CN1060697A - Be particularly suitable for the Pneumatic-operating jig of friction clutch of internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Be particularly suitable for the Pneumatic-operating jig of friction clutch of internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
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- CN1060697A CN1060697A CN 91104106 CN91104106A CN1060697A CN 1060697 A CN1060697 A CN 1060697A CN 91104106 CN91104106 CN 91104106 CN 91104106 A CN91104106 A CN 91104106A CN 1060697 A CN1060697 A CN 1060697A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of like this Effector, it is preferably used in handles the friction clutch that transmits engine torque, wherein, this device comprises a piston with the Pneumatic working cylinder of active chamber, a seal-moving in cylinder and one push rod with the opposed side bearing of active chamber on piston, in addition, active chamber links to each other with the external world by an outlet valve, links to each other with pressure air source by a suction valve.
Description
The present invention relates to such Effector, it is preferably used in handles the friction clutch that transmits engine torque, wherein, this device comprises a piston with the Pneumatic working cylinder of active chamber, a seal-moving in cylinder and one push rod with the opposed side bearing of active chamber on piston, in addition, active chamber links to each other with the external world by an outlet valve, links to each other with pressure air source by a suction valve.People are devoted to improve the manipulation work of driver to clutch always for a long time.Simultaneously, the structure of Motor Vehicle is also updated, and wherein, because the layout (in the Motor Vehicle of rear engine) of motor, the manipulation work of clutch pedal is at least in part by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic transmission.
The first step has developed servo-system, and the pressure air servo-system that the present invention had is significant; Corresponding therewith, other servo-system only is described herein, for example electric hydraulic system or low service system are developed equally.
The essence of servo-system is (as known in the art): these systems are for (between clutch pedal and the clutch disengaging lever) carries out the power transmission at operating device with between by operating device, utilize auxiliary energy to apply an assistance force, this power is wanted obviously greater than the active force that is transmitted, its direction should be corresponding with the active force that transmits, in the ordinary course of things, the characteristics of this system are, should often be in continuous state at operating device and by the power transmission between the operating device, that is to say, this system can not rely on auxiliary force yet and works, this point is essential, only in this way, the instantaneous position of actuation unit could reflect by the present position of operating device unit.
Assistance force then can be used the described actuation unit of HU-168945, perhaps produces with the described actuation unit of HU-179418.
HU-168945 has described a clutch pedal that pneumatic servo system is housed.Lasting connection between clutch pedal and clutch disengaging lever is to guarantee by the hydraulic work cylinder that is connected with clutch disengaging lever at the other hydraulic pressure transmission cylinder that adds of clutch pedal and with the closed duct that above-mentioned two cylinders connect.And assistance force will be applied by the other piston that sends the piston upper support of cylinder at hydraulic pressure, and above-mentioned other piston moves in a Pneumatic working cylinder.The air inlet of Pneumatic working cylinder pressure air and exhaust are finished by two valves, they are finally handled by clutch pedal, in the disclosed hydraulic work cylinder that pneumatic servo system is housed by HU-179418, described lasting connection is to send piston, closed duct and hydraulic work cylinder by the hydraulic pressure of being handled by clutch pedal to form equally.But, according to this embodiment, the piston of hydraulic work cylinder is to link to each other with the piston of Pneumatic working cylinder, and, the air inlet of Pneumatic working cylinder pressure air and exhaust realize that by two co-operating valves they are set in the housing of hydraulic work cylinder, handle with corresponding pressured fluid, and liquid comes self-hydraulic to send cylinder and same operating hydraulically operated clutch release slave cylinder.
In this system, the driver also must apply a sizable pedaling force, and this just causes driver's (when for example working on the urban transportation bus) to be easy to fatigue.For this reason, various semi-automatic and automatic clutch systems have been invented, the essence of these systems is, the driver opens an electric switch with hand or by promoting operating handle (switch lever), it begins loosen the clutch, and this clutch is at shift end, after the electric switch outage just when gas pedal is pressed down with a certain speed closure, this speed is proportional with the increase of engine speed.
The embodiment of this form can obtain in DE-A-2637635, DE-A-2637636, US-A-4401200 and US-A-4403682.All have one to handle cylinder in all embodiments, its piston rod links to each other with the separator levers of clutch, and the input of manipulation medium and output are respectively by a solenoid-actuated valve control.And the sharp strive forward of electromagnet is to control with a control unit with more complicated program according to the revolution of motor and the input revolution of (in case of necessity) speed changer.
Though this program is also perfect at last, can not as footrest for driver, easily accurately realize by the skill (skidding of clutch) of the correct utilization of driver more originally.
Hence one can see that, the driver just must apply a corresponding active force for loosen the clutch in non-automatic system, it must be to keep the connection handled between clutch pedal and the clutch by pipeline, if but by automation steering force is saved with handling to be connected, then can only realize more low-level manipulation.
