CN106070189A - 一种展膜油剂成膜助剂 - Google Patents

一种展膜油剂成膜助剂 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106070189A
CN106070189A CN201610439895.8A CN201610439895A CN106070189A CN 106070189 A CN106070189 A CN 106070189A CN 201610439895 A CN201610439895 A CN 201610439895A CN 106070189 A CN106070189 A CN 106070189A
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China
Prior art keywords
film
oil solution
coalescents
spreading oil
spreading
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CN201610439895.8A
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Inventor
王成
宋妍
戴荣华
韦能春
许兴志
吴磊
刘彦
赵艳龙
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Jingbo Agrochemicals Technology Co Ltd
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Jingbo Agrochemicals Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610439895.8A priority Critical patent/CN106070189A/zh
Publication of CN106070189A publication Critical patent/CN106070189A/zh
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    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种新型展膜油剂成膜助剂，以及此成膜助剂在展膜油剂中的应用。属农药应用领域，以乙二醇二硬脂酸酯、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯中一种或几种为成膜助剂有效成份，可用于水田中杀虫、杀菌和除草以及植物生长调节剂产品展膜油剂的配制。

Description

一种展膜油剂成膜助剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型展膜油剂成膜助剂，以及此成膜助剂在展膜油剂中的应用。属农药应用领域。
背景技术
随着用工成本的增加、农业机械化的发展、以及未来土地集中经营农场规模化，施用方便省工省时的剂型产品越来越成为市场需要的热点，展膜油剂就是一种很好的剂型，但传统过往展膜油剂由于在水面的铺展性能以及天气影响，成膜均一性和持效性受影响从而影响了防治效果。
有专利公开了一种展膜油剂成膜剂，包括0-100重量份的月桂酸甲酯、0-100重量份的十八醇、0-100重量份的丙二醇苯醚和0-100重量份的丁醚醋酸酯。本成膜剂在成膜在扩散速度和再扩散性方面也还存在问题。产品能在水面快速扩散，在遇风后也能快速再扩散，保证药膜长期稳定存在的成膜剂成为困挠发展的难题，本文从产品的扩散速度和抗风吹的能力，以及遇大风吹后可快速再分散方面进行改善提高了产品的使用效果。
发明内容
针对上述缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种新型展膜油剂成膜助剂，实现多种药剂的展膜油剂开发。
为了实现上述目的，本申请采取的技术方案如下：
一种展膜油剂成膜助剂，所述的成膜助剂选自乙二醇二硬脂酸酯、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯中的一种或两种及以上组合，其各组分在成膜助剂中的质量占比为0～100％。
乳化剂由于有亲水性和亲油性，所以油性体系在他们的作用下可以乳化分散；而展膜油剂需要的是油系在水面扩展而不是乳化。这些助剂亲油性强，同时有很弱的亲水性，但与油性体系混合后其整体表现亲水非常差，在水面扩展，而不是乳化；这使其可以用作展膜油剂成膜助剂。
所述的成膜助剂在展膜油剂中的重量百分比为3％～80％。
优选的，成膜助剂在展膜油剂中的重量百分比为5％～30％；成膜助剂用量太低时表现出在水面成膜扩展性能差，用量高时成本高同时由于没有溶剂空间而导至产品不耐低温。
所述的成膜助剂由两种及以上组分组成时，任意两种组分的质量百分比为1：99～99：1；该组合物加热30～60℃搅拌混匀即可。
这一成膜助剂可用于水田中杀虫、杀菌、除草以及植物生长调节剂类展膜油剂的配制。
适合用这成膜助剂可适用配成展膜油剂的杀菌剂产品有：稻瘟酰胺、嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲环唑、丙环唑、稻瘟灵、异稻瘟净、乙蒜素；
适合用这成膜助剂可适用配成展膜油剂的杀虫剂产品有：吡虫啉、吡蚜酮、噻虫嗪、啶虫脒、丙溴磷、仲丁威、异丙威、噻嗪酮。
适合用这成膜助剂可适用配成展膜油剂的除草剂产品有：乙草胺、丙草胺、丁草胺、异丙甲草胺、苯噻酰草胺、嘧啶肟草醚、敌稗、氰氟草酯、2、4滴丁酯、2甲4氯、禾草丹、莎稗磷、苄嘧磺隆、二氯喹啉酸、五氟磺草胺、吡嘧磺隆。
适合用这成膜助剂可适用配成展膜油剂的植物生长调节剂有：赤霉酸、脱落酸、芸苔素内酯、多效唑。
上述这些可以做成单剂展膜油剂，也可做成复配展膜油剂，还可以是杀虫、杀菌、除草及植物生产之间的产品进行复配。
目前通用的展膜油剂配比组成是由有效成份、溶剂、助溶剂、常用表面活性剂和成膜助剂组成，常用表面活性剂是指脂防醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(任基和辛基)、苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、甲醛酸酯聚氧乙烯醚类；采用本文成膜助剂配制展膜油剂时不需要使用常用表面活性剂，配比组成只需要有效成份、溶剂、助溶剂和成膜助剂。
综上所述，本申请所提供的成膜助剂，能够使得展膜油剂产品能在水面快速扩散，在遇风后也能快速再扩散，保证药膜长期稳定存在的成膜剂成为困挠发展的难题，本文从产品的扩散速度和抗风吹的能力，以及遇大风吹后可快速再分散方面进行改善提高了产品的使用效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对发明涉及的技术方案进行进一步说明，以便有助于本发明的理解，但不作为对技术方案的限制，除特别提及的以外，组分比例均为重量计，有效成份为折百计。
成膜助剂扩散等级的评价方法如下：
成膜剂扩展速度和扩展面积测定方法：成膜助剂10g与溶剂油150#90g混合均匀后进行测试，取该测试液50μL滴入水面，测定在水面的扩展半径(cm)及所用时间(s)，扩展速度(cm/s)＝扩展距离(cm)/扩展时间(s)。
成膜助剂分散扩展性能分级见表1:
表1
各成膜助剂扩展性能对比见表2：
表2
实施例1：10％稻瘟酰胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：稻瘟酰胺10g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮7g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯10g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯5g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
配制方式：向烧200ml内加入氮甲基吡咯烷酮和溶剂油150#后，再向其内添加稻瘟酰胺，乙二醇二硬脂酸酯和丙二醇单硬脂酸酯，搅拌溶解混匀即可；为加快溶解速度可将样品加热，在30～60℃下进行溶解。
后续实施例的配制方式可以参照实施例1的配制方式进行。
