CN1060716C - Shaping method for fiber reinforced plastic product and its mould - Google Patents
Shaping method for fiber reinforced plastic product and its mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN1060716C CN1060716C CN96102882A CN96102882A CN1060716C CN 1060716 C CN1060716 C CN 1060716C CN 96102882 A CN96102882 A CN 96102882A CN 96102882 A CN96102882 A CN 96102882A CN 1060716 C CN1060716 C CN 1060716C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method and a mould for shaping a new fiber reinforced plastic product, particularly the method and the mould for shaping a large-sized complex product (for example: an automotive body). The present invention can overcome the problems existing in the existing shaping method, namely that a mould structure can be firstly simplified, and problems of sealing, locking, positioning, etc. caused by the simplified mould structure can be solved; work efficiency can be subsequently improved, mechanization degree is improved, and the shaping method can adapt the requirements of high rhythm and mass production in automotive industry.
Description
The present invention relates to the quick injection segmentation extrusion forming method and the mould thereof of article of fiber reinforced plastics, especially large complicated product (for example: forming method car body) and mould thereof.
Making two subject matters existing aspect the car body (insufficient rigidity easily deformable and moulding process fall behind) in order to solve composite, the inventor has proposed patent, the patent No. that the patent No. is 88202023.4 and is called " a kind of fiberglass body of a motor car " and has been 88106442.4 and is called that the patent of " a kind of processing technology of fiberglass automotive body structure of novelty " and the patent No. are 89102370.4 and are called the patent of " mold shaping method of making glass fiber reinforced plastics product ".With above-mentioned patent serves as that the car body that the basis makes has good strength and stiffness, has reached light-weighted purpose, and the weight that length is 3.95 meters two-box type body only is 120 kg.Find to exist following two defectives in the process of forming method but state on the implementation:
(1) mould structure complexity, the structure more complicated of combined type rigidity internal mold particularly, should adapt to the complex model that is written into the cabin, being convenient to the demoulding again takes out, thereby the piecemeal of internal mold is very scrappy, all run into a lot of difficulties at aspects such as space orientation, locking, sealings, particularly aspect error compensation, be difficult to handle.
(2) production efficiency is not high.Produce a vehicle body with the method for manual mold pressing and need 5 hours.And need 3～3.5 hours with mold shaping method production, compare with the manual pasting method, though improved 30-60%, but still can not satisfy the requirement of the high rhythm mass of auto industry, can not reach the level of production of mechanization streamline.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of forming method and mould of new article of fiber reinforced plastics, especially large complicated product (for example: forming method car body) and mould.It can overcome the problem that exists in the existing forming method, that is: at first be the structure that can simplify mould, and can solve the problem of the aspects of bringing thus such as sealing, locking and location; Next is to increase work efficiency, and improves mechanization degree, makes this forming method can adapt to the requirement of the high rhythm of auto industry, mass production.
The quick injection segmentation extrusion forming method of article of fiber reinforced plastics of the present invention, comprise the following step: two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity of (1) combination and reinforcing material, foam core, built-in fitting etc., formation one arranges the die cavity of content, state when not making the shape of die cavity and size reach it to form end article, and the die cavity volume of the volume when die cavity is initially formed when forming end article; (2) quantitative resin is injected formed bigger die cavity, amount of resin wherein should be slightly larger than and form the required amount of final products, but the volume when being less than die cavity and initially forming, thereby resin fills part and adds die cavity; (3) by changing the shape that has charged into the part die cavity at resin place in the die cavity, dwindle the distance between the mould part molded surface that two at this position complements each other to form die cavity, make the workpiece pressurized at this position, force the part resin at this place to flow to other position; (4) enlarge the area of workpiece pressurized in the die cavity gradually, finally make the whole work-piece pressurized, and the state when making the shape of die cavity and size reach it to form end article, unnecessary resin is discharged to outside the die cavity; (5) maintenance is all solidified until resin the pressure of workpiece.
