CN106075686A - A kind of method that fixator for tracheal cannule and this device fix tracheal intubation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tracheal intubation fixing device and a method for fixing the tracheal intubation by the device, comprising an external fixation, a tooth pad, and a protective plate. The middle part of the external fixation, the dental pad, and the protective plate is a coaxial round hole, and The coaxial round holes all extend outwards with openings for the lateral passage of the tracheal intubation, and the external fixation is provided with a occlusal mechanism for occlusal tracheal intubation, and the occlusal mechanism is three occlusal fixed teeth evenly distributed around the central axis , the inner side of the tooth pad is provided with a card slot, the protective plate is provided with a fixed structure for fixing the dribbling, the fixed structure is four rectangularly distributed fixed rods, and the external fixation passes through the protective plate. The coaxial circular hole is fitted with the tooth pad, and at the same time, the engaging mechanism is fitted with the draw-in groove.

Description

Endotracheal intubation fixing device and method for fixing endotracheal intubation by the device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary equipment, and more specifically relates to a device for fixing an orotracheal intubation in mechanical ventilation and a method for fixing the trachea intubation using the device.

Background technique

In the course of clinical treatment, the implementation of artificial mechanical ventilation is an important measure for the treatment of respiratory failure and respiratory management during anesthesia. Mechanical ventilation plays an important role in the rescue of critically ill patients. Tracheal intubation prolapse is one of the more serious complications of mechanical ventilation. , once the tracheal intubation slips, it will cause further harm to the patient. If it is not treated in time, it can lead to acute hypoxia, or even suffocation and death. Therefore, after successful tracheal intubation, keep the tracheal intubation at a fixed position without displacement , Falling off becomes particularly important, the traditional fixation methods of orotracheal intubation are roughly divided into the following categories:

1) Fixing method with medical tape: After confirming successful intubation, place the tooth pad between the upper and lower incisors of the patient, bind and fix the endotracheal tube and the tooth pad side by side with tape, and finally fix the endotracheal tube on the patient’s chest with tape cheeks.

2) Duropore tape fixation method: Duropore is a tape specially used to fix endotracheal intubation. The tape has a cloth surface, a silky texture, and strong adhesion. One end on the side fixes the cannula along the scale of the corner of the mouth, and fixes it around the scale clockwise or counterclockwise.

3) Inch-belt fixation method: For conscious patients, remove the tooth pad and then fix it. Use a belt to fix it at the incisor scale of the endotracheal tube. One end of the mouth is knotted and connected. After fixing, use accessories or gauze pads to protect the corners of the mouth on both sides.

4) Pin fixing method: It is a fixing method used for infant tracheal intubation. The long pin is perpendicular to the corner of the mouth and is fastened from the outside of the catheter to the corner of the mouth, and then glued to the pin and the upper and lower ends of the pin with adhesive tape.

However, there are many deficiencies in traditional fixation methods. The fixation method with medical tape is simple, convenient and economical, but the fixation is poor and easy to fall off. The material of Duropore tape fixation method is more expensive, and due to the high viscosity of the tape, it is not suitable to remove marks from the face; Most of the tape fixation methods are to strengthen the fixation on the basis of adhesive plaster, which is a good way to prevent the adhesive plaster from falling off, but this method is limited to patients with clear consciousness, and it is not suitable for patients who are restless, trismus and unable to cooperate; pin fixation For use by infants and young children only.

With the development of medical technology, some new types of endotracheal tube holders appear on the market, for example: Chen Junhua, Guo Qiaozhen, Xu Suoqin, etc. put forward in the 2006 13 (11) pp. 58-59 of "Journal of Nursing" A self-locking tracheal intubation holder. The self-locking tracheal intubation holder passes the tracheal intubation through the opening of the holder, puts the bite plate into the patient's mouth, tightens the locking nut from the side, and fixes the After the belt wraps around the neck for one week, it is passed through the small hole at the other end of the retainer, and finally the velcro is fastened to achieve the purpose of fixing the tracheal intubation. Another example: Chinese patent: ZL201520645357.5, publication number: CN204910412U, discloses a kind of tracheal intubation fixer, comprises dental pad main body, is provided with pipe clip on the dental pad main body, and pipe clip includes being arranged on the dental pad main body The fixed seat is elastically connected with a slider through an elastic member. A fixed hole is provided on the fixed seat, and a movable hole is provided on the slider. A telescopic screw runs through the fixed hole and the movable hole. The lower wall or the upper wall of the fixed hole is provided with threads corresponding to the telescopic screw, and the purpose of fixing the tracheal intubation is achieved by locking the screw. The endotracheal tube holder is simple and firm to use, but the overall device structure is more complicated, the material price is more expensive, and the cost is higher; the holder has a large volume and self-weight, which will still form pressure around the patient's face and mouth, and the operation vision is poor , bring discomfort to the patient, and this structure is likely to cause the patient to bite the endotracheal tube and cause poor ventilation of the endotracheal tube. After the position of the endotracheal tube is fixed, it is not convenient for nurses to perform nursing operations such as oral care, sputum suction, and position change. Not conducive to overall treatment.

