CN106068351A - Macroscopic pattern formed material and structure for vehicles arresting system - Google Patents
Macroscopic pattern formed material and structure for vehicles arresting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106068351A CN106068351A CN201580011630.1A CN201580011630A CN106068351A CN 106068351 A CN106068351 A CN 106068351A CN 201580011630 A CN201580011630 A CN 201580011630A CN 106068351 A CN106068351 A CN 106068351A
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- Prior art keywords
- macroscopic pattern
- inch
- vehicles
- pattern structure
- macroscopic
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
- E01F15/14—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact specially adapted for local protection, e.g. for bridge piers, for traffic islands
- E01F15/145—Means for vehicle stopping using impact energy absorbers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
- B64F1/02—Arresting gear; Liquid barriers
- B64F1/025—Arresting gear; Liquid barriers using decelerating or arresting beds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
- E01C9/007—Vehicle decelerating or arresting surfacings or surface arrangements, e.g. arrester beds ; Escape roads, e.g. for steep descents, for sharp bends
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
- B21D13/04—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form by rolling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
Abstract
Embodiment of the disclosure and relate in general to macroscopic pattern formed material and the using method about vehicles arresting system thereof.Specific embodiment provides and may be used for blocking 3 D folding materials of the vehicles, honeycomb, grating texture and other cycle porous material structures.Can be designed as having allow material under the pressure of the vehicles with it is contemplated that the characteristic that reliably crushes of mode.In order to provide desired characteristic, material can be formed variously-shaped and combine in every way.
Description
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
This application claims entitled " the The use of Macro-patterned submitted on March 3rd, 2014
Materials structures for vehicle arresting systems " No. 61/947,194 interim Shen of the U.S.
Rights and interests please, are incorporated to the full content of above-mentioned application the most by reference.
Technical field
Embodiment of the disclosure relate in general to macroscopic pattern formed material and about vehicles arresting system they
Using method.Specific embodiment provide may be used for blocking the 3-D folding material of the vehicles, honeycomb, grating texture and
Other cycle porous material structures.Material can be designed as having permission material under the pressure of the vehicles with can be pre-
The characteristic that meter mode reliably crushes.In order to provide desired characteristic, material can be formed variously-shaped and group in every way
Close.
Background technology
Aircraft and may exceed the end of runway really, and this improves to the injury of passenger and the destruction of aircraft or to aircraft
The probability of serious infringement.This transfinite failure take off period or landing time occur, aircraft with up to 80 joint
Speed is advanced.In order to make the harm transfinited minimize, FAA (FAA) typically requires and exceedes runway end, length
Degree is the safety zone of 1,000 feet.During although this safety zone has been in FAA standard now, but the many runways spread all over the country
Built before using this standard.These runways may be located such that water, road or other obstacles prevent from meeting economically
1000 feet of requirements of transfiniting.
In order to alleviate the serious consequence of overrun condition, if dry substance (including the existing soil surface beyond runway) is for it
Make the ability of aircraft be assessed.But, soil surface is not intended to block mobile traffic (that is, aircraft)
Good solution, the character being primarily due to them is unpredictable.
Another system developed there is provided a kind of vehicles arresting system or other compressible systems, this traffic
Instrument arresting system or other compressible systems include aircraft wheel that be placed in the end of runway, clear the runway end in traveling
Pressure under will be it is contemplated that and the material of reliable crushing (or otherwise deformation) or barrier.By compressible low-intensity material
The resistance provided makes aircraft and makes aircraft stop in the range of region of transfiniting.The concrete example of vehicles arresting system
It is referred to as engineering material arresting system (EMAS), and is date in JIUYUE, the 2005 FAA Advisory Circulars 150/5220-of 30 days now
Described in 22B " Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS) for Aircraft Overturns "
US airports design standard a part.EMAS and the planning of runway safety zone are referred to by FAA system 5200.8 and 5200.9
Lead.
Compressible (or deformable) vehicles arresting system can also be such as in order to make the traffic work in addition to aircraft
Purpose that tool or object slow down and be placed in road or footpath (or other places) upper or in.They may be used for stopping safely vapour
Car, train, truck, motorcycle, tractor, trail bike, bicycle, ship maybe can accelerate and tilt out of hand thus to be needed
Will be by any other vehicles of safety stop.
Have contemplated that for some the concrete materials blocking the vehicles (specifically about blocking aircraft) include phenol formaldehyde foam,
Honeycombed cement, foam glass and porous chemical combine phosphate ceramics (CBPC).These materials can be formed runway end
The surface bed in stopping device region at portion.When the vehicles enter stopping device region, the wheel of the vehicles will sink into material
In, this material is designed to produce the increase of towing load.