实施例2：15％吡唑醚菌酯展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：吡唑醚菌酯15g、DMF 5g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮2g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯7g、甘油单硬脂酸酯9g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例3：15％苯醚甲环唑展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：苯醚甲环唑15g、DMF 4g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯6g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯10g、二甲苯10g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例4：30％稻瘟灵展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：稻瘟灵30g、DMF 5g、丙酮5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯6g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例5：10％异稻瘟净展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：异稻瘟净10g、DMF 5g、丙酮6g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯14g、二甲苯10g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例6：30％乙蒜素展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：乙蒜素30g、DMF 5g、丙酮5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂9g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例7：20％丙环唑展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：丙环唑20g、丙酮10g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯5g、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、油酸甲酯补至100g；
实施例8：8％嘧菌酯展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：嘧菌酯8g、丙酮10g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯6g、甘油单硬脂酸酯7g、二甲苯20g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例9：50％乙草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：乙草胺50g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯18g、二甲苯20g、油酸甲酯补至100g；
实施例10：40％丁草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：丁草胺40g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯6g、二甲苯20g、大豆油补至100g；
实施例11：50％丙草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：丙草胺50g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯9g、二甲苯10g、玉米油补至100g；
实施例12：60％异丙甲草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：异丙甲草胺60g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂9g、二甲苯10g、菜籽油补至100g；
实施例13：10％苯噻酰草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：苯噻酰草胺10g、丙酮10g、DMF5g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯10g、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例14：4％嘧啶肟草醚展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：嘧啶肟草醚4g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮5g、甘油单硬脂酸酯7g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯10g、二甲苯15g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例15：10％敌稗展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为敌稗10g、DMF 5g、甲醇10g、甘油单硬脂酸酯7g8g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯6g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例16：10％氰氟草酯膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：氰氟草酯10g、DMF 5g、丙酮5g、甘油单硬脂酸酯19g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例17：50％2、4滴丁酯展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：2、4滴丁酯50g、甘油单硬脂酸酯10g、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂8g、二甲苯20g、机油补至100g；
实施例18：8％2甲4氯展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：2甲4氯8g、甲醇10g、甘油单硬脂酸酯10g、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例19：40％禾草丹展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：禾草丹40g、DMF 5g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯10g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例20：20％莎稗磷展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：异稻瘟净10g、DMF 5g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯5g、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯9g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例21：8％二氯喹啉酸展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：二氯喹啉酸8g、DMF 