Contents of the invention

To sum up, in order to further improve the tracheal intubation fixation method, increase patient comfort, reduce postoperative complications, and reduce the probability of retrograde infection, the present invention provides a new tracheal intubation fixation device and the use of the device to fix tracheal intubation. The tube method can not only effectively protect the endotracheal tube so that it does not shift or fall out, but also does not need to use elastic tape to fix the endotracheal tube outside the patient's face and mouth on the basis of firm fixation. Form compression, reduce pressure sores on the lips, ulcers in the mouth and facial skin damage, and the structure is simple, easy to replace, and occupies a small volume. It is convenient for nurses to perform nursing operations such as oral care, suction, and changing positions, reducing postoperative complications It reduces the probability of retrograde infection, and at the same time increases the comfort of the patient, which is conducive to the overall treatment.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A novel tracheal intubation fixing device, comprising external fixation, dental pads, and a protective plate, the middle of the external fixation, dental pads, and protective plate are coaxial round holes, and air supply tubes extend outward from the coaxial round holes The opening through which the intubation tube passes laterally, the external fixator is provided with a occlusal mechanism for occlusal tracheal intubation, the occlusal mechanism is three occlusal fixed teeth evenly distributed around the central axis, the inner side of the tooth pad is provided with a card slot, The protective plate is provided with a fixing structure for fixing the dribbling, and the fixed structure is four rectangularly distributed fixing rods, and the external fixation passes through the coaxial round hole on the protective plate and fits with the tooth pad, and at the same time The engaging mechanism fits into the card slot.

To expand,

The external fixation specifically includes: the shape is a hollow cylinder, the hollow part of the external fixation can accommodate the longitudinal passage of the endotracheal tube, the lower part of the external fixation is an engaging mechanism for engaging and fixing the endotracheal intubation, and the engaging mechanism is Three occlusal fixed teeth evenly distributed around the central axis are used to occlude and fix the endotracheal tube. The external fixator is provided with a sagittal plane opening communicating with the hollow part of the cylinder, the opening angle is 80°, and the tracheal intubation tube can pass through laterally.

The dental pad specifically includes: the upper part is a hollow cylinder, the lower part is a hollow conical cylinder, the outer surface of the hollow conical cylinder contacts the tongue surface of the oral cavity, the inner ring and the card slot of the dental pad are fitted with the external fixation and occlusal mechanism, The tooth pad is provided with a sagittal opening connected with the hollow part, the opening angle is 80°, and the endotracheal tube can pass through laterally. pressure.

The protective plate specifically includes: a shape of a rounded rectangular thin plate with a round hole in the middle, the round hole has an opening for the lateral passage of the trachea intubation to the straight side of the rounded rectangle, and the rounded rectangular thin plate is provided with a In the fixed structure of the fixed dribbling, the fixed structure is four fixed rods distributed in a rectangular shape. The fixed rods are composed of a rod holder, a rod waist and a rod head. The rod holder is fixedly connected with a rounded rectangular sheet The fixed connection is disassembled, the protective plate is used to protect the lips, and the trachea tube is externally connected to the fixed dribbling belt.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the occlusal mechanism is three occlusal fixed teeth evenly distributed around the central axis, and the contact surface of the occlusal fixed teeth with the endotracheal tube is provided with raised rollers, and the rollers are distributed with Mesh dents.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the engaging mechanism is a ring with rollers embedded inside, and a protrusion fitted with the locking groove is provided on the outside of the ring.

Further, in order to increase the friction between the roller and the endotracheal tube, the roller is densely covered with mesh-like indentations.