The object of the invention provides a kind of like this air-operated control device, it has saved the essential direct connection of servo-system, but still can accurately satisfy driver's requirement, because the present invention has used following knowledge, promptly under the situation of using suitable electromagnet and corresponding construction, just control valve work electrically and comes control valve the same by connection machinery or hydraulic pressure.
For this reason, the present invention relates to an air-operated control device, be used to handle the clutch that transmits engine torque, simultaneously, this device has a Pneumatic working cylinder, one active chamber and one sealed movable piston in the chamber is arranged in cylinder, this piston can be arranged to a diaphragm in case of necessity, a side bearing one push rod that deviates from active chamber on the piston, in addition, active chamber links to each other with the external world by outlet valve, and link to each other with pressure air source by a suction valve, this device is so constituted, promptly on Pneumatic working cylinder, settle a control cylinder, be built-in with the control piston of two ends sealing at this control cylinder, this control piston is separated into a control chamber and a counter balance pocket with the chamber of control cylinder, control chamber links to each other with active chamber with counter balance pocket, one chamber is set in control piston, this chamber links to each other with control chamber by a hole of running through the control piston end wall on the one hand, link to each other with the inlet of an incoming pressure air by an opening that runs through the control piston sidewall on the other hand, around running through the hole of control piston end wall and constituting a valve seat by chamber, valve seat is closed by the closing element of inlet valve spring loading by one, control piston moves during with the piston operation of Pneumatic working cylinder, control chamber with the opposed end of control piston on a hole is arranged, in this hole, settle a sealed movable outlet pipe, the end of stretching in the control chamber at outlet pipe is provided with a valve seat, settle an exhaust valve closure element in this valve seat front, move together when the closing element of outlet valve and the operation of the closing element of suction valve, the inner chamber of outlet pipe links to each other with the external world, outlet pipe is loaded on the direction opposite with the exhaust valve closure element by a spring, move with an electromagnet during operation, at last, electromagnet is connected with an Electromagnetic Control unit by mechanical force and/or control automatically.
In a preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, the closing element of suction valve and the closing element of outlet valve are arranged to an independent closing element, valve seat that is provided with in control piston and the valve seat that is provided with on outlet pipe constitute a coaxial line surface of revolution, and, the external diameter of outlet pipe in valve seat area less than the diameter in the hole in the control piston.
In second preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, Pneumatic working cylinder and control cylinder are arranged to an independent member unit, and operating cavity and counter balance pocket form a public chamber.
In the 3rd preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, the piston of Pneumatic working cylinder or one and tight with piston close the member that is connected and control piston and link to each other with another run-on point on the lever respectively, and simultaneously, the 3rd run-on point on the lever is fixed on the Pneumatic working cylinder.
In the 4th preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, two run-on points on the lever link to each other with a slide block respectively.
In the 5th preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, the piston of Pneumatic working cylinder is settled a piston rod in active chamber one side, the bounding means of a piston rod and a known wear compensation correcting unit wherein, and control piston moves during with the bounding means operation of another correcting unit.
In the 6th preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, the sleeve that one friction connects is set on the piston rod of settling in Pneumatic working cylinder, this sleeve moves when operating with control piston, one bounding means is set on sleeve, respectively establish an outside bounding means centering on the part of sleeve and of Pneumatic working cylinder along the sleeve movement locus in above-mentioned bounding means both sides, or a bounding means is set on the part of sleeve at Pneumatic working cylinder, two outside bounding meanss are set on sleeve, distance between two outside bounding meanss equals the summation of the permission stroke and the middle bounding means thickness of piston, when connecting power greater than operation, friction between piston rod and the sleeve affacts axial force on the sleeve because of control piston links to each other with sleeve, but less than being applied to the axial force on the piston by the operating unit that is in home position (in case of necessity by a clutch that is in the close position), free axial distance between sleeve and piston is the same with progressive error at least big, and the trip difference is recently to calculate according to the transmission of the permission wearing and tearing of operating unit member and consideration operating unit and piston space existence.
In the 7th preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, the run-on point that lever connects on piston links to each other with sleeve.
In another preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, the piston of Pneumatic working cylinder is in drive fit with a signal sending element of electric signal transmitter and is connected, other signal sending element links to each other with Pneumatic working cylinder, and electric signal transmitter links to each other with a display unit and/or with an ECU (Electrical Control Unit) of controlling automatically.
At last, one preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention be the back of Pneumatic working cylinder or with member that piston links to each other after, in case of necessity after piston rod, on a distance that limits by home position, a confined planes is set, this distance is corresponding with progressive error, and progressive error is to calculate according to the velocity ratio between permission wearing and tearing, operating unit and the piston of control member.
Describe the present invention in detail by two specific embodiments in the accompanying drawing below, accompanying drawing shows:
Fig. 1 represents the device of a simplification;
Fig. 2 represents that one is equipped with the device of wear compensation corrector.
Device shown in Figure 1 is the most easy embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, the driver is with this clutch of pedal control.
