CN106076367B - It is a kind of to prepare CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst - Google Patents

It is a kind of to prepare CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst Download PDF

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CN106076367B
CN106076367B CN201610402856.0A CN201610402856A CN106076367B CN 106076367 B CN106076367 B CN 106076367B CN 201610402856 A CN201610402856 A CN 201610402856A CN 106076367 B CN106076367 B CN 106076367B
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cowo
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composite photocatalyst
thermal reaction
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CN106076367A (en
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施伟东
延旭
吕涛涛
吴梓阳
刘奎立
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Jiangsu University
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/04Sulfides
    • B01J27/047Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
    • B01J27/049Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium with iron group metals or platinum group metals
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

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Abstract

The present invention relates to transition metal tungstates, refer in particular to a kind of using sodium hydroxide, sodium tungstate and cobalt nitrate as raw material preparation CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst.Suitable sodium tungstate is taken, is added in the solution containing cobalt chloride, a certain amount of sodium hydroxide is added under stiring, adjusting pH value of solution is 8,180 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction, 12 hours, obtained precipitating ethyl alcohol and deionized water is alternately cleaned three times;The CoWO that will be obtained4In deionized water, the thiocarbamide and cadmium acetate of the amount of substance such as addition continue to carry out 180 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction after being uniformly mixed, 24 hours, after reaction, precipitating are filtered, is washed, dries, obtains CdS/CoWO ultrasonic disperse4Heterojunction composite photocatalyst.By degradation of methylene blue under visible light (MB) experiments have shown that prepared composite photo-catalyst has good photocatalytic activity.

Description

It is a kind of to prepare CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst
Technical field
The present invention relates to transition metal tungstates, a kind of with sodium hydroxide, sodium tungstate, cobalt chloride, thiocarbamide and acetic acid are refered in particular to Cadmium is that raw material prepares CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst, especially a kind of preparation process is simple, and product has The nano composite photo-catalyst preparation method of good visible light catalysis activity.
Technical background
Metal tungstates have been found broad application due to properties such as its unique electricity, optics in many fields, wherein Transition metal tungstates (CoWO4) there is stable chemical property, compared to other with visible light-responded transition metal tungsten Hydrochlorate conduction band positions are higher, have the ability for generating superoxide radical, thus have become focus of attention in photocatalysis field; Existing CoWO4The catalytic activity of transition metal tungstate catalysts is still very low, and electron-hole pair is compound serious, Wu Faman The demand of sufficient practical application, therefore the separative efficiency of electrons and holes is improved to reach the catalytic activity for improving this kind of photochemical catalyst It is still a challenging project.
Hetero-junctions its due to special band structure and carrier transport characteristic, can effectively inhibit light in light-catalyzed reaction Raw electrons and holes are compound, improve quantum efficiency, and then greatly improve the catalytic activity of photochemical catalyst, cadmium sulfide (CdS) has The characteristics of narrow energy band and quality fine paper position is a kind of semiconductor light-catalyst that building heterojunction structure is ideal, currently, not having also About the hetero-junctions between cobaltous tungstate and cadmium sulfide and it is applied to the research of photocatalysis degradation organic contaminant.
The advantages that low energy consumption using hydro-thermal method by the present invention, yield is high, product purity is high, reaction condition is controllable, applicability is wide, CdS/CoWO has been synthesized using two one-step hydrothermal low temperature4Heterojunction structure, while adjusting different cadmium sulfide and manganese tungstate molar ratio Example, by photocatalytic degradation methylene blue (MB), this to common are engine dyeing material living to investigate the catalysis of prepared photochemical catalyst Property
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of high efficiency photocatalyst based on transition metal tungstates of two one-step hydrothermals preparation, The method for realizing the nano composite photo-catalyst of photocatalytic degradation methylene blue under visible light.
The present invention is realized by following steps:
(1) thiocarbamide and cadmium acetate are added after wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle being dispersed in deionized water, after being uniformly mixed Hydro-thermal reaction is carried out, and then obtains CdS/CoWO4Heterojunction composite photocatalyst, wherein CdS and and CoWO4Molar ratio be 0.1-1.5:1.
Further, the condition of hydro-thermal reaction are as follows: hydro-thermal reaction 24 hours at 180 DEG C.
Further, the wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle the preparation method is as follows: take cobalt chloride solution, be added to equimolar Mixed solution is obtained in the solution of sodium tungstate, it is 8 that sodium hydroxide solution is added under stiring and adjusts the pH value of mixed solution, sufficiently Hydro-thermal reaction is carried out after mixing evenly, precipitating is after reaction filtered in hydro-thermal reaction 24 hours at 180 DEG C, it washs, drying, Obtain wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle.
(2) CdS/CoWO prepared by the present invention4Heterojunction composite photocatalyst, crystallization is complete, morphological rules, dispersibility Well.
(3) using the instruments such as X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy instrument to product Structural analysis is carried out, photocatalytic degradation experiment is carried out by target dyestuff of methylene blue solution, passes through spectrophotometry Meter measurement absorbance, to assess its photocatalytic activity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is prepared CdS/CoWO4Heterojunction composite photocatalyst, CdS, CoWO4XRD diffraction spectrogram.
Fig. 2 is prepared pure CoWO4Nanoparticle (a), CdS/MnWO4(b) transmission electron microscope photo and hetero-junctions transmission is high Differentiate electromicroscopic photograph (c) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy figure (d).
Fig. 3 is prepared CdS/CoWO4The electron paramagnetic resonance of heterojunction composite photocatalyst is analyzed.
Fig. 4 is prepared CdS/CoWO4The visible light photocatalytic degradation methylene blue solution of heterojunction composite photocatalyst When m- degradation rate relationship.
Fig. 5 is prepared CdS/CoWO4The degradation circulation experiment of heterojunction composite photocatalyst best sample.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1CdS/CoWO4The preparation of nanometer rods
Solution containing 1mmol cobalt chloride is added in the solution containing 1mmol sodium tungstate, with the hydroxide of 1mmol/L It is 8 that sodium solution, which adjusts mixed solution ph, magnetic agitation, then at 180 DEG C after hydro-thermal reaction 24 hours, centrifugal water The precipitating washed, and wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle is dried to obtain under the conditions of 60 DEG C;Take the wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle prepared molten In deionized water, equimolar thiocarbamide and cadmium acetate is added in ultrasonic disperse under stirring conditions, controls cadmium acetate and wolframic acid The molar ratio of cobalt is respectively 0.1,0.3,0.5,1 and 1.5, and hydro-thermal reaction at 180 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction is carried out after being uniformly mixed 24 hours, the blue product deionized water arrived and ethyl alcohol after reaction were cleaned, filtering, 60 DEG C of drying in thermostatic drying chamber.
Embodiment 2CdS/CoWO4The phenetic analysis of heterojunction composite photocatalyst
As shown in Figure 1, it can be seen from the figure that the sample after compound has CdS and CoWO simultaneously4Characteristic peak, explanation We have successfully prepared CdS/CoWO4Heterojunction composite photocatalyst.
As shown in Fig. 2, it can be seen that pure CoWO in (a) figure4For nano particle, size is about 30~50nm, (b) figure In it can be seen that CdS nano particle presence, nanoparticle size is about 5~10nm, and (c) figure is prepared composite material Transmission high resolution electron microscopy analyze result, it can be seen that CdS is attached to CoWO4The surface of nano particle, (d) map is shown in figure Cobalt out, tungsten, sulphur, cadmium, the presence of oxygen element.
As shown in figure 3, being apparent that superoxide radical and hydroxyl after cadmium sulfide and manganese tungstate hetero-junctions illumination in figure The presence of free radical activity species.
Embodiment 3CdS/CoWO4The visible light catalysis activity of heterojunction composite photocatalyst is tested
(1) compound concentration is the methylene blue solution of 10mg/L, and the solution prepared is placed in dark place.
(2) CdS/CoWO is weighed4Heterojunction composite photocatalyst 100mg is (as CdS and CoWO4Molar ratio be 0.1:1, The sample that 0.3:1,0.5:1,1:1,1.5:1 are obtained is denoted as C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 respectively), it is respectively placed in photo catalysis reactor In, the target degradation solution that 100mL step (1) is prepared is added, after 30 min of magnetic agitation photochemical catalyst to be composite is uniformly dispersed, Water source is opened, light source carries out photocatalytic degradation experiment.
(3) every 10min draws the photocatalytic degradation liquid in reactor, and the measurement of UV-visible absorbance is used for after centrifugation.
(4) prepared nano composite photo-catalyst has excellent visible light catalysis activity as seen from Figure 4, especially CdS and CoWO4Molar ratio be 0.3 sample degradation methylene blue activity preferably, than pure CoWO4All with the degrading activity of CdS Want high.
(5) prepared nano composite photo-catalyst works as CdS and CoWO as seen from Figure 54Mole wave be 0.3 when light Catalyst is still able to maintain good degrading activity after being recycled four times, and it is good to show that this composite photo-catalyst has Stability and reusable feature.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of prepare CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst, it is characterised in that: by wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle point It dissipates and thiocarbamide and cadmium acetate is added afterwards in deionized water, carry out hydro-thermal reaction after being uniformly mixed, and then obtain CdS/CoWO4 Heterojunction composite photocatalyst, wherein CdS and and CoWO4Molar ratio be 0.3:1;The preparation side of the wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle Method is as follows: taking cobalt chloride solution, is added in the solution of equimolar sodium tungstate and obtains mixed solution, hydrogen-oxygen is added under stiring Changing sodium solution to adjust the pH value of mixed solution is 8, hydro-thermal reaction is carried out after stirring, hydro-thermal reaction 24 is small at 180 DEG C When, after reaction, precipitating is filtered, is washed, drying obtains wolframic acid cobalt nanometer particle.
2. a kind of as described in claim 1 prepare CdS/CoWO4The method of heterojunction composite photocatalyst, it is characterised in that: water The condition of thermal response are as follows: hydro-thermal reaction 24 hours at 180 DEG C.
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CN106735166B (en) * 2016-12-12 2018-10-12 南京工业大学 EuWO4(OH) nanobelt and preparation method of composite material thereof
CN106902808B (en) * 2017-03-31 2020-02-11 北京宇极科技发展有限公司 High-activity tungsten-based catalyst, preparation method and application
CN108262048B (en) * 2018-01-25 2020-04-28 北京化工大学 Carbon-coated cobalt tungstate composite material and application thereof in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
CN110420647A (en) * 2019-08-20 2019-11-08 常州大学 A kind of preparation method and application of lead tungstate/cadmium sulfide composite visible light catalyst
CN112547097A (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-03-26 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 CoWO4Preparation method of-CdS one-dimensional nano composite photocatalyst and application of photocatalyst
CN111229243A (en) * 2020-02-07 2020-06-05 辽宁大学 Surfactant-assisted synthesis of cobalt tungstate nanoparticles and preparation method and application thereof
CN113231084A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-10 北京理工大学 Copper tungstate/copper sulfide photocatalyst, preparation method and application
CN113713830A (en) * 2021-09-15 2021-11-30 辽宁大学 CoWO for degrading dye4/Ag2O composite acoustic catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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