As a further optimization of the present invention, an earring is provided on the upper part of the external fixation, and a concave surface is provided on the earring to facilitate the rotation of the external fixation.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the fixing structure is two strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes are vertically and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular hole with the straight line side of the rounded rectangle.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the rounded rectangular thin plate has a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a structural layer, and the outer layer is a cushion layer, the inner layer is made of medical hard plastic, and the outer layer is made of medical soft material.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the detachable fixed connection between the rod support and the rounded rectangular thin plate includes: screw connection and key connection.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the rounded rectangular thin plate has a curved thin plate structure so as to fit the user's face or lips.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the inner side of the protective plate is provided with a groove or a boss for clamping the external fixation and the dental pad, and the external fixation and the dental pad are correspondingly provided with a boss or a concave for clamping with the protective plate. groove.

A method for fixing an endotracheal tube, comprising, providing a device, including: including external fixation, a tooth pad, and a protective plate, wherein the middle part of the fixation, the dental pad, and the protective plate is a coaxial circular hole, and the circular hole There are openings extending outwards for the lateral passage of the tracheal intubation, the external fixation is provided with a occlusal mechanism for occluding the tracheal intubation, the inner side of the tooth pad is provided with a card slot, and the protective plate is provided with a fixing plate The fixed structure of the belt, the fixed structure is four fixed rods distributed in a rectangular shape, the external fixation passes through the round hole on the protection plate and fits with the tooth pad, and at the same time, the bite mechanism is fitted with the card slot;

Assemble the external fixation, dental pad, and protective plate into a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, so that the opening is consistent. Put the fixing device into the oral cavity directly below the tracheal intubation, insert the tracheal intubation through the opening, and rotate the outer tube counterclockwise. Fix at 0-120°, wait for the occlusal mechanism on the external fixation to fit into the slot on the dental pad, then occlude and fix the endotracheal tube in the longitudinal direction. Intubation.

Preferably, after rotating the external fixation counterclockwise by 0° to 120°, the protective plate is rotated clockwise, so that the trachea is fixed in the concentric circular hole formed by the opening. Here, the external fixation can be rotated clockwise first, and then the protective plate can be rotated counterclockwise. Of course, simultaneous rotation in opposite directions is possible, so that the trachea is fixed in the device. When it is necessary to remove the trachea, it can be reversed according to the method described above, so that the openings of the external fixation, dental pads, and protective plates are on the same straight line, so that the trachea can be removed. Allow the trachea and endotracheal tube fixture to detach.

Preferably, the inner side of the protective plate is provided with a groove or a boss for clamping the external fixation and the dental pad, and the external fixation and the dental pad are correspondingly provided with a boss or a groove for clamping with the protective plate.

Preferably, the fixing structure is two strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the circular hole.

Preferably, the protective plate has a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a structural layer, the outer layer is a cushion layer, the inner layer is made of medical hard plastic, and the outer layer is made of medical soft material.

Preferably, the occlusal mechanism is three occlusal fixed teeth evenly distributed around the central axis, and the contact surface of the occlusal fixed teeth with the endotracheal tube is provided with raised rollers, and mesh-like indentations are distributed on the rollers .

Preferably, it is characterized in that the engaging mechanism is a circular ring with rollers embedded inside, and the outer part of the circular ring is provided with protrusions fitted with the slots, and the rollers are densely covered with mesh-like indentations.

Preferably, the protective plate is a curved thin plate so as to fit the user's face or lips.

A method for fixing a tracheal intubation, comprising using a novel tracheal intubation fixing device to fix the tracheal intubation, specifically divided into the following steps:

Step 1. Position the patient in a supine position, remove loose teeth and dentures, remove foreign bodies or secretions in the oral cavity, and use the chin-lifting method to fully tilt the head back with the atlanto-occipital joint as the turning point so that the mouth, pharynx, and throat In a straight line (except for patients with cervical spine injuries);

Step 2, protect the lips: use the thumb and index finger to separate the upper and lower lips to protect the lips and teeth;

Step 3, inserting the laryngoscope: enter the oral cavity vertically along the right corner of the mouth; then push the tongue to the left, move the laryngoscope to the midline of the oral cavity, slowly advance the laryngoscope until the tip of the laryngoscope reaches the root of the epiglottis, and lift the larynx up The mirror exposes the glottic fissure;

Step 4: Insert the endotracheal tube under direct vision: align the endotracheal tube with the glottic fissure, and insert the endotracheal tube along the lens groove of the laryngoscope under bright vision; gently rotate the catheter to make it pass through the glottic fissure smoothly into the trachea;