Settle a piston 3 in this pneumatic type clutch release slave cylinder 1, its sealing is guaranteed by seal ring 4, is supporting a push rod 5 by a spherical joint on piston 3, and the other end of this push rod 5 links to each other with separator levers 26 by a spherical joint equally.Though not expression in Fig. 1,, must guarantee that in this device the friction element (wobble wheel, friction disk, pressure plate) of clutch 27 can be compensated after wearing and tearing.This point can so realize by the simplest mode, is equipped with a threaded piece at an end of push rod 5, fixing adjustable spherical bearing body on it.Because this compensation scheme is not a constituent element of the present invention, simultaneously, general professional workforce knows this countless class solutions, so, elaborated with regard to unnecessary herein.
Side opposite with push rod 5 at piston 3 has a piston rod 48, and its (48) is at a leading from the guiding cylinder 49 that is equipped with closed end that the back wall 50 of Pneumatic working cylinder 1 is extended.Herein, piston (bar) 48 only tasks are, avoid tilting because of the piston 3 that always not homoaxial active force that the sphere joint produces causes.Yet this piston rod can be omitted, as long as this moment, piston 3 was provided with wide opotism part, perhaps only allows push rod 5 axial motions.
The active chamber 2 of Pneumatic working cylinder 1 is that side opposite with push rod 5 that is placed in piston 3.Folding formula retracting cylinder 37 by a lid 36 and one rubber between this Pneumatic working cylinder 1 and the push rod 5 closes, and its task is to isolate dust.On the back wall part 50 of Pneumatic working cylinder 1, settle a control cylinder 6 that has than minor diameter.In this control cylinder 6, settle a control piston 8, respectively be equipped with a seal ring 9 and 10 at its two ends.
This control piston 8 is with the inner chamber separated into two parts of control cylinder 6, that is control chamber 45 and counter balance pocket 38, and control chamber 45 links to each other with active chamber 2 by a pipeline 7, and pipeline 7 is linked on the control chamber 45 by an inlet 46.Counter balance pocket 38 links to each other with active chamber 2 equally.Under this case situation, pipeline 7 is connected on the counter balance pocket 38 by an inlet 47, the purpose that adopts this structure is known, and always there is identical pressure in the mode dual-side that just can be implemented in control piston 8 according to this, and therefore makes operation not be subjected to the influence of a pressure difference.
Also be equipped with a chamber 11 in control piston 8, it links to each other with control chamber 45 by a hole 12 of running through the headwall of control piston 8.12 circumference constitutes a valve seat 13 by chamber 11 along the hole, and this valve seat 13 is by a closing element 15 sealings, and element 15 is remained on closed state by a spring 14.This valve seat 13 and closure member 15 common formation suction valves.
Be equipped with a perforate 42 on the sidewall of control piston 8, it communicates with that part at the inner chamber of control cylinder 6, i.e. that part of communicating of being surrounded with the seal ring 9 and 10 at controlled piston 8 two ends.The inlet 40 that is provided with on control cylinder 6 walls and identical cavity link to each other, and this inlet 40 links to each other with pipeline as the pressure air source 39 of air vessel.Corresponding, ever-present pressure does not influence the operation of control piston 8 equally between seal ring 9 and 10.
Control chamber 45 is having the relative side of the end face in hole 12 with an end wall 16 sealings with control piston 8.In end wall 16, be equipped with a perforate 17, stretch in the control chamber 45 by its outlet pipe 18.And the sealing between outlet pipe 18 and the perforate 17 is guaranteed by seal ring 19.Outlet pipe 18 be in the structure that a valve seat 20 is made in ends in the control chamber 45, this valve seat 20 is settled a closing element 21 relatively, this element 21 by bar 22 link to each other with closing element 15, between closing element 21 and valve seat 20, when this two elements (20 and 21) constitute outlet valve, have a slot.
On the section that is positioned at end wall 16 outsides of outlet pipe 18, a sidewise hole 43 is set, in fact it constitute the fixedly connection between the perforation exhaust port 41 of extension tube 44 of the inner chamber 51 of outlet pipe 18 and control cylinder 6.This exhaust port 41 directly communicates with the external world.
Being connected on the movable iron core of an electromagnet of not drawing 24 of outlet pipe 18 with valve seat 20 opposite opposed ends, electromagnet 24 is fixed on pipe fitting 44 ends, and outlet pipe 18 then applies power by a spring 23 towards the direction of electromagnet 24.
Electromagnet 24 is a so-called proportion electro-magnet with regard to its electrical characteristic, this means, as known in the art, the movement travel of iron core has such section based on its technical pattern, in this section, the active force that electromagnet applied only depends on excited state, and with because of regulating formed air gap variation irrelevant (that is not being affected).