5g、丙酮10g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯10g、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂8g、二甲苯20g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例22：1.5％五氟磺草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：五氟磺草胺1.5g、丙酮10g、DMF 5g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯7g、二甲苯20g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例23：30％吡嘧磺隆展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：稻瘟灵30g、DMF 5g、乙腈5g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯6g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例24：2％赤霉酸展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：赤霉酸2g、DMF 5g、丙酮2g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯5g、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯9g、二甲苯15g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例25：0.5％脱落酸展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：脱落酸0.5g、DMF 4g、丙酮5g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯8g、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂9g、二甲苯10g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例26：0.3％芸苔素内酯展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：芸苔素内酯0.3g、丙酮5g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯5g、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、膘果油补至100g；
实施例27：4％多效唑展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：多效唑4g、丙酮5g、四氢呋喃5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯10g、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯5g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例28：5％吡虫啉展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：吡虫啉5g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮10g、DMSO 5g、DMF10g、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯10g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例29：5％吡蚜酮展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：吡蚜酮5g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮10g、DMF 10g、四氢呋喃5g、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯10g、甘油单硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例30：3％噻虫嗪展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：噻虫嗪3g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮15g、辛醇10g、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯10g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯5g、二甲苯20g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例31：3％啶虫脒展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：啶虫脒3g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮10g、DMF 8g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯7g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯5g、甘油单硬脂酸酯5g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例32：10％苄嘧磺隆展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：苄嘧磺隆10g、二氯甲烷7g、丙酮7g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯6g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯7g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯3g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例33：40％丙溴磷展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：丙溴磷40g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯5g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯6g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯4g、二甲苯20g、松脂油补至100g；
实施例34：20％仲丁威展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：仲丁威20g、丙酮10g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯2g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯7g、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯5g、二甲苯15g、矿物油补至100g；
实施例35：20％异丙威展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：异丙威20g、丙酮7g、DMSO 10g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯3g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯3g、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂10g、乙酸仲丁酯补至100g；