Quick injection segmentation extrusion forming method at article of fiber reinforced plastics of the present invention, when die cavity initially forms, distance between two mould part tool molded surfaces that complement each other to form die cavity is controlled to the resin of both being convenient to aequum can inject die cavity fast, die cavity volume as much as possible is full of by resin, is beneficial to resin and soaks into fibre reinforced materials.After resin injects,,, make the part distortion of die cavity, make the workpiece pressurized at this position, will be out of shape then and upwards expand whole die cavity gradually at first from the bottommost of die cavity in the bottom of gravity effect deposit in die cavity.Resin and interior bubble thereof that the area that workpiece is pressed in the each distortion of die cavity should be beneficial to distortion place flow to other position, but do not need the distortion of too much number of times, are beneficial to shorten the operating time.
In the quick injection segmentation extrusion forming method of article of fiber reinforced plastics of the present invention, press to the pressure of workpiece by adjustment, can adjust the resin content in the end article.
The injection moulding method of traditional article of fiber reinforced plastics is to comprise in the die cavity of shape invariance of contents such as fiber glass reinforcement, foam core, built-in fitting one to be injected into unsaturated polyester resin.Because contents such as fiber glass reinforcement, foam core, built-in fitting are arranged in the die cavity, therefore, the cross section of fluid channel of die cavity is less, the resin flow resistance is bigger, and flowing velocity is also just slower, and it is also just longer inject the required time.If the size of workpiece is big more, then the flow process of resin is long more, and required inject time is just longer, and in addition, the resistance of exhaust also can increase, and the possibility of defectives such as hickie that appearance produces because of bubble is detained and misrun is increased.The quick injection segmentation extrusion forming method of article of fiber reinforced plastics of the present invention owing to strengthened the die cavity space, does not make the distance between die cavity two forming surface reach final size at injection stage, and cross section of fluid channel is increased, thereby can fast resin be injected.By the another distance of partly dwindling between the cavity forming face of a part, resin is squeezed under less resistance shift die cavity onto everywhere then, make reinforcing material fully be soaked into, fill up die cavity.Have again, the injection moulding method of traditional article of fiber reinforced plastics, sometimes in order to reduce the resistance of runner, the area that filler in the cross section of fluid channel is shared reduces, increase resin and pass through area, though this has shortened inject time, but increased the content of resin in the end article, reduced the intensity of goods.And forming method of the present invention by injecting back compression workpiece, has increased the content of reinforcing material, has guaranteed the intensity of goods; And can be by adjusting the resin content in the moulding pressure control end article.
Annotate the pressure method for monoblock type, owing to be by as one man reducing by two all spacings between the mould part forming surface that complements each other to form die cavity, therefore required mold clamping force will be far longer than piecemeal and reduces the required mold clamping force of spacing, thereby equipment wants huge many; And because the die cavity cross section is to reduce simultaneously everywhere, therefore, unnecessary resin flow resistance is compared almost with injecting method with flow process.In contrast, the unnecessary resin flow resistance of the inventive method is less, because only be that this partial cross section of distortion die cavity has diminished during resin flows, and the die cavity cross section at other position does not reduce; And the resin flows situation that does not have the long-time long flow process that just can finish of needs, big flow resistance in the method for the invention, so the whole operation time is shorter.
In the method for the invention, in order to dwindle two distances between the mould part molded surface that complements each other to form die cavity, both can change one of any molded surface of two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity, also can change two molded surfaces that complement each other to form the mould part of die cavity simultaneously.
For realizing method of the present invention, mould of the present invention comprises two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity, two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity form a die cavity when closed, one of any in the mould part that two complement each other to form die cavity is rigid die, and another mould part that complements each other to form die cavity is a flexible die, the molded surface of rigid die has the shape consistent with the goods respective surfaces, the molded surface of flexible die is variable relatively surface, this flexible skin is supported by a plurality of telescoping mechanisms, the other end of each telescoping mechanism is supported on the heavy frame of flexible die, each telescoping mechanism can be as requested independent telescope separately, rigid die connects with the heavy frame of flexible die, to constitute a complete power bang path.