Electromagnet 24 is connected on the power supply 52, this power supply of situation in this case is a storage battery, in a branch that constitutes communication line, be connected in series a control unit 53, shown in Figure 1, it is a voltage-operated device, its moving element links to each other with clutch pedal 25, the mode of describing of this electric control unit 53 has only been used better simply principle, so this voltage control unit is the most original and uneconomic device for regulating drive characteristic.In reality, excited state is to realize with the pulse of constant voltage and variation, is more accurate and economical like this.
Clutch pedal 25 from lower support by spring 54, and spring 54 returns its home position (home position) except making clutch pedal 25, also guarantees the sensation of pilot control clutch.
In the end adjacent of control piston 8 with counter balance pocket 38, settle a piston rod 32, this piston rod 32 passes back wall 50 and extends in the active chamber 2, settles a lever 28 in active chamber 2, and it is linked to each other with piston rod 32 by run-on point 30 in the middle of it.
The run-on point 29 and 31 that is positioned at lever 28 ends is connected respectively on piston 3 and the Pneumatic working cylinder 1, because being the motion with piston 3, the distance between the run-on point 29,30,31 changes, so this variation must be compensated, only a kind of possible embodiment shown in Figure 1 for being used to compensate, yet, also can imagine other embodiments.
Shown in Figure 1, run-on point 29 places are arranged to have the structure of a slide block 33, and thus, run-on point 29 can move along lever 28.Equally, run-on point 31 also is provided with a slide block 34, and run-on point 31 can move on the spring holder 55 that is fixed on the back wall 50.Corresponding, run-on point 30 can be arranged to a kind of connection that does not have motion between lever 28 and piston rod 32, and the advantage of doing like this is to make lever and slide block be difficult for unclamping.
Spring holder 55 also can be fixed on the back wall 50 with mechanical connection, yet is enough by solution shown in Figure 1.Settle a spring 35 in active chamber 2, it is bearing on the piston 3 on the one hand, is bearing on the other hand on the spring holder 55, with this mode spring 35 spring holder 55 is pressed onto on the back wall 50, and the clutch mechanism with clutch 27 remains on a kind of gapless state simultaneously.
So far described device working principle is as follows:
The home position of automobile clutch is closed state.Clutch shown in Figure 1 is in closed state, and the air-operated control device is in and the corresponding basic status of this state.
This basic status means that piston 3 is positioned near the back wall 50 of Pneumatic working cylinder 1 (here, closed fully corresponding to clutch 27), and between the valve seat 20 of outlet pipe 18 ends and outlet valve 21, have a gap, like this, active chamber 2 just is connected with the external world by inner chamber 51, hole 43 and the relief opening 41 of air conduit 7, control chamber 45, this outlet valve, outlet pipe 18.
When basic status, clutch pedal 25 is in its home position equally, that is to say, it is not in depressed position, and like this, electric control unit 53 does not just apply voltage to the coil of electromagnet 24, so this electromagnet is in nonexcited state.
Loosen the clutch can make electric control unit 53 apply an energizing voltage on the electromagnet 24 by clutch pedal 25 is pressed down so if desired.And electromagnet is applied on the iron core with the proportional active force of excitation one, and iron core is correspondingly moved.
The iron core of electromagnet 24 shown in Figure 1 is so to settle, and it can move from right to left according to the intensity of electromagnetic field, that is to say, moves towards the direction of closing element 21.With iron core, this outlet pipe 18 also moves equally.
When the valve seat 20 of outlet pipe 18 ends arrived closing element 21, outlet valve was just closed, and active chamber 2 and extraneous connection simultaneously interrupted.
After this, the closing element 21 that outlet pipe 18 is put on valve seat 20 with seat continues motion, and closing element 20 will be pushed open from valve seat 13 by the closing element 15 that bar 22 will link to each other with bar 22, and thus, suction valve is opened.
Pressure air from pressure air source 39 by enter the mouth 40, perforate 42, chamber 11, suction valve, hole 12, control chamber 45 and the pipeline 7 opened enter the active chamber 2.Pressure air promotes piston 3, and piston 3 begins to make clutch 27 to unclamp by push rod 5 and separator levers 26.
If piston 3 is moved, the run-on point of lever 28 just moves with piston 3 so, and lever 28 will be connected to control piston 8 on its run-on point 30 and that place piston rod 32 ends and also move a distance of dwindling by lever ratio accordingly with the displacement of piston 3.
Because valve seat 13 is arranged in the control piston 8, when control piston 8 was faster than outlet pipe 18 motions, spring 14 just was pressed onto closing element 15 on the valve seat 13, i.e. this valve closing, and then pressure air stream is interrupted, and this piston 8 also just stops.
As can be seen, for making piston 3 continuous motions, just must guarantee that outlet pipe does continuous motion, this point can so realize, i.e. pressing down along with clutch pedal, the excited state of 53 pairs of electromagnet 24 of electric control unit improves gradually, and when electromagnet was a proportion electro-magnet, electromagnet 24 put on linear raising of effect masterpiece on the iron core.At run duration, electromagnet 24 can overcome the elastic force of spring 23, because of its spring performance is linear equally.After INO, the elastic force that is applied to the spring 14 on the closing element 15 just is added on the above-mentioned elastic force (23), yet elastic force after this (14) can be used as constant considers that this elastic force can not influence roadability for this reason.