Step 5. Preliminary adjustment and fixation of the endotracheal tube: After the initial adjustment of the depth of the endotracheal tube, assemble the external fixation, tooth pad, and protective plate into a new type of endotracheal intubation fixing device, so that the opening is consistent, and the fixing device is inserted into the trachea through the mouth Put the intubation tube directly under the mouth, insert the endotracheal tube through the opening, and rotate the external fixation counterclockwise by 0-120°. After the occlusal mechanism on the external fixation fits into the slot on the dental pad, the endotracheal tube is occluded and fixed in the longitudinal direction. , at this time, the sagittal plane openings of the external fixation and the protective plate have different orientations, and the tracheal intubation is fixed laterally;

Step 6, fix the endotracheal tube: After initial fixation, observe the depth of the endotracheal tube and withdraw the laryngoscope, adjust the depth of the endotracheal tube to a satisfactory level, and then fix the endotracheal tube fixing belt on the fixed structure of the protective plate.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

When rescuing patients with oral endotracheal intubation, after successful intubation, assemble the fixing device into one body, insert the endotracheal intubation through the opening, and then use rotating external fixation to fix the occlusal mechanism under the external fixation with the endotracheal intubation, replacing Compared with the existing technology, the traditional tooth pad external fixation method has the following beneficial effects:

1. Not only can it effectively protect the tracheal intubation so that it does not displace or come out, but it also does not need to use elastic tape to externally fix the tracheal intubation on the basis of firm fixation and will not form pressure around the patient's face and mouth. , Reduce pressure sores on the lips, ulcers in the mouth and facial skin damage.

2. Utilizing the quadrilateral force component law, the patient's tongue cannot produce enough thrust, which effectively reduces the occurrence of spit tube phenomenon.

3. The design of the cushion layer and the curved surface can greatly improve the patient's local comfort, and effectively reduce pressure sores on the lips, ulcers in the mouth and facial skin damage.

4. The occlusal mechanism is designed to be embedded with a roller structure, and the roller can also partially protrude to reduce the diameter of the inner ring, increase the friction force and fix the endotracheal tube more firmly to prevent prolapse.

5. The present invention is simple in structure, small in size, easy to replace, and can clearly observe the lesion in the oral cavity and the depth of tracheal intubation, which is beneficial to the overall treatment.

6. The tracheal intubation fixing method described in the present invention is simple and easy to use, which greatly reduces the professional requirements for medical staff, thereby saving a lot of labor costs, increasing the comfort of patients, and reducing postoperative complications. Reduce the probability of retrograde infection.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of external fixation of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of protective plate of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of dental pad of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram of assembly structure of fixing device of the present invention;

Among them: external fixation 1, dental pad 2, protective plate 3, round hole 4, opening 5, occlusal mechanism 6, occlusal fixed teeth 601, slot 7, fixed structure 8, fixed rod 801, rod holder 802, rod waist 803, Rod head 804, rounded rectangular sheet 9, earring 10

detailed description

In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1, 2, 3, 4 and specific implementation methods.

As shown in Figure 1, a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, the external fixation 1 is a hollow cylinder, the hollow part of the external fixation 1 can accommodate the tracheal intubation through longitudinally and extend outwards with a tracheal tube intubation The opening 5 through which the tube passes horizontally, the upper part of the external fixer 1 is provided with an earring 10, and the earring 10 is provided with a concave surface for the rotation of the external fixation, and the lower part of the external fixation 1 is used for occlusal fixing of the tracheal intubation tube The occlusal mechanism 6, the occlusal mechanism 6 is three occlusal fixed teeth 601 uniformly distributed around the central axis, used to occlude and fix the tracheal intubation, the opening on the external fixation 1 for the tracheal intubation to pass laterally is a cylindrical hollow Partially connected sagittal plane opening, the angle of opening 5 is 80°, and the endotracheal tube can pass through laterally.