However, it is possible to some being improved in the material the most developed.Such as, phenol formaldehyde foam may disadvantageous
Having " resilience " characteristic in it, this causes the return of some energy after compression.Celluar concrete had such as the time
Past and change and be likely to be due to its inherent character of variable raw materials and hydro-combination process subsequently and be difficult to aborning protect
The density held and compressive strength characteristic.Foam glass is likely difficult to control uniformity.Block it is therefore desirable to be developed for the vehicles
The improvement material of resistance bed.
Summary of the invention
Thus, embodiments of the invention described here provide and are used for using macroscopic pattern formed material or structure design traffic
The system and method for instrument arresting system, this macroscopic pattern formed material or structure can be designed as having permission material from
With it is contemplated that the characteristic that reliably crushes of mode under the pressure of the vehicles.In order to provide desired characteristic, material can be formed
Variously-shaped and combine in every way.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the top perspective of an embodiment of macroscopic pattern formed material, the specially people on aluminum alloy sheet
The 3-D foldable structure of herringbone pattern.
Fig. 2 shows the macroscopic pattern as the 3-D foldable structure in the herringbone pattern on different aluminum alloys material
The top perspective of one embodiment of material.
Fig. 3 shows the top perspective of another embodiment of macroscopic pattern formed material.
Fig. 4 shows the side perspective that may be used for forming an embodiment of the machine of folding line or pattern in material piece
Figure.
Fig. 5 A shows the block formed by multiple macroscopic pattern formed material structures.
Fig. 5 B shows the plate that the block formed by multiple macroscopic pattern formed material structures is made.
Fig. 6 shows the block formed by multiple macroscopic pattern formed material structures.
Fig. 7 A-Fig. 7 H shows the alternative structure shape in the range of the disclosure.
Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of honeycomb pattern.
Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram of outer panel honeycomb pattern on honeycomb core both sides.
Figure 10 shows an embodiment of honeycomb clamping plate.
Figure 11 shows an embodiment of the honeycomb clamping plate with indentation outer panel.
Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B shows that aircraft wheel contacts the signal of the honeycomb embodiment of the orientation of the unit shaft with change
Figure.
Figure 13 shows stacking honeycomb block or the schematic diagram of plate.
Figure 14 shows the schematic diagram that can be positioned to form the tack coat between the various structures of block.
Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B shows the fire test result of honeycomb core and cellular board.
Figure 16 shows the various types of grating textures in the range of the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment provides material, this material sets in the way of making them can be used for blocking the vehicles
Meter.In an aspect, material is provided as macroscopic pattern formed material.As used herein, phrase " macroscopic pattern formed material "
Or " macroscopic pattern structure " is for referring to the structure being made up of the repetitive in three-dimensional (" 3-D ") space.They are for each list
Unit may comprise up to or be more than the minimum feature size of about 1 millimeter.Material or structure can include 3-D folding material, lattice
Sub-shape structure, honeycomb texture and any other kinds of cycle loose structure.
As used herein, " cycle porous material structure " refers to have with cycle porous metals (such as,
Phil.Trans.R.Soc.A (2006) 364,31-68 page, Haydn N.G.Wadley " multifunctional periodic
Cellular metals " described in metal) the similar structure of structure, but they are not limited to metal material.This cycle is many
Porous materials structure can be made up of the most feasible material, including metal material, pottery, plastics, paper and composite thereof or its
Combination.Additionally, porous material aperiodic with characteristic size defined above also falls into macroscopic pattern formed material and structure
In the range of.
In one example, material is folded three-dimensional structure.Structure can be by being folded or press or inlay or with it
His mode designs and is formed.These materials can be formed with any number of optional shape and configuration and layer.Real at other
Executing in example, material is formed grating texture, object or the geometry of point, bar, rod, inflatable structure or arbitrarily other are tied
Structure, such as cross structure and pattern, honeycomb and folded-sheet honeycomb structure.
Macroscopic pattern formed material described here or structure can be by metal and alloy, paper tinsel, plastics, paper, associated materials
Or a combination thereof makes.More multi-option provides in the following description.This material or structure can be manufactured so that they are at quilt
Cut out for use in showing energy absorption ability during vehicles arresting system.By taking turns from the vehicles when interacting with material
Or other vehicle configurations produce drag force, the kinetic energy of mobile traffic can be absorbed so that vehicle slowdown or stop
Only the vehicles are had minimum damage and deceleration does not injure to vehicle occupant.By change various materials or
The geometric configuration of structure and material properties, the mobile traffic of Different Weight can stop in preset range safely.(can
Include that any continental rise takes turns mobile system, after such as automobile, truck, bicycle, landing or take off it with the vehicles stopped
Front aircraft etc.).