Can obviously find out by above-mentioned, outlet pipe 18 overcomes spring 23 and moves such segment distance, this distance is corresponding to the change that the excited state of electromagnet 24 is done with the motion of clutch pedal 25 with electric control unit 53, therefore, the position of outlet pipe 18 is total corresponding with the position of clutch pedal 25.
Needn't benly be, top narration be applicable to that just electromagnet 24 has the relevant work section of ratio characteristic, promptly can think linear section.Corresponding therewith, when determining plant bulk, just must consider like this, and various velocity ratio also must be selected like this, promptly should be in the substantially linear section for the total kilometres that make the necessary outlet pipe 18 of device reliable operation.
Return on the runnability, as long as the excited state of electromagnet 24 is enhanced, and the power on the iron core of acting on can overcome the elastic force of spring 23 and overcome the elastic force of spring 14 in case of necessity, so, closing element 15 will leave from valve seat 13, so just can guarantee to supply with active chamber 2 all the time with pressure air by the suction valve of opening.
For closed clutch 27, pedal 25 must be put back to its home position, and the excited state of electromagnet 24 just by electric control unit 53 little by little reducing with the proportional mode of the motion of clutch pedal 25, outlet pipe 18 is passed towards the direction of its home position by spring 23.At this moment, closing element 15 is at first sat and is put on valve seat 13, and thus, suction valve has interrupted the connection route between active chamber 2 and the pressure air source 39.When aforesaid outlet pipe 18 carried out return motion, the valve seat 20 of its end left closing element 21, and active chamber 2 is in communication with the outside by this outlet valve of opening, and exhaust.
If the motion of vent ratio outlet pipe 18 is fast, or outlet pipe 18 stopped, and for example the driver wants to make clutch 27 break-ins, and the piston 3 that is just moved backward along with the control piston 8 of lever 28 motions is pressed onto on the outlet pipe 18 so.According to this, closing element 21 is sat again and is put on the valve seat 20 that is positioned at outlet pipe 18 ends, and this outlet valve is closed, and exhaust is simultaneously interrupted.Have only when outlet pipe 18 and carry out its return motion again and valve seat 20 exhaust when closing element 21 leaves just can be proceeded.
When outlet pipe 18 arrived its home position, the closed of clutch 27 just finished.
From the explanation of above operation as can be seen, the position of clutch pedal 25 has always clearly determined the position of outlet pipe 18, and the position of corresponding outlet pipe is very accurately being followed in the motion of piston 3, like this, between clutch pedal 25 and separator levers 26, just have one with being dynamically connected, and this servo-actuated connects so far and only realizes with machinery or hydraulic way.Apparatus of the present invention go for the structure that all the pasts can implement, and to handle required mechanical force be minimum, and the distance between control unit and the controlled cell can also ad infinitum enlarge.
Should further be mentioned that in addition, with regard to the advantage of device of the present invention, be not only that it can be handled with the electric control unit that mechanical force promoted, and the present invention has pointed out corresponding developing direction for the enterprise that produces Motor Vehicle, promptly attempt to make flat clutch and mechanical synchronized driving device automation, in such embodiment, unclamping with closed of clutch controlled by automatic controller equally.In device of the present invention, can be by an automatic controller with good programming, and realize a kind of like this clutch control by an electric control unit, promptly only adopt just attainable clutch control of traditional Effector so far by the driver.
Device shown in Figure 2 is compared with device noted earlier has the solution of several parts different.The part of these part solutions has only shown structural difference, and part has in addition then been improved the operation of device, and makes it have other superiority.
What only consider as a difference structure is, with respect to being closed in valve seat 13 that is provided with in the control piston 8 and the valve seat of on outlet pipe, settling 20, one independent closure body 56 only is set, and this closure body 56 places the chamber 11 of control piston 8 and is pressed onto on the valve seat 13 by spring 14.
This hole of diameter D(in hole 12 is surrounded into by valve seat 13) greater than the diameter d of the outlet pipe of measuring at valve seat 20 places 18, respective row tracheae 18 can pass hole 12 and through closure body 56 places therewith.
The seat of closure body 56 is put on the valve seat 13 and is had the closing element that larger-diameter part constitutes suction valve, and the termination face of settling in the end of closure body 56 constitutes the closing element of outlet valve.
Other constructional variant relates to the connection between counter balance pocket 38 and the active chamber 2.Because Pneumatic working cylinder 1 and control cylinder 6 can be arranged to a cast member, shown in wall between counter balance pocket 38 and the active chamber 2 just can save.Corresponding therewith, counter balance pocket 38 and active chamber 2 just form a common cavity.
Other flexible program then has the advantage of operation aspect.