When the occlusal mechanism 6 is three occlusal fixed teeth 601 evenly distributed around the central axis, the contact surface between the occlusal fixed teeth 601 and the endotracheal tube is provided with raised rollers, and the rollers are distributed with reticular recesses. mark. (not shown in the figure)

The engaging mechanism 6 can be configured as a circular ring with rollers embedded inside, and a protrusion fitted with the engaging groove 7 is provided on the outside of the circular ring. (not shown in the figure)

As shown in Figure 2, a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, the protective plate 3 is a rounded rectangular thin plate 9 with a round hole 4 (circular through hole) in the middle, and the round hole 4 is rounded to a rectangular shape. The straight side of the thin plate 9 is provided with an opening 5 for the lateral passage of the intubation pipe, and the rounded rectangular thin plate 9 is provided with a fixing structure 8 for fixing the dribbling, and the fixing structure 8 is four fixing rods distributed in a rectangular shape. 801, the best distribution is that the four fixed rods 801 correspond to the four corners of the rounded rectangular thin plate 9 one by one, so that the force on the protective plate 3 is more reasonable and even. The rod waist 803 and the rod head 804 are composed. The rod support 802 reinforces the root connection, and the rod head 804 prevents the dribbling from falling off. Preferably, the rod support 802, the shaft waist 803 and the rod head 804 are integrally formed. The three are coaxially arranged or not at the same axis, so it is advisable to facilitate fixed dribbling.

The rod support 802 is fixedly connected with the rounded rectangular thin plate 9, or the fixed rod 801 is integrally formed with the rounded rectangular thin plate 9, or the fixed rod 801 is detachably fixedly connected with the rounded rectangular thin plate 9 through the rod support 802. Detachable fixed connections include, but are not limited to, threaded connections, keyed connections, pinned connections, and snap connections.

The rounded rectangular thin plate 9 has a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a structural layer, and the outer layer is a cushion layer. The inner layer is made of medical hard plastic, and the outer layer is made of medical soft material. (not shown in the figure)

In order to further reduce pressure sores on the lips, the rounded rectangular sheet 9 is configured as a curved sheet structure so as to fit the user's face or lips. (not shown in the figure)

In order to simplify the structure and save cost, the fixing structure 8 is designed as two strip holes, and the strip holes are perpendicular to the straight side of the rounded rectangle and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the round hole (not shown in the figure) .

As shown in Figure 3, a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, the upper part of the dental pad 2 is a hollow cylinder, the lower part is a hollow conical cylinder, the outer surface of the hollow conical cylinder contacts the tongue surface of the oral cavity, and the inner surface of the dental pad 2 The ring and the card slot 7 are fitted with the external fixator 1 and its occlusal mechanism 6. The dental pad 2 is provided with a sagittal plane opening communicating with the hollow part. The opening angle is 80°, and the tracheal intubation tube can pass through laterally. 2 is used for chimeric external fixation 1, which is convenient for teeth to occlude, protects the endotracheal tube, and avoids pressure.

As shown in Figure 4, a novel tracheal intubation fixing device includes an external fixation 1, a tooth pad 2, and a protection plate 3. The middle part of the external fixation 1, the tooth pad 2, and the protection plate 3 is a coaxial circular hole 4 , the circular holes 4 extend outwards with openings 5 for the lateral passage of the tracheal intubation, and the external fixation 1 is provided with a occlusal mechanism 6 for occlusal tracheal intubation, and the occlusal mechanisms 6 are three Evenly distributed occlusal fixed teeth 601, the inner side of the tooth pad 2 is provided with a slot 7, and the protective plate 3 is provided with a fixed structure 8 for fixing the dribbling, and the fixed structure 8 is four rectangularly distributed fixed teeth. Rod 801 , the external fixator 1 passes through the round hole 4 on the protective plate 3 and engages with the dental pad 2 , and at the same time, the engaging mechanism 6 engages with the slot 7 .

To expand,

The external fixation 1 specifically includes: the shape is a hollow cylinder, the hollow part of the external fixation 1 can accommodate the longitudinal passage of the tracheal intubation, and the lower part of the external fixation 1 is an occlusal mechanism 6 for occluding and fixing the tracheal intubation. The occlusal mechanism 6 is three occlusal fixed teeth 601 evenly distributed around the central axis, which are used to occlude and fix the endotracheal tube. The external fixator 1 is provided with a sagittal plane opening communicating with the hollow part of the cylinder, the opening angle is 80°, and the endotracheal tube can pass through it laterally.

The external fixation includes a structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, so that a neck is formed at the junction of the upper part and the lower part, so that the diameter of the through hole of the protective plate is smaller than the diameter of the upper part of the fixed part, so that when assembling, the protective plate They are clamped together with the external fixation to form a structure that can rotate with each other but can be fixed (Fig. 1, Fig. 4).

