Oil and oil-in-water emulsion systems divides From material but rarely have report.Typically require when preparing porous material and use lyophilization or template, special equipment, numerous Trivial template preparation process and needs etching or other post processing are to remove the template used, time-consumingly expensive, do not meet currently The theory of Green Chemistry, far from meeting its wide application.Additionally, the mechanical performance of material is the most often Actual application can not be met.Therefore present invention is simple, the strong multi-stage porous polymer of stability for Water-In-Oil and The separation of oil-in-water emulsion systems is extremely necessary, and the process aspect for complex wastewater has potential great market.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without mould Plate preparation method.
Preparation method of the present invention is green simple, and gained multi-stage porous polymer can arbitrarily grind, and has good machine Tool intensity and can be recycled, solves filtering type breakdown of emulsion nethike embrane when being used for multiple times because emulsion is blocking microporous, pollute nethike embrane And cause the problem that separation efficiency is substantially reduced, thus effectively extend the service life of material.
Technical scheme: select suitable solvent as porogen to avoid the use of template, is gathered by hydro-thermal The method closed obtains the novel super-hydrophobic oil-water separation material with hierarchical porous structure, high-specific surface area, and the material obtained can For oil water mixture and the separation of oil hydrosol.
The multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without method for preparing template, it is characterised in that include Following steps:
1) nano silicon ultrasonic disperse 10～40 min in ethyl acetate is i.e. obtained silica dispersions, then turning Speed is monomer divinylbenzene, initiator azodiisobutyronitrile to be added silicon dioxide dispersion under the conditions of 500～1300 r/min Liquid stirs 2～6 h and i.e. obtains pre-polymerization liquid；
2) by above-mentioned pre-polymerization liquid at 60～150 DEG C of hydro-thermal reactions 12～24 h, will after reaction gained mixture is cooled to room temperature It is placed in 20～50 DEG C of volatilizations until solvent volatilization completely, then grinds i.e. to obtain separates for oil water mixture and oil hydrosol Multi-stage porous polymer.
Described nano silicon is 4.0～16.0% with the mass percent of divinylbenzene；Described azodiisobutyronitrile It is 1.6～4.0% with the mass percent of divinylbenzene；Described divinylbenzene with the mass volume ratio of ethyl acetate is 0.05～0.1 g/mL.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
1) preparation process is simple, the advantage of porous material and super hydrophobic material is combined, is obtained by one step hydro thermal method To not only there is hierarchical porous structure and high-specific surface area but also there is the oil-water separation material of excellent super-hydrophobicity.
2) preparation process is without template, only need solvent flashing i.e. to can get hierarchical porous structure, it is to avoid the mould that template is loaded down with trivial details The processes such as plate preparation and removing.The raw material used is floride-free and solvent low toxicity is environmentally friendly, meets the theory of current Green Chemistry.
3) this material can be used not only for the separation of simple oil water mixture, and can separate nanoscale/submicron order Separate with the emulsion of oil-in-water type etc. polytype water-in-oil type, have greatly expanded the scope of application of material.
4) the good mechanical stability of this material can arbitrarily be ground and pile up, and can reuse, and solves filtering type Breakdown of emulsion nethike embrane when being used for multiple times because emulsion is blocking microporous, pollute nethike embrane and the problem that causes separation efficiency to be substantially reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the picture of the made product of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is that the made product of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is for toluene Bao Shui and water armored benzole soln separating effect figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
Silicon dioxide 0.1 gram
Divinylbenzene 2.5 grams
Ethyl acetate 30 mL
Azodiisobutyronitrile 0.07 gram
Hydrothermal temperature 120 DEG C
Response time 18 h
Solvent volatilization temperature 25 DEG C
Weighing each component according to the above ratio, be first distributed in solvent by nano silicon, ultrasonic time is 10 min, so After under the conditions of being 800 r/min at rotating speed, monomer divinylbenzene, initiator azodiisobutyronitrile are joined above-mentioned mixing Thing stirs 2 h, forms pre-polymerization liquid.Then above-mentioned pre-polymerization liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethyllining lining of 100 mL, with 5 DEG C/ Min heating rate rises to 120 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 18 h.Reaction is cooled to room temperature and is volatilized by solvent in 25 DEG C of environment after terminating The most i.e. can get the hydrophobic polymer integral material of multi-stage porous.It measures its contact angle is that specific surface area exists more than 160 ° 800 m2About/g.It is seated in after being ground in chromatographic column and gets final product separation of methylbenzene bag aqueous emulsion, chloroform bag aqueous emulsion and correspondence O/w emulsion.
Embodiment 2:
Silicon dioxide 0.2 gram
Divinylbenzene 2.5 grams
Ethyl acetate 32 mL
Azodiisobutyronitrile 0.07 gram
Hydrothermal temperature 110 DEG C
Response time 20 h
Solvent volatilization temperature 30 DEG C
Weighing each component according to the above ratio, be first distributed in solvent by nano silicon, ultrasonic time is 20 min, so After under the conditions of being 1000 r/min at rotating speed, monomer divinylbenzene, initiator azodiisobutyronitrile are joined above-mentioned mixing Thing stirs 3 h, forms pre-polymerization liquid.Then above-mentioned pre-polymerization liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethyllining lining of 100 mL, with 5 DEG C/ Min heating rate rises to 110 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 20 h.Reaction is cooled to room temperature and is volatilized by solvent in 30 DEG C of environment after terminating The most i.e. can get the hydrophobic polymer integral material of multi-stage porous.It measures its contact angle is that specific surface area is big more than 160 ° In 820 m2/g.It is seated in after being ground in chromatographic column and gets final product separation of methylbenzene bag aqueous emulsion, chloroform bag aqueous emulsion and correspondence O/w emulsion.
Embodiment 3:
Silicon dioxide 0.4 gram
Divinylbenzene 6.0 grams
Ethyl acetate 80 mL
Azodiisobutyronitrile 0.15 gram
Hydrothermal temperature 110 DEG C
Response time 24 h
Solvent volatilization temperature 30-40 DEG C
Weighing each component according to the above ratio, be first distributed in solvent by nano silicon, ultrasonic time is 20 min, so After under the conditions of being 1000 r/min at rotating speed, monomer divinylbenzene, initiator azodiisobutyronitrile are entered to said mixture Middle stirring 5 h, forms pre-polymerization liquid.Then above-mentioned pre-polymerization liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethyllining lining of 200 mL, with 5 DEG C/ Min heating rate rises to 110 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 24 h.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating and is waved by solvent in 30-40 DEG C of environment Distribute the hydrophobic polymer integral material that entirely i.e. can get multi-stage porous.It measures its contact angle is more than 160 °, specific surface area More than 800 m2/g.It is seated in after being ground in chromatographic column and gets final product separation of methylbenzene bag aqueous emulsion, chloroform bag aqueous emulsion and correspondence O/w emulsion.