Suit one sleeve 57 on the piston rod 48 of piston 3, this sleeve 57 is affixed on the piston rod 48 by friction, and this friction connects can reach requirement with multiple mode.Best mode is the end fluting at sleeve 57, so just makes the resilient screw die (as casing tongs) that compresses.
At the two ends of sleeve 57 bounding means 58 and 59 are set respectively.Between these two bounding meanss 58 and 59, and on the distance between two bounding meanss, extend a bounding means 60 by guiding cylinder 49.
Parallel with this guiding cylinder 49, there is a closed duct 61 to be connected on the back wall 50 of Pneumatic working cylinder 1, in closed duct 61, settle a slider 62, settle a tongue piece 66, settle a signal sending element 63 in the other end at itself and working cavity 2 those adjacent ends.
This signal sending element 63 is permanent magnets, and is a part of electric signal transmitter.Other parts of this electric signal transmitter be respectively signal sending element 64(it be an inductive switch, be connected on the power supply 52) and between switch and power supply 52 another connect a for example bulb of the display element 65(that pegs graft in branched line).
Run-on point 29 at lever 28 fixing on the piston 3 is set on the slider 62.In addition, the variation of lever arm length is then guaranteed by the slide block 33 that places run-on point 29 places, at this, lever 28 is transportable in run-on point 29 and in slide block 33, as the other end of lever 28 in being fixed to Pneumatic working cylinder 1 run-on point 31 and in slide block 34 removable.
Because piston 3 and slider 62 are connected to each other by aforesaid (chain type) circuit, so, can be considered to a run-on point that is connected on the piston 3 in the run-on point 29 that is provided with on the slider 62.
Foregoing two part solutions are to show its superior functionality in the following manner.
Because the inertia or the error of device, the motion of clutch pedal 25 and piston motion may not be fully synchronous, so according to the purpose requirement, the information that should provide the clutch 27 that is not to come from clutch pedal 25 to be totally released to the driver at least.Under the situation of control automatically, these information are indispensable, and electric signal transmitter can be finished this purpose.
This electric signal transmitter be positioned at signal sending element 63 on the slider 62, when piston 3 is passed by to the needed stroke L of loosen the clutch 27, just arrive fixed in position signal sending element 64 in face of (bottom), at this moment, electric signal transmitter is just operated display element 65.
Point out that because the friction element of clutch 27 can wear and tear, so this device must have compensate function, otherwise institute's torque transmitted will drop to zero, this task is finished by sleeve 57.
Be so selected apart from t between the bounding means 58 and 59 that is provided with at sleeve 57 two end part, promptly should equal the stroke L of piston 3 and the thickness V sum .t=L+V of bounding means 60 apart from t, and bounding means 60 is arranged in the control cylinder 49, corresponding therewith, sleeve 57 always returns through such distance at run duration, promptly corresponding to being totally released clutch 27 necessary stroke L.
When the wearing and tearing of the friction element of clutch 27, though do not change for being totally released (clutch) necessary stroke L, the top of stroke and terminal general are constantly near the back wall 50 of Pneumatic working cylinder 1.
For each clutch process, an attrition value that allows is arranged all with regard to performance characteristic.For this reason and the velocity ratio that fixedly installs between clutch 27 and the separator levers 26, corresponding progressive error K just can estimate, and during wearing and tearing, the point (tracing point) of stroke L moves around K.
The position of piston rod 48 also must change corresponding to sleeve 57, for this reason, and when friction connects that the connection that can guarantee between sleeve 57 and the piston rod 48 only has an axial force that limits and is possible when not sliding.Can select under the situation of frictional force herein below considering.
Acting on the constant power of being transmitted by lever 28 by control piston 8 on sleeve 57, and frictional force must be greater than this active force, therefore, this active force will not make sleeve 57 slippage on piston rod 48.
The other active force that puts on the sleeve 57 is that power of having an effect when clutch 27 closures.This power can be up to so big, i.e. that power that can calculate of the velocity ratio of mentioning according to the closing force and the front of clutch 27 closing springs thus, this power must be able to overcome the frictional force of effect on the sleeve 57, so, although clutch 27 has also closure fully of wearing and tearing.In fact frictional force can not be once just near this active force.When frictional force multiply by selected coefficient 1.2-1.5 again according to the necessary power of the motion of piston 8 is enough.
The compensation correction that wearing and tearing are carried out is also finished automatically, and promptly under abrasion condition, piston rod 48 and sleeve 57 more approximately move the quantitative value of these wearing and tearing, and like this, stroke L then remains constant.
Bounding means 58,59,60 can be placed on the sleeve 57 with other modes, on the Pneumatic working cylinder 1 or on other positions.Should be noted that herein, when on sleeve 57, only settling a bounding means, and other two along the movement locus of sleeve 57 and the bounding means that is provided with in above-mentioned bounding means both sides be positioned on the Pneumatic working cylinder 1 or be placed in one with parts that this cylinder 1 links to each other on when (on control piston 49), this device is still and can moves.