Vehicles arresting system refers to
System.They provide outside energy sink.They and vehicle configurations separate itself.Vehicles arresting system the most effectively make into
The vehicle safety entering system slows down.They may be provided in bed, protruding barrier, are filled with on the runway of material
Indentation region or arbitrarily other suitable systems.Disclosed arresting system is generally by macroscopic pattern formed material described here and knot
Structure assembles.
Material and structure may be designed such that failure mode will meet desired performance requirement.Such as, material pieces exists
Deform in a controlled manner during applying power or broken so that the vehicles or its occupant are not caused serious harm by them.Material leads to
Often being configured to have the wheel desired characteristic for the aircraft that transfinites, the wheel of this aircraft that transfinites passes material so that stop flying
Machine.In some instances, material is considered " frangible ".It addition, federal regulation can be ordered by destroying or crushing material
The size of the fragment that material or structure produce is so that they are little to not causing safety problem on runway.Another example is material
Can be designed with structure or be processed as meeting noninflammability requirement.
In a concrete example, find that planarization material sheet is folded into complicated 3-D structure offer be may be used for blocking friendship
The strength to density ratio of logical instrument.As background, the material structure of folding and honeycomb are developed and apply for other, are such as used for
The acoustic applications of noise reduction, for drop the protection of relief and donated assistance with reduce impulsive force (such as, as air-drop cushion pad),
As elastic dampers, as building framework or be used for packing in perfume and other breakables.But, in these purposes
The target of each is to make material withstand shocks and do not pulverize or broken.On the contrary, the expectation of the material described in this application is intended to
It is that they are designed to the most reliably crushing under the impact of the vehicles, in order to stop traffic work safely
Tool, makes the injury to vehicle occupant and the damage to the vehicles minimize simultaneously.
The folding theory being provided for structure described here is the material piece being folded into 3-D pattern.This
Cored structure 10 can be produced, Fig. 1-Fig. 3 shows the example of this cored structure 10.As outlined further below, once by shape
Becoming, cored structure 10 can be combined with other cored structures 10 of various geometries and layout and pattern, in order to provides desired
Compressive strength.
Scientist has developed the mathematical theory producing the repeated-geometric patterns that can be folded by flat sheet.Theoretical generation is a large amount of
The pattern of kind, all patterns are considered in the range of the disclosure.(many in these theories is by Rutgers university
D.H.Kling develops and starts, and summarizes in the pertinent literature published by the team of doctor Kling and Ta.Such as, by
Entitled " the Applications of Folding Flat that E.A.Elsayed and B.B.Basily of Rutgers university is carried out
Sheets of Material Into 3-D Intricate Engineering Designs " paper in describe for
Produce the process of the different pattern for various structures, by reference the full content of paper is incorporated to.)
Any type of folding may be used for forming described cored structure 10.Some examples include but not limited to use
Folding continuously, the discontinuous folding of use mould and vacuum that roller is carried out fold.Fig. 4 shows the one of potential folding process
Individual example.In this example, in order to provide raised design 16 or pattern creasy in material piece, material can be pressed by roller 14
Tablet 12.Then, by another group roller of the pattern-laterally folded roller transmission being carved with the other folding line of generation and pattern, there is protruding figure
The sheet of case.More specifically, sheet 12 can be by sending pre-folded by the roller of one group of order circumference trough of belt.Then by being carved with
One group of laterally folded roller of specific pattern sends the sheet of institute's pre-folded.Then this sheet folded continuously is cut into desired chi
Very little.In some instances, concrete pattern can be herringbone or triangle pattern.The raised design 16 formed can be herringbone
Pattern, all patterns as shown in figs. 1-3.Herringbone pattern generally can provide a series of nested V-arrangement feature.Show at other
In example, raised design can be cooperation face (" MS ") pattern, as shown in Figure 7 A.MS pattern the commonly provided skew gore.?
In other examples, concrete pattern can be block diagram case or slot type pattern (Fig. 7 B and Fig. 7 C), bending or sinusoidal wave shape pattern, have
The herringbone (Fig. 7 D) of flat surfaces (rather than point), reflection (or starlike) surface (Fig. 7 E), bearing surface reflecting mirror (Fig. 7 F) or
Arbitrarily other patterns.Fig. 7 G and Fig. 7 H shows other non-limiting example.Arbitrarily other patterns are possible and are considered
In the scope of the present disclosure.Other examples of potential convex surfaces include but not limited to herringbone pattern.Other patterns can wrap
Include honeycomb pattern and other patterns any of expectation energy absorption characteristics are provided.