In mould of the present invention, two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity can be respectively outer mold and inner mold, and outer mold is a combined type rigid die, and the shape of its inner surface profile with goods basically is consistent; Inner mold is a flexible die, comprises: a flexible skin, an internal mold load core and a plurality of internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement; The space that forms between flexible skin and the outer mold is a die cavity, flexible skin is supported by internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement, internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement both can be connected on internal mold load core or the flexible skin separately, also but two ends are connected in respectively on internal mold load core and the flexible skin, each internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement is independent deformation as requested, so that the flexible skin of corresponding position is pressed to outer mold, internal mold load core connects with external mold, to constitute a complete power bang path.
In mould of the present invention, each internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement can be one or more in inflatable bladders, mechanical type telescoping mechanism, fluid pressure type telescoping mechanism, the mechanical-hydraulic formula stretching structure, but preferred internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement is an inflatable bladders, because inflatable bladders is simple in structure, assembling easily.During this airbag aeration the internal mold crust is pressed to external mold.
In mould of the present invention, air bag is bar shaped, is parallel to the longitudinal axis of workpiece, is pasted on the internal mold crust.In order to reduce the volume of air bag, internal mold load core should roughly have and the corresponding shape of external mold inner surface.Internal mold load core can be the folding structure of shape variable.
In mould of the present invention, flexible internal mold crust is to be made by polymer (for example: rubber, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) etc.).This crust has higher elastic deformability.
Adopt flexible internal mold, can simplify internal model structure greatly, avoided the piecemeal of rigidity internal mold many, complex structure, sealing station is many, assembly space is little, shortcomings such as assembling difficulty etc.And contain a plurality of free-standing air bags and the flexible internal mold that the internal mold load core of positioning action is arranged, overcome the flexible internal mold crust of monoblock type overall offset again and caused the uneven shortcoming of product wall thickness.
Describe below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Accompanying drawing 1,2 is for making the structural representation of body of a motor car mould.
During the vehicle body moulding, roof is downward, makes progress at the bottom of the car; The roof mould is minimum, and the car bottom die is the highest; The resin inlet is arranged on the lowest part of roof mould, and exhaust outlet is arranged on the highest point of car bottom die.The outer mold of vehicle body is the combined type rigid die of making of composite, generally is to combine by 6～9, is provided with sealing device between the module to prevent seepage, is provided with location, locking, liftout attachment etc. in addition.When all external molds were combined, formed inner chamber was a complete body contour.Vehicle body internal mold crust is made by flexible material, and when the air bag in it was full of gas fully, its profile was the manned capsule of vehicle body.The air bag rear end is established the external mold that engages mouthful with the doorway, back and is joined, and after the vehicle body moulding, flexible internal mold can be by the taking-up of doorway, back.Also be provided with the vertical air bag of putting at internal mold crust inner chamber, be attached on the internal mold crust inboard, these air bags are airtight, can inflate respectively.Flexible internal mold is connected at place, doorway, back with external mold, is provided with sealing, location and locking device, also is provided with bonnet at connector, in order to the inner chamber of sealing internal mold crust.In internal mold crust inner chamber, be provided with internal mold load core, around this internal mold load core 10～16 telescopic backstays arranged, corresponding with the locating hole that is provided with on the external mold (blind hole), and the projection of internal mold relevant position is embedded between backstay and the locating piece.This internal mold load core can be passed to reaction force on the external mold when the internal mold airbag aeration.
As shown in the figure, 1 is the car bed die, and 2 is the roof mould, and 3 is preceding boxing, and 4 is the back boxing, and 5 is doorway, back mould, adds the side mold 10,11 of both sides, can be combined into the rigidity external mold.6 is flexible internal mold crust, and 7 is the enging cabin patrix, and 8 is the enging cabin counterdie, and 9 is internal mold load core, and 12 is the longitudinal air bag, and 13 is vehicle body.