Though the diameter of piston rod 48 on its overall length of seeing from Fig. 2 is constant, but for the purpose of reliable, it must be emphasized that, moving of sleeve 57 must guarantee by a suitable structure setting, because the demand of sleeve 57, must vacate a free distance S towards the direction of piston 3 on piston rod 48, it should equal progressive error K at least.
One other accurate scheme is, the motion of piston 3 is limited to the end of running length difference K, for this reason, is provided with stop surface 60 in the end of control piston 49, can avoid the lasting damage that causes because of wearing and tearing with it.The limit movement of piston 3 can also solve with other modes, and it is pushed up on the back wall 50 simply.
Although two embodiments have proved that apparatus of the present invention go on the clutch of Motor Vehicle, but clearly, the present invention also can be used for the remote-controlled occasion of all these classes, promptly need be by the occasion of driver's control, but the actual conditions of handle structure are differentiated, corresponding therewith, also just need with different embodiments.
When controlled clutch, the displacement distance of proportion electro-magnet is long, for this reason, must a velocity ratio be set between piston and control piston, be understood that easily, under less shift motion situation, velocity ratio can save, and then piston can directly be connected with control piston.
If necessary, the whole implementation scheme of Pneumatic working cylinder and control piston also can be saved, and in other words, these two parts can relatively be placed in the cast member.
Producing in the enterprise of Motor Vehicle, be arranged to patching as the piston of a vitals of handle structure, this point can not influence using effect of the present invention.
Can guarantee a kind of rectification building-out of machinery by the wear compensation correcting device of Fig. 2 description, various mechanical wear correcting device exists already, wherein some goes for apparatus of the present invention in principle, what must consider this is, mobile can the realization between piston and the control piston, corresponding therewith, if a connecting element of wearing and tearing correcting device is connected on the piston, so, other connecting element should be attached in some way on the control piston.
Relevant other part number table:
1. Pneumatic working cylinder 2. clutch release slave cylinder chambeies
3. piston 4. seal rings
5. push rod 6. control cylinders
7. air conduit 8. control pistons
9. seal ring 10. seal rings
11. chamber 12. holes
13. valve seat 14. springs
15. closing element (suction valve) 16. end walls
17. hole 18. outlet pipes
19. seal ring 20. valve seats
21. closing element (outlet valve) 22. bars
23. spring 24. electromagnet
25. clutch pedal 26. separator levers
27. clutch 28. levers
29. run-on point 30. run-on points
31. run-on point 32. piston rods
33. slide block 34. slide blocks
35. spring 36. housings
38. counter balance pocket 39. pressure air source
41. relief openings 40. enter the mouth
42. opening 43. holes
44. pipe fitting 45. control chambers
47. inlets 46. enter the mouth
48. piston rod 49. control chambers
50. back wall (part) 51. inner chambers
52. power supply 53. electric control units
54. spring 55. spring holders
56. closure body 57. sleeves
58. bounding means 59. bounding meanss
60. bounding means 61. closed ducts
62. slider 63. signal sending elements
64. signal sending element 65. display elements
66. tongue piece 67. grooves
K progressive error S free length
The t spacing (from) the d diameter
V thickness D diameter
Claims (10)
1, is used for handling the air-operated control device of the friction clutch that transmits engine torque, this device has a Pneumatic working cylinder (1), one active chamber (2) and one sealed movable piston (3) in active chamber (2) is arranged in cylinder (1), this piston (3) can be arranged to diaphragm part in case of necessity, side bearing that deviates from active chamber (2) at piston (3) a push rod (5), in addition, active chamber (2) links to each other with the external world by an outlet valve, and link to each other with a pressure air source (39) by a suction valve, it is characterized in that:
Go up arrangement one control cylinder (6) at Pneumatic working cylinder (1), the control piston (8) of one two ends sealing is set in control cylinder (6), this control piston (8) is separated into a control chamber (45) and a counter balance pocket (38) with the chamber of control cylinder (6), control chamber (45) links to each other with active chamber (2) with counter balance pocket (38), one chamber (11) is set in control piston (8), this chamber (11) links to each other with control chamber (45) by a hole (12) of running through control piston (8) end wall on the one hand, link to each other with the inlet (40) of an incoming pressure air by an opening (42) that runs through control piston (8) sidewall on the other hand, constitute a valve seat (13) around the hole (12) of running through control piston (8) end wall and by chamber (11), valve seat (13) is closed by the closing element (15) of inlet valve spring (14) loading by one, control piston (8) moves when operating with the piston (3) of Pneumatic working cylinder (1), control chamber (45) with the opposed end wall of control piston (8) (16) on a hole (17) is set, and a sealed movable outlet pipe (18) is set in this hole, and one valve seat (20) is set in the end that this outlet pipe (18) stretches in the control chamber (45), the closing element (21) of one outlet valve is set in valve seat (20) front, the closing element (15) of closing element of outlet valve (21) and suction valve moves when operating together, the inner chamber (51) of outlet pipe (18) links to each other with the external world, outlet pipe (18) is loaded with the direction opposite with exhaust valve closure element (21) by a spring (23), and outlet pipe (18) moves when operating with an electromagnet (24), at last, electromagnet (24) is connected with an electric control unit (53) by mechanical force and/or control automatically.