实施例36：5％噻嗪酮展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：噻嗪酮5g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮10g、DMF5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯10g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯1g、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯3g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例37：1.5％赤霉酸·脱落酸展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：赤霉酸1g、脱落酸0.5g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮3g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯4g、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯2g、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯3g、二甲苯15g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例38：15％稻瘟酰胺·吡唑醚菌酯展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：稻瘟酰胺5g、吡唑醚菌酯10g、DMF 4g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮4g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯5g、甘油单硬脂酸酯6g、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯5g、甲苯20g、溶剂油150#补至100g；
实施例39：27％吡嘧磺隆·丙草胺展膜油剂；
以配制100克样品为例，原料组成为：吡嘧磺隆2g、丙草胺25g、氮甲基吡咯烷酮5g、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯7g、甘油单硬脂酸酯9g、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯1g、溶剂油200#补至100g；
实施例40：生测实施例
防治对象：水稻稻飞虱
地点：山东省临沂市
试验时间：2015年7月23日
实验方法:展膜油剂采用在田间每亩均匀分布15个点进行撒施后让其在水面扩展形成药膜,在近水叶茎润湿部位展布成成药膜进行吸收防治。而常规药剂则是兑水后进行喷雾使用。
表3
从表3可以看出,展膜油剂防治效果明显好于常规药剂，并且施药方便，省工省时。
实施例41：生测实施例
防治对象：水稻稻瘟病、纹枯病
地点：山东省临沂市
试验时间：2015年7月15日
实验方法:展膜油剂采用在田间每亩均匀分布15个点进行撒施后让其在水面扩展形成药膜,在近水叶茎润湿部位展布成成药膜进行吸收防治。而常规药剂则是兑水后进行喷雾使用。
采用对角线取样的调查方法进行调查：每一个处理取5点，每点取10株，三个处理共调查150株；重复进行3次，然后计算稻瘟病的病情指数和防治效果。
病情指数和防治效果计算方法参照农药田间药效试验准则分级标准如下：(单位：穗)
0级：无病；
1级：每穗损失5％以下(个别枝梗发病)；
3级：每穗损失6％-20％(三分之一枝梗发病)；
5级：每穗损失21％-50％(穗颈或主轴发病，谷粒半瘪)；
7级：每穗损失51％-70％(穗颈发病，大部分瘪谷)；
9级：每穗损失71％-100％(穗颈发病，造成白穗)；
表4
从表4可以看出,展膜油剂防治效果明显好于常规药剂，并且施药方便，省工省时。
实施例42：生测实施例
防治对象：稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草
地点：山东省临沂市
试验时间：2015年6月20日
展膜油剂采用在田间每亩均匀分布15个点进行撒施后让其在水面扩展形成药膜,在杂草近水叶茎润湿部位展布成成药膜进行吸收防治。而常规药剂则是兑水后进行喷雾使用。
表5
从表5可以看出,展膜油剂防治效果明显好于常规药剂，并且施药方便，省工省时。
在水稻移栽后,水稻心叶完全在水面以上2cm后,用展膜油剂在田间每亩均匀分布15个点进行撒施后让其在水面扩展形成药膜,对杂草进行封闭除草(杂草出水接触药液而死记亡)。而常规药剂则是采用整地后放水播种后拌土撒施，或撒施后再灌水移栽，相比之下该实施例中展膜油剂使用非常方便，省工省时。
表6
从表6可以看出,展膜油剂防治效果明显好于常规药剂，并且施药方便，省工省时。
实施例43：生测实施例
防治对象：调节植物生长
地点：山东省临沂市
试验时间：2015年7月18日
实验方法:展膜油剂采用在田间每亩均匀分布15个点进行撒施后让其在水面扩展形成药膜,在近水叶茎润湿部位展布成成药膜进行吸收后调节水稻生长。而常规药剂则是兑水后进行喷雾使用。
采用对角线取样的调查方法进行调查：每一个处理取5点，每点取10株，三个处理共调查150株；重复进行3次，然后计算稻瘟病的病情指数和防治效果
表7
从表7可以看出,展膜油剂防治效果明显好于常规药剂，并且施药方便，省工省时。

Claims (9)

1.一种展膜油剂成膜助剂，其特征在于，所述的成膜助剂选自乙二醇二硬脂酸酯、丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇单油酸脂、脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、脱水山梨醇三油酸酯中的一种或两种及以上组合，其各组分在成膜助剂中的质量占比为0～100％。
2.如权利要求1所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂，其特征在于，所述的成膜助剂在展膜油剂中的重量百分比为3％～80％。
3.如权利要求1所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂，其特征在于，所述的成膜助剂在展膜油剂中的重量百分比为5％～30％。
4.如权利要求1所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂，其特征在于，所述的成膜助剂由两种及以上组分组成时，任意两种组分的质量百分比为1：99～99：1。
5.如权利要求1所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂的应用，其特征在于，在水田中杀虫、杀菌、除草以及植物生长调节剂类展膜油剂类产品的应用。
6.如权利要求5所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂的应用，其特征在于，所述的杀菌剂产品有：稻瘟酰胺、嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲环唑、丙环唑、稻瘟灵、异稻瘟净、乙蒜素。
7.如权利要求5所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂的应用，其特征在于，所述的杀菌剂产品有：所述的杀虫剂产品有：吡虫啉、吡蚜酮、噻虫嗪、啶虫脒、丙溴磷、仲丁威、异丙威、噻嗪酮。
8.如权利要求5所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂的应用，其特征在于，所述的除草剂产品有：乙草胺、丙草胺、丁草胺、异丙甲草胺、苯噻酰草胺、嘧啶肟草醚、敌稗、氰氟草酯、2、4滴丁酯、2甲4氯、禾草丹、莎稗磷、苄嘧磺隆、二氯喹啉酸、五氟磺草胺、吡嘧磺隆。
9.如权利要求5所述的展膜油剂成膜助剂的应用，其特征在于，所述的植物生长调节剂有：赤霉酸、脱落酸、芸苔素内酯、多效唑。
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