The vehicle body moulding process comprises:
1) the polyurathamc pellet of making car body in the vehicle body foaming mould of special use is repaired the back oil removing;
2) according to shop layer design, in the grey cloth shaping mould with extexine and endosexine grey cloth preformed.The reinforcing material of selecting for use must be determined its laying direction, the number of plies according to technological requirement, after spraying shaping glue, and heating pressurization typing;
3) brushing releasing agent in the good outer mold of cleaning, the brushing gel coat;
4) with preformed extexine grey cloth, polyurathamc pellet and endosexine grey cloth are placed in roof mould, side form and the front and back boxing tool in turn;
5) when pellet is set, bury on the anchor point that ironware is arranged on mould giving, and corresponding with corresponding location on the pellet, plug alignment pin.Give and bury ironware and must handle, and it is zinc-plated to do the surface through rust cleaning, oil removing, phosphatization;
6) both sides external mold and front and back boxing tool are fixed on the roof mould, must note location, sealing during matched moulds, again locking in advance.
7) the internal mold crust is embedded in the combination external mold, and is connected with the back door mould;
8) internal mold load core is sent into the outer intracutaneous of internal mold by the doorway, back, and the backstay of internal mold load core is inserted in the locating hole on the external mold in the lump together with the ring set on the internal mold, and backstay is locked;
9) car bed die inside and outside shell top layer grey cloth and sandwich layer are placed on the internal mold in the lump, and the layer of cloth of connecting portion is made in order, overlap;
10) close the car bed die, the door closure of being honored as a queen;
11) pipeline of connection make-up machine and mould;
12) be input in the computer according to definite program and relevant operational datas such as injection rate, injection rate, air pressure and temperature limit, reinforced to make-up machine;
13) start make-up machine, resin is sent into mold cavity fast;
14) after injection process is finished, change air bag pressure process automatically over to, begin to pressurize according to the strip air bag of program from roof mould center, because the expansion of internal mold, the intermode gap reduces, and unnecessary resin is squeezed from the roof center pushes the roof both sides to.The air bag of roof two side positions pressurizes in order then, resin then is pushed and is extruded onto vehicle body two upper lateral parts near roof place (that is: the bottom of car side form), then each air bag of side form position pressurizes in order from bottom to top the resin order to be squeezed and is pushed in the car bed die chamber, simultaneously front and back boxing tool is full of fully, each air bag of roof mould position pressurizes in order, and the roof mould is full of;
15) further give all air bag pressurizations, unnecessary resin is discharged by the exhaustion spill hole that is provided with on the bed die, and drain the interior air of mould;
16) after stowing operation is finished, change heating process immediately over to, start the heater in the mould, make the mould temperature rise, impel resin to solidify fast;
17) pipeline between cut-out mould and make-up machine;
18) internal mold load core and internal mold crust are taken out in the demoulding, clear up standby;
19) take out workpiece and clear up, finishing;
20) arrangement mould and equipment are prepared to reuse.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of quick injection segmentation extrusion forming method of article of fiber reinforced plastics comprises the following step:
(1) two of the combinations mould part that complements each other to form die cavity and reinforcing material, foam core, built-in fitting form a die cavity that arranges content, when die cavity initially forms, state when not making the shape of die cavity and size reach it to form end article, thereby the die cavity volume of the die cavity volume when die cavity is initially formed when forming end article;
(2) quantitative resin is injected formed bigger die cavity, wherein the amount of resin is slightly larger than and forms the required amount of product, but the die cavity volume when being less than die cavity and initially forming, thereby resin partly has been full of die cavity;
(3) but the internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement by independent deformation changes the shape that has charged into the part die cavity at resin place in the die cavity, dwindle the distance between the mould part molded surface that two at this position complements each other to form die cavity, make the workpiece pressurized at this position, force the part resin at this place to flow to other position;
(4) by separately independently internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement enlarge the area of workpiece pressurized in the die cavity gradually, finally make the whole work-piece pressurized, and the state when making the shape of die cavity and size reach it to form end article, unnecessary resin is discharged to outside the die cavity;
(5) maintenance is to the pressure of workpiece, cured resin.