2, by the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the closing element of suction valve and the closing element of outlet valve are arranged to an independent closure body (56), valve seat (13) that is provided with in control piston (8) and the valve seat (20) that is provided with on outlet pipe (18) constitute the surface of revolution of coaxial line, and the outer diameter (d) of outlet pipe (18) in valve seat (20) section is less than the diameter (D) in the hole (12) in the control piston (8).
3, by the device of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: Pneumatic working cylinder (1) and control cylinder (6) are configured to a structural member, handle active chamber (2) and counter balance pocket (38) and constitute a common cavity.
4, press the device of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the piston (3) of Pneumatic working cylinder (1) or one and piston (3) are in the member that drive fit is connected and are connected with a run-on point (29,30) of lever (28) respectively with control piston (8), and the 3rd run-on point (31) of lever (28) is fixed on the Pneumatic working cylinder (1) simultaneously.
5, by the device of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: two run-on points (29,31) of the run-on point of lever (28) (29,30,31) are connected with a slide block (33,34) respectively.
6, press the device of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the piston (3) of Pneumatic working cylinder (1) links to each other with a piston rod (48) that comes out from active chamber (2), simultaneously, a bounding means of a piston rod (48) and a known wear compensation part moves when operating together, and control piston (8) moves when then operating with the other bounding means of compensating part.
7, device by one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: go up at the piston rod (48) of the piston (3) of Pneumatic working cylinder (1) and settle a sleeve (57) that connects by the friction link, during operation, sleeve (57) moves with control piston (8), one bounding means (60) is set on sleeve (57), along the sleeve movement locus one outside bounding means (58 is set respectively centering on the part of sleeve (57) and of Pneumatic working cylinder (1) in above-mentioned bounding means both sides, 59), perhaps a bounding means (60) is set centering on the part of sleeve (57) of Pneumatic working cylinder (1), two outside bounding meanss (58 are set on sleeve (57), 59), two outside bounding meanss (58,59) distance between (t) equals thickness (V) sum that piston (3) allows stroke (L) and middle bounding means (60), the frictional force that friction connects between piston rod (48) and sleeve (57) affacts axial force on the sleeve (57) because of control piston (8) is connected with sleeve (57) during greater than operation, but the axial force that in piston (3), produces less than the operating unit that is in home position [in case of necessity by a clutch that is in the close position (27)], and the free axial distance (S) between sleeve (57) and piston (3) is the same big with progressive error (K) at least, and progressive error is to be and to consider that the velocity ratio of existence between operating unit and the piston (3) calculates according to the permission of operating unit member wearing and tearing.
8, by the device of one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the run-on point (29) that is connected on the piston (3) of lever (28) is connected with sleeve (57).
9, press the device of one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: the piston (3) of Pneumatic working cylinder (1) is in drive fit with a signal sending element (63) of electric signal transmitter and is connected, and other signal sending element (64) is connected on the Pneumatic working cylinder (1), and electric signal transmitter is connected with a display unit (65) and/or with an electric control unit of controlling automatically.
10, press the device of one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: the back of Pneumatic working cylinder (1) or with member that piston (3) is connected after, afterwards in case of necessity at piston rod (48), on a distance of measuring by home position, a confined planes (68) is set, this distance is corresponding with progressive error (K), and progressive error (K) is according to the permission of operating unit member wearing and tearing and considers that the velocity ratio of existence between operating unit and piston (3) calculates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU3137/90 | 1990-05-22 | ||
| HU903137A HU903137D0 (en) | 1990-05-23 | 1990-05-23 | Liquid level and phase limit measuring device of high accuracy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1060697A true CN1060697A (en) | 1992-04-29 |
Family
ID=10962742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91104106 Pending CN1060697A (en) | 1990-05-22 | 1991-05-22 | Be particularly suitable for the Pneumatic-operating jig of friction clutch of internal combustion engines |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1060697A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU903137D0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108779813A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-11-09 | 康斯博格汽车股份公司 | Damping clutch actuator |
| CN111237493A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-05 | 厦门大学 | Effectively reduce slide valve of wearing and tearing |
-
1990
- 1990-05-23 HU HU903137A patent/HU903137D0/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-05-22 CN CN 91104106 patent/CN1060697A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108779813A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-11-09 | 康斯博格汽车股份公司 | Damping clutch actuator |
| CN108779813B (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2019-12-03 | 康斯博格汽车股份公司 | Damping clutch actuator |
| CN111237493A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-05 | 厦门大学 | Effectively reduce slide valve of wearing and tearing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU903137D0 (en) | 1990-10-28 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |