CN106082308A - The Preparation method and use of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere - Google Patents

The Preparation method and use of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106082308A
CN106082308A CN201610458340.8A CN201610458340A CN106082308A CN 106082308 A CN106082308 A CN 106082308A CN 201610458340 A CN201610458340 A CN 201610458340A CN 106082308 A CN106082308 A CN 106082308A
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mixed solution
hierarchy
zinc oxide
oxide
nano microsphere
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郭亚楠
窦新存
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Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G9/00Compounds of zinc
    • C01G9/02Oxides; Hydroxides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/043Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a granular material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/80Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/61Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the Preparation method and use of a kind of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere, the method utilizes solution calcination method to prepare hierarchy zinc oxide and cupric oxide nano microsphere, ordered arrangement with ammonium salt with surfactant regulation and control zinc salt with mantoquita, the Large ratio surface of hierarchy, the efficient electron transfer efficiency of pore structure and ordered structure interface are combined, thus improve the air-sensitive performance of material.By measuring H2When S is adsorbed to material surface, the change of material resistance reaches H2The purpose of S sensing;Measuring signal is voltage, curent change in sensing material resistance variations or the circuit that thus causes;Hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano the microsphere obtained by the method for the invention is quickly detecting ppb concentration H2S atmosphere has operating temperature low (125 DEG C), highly sensitive, detection limit concentration up to 1.7 × 10‑9, detection limits low feature.

Description

The Preparation method and use of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional material scientific domain and gas sensing materials field, be specifically related to a kind of with hierarchy oxygen Change the resistance-type sensing material that zinc/copper oxide is composition, become according to zinc oxide/copper oxide sensitive material resistance at the working temperature The demarcation of change amount, it is achieved to H2S detects.
Background technology
H2S occurs mainly with the processes such as petroleum refining, selexol process, biogas production, is a kind of irritant stink Severe toxicity dusty gas.It is commonly exposed to H2In S gaseous environment, breathing and neural disease can be caused.China's odor pollution Thing discharge standard (GB14554-93) regulation residential block air toxic gas safety concentration is 20-100ppb.A small amount of H2S divides Son can be as detection signal designation halitosis disease, 10ppb concentration H2S just can deteriorate the performance of hydrogen fuel cell, causes application Catalyst poisoning in hydrocarbon processing production process.Therefore, ppb level H2The detection of S is for environmental conservation, human health and peace Full production is significant, develops highly sensitive, detection low, the H of fast response time of limit2S sensing material is the most necessary.
Metal-oxide has absorption and catalysis double effect in terms of gas detecting concurrently, belongs to Surface controlled type.At H2S examines In survey method, metal oxide resistor formula sensing material has simple in construction, the advantage such as easy to make.Metal oxide resistor formula Sensing material be generally basede on oxidisability or reducibility gas metal oxide surface absorption or desorption time, oxide resistor occur Change obtains measuring signal.But, such semiconductor sensing materials'use temperature higher (200 DEG C-500 DEG C), therefore develop work Make the H of temperature low (room temperature to 200 DEG C)2S sensing material has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at, for current gas sensitive to H2The inspection sensitivity of S atmosphere is low, detects limit for height, operating temperature Height, the feature of response time length, it is provided that the Preparation method and use of a kind of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere, should Method utilizes solution calcination method to prepare hierarchy zinc oxide and cupric oxide nano microsphere, regulates and controls zinc with ammonium salt with surfactant Salt and the ordered arrangement of mantoquita, by the Large ratio surface of hierarchy, the efficient electron transfer of pore structure and ordered structure interface Efficiency combines, thus improves the air-sensitive performance of material.By measuring H2When S is adsorbed to material surface, the change of material resistance reaches To H2The purpose of S sensing;Measuring signal is voltage, curent change in sensing material resistance variations or the circuit that thus causes;Logical Cross the hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere of the method for the invention acquisition in quickly detection ppb concentration H2In S atmosphere There is operating temperature low (125 DEG C), highly sensitive, the detection low feature of limit.
The preparation method of a kind of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere of the present invention, follow these steps to into OK:
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer is molten by nonionic surfactant Solution is in deionized water, and magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution, wherein deionized water and non-ionic surface active for 60 minutes The mol ratio of agent is 25000-35000:1, and in mixed solution, nonionic surfactant concentration is 0.2mmol/L;
B, being zinc nitrate hexahydrate and Copper nitrate hexahydrate by adding nitrate in step a mixed solution, or chlorate is chlorination Zinc and copper chloride, continue magnetic agitation 30 minutes, forms uniform mixed solution, wherein nitrate or chlorate with in step a The mol ratio of nonionic surfactant is 20-100:1, and zinc salt is 0-1:1 with the mol ratio of mantoquita, nitrate in mixed solution Or perchlorate concentration is 9.0mmol/L;
C, it is ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride by step b mixed solution adds ammonium salt, continues magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed all Even mixed solution, wherein ammonium salt is 300-600:1 with the mol ratio of nonionic surfactant in step a, in mixed solution Ammonium salt concentration is 0.1mol/L;
D, being transferred in ceramic crucible by the mixed solution in step c, solution height is maintained at 1-3mm, keeps the speed that heats up Rate 1.0K/min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtains classification after annealing 2 hours Structure zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere.
The mass ratio obtaining zinc oxide in hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere and copper oxide in step d is 1:2。
Hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere that described method obtains is in quickly detection ppb concentration H2In S atmosphere Purposes.
The Preparation method and use of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere of the present invention, the method utilizes Solution calcination method prepares hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere, and uses it for ppb concentration H2The quick inspection of S atmosphere Survey.The method utilizes ammonium salt and surfactant regulation and control zinc salt and mantoquita ordered arrangement in the solution, adjusts in solution is calcined Control different annealing temperatures and annealing time, control material nucleation and crystallization.Prepared hierarchy zinc oxide/copper oxide is received The Large ratio surface of hierarchy, the efficient electron transfer efficiency of pore structure and ordered structure interface are combined by meter Wei Qiu, improve The air-sensitive performance of material.Hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano the microsphere obtained by the present invention is capable of at 125 DEG C To H2S atmosphere sensitive, quickly detect so that the Practical Performance of this material increases.
The Preparation method and use of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere of the present invention, with known technology Compare and have the advantage that and good effect:
Hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano the microsphere prepared by the method for the invention, big by hierarchy Specific surface, the efficient electron transfer efficiency of pore structure and ordered structure interface combine, thus improve the air-sensitive performance of material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffractogram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be the present invention under the conditions of temperature 125 DEG C to H2The calibration map of S;
Fig. 5 be the present invention under the conditions of temperature 125 DEG C to variable concentrations H2The response curve of S: 10ppb, 50ppb, 100ppb, 200ppb, 500ppb, 1000ppb, 10000ppb scheme, each concentration determination three times;
Fig. 6 be the present invention under the conditions of temperature 125 DEG C to variable concentrations H2The calibration map of S;
Fig. 7 be the present invention under the conditions of temperature 125 DEG C to variable concentrations H2The response curve of S: 200ppb, 500ppb, 1000ppb schemes.
Detailed description of the invention
The flesh and blood of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) three is embedding by 0.0175mmol nonionic surfactant Section copolymer is dissolved in the beaker of 9.4ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution in 60 minutes;
B, will in step a mixed solution add zinc nitrate hexahydrate 0.26mmol and Copper nitrate hexahydrate 0.56mmol, continue magnetic Power stirs 30 minutes, forms uniform mixed solution;
C, step b mixed solution will add ammonium nitrate 7.7mmol, and continue magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed uniform mixed Close solution;
D, being transferred in ceramic crucible by the mixed solution in step c, solution height is maintained at 1mm, keeps heating rate 1.0K/min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after annealing 2 hours, obtains classification knot Structure zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction are shown in Fig. 1,2,3 respectively.
Embodiment 2
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) three is embedding by 0.0175mmol nonionic surfactant Section copolymer is dissolved in the beaker of 9.4ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution in 60 minutes;
B, step a mixed solution will add Copper nitrate hexahydrate 0.8mmol, and continue magnetic agitation 30 minutes, formed uniformly Mixed solution;
C, mixed solution in step b will add ammonium nitrate 7.7mmol, and continue magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed uniform Mixed solution;
D, being transferred in ceramic crucible by the mixed solution in step c, solution height is maintained at 2mm, keeps heating rate 1.0K/min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after annealing 2 hours, obtains classification knot Structure cupric oxide nano microsphere.
Embodiment 3
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) three is embedding by 0.0175mmol nonionic surfactant Section copolymer is dissolved in the beaker of 9.4ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution in 60 minutes;
B, will in step a mixed solution add zinc nitrate hexahydrate 0.26mmol and Copper nitrate hexahydrate 0.56mmol, continue magnetic Power stirs 30 minutes, forms uniform mixed solution;
C, mixed solution in step b will add ammonium nitrate 7.7mmol, and continue magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed uniform Mixed solution;
D, the mixed solution in step c is transferred in ceramic crucible, solution height 1cm, keeps heating rate 1.0K/ Min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtains hierarchy oxygen after annealing 2 hours Change zinc/cupric oxide nano microsphere.
Embodiment 4
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) three is embedding by 0.0175mmol nonionic surfactant Section copolymer is dissolved in the beaker of 9.4ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution in 60 minutes,;
B, will in step a mixed solution add zinc nitrate hexahydrate 0.43mmol and Copper nitrate hexahydrate 0.45mmol, continue magnetic Power stirs 30 minutes, forms uniform mixed solution;
C, mixed solution in step b will add ammonium chloride 7.7mmol, and continue magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed uniform Mixed solution;
D, being transferred in ceramic crucible by the mixed solution in step c, solution height is maintained at 3mm, keeps heating rate 1.0K/min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after annealing 2 hours, obtains classification knot Structure zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere.
Embodiment 5
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) three is embedding by 0.0175mmol nonionic surfactant Section copolymer is dissolved in the beaker of 9.4ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution in 60 minutes;
B, will in step a mixed solution add zinc chlorate 0.26mmol and copper chlorate 0.56mmol, continue magnetic agitation 30 Minute, form uniform mixed solution;
C, mixed solution in step b will add ammonium chlorate 7.7mmol, and continue magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed uniform Mixed solution;
D, being transferred in ceramic crucible by the mixed solution in step c, solution height is maintained at 3mm, keeps heating rate 1.0K/min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after annealing 2 hours, obtains classification knot Structure zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere.
Embodiment 6
Detecting step:
With any one hierarchy zinc oxide and cupric oxide nano microsphere in embodiment 1-5 with cupric oxide nano microsphere it is Example prepares sensor: take respectively the standby hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere of 0.1 restraint and cupric oxide nano microsphere in In agate mortar, it is separately added into 3-5 and drips deionized water, grind to form pasty state;With fine, soft fur pen, gained sample is applied to respectively 5 pectinations On the electrode slice of electrode, form 5 sensors, electrode adds the constant current 0.45A corresponding to temperature 125 DEG C;Use Ai Li Sensor prepared by special intelligence air-sensitive analysis system test is to H2The response curve of S.
Embodiment 7
Sensor is to H2The detection of S atmosphere:
Under the bias of 4V, the sensor obtained in testing example 6 temperature 100 DEG C, 125 DEG C, 150 DEG C to 100ppb H2The response of S, the sensitive material wherein obtained in embodiment 1 has the performance of optimum, and corresponding response magnitude is respectively 20.6%, 30.3% and 12.1%, as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 8
Under the bias of 4V, the hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere sensor obtained in testing example 1 exists 125 DEG C to variable concentrations H2S responds, and its result is as it is shown in figure 5, work as H2S adsorbs at material surface, and its resistance increases, corresponding Response concentration be 10ppb, 50ppb, 100ppb, 200ppb, 500ppb, 1000ppb, 10000ppb its calibration result such as Fig. 6 Shown in, fit equation is R=0.048+0.0029C, and wherein R is responsiveness, is defined as the ratio of resistance change and resistance initial value, C is H2S concentration.
Embodiment 9
Under the bias of 4V, the cupric oxide nano microsphere sensor obtained in testing example 2 temperature 125 DEG C to difference Concentration H2S responds, and its result is as it is shown in fig. 7, work as H2S adsorbs at material surface, and its resistance increases, corresponding response concentration For 200ppb, 500ppb, 1000ppb.

Claims (3)

1. the preparation method of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere, it is characterised in that follow these steps to carry out:
A, it is that poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer is dissolved in by nonionic surfactant In deionized water, magnetic agitation forms uniform mixed solution, wherein deionized water and nonionic surfactant for 60 minutes Mol ratio is 25000-35000:1, and in mixed solution, nonionic surfactant concentration is 0.2 mmol/L;
B, by step a mixed solution add nitrate be zinc nitrate hexahydrate and Copper nitrate hexahydrate, or chlorate be zinc chloride and Copper chloride, continues magnetic agitation 30 minutes, forms uniform mixed solution, wherein nitrate or chlorate with step a non-from The mol ratio of sub-surface activating agent is 20-100:1, and zinc salt is 0-1:1 with the mol ratio of mantoquita, nitrate or chlorine in mixed solution Hydrochlorate concentration is 9.0 mmol/L;
C, it is ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride by step b mixed solution adds ammonium salt, continues magnetic agitation 40 minutes, formed uniform Mixed solution, wherein ammonium salt is 300-600:1 with the mol ratio of nonionic surfactant in step a, ammonium salt in mixed solution Concentration is 0.1 mol/L;
D, being transferred in ceramic crucible by the mixed solution in step c, solution height is maintained at 1-3mm, keeps heating rate 1.0 K/min, temperature 260 DEG C is annealed 40 minutes, is continuously heating to 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after annealing 2 hours, obtains classification knot Structure zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere.
The preparation method of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step The mass ratio obtaining the zinc oxide in hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere and copper oxide in rapid d is 1:2.
Hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere that method the most according to claim 1 obtains quickly is detecting ppb Concentration H2Purposes in S atmosphere.
CN201610458340.8A 2016-06-22 2016-06-22 The Preparation method and use of hierarchy zinc oxide/cupric oxide nano microsphere Pending CN106082308A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107537501A (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-01-05 武汉理工大学 A kind of hierarchical Z nO/CuO composites and preparation method thereof
CN114506873A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-05-17 河北工业大学 CuO/ZnO nano material derived from metal organic framework and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107537501A (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-01-05 武汉理工大学 A kind of hierarchical Z nO/CuO composites and preparation method thereof
CN107537501B (en) * 2017-08-28 2020-08-04 武汉理工大学 ZnO/CuO composite material with hierarchical structure and preparation method thereof
CN114506873A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-05-17 河北工业大学 CuO/ZnO nano material derived from metal organic framework and preparation method and application thereof
CN114506873B (en) * 2022-01-14 2024-01-16 河北工业大学 Metal organic framework derived CuO/ZnO nano material and preparation method and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20161109