In another example, by being formed and can arrange that desired inlay element produces mould.Once form mould
Tool, then can have the material piece of specific dimensions, to form desired collapsed shape against mould extruding.The structure produced has
Desired pattern of folds.
In another example, material piece can be heated and stretch.The method be particularly useful in polymer, plastics or
The material piece of composite.It is then possible to applying vacuum, to force plastic material against the mould being carved with desired pattern of folds
Tool.The combination of these technology can also be used.3-D folds or is formed the additive method of 3-D foldable structure and is possible and recognized
For in the scope of the present disclosure.
The criterion considered when determining and to use what raised design include but not limited to desired impact strength, energy-absorbing,
Crushing strength, compression gradient and any other factor.Material can also be revised according to expectation.For example, it is possible to selection has
Specific density and corrosion proof material, and material could be formed with particular geometric configuration and height.
The characteristic of selected final material and structure can be revised by design.Can be to former sheet stock, their thickness, folding
Folded pattern and pattern geometry are changed.The design flexibility selecting character and Performance Characteristics can allow by material more
Good and more to one's profitly for various application.
Such as, material piece can be sheet metal.Material piece can be paper tinsel, metal forming, such as aluminum or copper or its Alloy Foil.Material
Tablet can be paper, such as cardboard, fibre board, corrugated material, incombustible paper or glass fibre reinforced composion.Material can be
Plastics, such as thermoplastic, other polymer composites, thermoplastic, polymer (include but not limited to polyethylene,
Polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS resin) or composite (such as reinforced plastics) or a combination thereof.Material can be
Strengthen complex, carbon fiber, reinforced composite, pottery, cementing material or a combination thereof.
Material can be the combination in any of above-mentioned material.It is also envisioned that other materials is possible and is considered in the disclosure
In the range of.Inflatable material can also be developed and think in the scope of the present disclosure.Material can be apply suitable pressure,
Any suitable material that can deform when heat or other means.Feedstock property can be selected as providing desired crushing strength.
Parameter, such as yield strength, ultimate strength, heat treatment history and chemical stability can be considered.In particular example, survey
Try 1100 series alloys, and this alloy blocks performance good shown in application at the various vehicles.
The most identified concept of the present inventor is to make structure (or multiple structures of combination) reliably crush, can
The less anisotropy of selected pattern is made so that pattern is generally consistent on great majority (if not all) direction with expectation.
Cored structure 10 may be formed so that its folding line and other sizes are substantially similar across the various cross sections of structure 10.
Structure is generally stacked or is formed as being formed the bigger structure of vehicles arresting system.In one example, grand
See patterning clathrate, honeycomb or 3-D structured material and be formed with the main body of the definition structure formed by independent block.
The block (can have any shape, the most spherical, pleated sheet, bar, flat board, cellular board etc.) of macroscopic view can be placed in the volume of setting
In, this can be box, cube, stacking forms particular volume, layering assembles, be positioned in bed or any other options.They can
To have the position of definition so that there is repeat patterns.This repeat patterns can be formed by the structure stacked, the structure of this stacking
Can orient by different way.In another example, independent block or structure can be loose or by any means (such as
Bond, weld, interlock or any other suitable options) attachment.In short, assemble the most random.Structure is not with any
Mode combines, but generally by framework for producing repeat patterns.This can help to provide from what many directions provided reliable crushing
System.
The present inventor is it has also been determined that the specific thicknesses of material also supports that it is used as vehicles arresting system.Show at one
In example, the thickness of the material before folding can be in the range of about 0.003 inch to about 0.016 inch.At another
In individual example, the thickness of the material before folding can be from about 0.005 to about 0.015.In another example, fold it
The thickness of front material less than about 0.5 millimeter, and can be in particular less than about 0.3 millimeter.
In one example, the height of the raised design 16 institute's folding material formed can from about 0.3 inch to
About 2 inches.Concrete scope can be from about 0.4 inch to about one inch or 11/2Inch.Make this highly consistent or with across
Total 10 is unanimous on the whole is typically favourable.This can allow structure reliably to crush, and is no matter what part of structure
Receive impact.Desired crushing reliability when providing equally distributed pattern can help to impact.