Claims (2)

1. the multi-stage porous polymer separated for oil water mixture and emulsion without method for preparing template, it is characterised in that include with Lower step:
1) nano silicon ultrasonic disperse 10～40 min in ethyl acetate is i.e. obtained silica dispersions, then turning Speed is monomer divinylbenzene, initiator azodiisobutyronitrile to be added silicon dioxide dispersion under the conditions of 500～1300 r/min Liquid stirs 2～6 h and i.e. obtains pre-polymerization liquid；
2) by above-mentioned pre-polymerization liquid at 60～150 DEG C of hydro-thermal reactions 12～24 h, will after reaction gained mixture is cooled to room temperature It is placed in 20～50 DEG C of volatilizations until solvent volatilization completely, then grinds i.e. to obtain separates for oil water mixture and oil hydrosol Multi-stage porous polymer.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterised by the quality hundred of described nano silicon and divinylbenzene Proportion by subtraction is 4.0～16.0%；Described azodiisobutyronitrile is 1.6～4.0% with the mass percent of divinylbenzene；Described diethyl Alkenyl benzene is 0.05～0.1 g/mL with the mass volume ratio of ethyl acetate.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107474190A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-12-15 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 A kind of bio-based coagulates the preparation method and application of light wood material
CN110760030A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-02-07 江苏慧智新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method and application of hydrophobic material based on nanoparticles
CN114471486A (en) * 2022-01-29 2022-05-13 蚌埠学院 Super-hydrophobic silicon dioxide/polydivinylbenzene nano composite material and preparation method thereof

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CN104998552A (en) * 2015-07-24 2015-10-28 清华大学 Oil and water separating mesh film and preparing method and application thereof

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107474190A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-12-15 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 A kind of bio-based coagulates the preparation method and application of light wood material
CN107474190B (en) * 2017-08-09 2019-09-13 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 A kind of biology base coagulates the preparation method and application of light wood material
CN110760030A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-02-07 江苏慧智新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method and application of hydrophobic material based on nanoparticles
CN110760030B (en) * 2019-11-05 2021-06-29 江苏慧智新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method and application of hydrophobic material based on nanoparticles
CN114471486A (en) * 2022-01-29 2022-05-13 蚌埠学院 Super-hydrophobic silicon dioxide/polydivinylbenzene nano composite material and preparation method thereof

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