CN106066975A - A kind of RFID label tag ownership transfer method based on tag ID and bit arithmetic - Google Patents
A kind of RFID label tag ownership transfer method based on tag ID and bit arithmetic Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/06—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
- H04L9/065—Encryption by serially and continuously modifying data stream elements, e.g. stream cipher systems, RC4, SEAL or A5/3
- H04L9/0656—Pseudorandom key sequence combined element-for-element with data sequence, e.g. one-time-pad [OTP] or Vernam's cipher
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0838—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
- H04L2209/80—Wireless
- H04L2209/805—Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor
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Abstract
Radio RF recognition technology (radio frequency identification, RFID) is the transmission of a kind of contactless information utilizing radiofrequency signal to realize, and passes through the purpose that transmitted information reaches to identify.Have the advantages such as volume little, portable, low cost, life-span length because of it, RFID technique is widely used in the every field such as production, logistics, national defence, traffic.Rfid system generally comprises label, read write line, background data base three part.RFID label tag is in its life cycle, and its owner can change often, and during ownership transfer, the safety of RFID label tag and privacy concern are especially aobvious prominent.The present invention proposes a kind of RFID label tag ownership transfer method based on tag ID and bit arithmetic, is solved the problem that there is safety defect in rfid system during RFID label tag ownership transfer by the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of RFID, particularly to RFID label tag ownership transfer side in a kind of rfid system
Method.
Background technology
Radio RF recognition technology (radio frequency identification, RFID) is that one utilizes radio frequency to believe
Number realize contactless information transmission, and pass through transmitted information reach identify purpose.Because of it, to have volume little, easy
Carry, the advantage such as low cost, life-span length, RFID technique is widely used in the every field such as production, logistics, national defence, traffic.
Rfid system generally comprises label, read write line, background data base three part.RFID label tag in its life cycle,
Its owner can change often, and during ownership transfer, the safety of RFID label tag and privacy concern are especially aobvious prominent
Go out.RFID label tag is pasted onto on certain part commodity by initial production person, and now the ownership issue of label is in Producer；Work as Producer
The when of by this part commodity selling to whole seller, the proprietary rights of label occurs to change for the first time, and now ownership issue is in wholesale
Business；When these commodity are sold retailer by whole seller again when, the proprietary rights of label changes again, and now proprietary rights is returned
Belong to retailer；Ultimate consumer buys this commodity from retailer's hands, and the proprietary rights of label changes again, now institute
Having the right to belong to consumer, in this process, the proprietary rights of label there occurs and repeatedly shifts.Said process relates to label
Ownership transfer problem, i.e. label a upper owner need to inform under label complete for the information security of label
One user, so that the new owner of label can obtain the information content of label and the follow-up right to use of information；With
Time this label former message for new owner, shield completely, after ownership transfer success, label former all
Person just loses the control authority to label.
The ownership transfer agreement that Saito et al. proposes needs to introduce trusted third party, adds whole protocol authentication mistake
The complexity of journey, little (Saito J, Imamoto K, the Sakurai K.Reassignment scheme of an of practicality
RFID tags key for owner transfer[G]//LNCS 3823:Proc of Embedded and
Ubiquitous Computing-EUC 2005Workshops.Berlin:Springer,2005:1303–1312.)；Osaka
Et al. the ownership transfer agreement that proposes can not resist Denial of Service attack, assailant is by using identical random number to ask simultaneously
Asking read write line, read write line will return identical response message, thus RFID label tag just can be tracked attacking by assailant
(Osaka K,Takagi T,Yamazaki K,et al.An efficient and secure RFID security
method with ownership transfer[G]//LNCS 4456:Proc of Computational
Intelligence and Security-CIS 2006.Berlin:Springer,2006:778–787.)；Fouladgar etc.
The ownership transfer agreement that people proposes can not resist impersonation attack, simultaneously as private key Kp and Ku used in label is not every
Secondary all can update, so that label is easily tracked (Fouladgar S, Afifi H.An efficient delegation
and transfer of ownership protocol for RFID tags[C]//Proc of the 1st Int
EURASIP Work shop an RFID Technology.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE,2007:10-14.)；Gold Yongming etc.