As it has been described above, the generation structure 10 formed can also be with other build stack or layering, to form cored structure
Block 18.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 shows the block of multiple cored structure or the example of unit.The block 18 of cored structure can be by having identical material
The structure 10 of material and same or like geometry is formed.In another example, the block 18 of cored structure can be by having difference
The structure of material and same or like geometry is formed.In another example, the block 18 of cored structure can be identical by having
The structure of material and different geometry is formed.The combination in any of these features can be used.As mentioned, one is specifically shown
Example provides the structure 10 with similar geometry so that the less anisotropy of block 18 of cored structure.
Structure 10 can be layered along any number of orientation.Such as, in example shown in fig. 5, structure can be indulged
To stacking on top of each other.In another embodiment, structure can be right in vertically shape is arranged side by side as shown in Figure 6
Together.Interposed layer 20 can insert between each layer of institute's stacked structure as shown in Figure 5 A.Alternatively, structure can be for the most straight
Connect stacking.In a further embodiment, structure 10 can be twisted or be rolled into circular cell or block.Arbitrarily other config options are can
Can and be considered to be within the scope of this disclosure.Structure can have different top layers and/or bottom, different intermediate layers, or
Person's layer can all be similar to.
In one example, cambial structure 10 can be adhered to each other.In another example, cambial structure
10 can be soldered to each other.In another example, cambial structure 10 (can use and such as can crush non-combustible materials)
It is glued to each other.Intermediate layer 20 can bond and/or be welded to suitable position.Packing material (not shown) can be incorporated to institute
In the arbitrary region in the gap in foldable structure 10.Packing material can include but not limited to stablize, can crush and non-combustible
Material.Example includes the ceramic foam of very lightweight.Other example includes loose powder, weak ceramic cement, jelly, foam, each
The sand of type, a combination thereof and any other suitable options.Filler can fill the chamber of macroscopic pattern structure, and this is permissible
Put forward its performance and/or change the respondent behavior of the vehicles arresting system produced.
In a specific embodiment, block 18 can be alternately orientated multiple folding by the direction different along two
Layer/structure 10 is made.The two direction can be perpendicular to each other.The unfolded plain film in intermediate layer 20 can add to structure 10 it
Between.This (can stick with glue agent or other engagement means) and help to set up module unit 18.In a specific aspect, module unit 18 is each
It is of about five cubic inches.Other sizes are possible and are considered to be within the scope of this disclosure.Such as, the size of block can be
In the range of 1 cubic inch to about 12 cubic inch.
These module units 18 can have less anisotropy compression yield strength.Such as, the intensity difference on different directions
Can be less than 30%.It is desired that less anisotropy of compressive yield strength blocks aspect of performance at the vehicles.(expection is handed over
Logical instrument can from any number of different directions one near and contact block 18).Then, module unit 18 can be arranged in
In one level and stick with glue agent or other engagement means and be combined with unfolded dough sheet 20.These middle synusia 20 top and/
Or bottom can have the thickness of about 0.003-0.016 inch.In an aspect, the thickness in intermediate layer 20 can be similar to
Or it is different from the thickness of the initial sheets of foldable structure 10 for manufacturing.
Can be further combined with institute's combining unit of varying level or block 18, a level is added on another by this
Side, to form bigger block.These blocks can be rectangle, square or arbitrarily other appropriate sizes or shape in shape.
Fig. 5 A shows with institute's foldable structure 10, unfolded intermediate layer 20, top layer 22 (unfolded), bottom 24 (unfolded)
And multiple unit 18 that adhesive is built.In this example, each unit 18 is the most cube shaped, and in any two phase
Between adjacent foldable structure 10 layers, there is one or more smooth interlayer or intermediate layer 20.The orientation of institute's foldable structure 10 layers is such as
Replacing, to realize identical intensity in two mutually perpendicular directions do so described in before.Because material can be in different sides
Upwards there is different intensity, it is possible to be expected that by alternating layer orientation to reduce intensity difference.The height of institute's foldable structure layer
Determine also according to test and by selecting and using suitable foldable tool to realize so that strong between transverse and vertical direction
Degree difference minimizes.Can realize regulate parameter (thickness of such as material piece, the material of sheet, the height of folding line, thickness of interlayer and
Other parameters) to realize the expectation strength of materials on different directions and the intensity anisotropy of reduction.Such as, the model of institute's foldable layer
Enclosing can be from 0.3 inch to about 1.5 inch.
Fig. 5 B shows the more bulk 26 being made up of 36 cubic units 18, and each cubic units 18 is 5 inches
The cube 18 of x5 inch x5 inch.For this example, adhesive is for combining cube 18.It addition, dough sheet 28
It is attached to top and the bottom of the cubic units 18 of two levels.Between the cube 18 of two levels, there is also for
The big plain film 30 that the cubic units of two levels is combined.Except putting down greatly between the cube of any two level
Outside sheet 28 and big plain film 30, between adjacent cubic units 18, do not use extra combination.However, it should be understood that if
Expect, then can use and combine adhesive or other fixing materials.Higher piece 26 can be more multilevel and any by increasing
Plain film 30 between adjacent level makes.Should be understood that height and other aspects of the unit 18 for block 26 need not identical.
It is, for example possible to use different materials, different geometry and the block of different designs.But, use similar material, geometry
And the benefit of block 18 of design can be the less anisotropy of more bulk 26 formed and can reliably and it is contemplated that
Ground crushing.
Fig. 6 shows embodiment, and in this embodiment, structure 10 the most vertically positions so that each intermediate layer it
Between exist than they as shown in figs. 5 a and 5b horizontal location time bigger space.
Will also be understood that, thus it is possible to vary dough sheet 28 and the thickness of plain film 30, to provide different crushing to configure.This can allow
Unit 18 or more bulk 26 are designed to meet various performance requirement, such as, expecting the vertical intensity situation with height change
Under.The concept that the unit 18 of specific dimensions is used for building the combination between the unit 18 in more bulk 26 and control block 26 is permissible
Help to guarantee good failure mode during the vehicles block.
In the example shown, test person herringbone pattern.Although finding that the offer of this pattern shows to block for the vehicles
The test result of the good energy absorption characteristics of the intended application in resistance system, it should be appreciated that other patterns can be used and be considered
In the scope of the present disclosure.
In other embodiments, macroscopic pattern formed material can be formed grating texture, honeycomb, folded-sheet honeycomb structure or its
His cycle loose structure.Such as, honeycomb texture 32 can be formed the alveolate cells knot being clipped between two outer panels 36
Structure 34.Fig. 8 illustrates an example of cellular unit structure 34.Unit size can from about 1/4 inch until about
In the range of one inch.Unit size can be made even more big, and this depends on material used.Cell type can be rectangle
, hexagonal or any other suitable shapes.Honeycomb core structures generally has bearing capacity on one-dimensional, and at machinery
Characteristic aspect very anisotropy.But, by design (such as, by increasing panel and regulating core height or use folding honeybee
Nest structure so that final honeycomb texture can carry the load from different directions), material can become less each to different
Property.
Unit shaft can be designed or be oriented such that they have crushing strength similar from different directions.Show at one
In example, the material for honeycomb cell structure 34 can be metal or alloy (such as aluminum or other metal alloys) sheet or
Paper tinsel.Material can be plastics.Material can be paper, such as aramid paper, hardboard or other options.Material can be pottery, glue
Knot material, composite, a combination thereof maybe can have other suitable materials in terms of expectation crushing property.
Fig. 9 illustrates the schematic example of the honeycomb texture 32 with outer panel 36.Figure 10 shows honeycomb texture
The actual example of 32.Outer panel 36 can be made up of the material identical or different with cellular construction 34.Outer panel 36 is to providing more
The honeycomb texture 32 of rigid plate provides " skin ".
The specification of material and/or the thickness of material can be optimized, to provide the expectation crushing property producing structure.Such as, material
The specification of material can be in the range of thin aluminum foil thickness to rigid metal sheet.The thickness of assembled cellular board can on height H
With in the range of about 1/4 inch to about 40 inch.In a particular embodiment, plate is of about 24 inches high.At another
In individual embodiment, the assembling block of many plates can the most about 40 inches high.It should be understood that, thus it is possible to vary highly, to meet needs, and
And the height higher than 40 inches is possible.
As shown in figure 11, outer panel 36 can with indentation or have on the skin of plate 36 make one or more otch
38.This can help to strengthen the energy-absorbing feature of structure 32 (individually or as combinative structure 32).Indentation 38 is the most permissible
General parallel orientation, or they can be random or along various directions.Indentation or otch provide expectation when being shown in test
Pull load.
Figure 12 shows the various options for the direction of unit shaft 40.In fig. 12, unit shaft 40 forms the angle of 22 °.
Figure 12 B, the angle that unit shaft 40 shape is at 45 °.90 ° (vertical axis), 45 ° and 22 ° are tested.At fc-specific test FC bar
Under part, find that 45 ° of work are good.However, it is possible to use other angles according to the expection contact angle of vehicles wheel.Science and technology literary composition
Offer the function that intensity is established as unit shaft angle.Finding, the intensity of honeycomb texture 32 can be the function of unit shaft 40.?
In these examples, honeycomb texture 32 can be fixed to substrate B via the means of any appropriate.In one example, they are permissible
It is fixed to substrate B via adhesive.One or more honeycomb texture 32 can end-to-end be placed.
In another example, Figure 13 shows and can stack multiple honeycomb texture 32 to form combinative structure 42.At this
In example, structure 32 can be stacked as so that they produce elevated regions further along runway.In an aspect, stacked
Honeycomb texture 32 can be designed as having similar intensity.In one aspect of the method, stacked honeycomb texture 32 can be set
It is calculated as the intensity with change.For example, it is possible to provide more weak honeycomb texture 32A to be used for blocking lighter aircraft on top.More
Strong cellular board 32B may be provided in bottom or lower floor.All layers can bond or via one or more tack coat 42
Adhere to each other.
Figure 15 shows a series of fire test result.Figure 15 A shows the cellular unit structure 34 not having plate.Figure 15 B
Show the structure 34 of Figure 15 A being fixed with plate 36.These results illustrate that honeycomb texture 32 provides desired fire resistance.But,
Other refractory coating can be provided to plate, such as, such as,Coating or other fire-resistant or corrosion-resistant materials
Material.
Another example of the macroscopic pattern formed material that can use according to the disclosure is that the 3-D that stratification prints prints material
Material.Desired macroscopic pattern formed material shape can be that computer generates and then use the most suitable material to print.
Other material can be used together with 3-D Printing Qptions.Such as, husky or scattered Pumex (when combining with suitable binding agent) can
To be printed as desired form.Material therefor generally should have described crushing parameter so that the wheel of mobile aircraft will make
Obtain material crushing or otherwise deform.
The other example of the macroscopic pattern formed material that can use according to the disclosure is the lattice-like material become via rod,
Rod is connected to each other, to form structure at various.Figure 16 shows the non-limiting example of this clathrate type structure.
The material behavior of grating texture can be by changing grating texture itself, raw material or the size of material member
Revise.Bond strength at length, width or the diameter of rod, junction point and other parameters can also be changed.Example
As, compressive strength can control to be of about 3-100psi according to the specific requirement applied for vehicles arresting system.Example
As, density can be in the range of about 2pcf to 50pcf.Such as, grating texture can have about 0.001 to about
The module diameter of 1.5 inches or module transverse section characteristic size.One of grating texture may example be clathrate truss knot
Structure.
No matter vehicles arresting system is made by described 3-D folding material or is made up of described honeycomb texture,
Macroscopic pattern formed material can be stacked as so that different layers has the crushing of varying level.In one example, core knot
Structure can be arranged in the way of allowing difference crushing property at the varying level of structure.Such as, outer layer more can hold than internal layer
Change places crushing so that many in the damage of structure are occurred in outside.Can be heavier as another example, outer panel or layer
Or deeper indentation so that produce and more pull load.As another example, the outer layer of system can be by having with same
The different material layer of the intensity that lower material in system is different provides.The best of breed of these parameters can produce as friendship
The maximum effectiveness of the structure of logical instrument arresting system.These features can for different airport requirements, runway size and/or
The desired size of the aircraft of safety stop is wanted to modify.
The structure produced and the block of main body of formation thereof can be formed plate, block, bed maybe can be located in runway or
The arbitrary structures of the end of road.The vehicles arresting system produced can fix in any suitable way.Produce
Vehicles arresting system can cover or be coated with any materials for this purpose.
Can be to being enumerated above and accompanying drawing in the case of without departing from the scope of the disclosure or following claims or spirit
Shown in structures and methods be changed and revise, adding and deleting.
Claims (17)
1. a vehicles arresting system, including:
Multiple macroscopic pattern structures, the plurality of macroscopic pattern structure is by with it is contemplated that the material shape that reliably crushes of mode
Become.
System the most according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes three dimensional folded structure.
System the most according to claim 2, wherein, described three dimensional folded structure is by with a group or more groups roller squeeze wood
Tablet is formed to form desired raised design on said sheets.
System the most according to claim 2, wherein, described three dimensional folded structure includes herringbone pattern.
System the most according to claim 2, wherein, described three dimensional folded structure is combined in bulk, one of them or more
Individual structure is separated by intermediate layer.
System the most according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure runs through each structure and includes consistent geometry
Structure.
System the most according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes by one or more outer panel
The cellular unit structure of fringing.
System the most according to claim 7, wherein, described honeycomb texture includes from about 0.25 inch to about five inch
Unit size.
System the most according to claim 7, wherein, one or more outer panel include one or more indentation
Or otch.