The dental pad 2 specifically includes: the upper part is a hollow cylinder, the lower part is a hollow conical cylinder, the outer surface of the hollow conical cylinder contacts the tongue surface of the oral cavity, the inner ring of the dental pad 2 and the slot 7 are connected to the lower end of the external fixation 1 and the occlusal mechanism 6, the dental pad 2 is provided with a sagittal plane opening connected with the hollow part, the opening angle is 80°, and the endotracheal tube can pass through laterally, and the dental pad 2 is used for fitting the external fixation 1, which is convenient Teeth occluded to protect endotracheal tube from compression.

The protective plate 3 specifically includes: the shape is a rounded rectangular thin plate 9 with a round hole in the middle, and the round hole 4 has an opening 5 for the lateral passage of the trachea intubation to the straight edge of the rounded rectangular thin plate 9. The rounded rectangular thin plate 9 is provided with a fixed structure 8 for fixing the dribbling. The fixed structure 8 is four fixed rods 801 distributed in a rectangle. Composition, the rod support 802 is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the rounded rectangular thin plate 9, the protective plate 3 is used to protect the lips, and the external endotracheal tube is fixedly connected to the belt.

The inner side of the protective plate 3 is provided with a groove or a boss for clamping the external fixation 1 and the dental pad 2, and the external fixation 1 and the dental pad 2 are correspondingly provided with a convex platform or a concave that is clamped with the protective plate 3. groove. (not shown in the figure)

A method for fixing an endotracheal tube, comprising, providing a device, including: including external fixation, a tooth pad, and a protective plate, wherein the middle part of the fixation, the dental pad, and the protective plate is a coaxial circular hole, and the circular hole There are openings extending outwards for the lateral passage of the tracheal intubation, the external fixation is provided with a occlusal mechanism for occluding the tracheal intubation, the inner side of the tooth pad is provided with a card slot, and the protective plate is provided with a fixing plate The fixed structure of the belt, the fixed structure is four fixed rods distributed in a rectangular shape, the external fixation passes through the round hole on the protection plate and fits with the tooth pad, and at the same time, the bite mechanism is fitted with the card slot;

Assemble the external fixation, dental pad, and protective plate into a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, so that the opening is consistent. Put the fixing device into the oral cavity directly below the tracheal intubation, insert the tracheal intubation through the opening, and rotate the outer tube counterclockwise. Fix at 0-120°, wait for the occlusal mechanism on the external fixation to fit into the slot on the dental pad, then occlude and fix the endotracheal tube in the longitudinal direction. Intubation.

Preferably, after rotating the external fixation counterclockwise by 0° to 120°, the protective plate is rotated clockwise, so that the trachea is fixed in the concentric circular hole formed by the opening. Here, the external fixation can be rotated clockwise first, and then the protective plate can be rotated counterclockwise. Of course, simultaneous rotation in opposite directions is possible, so that the trachea is fixed in the device. When it is necessary to remove the trachea, it can be reversed according to the method described above, so that the openings of the external fixation, dental pads, and protective plates are on the same straight line, so that the trachea can be removed. Allow the trachea and endotracheal tube fixture to detach.

A method for fixing a tracheal intubation provided by the present invention includes using a novel tracheal intubation fixing device to fix the tracheal intubation, which is specifically divided into the following steps:

Step 1. Position the patient in a supine position, remove loose teeth and dentures, remove foreign bodies or secretions in the oral cavity, and use the chin-lifting method to fully tilt the head back with the atlanto-occipital joint as the turning point so that the mouth, pharynx, and throat In a straight line (except for patients with cervical spine injuries).

Step 2, protect the lips: use the thumb and index finger to separate the upper and lower lips to protect the lips and teeth.

Step 3, inserting the laryngoscope: enter the oral cavity vertically along the right corner of the mouth; then push the tongue to the left, move the laryngoscope to the midline of the oral cavity, slowly advance the laryngoscope until the tip of the laryngoscope reaches the root of the epiglottis, and lift the larynx up The mirror exposes the glottic fissure.

Step 4: Insert the endotracheal tube under direct vision: align the endotracheal tube with the glottic fissure, and insert the endotracheal tube along the lens groove of the laryngoscope under bright vision; gently rotate the catheter to make it pass through the glottic fissure smoothly into the trachea.