The ownership transfer agreement that people proposes can not resist Denial of Service attack, message of simultaneously resetting, and tab end can be made to repeat to update,
Make agreement also cannot resist the defects such as tab end Replay Attack existence (gold Yongming, Wu's chess is crystal-clear. RFID based on PRF is light
Magnitude authentication protocol research [J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2014,51 (7): 1506-1514.)；Hair is refined handsome et al. to be proposed
Ownership transfer agreement can not be resisted Brute Force and be attacked, and random number r1, r2 are plaintext transmission, and assailant is easy to obtain to be somebody's turn to do
Information, then carry out a series of enforceable crack just can exhaustive go out key (hair is refined handsome, Sun Dazhi. a kind of new RFID mark
Sign ownership transfer agreement [J]. computer engineering, 2015,41 (3): 147-150,166.).Based on narration above, therefore,
The RFID label tag ownership transfer agreement of one safety of design has great practical value meaning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of RFID label tag ownership transfer method based on tag ID and bit arithmetic, passes through the method
Solve the problem that there is safety defect in rfid system during RFID label tag ownership transfer.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is divided into following nine steps:
(1) the former owner of label sends certification request command to label；
(2) current mark bit Status=0, show label ownership issue in the former owner of label, label is to label
The former owner send ID_L as response；
(3) the former owner of label verifies the true and false of label, then produces random number r1, calculates the value of A and B the most again,
And the value of A and B is passed to label；
(4) the former possessory true and false of label Verification label, then produces random number r2, calculates the value of D, E, F the most again,
Finally the value of D, E, F is passed to the former owner of label；
(5) the former owner of label verifies the true and false of label again, and then r2, IDi_L pass to the new owner of label；
(6) new owner of label verifies the true and false of label, then produces random number r3, calculates the value of H, G, P the most again,
Finally the value of H, G, P is passed to label；
(7) true and false of the new owner of label Verification label, calculates the value of Q the most again, finally the value of Q is passed to label
New owner；
(8) new owner of label verifies the true and false of label again, calculates the value of M the most again, finally the value of M is passed to mark
Sign；
(9) true and false of new owner of label verified again by label, is true, then puts flag bit Status=1, show label
Ownership issue is in the new owner of label, the success of label ownership transfer.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and beneficial effect:
There is certain safety defect problem in existing RFID label tag ownership transfer agreement or tag computation amount is excessive etc.
Problem, the RFID label tag ownership transfer agreement of the present invention has the advantage that
(1) method of the Hash computing encrypted transmission discarded tradition, uses bit arithmetic method and modular arithmetic method to biography
Transmission information is encrypted, thus reduces the operand of tab end, makes the agreement in the present invention can reach the rank of lightweight；
(2) abandon tab end more new key or the way of false ID, utilize produce in each verification process of label different
Random number keeps the freshness of information, thus reduces memory space and the amount of calculation of label；
(3) information of the unique identifier ID of label shared between label and label former (newly) owner is made full use of,
The introducing of minimizing information and depositing, is encrypted transmission by the identifier ID of label, as the authority of two-way authentication, thus reduces
The carrying cost of tab end；
(4) transmit again after the information simple cryptographic calculation to transmission, it is to avoid assailant directly obtains situation in plain text,
Solve the safety defect problem that Brute Force is attacked, improve the safety of agreement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ownership transfer agreement flow chart
Fig. 2 is ownership transfer agreement schematic diagram
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In this.
First the implication of each symbol in this agreement is given:
The former owner of S_old: label；
The new owner of S_new: label；
T: label；
Ti: i-th label；
The left-half (a length of L position) of IDi_L: the identifier ID of i-th label；
The right half part (a length of L position) of IDi_R: the identifier ID of i-th label；
The left-half (a length of L position) of ID_L: label identifier ID；
The right half part (a length of L position) of ID_R: label identifier ID；
The key (a length of L position) shared between Ki_old: i-th label and the former owner S_old of label；
The key (a length of L position) shared between the new owner S_new of Ki_new: i-th label and label；
The key (a length of L position) shared between K_old: label and the former owner S_old of label；
The key (a length of L position) shared between the new owner S_new of K_new: label and label；
Status: label current ownership ownership flag bit, a length of 1Bit.Status=0, represents that label belongs to S_
old；Status=1, represents that label belongs to S_new；
The random number (a length of L position) that the former owner of r1: label generates；
The random number (a length of L position) that r2: label generates；
The random number (a length of L position) that the new owner of r3: label generates；
N: Mersenne number, value is here: n=2L-1；
A, B, D, E, F, H, G, P, Q, M: the communication data (length is L position) in agreement；
[X]L: take the front L position of operation result；
: XOR；
&: with computing.
As other authentication protocols, also make hypothesis below: label former owner S_old and label new owner S_
Transmission channel between new is safe, and the transmission channel between label former owner S_old and label is unsafe, mark
The transmission channel signed between new owner S_new and label is unsafe；Share between label former owner S_old and label
Key Ki_old be safe, between label new owner S_new and label share key Ki_new be safe, label
The IDi_R shared between former owner S_old and label is safe, shares between label new owner S_new and label
IDi_R is safe.RFID label tag ownership transfer agreement detailed process is as shown in Figure 2:
To in Fig. 1 occur A, the explanation of B, D, E, F, H, G, P, Q, M:
A=r1 Ki_old；
B=r1 IDi_R；
D=[(r1&r2&K_old&ID_R)2mod n]L, represent the front L position taking [] operation result；
E=r2 K_old；
F=r2 ID_R；
H=r3 Ki_new；
G=r3 IDi_R；
P=[(r3&Ki_new&IDi_R)2mod n]L, represent the front L position taking [] operation result；
Q=[(r2&r3&K_new)2mod n]L, represent the front L position taking [] operation result；
M=[(r2 r3&IDi_R)2mod n]L, represent the front L position taking [] operation result.
Whole ownership transfer agreement implementation step is described as follows:
1. the former owner S_old of label sends transfer label proprietary rights request command Request to label T, opens institute
Have the right to shift session；
2. current label T returns S_old to own, i.e. Status=0.Label T receive S_old send come information it
After, it is sent to S_old using the ID_L self deposited as response message；
The most former owner S_old, after receiving label T and sending the information come, first searches whether to deposit in data base
Equal at IDi_L with ID_L, if not existing, care label is to forge, and agreement terminates at once；If existing, then S_old generates
The random number r1 of one a length of L position, then utilizes IDi_R and Ki_old corresponding for r1 with IDi_L to calculate A=r1
The value of Ki_old and B=r1 IDi_R, is finally sent to label T by the value of A and B；
4. label T is after receiving S_old and sending A and the B information come, K_old that first label is deposited with self,
ID_R calculates A K_old and B ID_R, and judges that A K_old is the most equal with B ID_R.If unequal, S_ is described
Old is to forge, and agreement terminates at once；If equal, then label generates the random number r2 of an a length of L position, then utilizes
Calculated random number r1, the random number r2 self generated, K_old and ID_R that self deposit to calculate the value of D, E, F,
Finally the value of D, E, F is issued S_old in the lump；
The most former owner S_old is after receiving the information of D, E, F that label transmission comes, and first S_old deposits with self
Ki_old, the IDi_R put is to calculate E Ki_old and F IDi_R, and judges that E Ki_old and F IDi_R is the most equal.
If unequal, care label T is to forge, and agreement terminates at once；If equal, S_old is with being calculated random number r2, self life
The random number r1 become, Ki_old, IDi_R of self depositing are to verify the correctness of D, it may be assumed that
D`=[(r1& (E Ki_old) &Ki_old&IDi_R)2mod n]L
If D` with D is unequal, care label T is to forge, and agreement terminates at once；If D` with D is equal, former owner S_
R2, ID_L are sent to new owner S_new by safe lane by old；
6. new owner S_new is after receiving former owner S_old and sending the information come, and first S_new is in data
Searching whether to there is IDi_L with ID_L in storehouse equal, if not existing, illustrating that S_old is to forge, agreement terminates at once；If phase
Deng, then S_new generate an a length of L position random number r3, then with self generate random number r3, self deposit with
The value of IDi_R and Ki_new that IDi_L is corresponding calculates H, G, P, finally the value of H, G, P is sent to label T in the lump；
7. label T is after receiving S_new and sending H, G, P information come, ID_R, K_ that first label is deposited with self
New calculates the value of H K_new, G ID_R, and judges that H K_new and G ID_R is the most equal.If unequal, S_ is described
New is to forge, and agreement terminates at once；If equal, label recycle calculated random number r3, the ID_R self deposited,
K_new verifies the correctness of P, it may be assumed that
P`=[((H K_new) &K_new&ID_R)2mod n]L
If P` with P is unequal, illustrating that S_new is to forge, agreement terminates at once；If P` with P is equal, then label is used tricks
The value of Q, to calculate the value of Q, is finally sent out by the random number r3 that obtains, the random number r2 self generated, the K_new that self deposits
Give S_new；
8. new owner S_new receive label T send come Q information after, first S_new generate with self with
Machine number r3, Ki_new, the r2 self deposited are to verify the correctness of Q, it may be assumed that
Q`=[(r2&r3&Ki_new)2mod n]L
If Q` with Q is unequal, care label T is to forge, and agreement terminates at once；If Q` with Q` is equal, then S_new exists
The value of M, to calculate the value of M, is finally sent to label T by IDi_R, the r2 utilize the random number r3 self generated, self depositing；
9. label T receive S_new send come M information after, first label utilize self generate random number r2,
Calculated random number r3, the ID_R self deposited are to verify the correctness of M, it may be assumed that
M`=[(r2 (H K_new) &ID_R)2mod n]L
If M` with M is unequal, illustrating that S_new is to forge, agreement terminates at once；If M` with M is equal, then put Status=
1, label proprietary rights returns S_new to own, and ownership transfer completes.If simultaneously through Status flag bit after a while still without sending out
Changing, agreement at once from the 1. step re-execute.
The ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention have more than been shown and described.The technology of the industry
Personnel, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, simply illustrating this described in above-described embodiment and description
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these become
Change and improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope by appending claims and
Equivalent defines.
Claims (1)
1. a RFID label tag ownership transfer method based on tag ID and bit arithmetic, the method comprises the steps:
(1) the former owner of label sends certification request command to label；
(2) current mark bit Status=0, show label ownership issue in the former owner of label, former to label of label
The owner sends ID_L as response；
(3) the former owner of label verifies the true and false of label, then produces random number r1, calculates the value of A and B the most again, and by A
Label is passed to the value of B；A=r1 Ki_old；B=r1 IDi_R；
The key shared between Ki_old: i-th label and the former owner S_old of label；
IDi_R: the right half part of the identifier ID of i-th label；
(4) the former possessory true and false of label Verification label, then produces random number r2, calculates the value of D, E, F the most again, finally
The value of D, E, F is passed to the former owner of label；
D=[(r1&r2&K_old&ID_R)2mod n]L；
E=r2 K_old；
F=r2 ID_R；
The right half part of ID_R: label identifier ID；
The key shared between K_old: label and the former owner S_old of label；
[X]L: take the front L position of operation result；
(5) the former owner of label verifies the true and false of label again, and then r2, IDi_L pass to the new owner of label；IDi_
L: the left-half of the identifier ID of i-th label；
(6) new owner of label verifies the true and false of label, then produces random number r3, calculates the value of H, G, P the most again, finally
The value of H, G, P is passed to label；
H=r3 Ki_new；
G=r3 IDi_R；
P=[(r3&Ki_new&IDi_R)2mod n]L；
The key shared between the new owner S_new of Ki_new: i-th label and label；
N: Mersenne number, value is here: n=2L-1；
(7) true and false of the new owner of label Verification label, calculates the value of Q the most again, the value of Q is finally passed to the new institute of label
The person of having；
Q=[(r2&r3&K_new)2mod n]L；
The key shared between the new owner S_new of K_new: label and label；
(8) new owner of label verifies the true and false of label again, calculates the value of M the most again, finally the value of M is passed to label；
M=[(r2 r3&IDi_R)2mod n]L；
(9) true and false of new owner of label verified again by label, is true, then puts flag bit Status=1, shows that label owns
Power belongs to the new owner of label, the success of label ownership transfer.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106712927A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 广东工业大学 | Super lightweight group RFID label ownership transfer method based on word synthesis operation |
| CN107067058A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-18 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of radio frequency identification system label ownership transfer method |
| CN107086905A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-08-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of RFID tag group ownership transfer method based on quadratic residue theorem |
| CN107094073A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-08-25 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of group's RFID tag ownership transfer method based on Chinese remainder theorem |
| CN108599958A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Extra lightweight wireless radio frequency identification mark ownership transfer method based on cloud |
| CN109302290A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-01 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | It is a kind of to be mutually authenticated protocol method with ownership transfer |
| CN111131157A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-05-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | Multi-party authentication method for radio frequency identification system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106712927A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 广东工业大学 | Super lightweight group RFID label ownership transfer method based on word synthesis operation |
| CN106712927B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2020-07-28 | 广东工业大学 | Ultra-lightweight group RFID label ownership transfer method based on word synthesis operation |
| CN107086905A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-08-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of RFID tag group ownership transfer method based on quadratic residue theorem |
| CN107094073A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-08-25 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of group's RFID tag ownership transfer method based on Chinese remainder theorem |
| CN107067058A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-18 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of radio frequency identification system label ownership transfer method |
| CN108599958A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Extra lightweight wireless radio frequency identification mark ownership transfer method based on cloud |
| CN109302290A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-01 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | It is a kind of to be mutually authenticated protocol method with ownership transfer |
| CN111131157A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-05-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | Multi-party authentication method for radio frequency identification system |
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