2, according to the injection transfer moulding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that when die cavity initially forms, distance between two mould part tool molded surfaces that complement each other to form die cavity is controlled to the resin of both being convenient to aequum can inject die cavity fast, die cavity volume as much as possible is full of by resin, is beneficial to resin and soaks into fibrous material.
3, according to the injection transfer moulding method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: after resin injects,, at first begin to make the part distortion of die cavity from the bottommost of die cavity in the bottom of gravity effect deposit in die cavity, make the workpiece pressurized at this position, will be out of shape then and upwards expand whole die cavity gradually to.
4, according to the injection transfer moulding method of claim 3, it is characterized in that the area that workpiece is pressed in the each distortion of die cavity should flow to other position to resin that is beneficial to distortion place and interior bubble thereof for a short time, but do not need the distortion of too much number of times, be beneficial to shorten the operating time.
5, according to the injection transfer moulding method of claim 4, it is characterized in that pressing to the pressure of workpiece by adjustment, adjust the resin content in the end article.
6, realize the mould of claim 1-5 method, comprise two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity, two mould parts that complement each other to form die cavity form a die cavity when closed, one of any in the mould part that two complement each other to form die cavity is rigid die, and another is a flexible die, the molded surface of rigid die has the shape consistent with the goods respective surfaces, the molded surface of flexible die is a flexible skin, this flexible skin is supported by a plurality of telescoping mechanisms, the other end of each telescoping mechanism is supported on the heavy frame of flexible die, each telescoping mechanism can be as requested independent telescope separately, rigid die connects with the heavy frame of flexible die, to constitute a complete power bang path.
7, according to the mould of claim 6, it is characterized in that mould is made up of external mold and internal mold, outer mold is a combined type rigid die, the shape of its inner surface profile with goods basically is consistent; Inner mold is a flexible die, comprises: a flexible skin, an internal mold load core and a plurality of internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement; The space that forms between flexible skin and the outer mold is a die cavity, flexible skin is supported by internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement, internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement both can be connected on internal mold load core or the flexible skin separately, also but two ends are connected in respectively on internal mold load core and the flexible skin, each internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement is independent deformation as requested, so that the flexible skin of corresponding position is pressed to outer mold, internal mold load core connects with external mold, to constitute a complete power bang path.
8, according to the mould of claim 7, it is characterized in that internal mold deformation pressure exerting arrangement is an inflatable bladders, during airbag aeration the internal mold crust is pressed to external mold.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96102882A CN1060716C (en) | 1996-04-23 | 1996-04-23 | Shaping method for fiber reinforced plastic product and its mould |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96102882A CN1060716C (en) | 1996-04-23 | 1996-04-23 | Shaping method for fiber reinforced plastic product and its mould |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1163183A CN1163183A (en) | 1997-10-29 |
| CN1060716C true CN1060716C (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96102882A Expired - Fee Related CN1060716C (en) | 1996-04-23 | 1996-04-23 | Shaping method for fiber reinforced plastic product and its mould |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1060716C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105522763B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-09-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | The manufacture method and FRP sandwich structural bodies of FRP sandwich structural bodies |
| CN116494509B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-08 | 西南石油大学 | Basalt fiber composite pipe preparation mold |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4740346A (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1988-04-26 | The Budd Company | Perimeter resin feeding of composite structures |
| US5152949A (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-10-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Tooling method for resin transfer molding |
| GB2292332A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-02-21 | Alan Roger Harper | Moulding process and apparatus |
-
1996
- 1996-04-23 CN CN96102882A patent/CN1060716C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4740346A (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1988-04-26 | The Budd Company | Perimeter resin feeding of composite structures |
| US5152949A (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1992-10-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Tooling method for resin transfer molding |
| GB2292332A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-02-21 | Alan Roger Harper | Moulding process and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1163183A (en) | 1997-10-29 |
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