System the most according to claim 7, wherein, described honeycomb texture includes the unit with axle, wherein, described list
Unit's axle is arranged with non-perpendicular fashion relative to blocking a surface.
11. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes from about 0.003 inch to greatly
The raw thickness of about 0.016 inch.
12. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes about 0.3 inch to about 2
The height of inch.
13. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes sheet metal, aluminum, copper, stainless
Steel, metal forming, plastics, paper, incombustible paper, cardboard, fibre board, corrugated material, glass fibre, reinforcement complex, carbon fiber, reinforcement
Composite, thermoplastic, pottery, cementing material, polymer or a combination thereof.
14. systems according to claim 1, including the block formed by multiple macroscopic pattern structures, wherein, are in described
Described macroscopic pattern structure at the top of block has than being in the described macroscopic pattern structure at the bottom of described piece more
Low intensity.
15. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes grating texture, described grid
Shape structure has the density in the range of about 2-50pcf and the compressive strength in the range of 3-100psi.
16. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes grating texture, described grid
Shape structure has module diameter or the module transverse section characteristic size of about 0.001 inch to about 1.5 inches.
17. 1 kinds of vehicles arresting systems, including:
Multiple macroscopic pattern structures, the plurality of macroscopic pattern structure is formed three dimensional folded structure, described three-dimensional folding
Stack structure relative to each other stacks and is separated by one or more intermediate layer,
Wherein, the material of described structure includes with it is contemplated that the material that reliably crushes of mode, and
Wherein, described macroscopic pattern structure includes from the raw thickness of about 0.003 inch to about 0.016 inch and about
The patterned layer height of 0.3 inch to about 12 inches.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201461947194P | 2014-03-03 | 2014-03-03 | |
| US61/947,194 | 2014-03-03 | ||
| PCT/US2015/018441 WO2015134463A1 (en) | 2014-03-03 | 2015-03-03 | Macro-patterned materials and structures for vehicle arresting systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106068351A true CN106068351A (en) | 2016-11-02 |
Family
ID=52814180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580011630.1A Pending CN106068351A (en) | 2014-03-03 | 2015-03-03 | Macroscopic pattern formed material and structure for vehicles arresting system |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150247298A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3114032A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2017510736A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20160128372A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106068351A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2015224575A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2940221A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2016011389A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015134463A1 (en) |
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| CN109398736A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-01 | 左红 | Aircraft landing runway and aero tyre |
| US20210261197A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2021-08-26 | Divergent Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for vehicle subassembly and fabrication |
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| US8539737B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2013-09-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Twelve-cornered strengthening member |
| DE102012022713B3 (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-02-13 | Diehl Aircabin Gmbh | Panel and method of making a panel |
| ES2734297T3 (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2019-12-05 | Eng Arresting Sys Corp | Suspended layered energy absorbing material for vehicle arrest systems |
| US10315698B2 (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2019-06-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Sixteen-cornered strengthening member for vehicles |
| US10393315B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2019-08-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cellular structures with twelve-cornered cells |
| US10704638B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2020-07-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cellular structures with twelve-cornered cells |
| US10711407B2 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2020-07-14 | The Port Authority Of New York And New Jersey | Engineered material arrestor system |
| US10473177B2 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2019-11-12 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cellular structures with sixteen-cornered cells |
| US10220881B2 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2019-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cellular structures with fourteen-cornered cells |
| US10279842B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2019-05-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Twenty-eight-cornered strengthening member for vehicles |
| US10300947B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2019-05-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Twenty-eight-cornered strengthening member for vehicles |
| US10429006B2 (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2019-10-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cellular structures with twelve-cornered cells |
| EP3786360A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-03 | Runway Safe IPR AB | Energy absorbing system and method for producing same |
| WO2021037743A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | Runway Safe IPR AB | Arrestor system |
| US11292522B2 (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2022-04-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Splayed front horns for vehicle frames |
| USD1016497S1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2024-03-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Expanded sheet |
| USD1004290S1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2023-11-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sheet with slits |
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| USD971019S1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-11-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Extended sheet |
| GB2602126A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-22 | Foresight Innovations Ltd | A structural panel and method and apparatus for manufacture |
| US11865956B2 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2024-01-09 | Tate Technology, Llc | Energy attenuating seat assembly |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20150247298A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
| JP2017510736A (en) | 2017-04-13 |
| AU2015224575A1 (en) | 2016-09-08 |
| MX2016011389A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| WO2015134463A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 |
| KR20160128372A (en) | 2016-11-07 |
| EP3114032A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CA2940221A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 |
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