Step 5, preliminary adjustment and fixation of the tracheal intubation: after the initial adjustment of the intubation depth, assemble the external fixation 1, dental pad 2, and protective plate 3 into a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, so that the openings are consistent, and the fixing device is passed through Place the mouth directly below the endotracheal tube into the oral cavity, insert the endotracheal tube through the opening 5, and rotate the external fixation counterclockwise by 0-120° until the occlusal mechanism 6 on the external fixation 1 fits into the slot 7 on the tooth pad 2, The endotracheal tube is occluded and fixed in the longitudinal direction. At this time, the sagittal plane openings of the external fixator 1 and the protective plate 3 have different orientations, and the endotracheal intubation is fixed in the transverse direction.

Step 6, fixing the endotracheal tube: after initial fixation, observe the depth of the endotracheal tube and exit the laryngoscope, adjust the depth of the endotracheal tube to a satisfactory level, and then fix the endotracheal tube fixing belt on the fixing structure 8 of the protective plate 3 .

Take an adult man as an example to further illustrate the present invention. In the process of rescuing a patient, the adult man's endotracheal intubation standard is 7.5 mm, and the outer diameter is 9.5 mm. The present invention includes external fixation 1, dental pad 2, and protective plate 3 Wherein, the external fixation 1, the matching hollow cylinder has a height of 25 mm, an outer ring diameter of 25 mm, and an inner ring diameter of 14 mm, which can accommodate the passage of an endotracheal tube, and three endotracheal tubes are occluded under the external fixation 1 The fixed teeth 601, with a length of 10mm and a width of 2.9mm, are used to fix the endotracheal tube. The opening on the sagittal plane is 9mm, and the opening angle is 80°. The endotracheal tube can pass through laterally. The tooth pad 2 has a matching height of 28 mm, a cylindrical outer diameter of 25 mm, the inner ring is fitted with the outer fixation 1 and its occlusal mechanism 6, and the lower conical cylinder contacts the lingual surface of the oral cavity, and the sagittal plane opening is 9 mm. The opening angle is 80°, and the endotracheal tube can pass through laterally. The matching size of the protective plate 3 is a rounded rectangular thin plate 9 with a length of 50 mm, a width of 34 mm, and a thickness of 1.9 mm. In the middle is a round hole 4 with a diameter of 20 mm, and the width of the opening 5 is 9 mm. diameter (9.5mm), the tracheal intubation can pass through horizontally, used to protect the lips, and the external endotracheal intubation is fixed and dribbling.

After successful orotracheal intubation, assemble the protective plate 3 with the external fixator 1 and the dental pad 2. After the assembly is completed, put it into the oral cavity directly under the tracheal intubation. At this time, the protective plate 3, dental pad 2, and external fixation 1 The sagittal plane openings are consistent, insert the fixation device into the endotracheal tube through the opening 5, rotate the external fixation counterclockwise by 0-120°, wait until the occlusal mechanism 6 on the external fixation 1 fits into the slot 7 on the dental pad 2, and then Bite and fix the endotracheal tube in the longitudinal direction. At this time, the sagittal plane openings of the external fixation 1 and the protective plate 3 have different orientations, and fix the endotracheal tube in the transverse direction.

If the nursing staff performs oral care operations, the oral cavity can be exposed to the maximum without being covered by a fixed device.

If it is necessary to replace the fixing device, the external fixator 1 can be rotated counterclockwise by a certain angle first, so that the occlusal mechanism 6 is rotated away from the tooth pad slot 7, and the sagittal plane openings of the protective plate 3, the tooth pad 2, and the external fixation 1 are consistent, that is Allows the endotracheal tube to be moved laterally out of the fixture for replacement of the fixture.

Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it can be described in terms of form and Various changes may be made in the details without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A novel tracheal intubation fixing device is characterized in that it comprises external fixation, a dental pad, and a protective plate, and the middle part of the fixation, the dental pad, and the protective plate is a coaxial circular hole, and the circular holes are all outward There is an opening for the lateral passage of the tracheal intubation, the external fixation is provided with an engaging mechanism for engaging the tracheal intubation, the inner side of the tooth pad is provided with a card slot, and the protective plate is provided with a fixing device for fixing the dribbling. structure, the fixed structure is four fixed rods distributed in a rectangular shape, the external fixation passes through the round hole on the protection plate and fits the tooth pad, and at the same time, the bite mechanism fits into the card slot. 2. A new tracheal intubation fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inner side of the protective plate is provided with a groove or a boss for clamping the external fixation and the tooth pad, and the external fixation and the dental pad Correspondingly, the tooth pad is provided with a boss or a groove that is clamped with the protection plate. 3. A novel endotracheal tube fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing structure is two strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the round hole. 4. A novel endotracheal tube fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the protective plate is a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a structural layer, the outer layer is a cushion layer, and the inner layer is a medical Hard plastic, the outer layer is medical soft material. 5. A novel endotracheal tube fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective plate is a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a structural layer, the outer layer is a cushion layer, and the inner layer is a medical Hard plastic, the outer layer is medical soft material. 6. A novel endotracheal tube fixing device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the occlusal mechanism is three occlusal fixed teeth evenly distributed around the central axis, and the occlusal fixed teeth A protruding roller is arranged on the contact surface with the endotracheal tube, and mesh-shaped indentations are distributed on the roller. 7. A novel endotracheal tube fixing device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the engaging mechanism is a ring with rollers embedded inside, and the outside of the ring has a The groove fits the protrusion, and the roller is densely covered with mesh-like indentations. 8. A novel tracheal intubation fixing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the protective plate is a curved thin plate so as to fit the user's face or lips. 9. A method for fixing a tracheal intubation, characterized in that, comprising using the novel tracheal intubation fixing device to fix the tracheal intubation, specifically divided into the following steps: Step 1. Position the patient in a supine position, remove loose teeth and dentures, remove foreign bodies or secretions in the oral cavity, and use the chin-lifting method to fully tilt the head back with the atlanto-occipital joint as the turning point so that the mouth, pharynx, and throat in a straight line; Step 2, protect the lips: use the thumb and index finger to separate the upper and lower lips to protect the lips and teeth; Step 3, inserting the laryngoscope: enter the oral cavity vertically along the right corner of the mouth; then push the tongue to the left, move the laryngoscope to the midline of the oral cavity, slowly advance the laryngoscope until the tip of the laryngoscope reaches the root of the epiglottis, and lift the larynx up The mirror exposes the glottic fissure; Step 4: Insert the endotracheal tube under direct vision: align the endotracheal tube with the glottic fissure, and insert the endotracheal tube along the lens groove of the laryngoscope under bright vision; gently rotate the catheter to make it pass through the glottic fissure smoothly into the trachea; Step 5. Preliminary adjustment and fixation of the endotracheal tube: After the initial adjustment of the depth of the endotracheal tube, assemble the external fixation, tooth pad, and protective plate into a new type of endotracheal intubation fixing device, so that the opening is consistent, and the fixing device is inserted into the trachea through the mouth Put the intubation tube directly under the mouth, insert the endotracheal tube through the opening, and rotate the external fixation counterclockwise by 0-120°. After the occlusal mechanism on the external fixation fits into the slot on the dental pad, the endotracheal tube is occluded and fixed in the longitudinal direction. , at this time, the sagittal plane openings of the external fixation and the protective plate have different orientations, and the tracheal intubation is fixed laterally; Step 6, fix the endotracheal tube: After initial fixation, observe the depth of the endotracheal tube and withdraw the laryngoscope, adjust the depth of the endotracheal tube to a satisfactory level, and then fix the endotracheal tube fixing belt on the fixed structure of the protective plate. 10. A method of securing an endotracheal tube comprising, A device is provided, comprising: an external fixation, a tooth pad, and a protective plate, the middle parts of the fixation, the tooth pad, and the protective plate are coaxial circular holes, and the circular holes extend outwards for the lateral passage of the tracheal intubation opening, the external fixator is provided with an occlusal mechanism for occluding the tracheal intubation, the inner side of the dental pad is provided with a card slot, and the protective plate is provided with a fixed structure for fixing the belt, and the fixed structure is four a fixed rod distributed in a rectangular shape, the external fixer passes through the round hole on the protection plate and fits the tooth pad, and at the same time, the bite mechanism fits into the card slot; Assemble the external fixation, dental pad, and protective plate into a new type of tracheal intubation fixing device, so that the opening is consistent. Put the fixing device into the oral cavity directly below the tracheal intubation, insert the tracheal intubation through the opening, and rotate the outer tube counterclockwise. Fix at 0-120°, wait for the occlusal mechanism on the external fixation to fit into the slot on the dental pad, then occlude and fix the endotracheal tube in the longitudinal direction. Intubation.