CN106062217A - Method for melting minerals containing iron, titanium and vanadium - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for melting minerals containing iron, titanium and vanadium in a known initial quantity, in an electric melting furnace (11) provided with a containing body (12) developing around a central axis (X) and tillable by means of rotation on a tilting plane containing the central axis (X), provides to feed minerals and auxiliary materials into the containing body (12), to supply electric energy until a steady-state power (Pmax) and a steady-state temperature of at least 1450 DEG C are reached, to keep the steady-state temperature to obtain, as products of the melting of said minerals, liquid cast iron (G) containing vanadium and liquid slag (S) containing titanium oxide, wherein the liquid cast iron (G) contains at least 75% of the known initial quantity of vanadium, and the liquid slag (S) contains at least 90% of the known initial quantity of titanium oxide, and wherein the titanium oxide is contained at least for 40% in weight in the liquid slag (S), and to discharge separately the liquid slag (S), using a first tilting of the containing body (12) in a first direction, and the liquid cast iron (G), using a second tilting of the containing body (12) in a second direction.

Description

The method of the mineral of melting iron content, titanium and vanadium

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of for melting iron content and titanium and the method for also mineral containing vanadium oxide.For containing ferrum oxide and For most of mineral of titanium oxide, such as such as but not limited to titanomagnetite or haplotypite.

Especially, the present invention can be used for optimizing ferrum and the production field of steel, and its raw mineral materials contains containing high vanadium from described The liquid cast of amount and the ferrum of slag, titanium and the vanadium oxide with titania content start.

Background of invention

Such as, understand for recovery Pd and the industrial process of vanadium from the iron material of titaniferous and vanadium from US 3.929.461.

Actually it is known that titanium and ferrum can exist together with vanadium in the form of the oxide in different mineral arteries and veins. Main it is made up of ferrum oxide and titanium oxide and mineral possibly together with vanadium oxide comprise the steps that if ferrum is with magnetic iron ore (FE₃O₄) form Existing, such as titanomagnetite, and if ferrum is with bloodstone (FE₂O₃Presented in), such as haplotypite.

Use iron content, titanium and vanadium these mineral as raw material, to obtain the cast iron containing vanadium and the slag containing titanium oxide Demand it is also well known that.

It is also well known that liquid cast can be used for extracting vanadium, and the molten slag obtained from mineral described in melting can For extracting titanium oxide.

For the purpose of it, the technology for mineral described in melting is also it is well known that this technology uses blast furnace or buries Arc electric furnace (SAF) or open molten bath stove, make the mineral of iron content and titanium melt opening under the reducing conditions by adding coke Formula bathing pool stove.

These known technologies can make mineral after extracting or carry out pre-going back generally by means of firing in rotary furnace It is fed in smelting furnace after former.

Use these technology, it is possible to obtain liquid cast containing the part that there may be present in vanadium in host mineral, Major liquid slag with the part containing the titanium oxide being present in host mineral.Subsequent handling can provide from cast iron Obtain vanadium, titanium oxide can be obtained from slag simultaneously.

Such as, when host mineral is ilmenite (haplotypite), uses known technology to obtain and there is high oxidation titanium Content i.e., the slag more than 80%.

Known technology for melting haplotypite has the disadvantages that they are can not farthest recovering liquid Operate under the process condition of the vanadium in cast iron.It practice, under the titanium oxide of high concentration, when at the gentleest reducing condition During lower operation, it is necessary to limit the electric conductivity of slag, in order to obtain the iron oxide concentration more than 5 weight % in slag.Therefore thing In reality, by using these known technologies, the response rate of vanadium i.e., vanadium contained in slag and the vanadium being initially present in mineral Between ratio less than 75%.

The smelting furnace being generally used for this type melting can be the electric furnace of above two type, i.e. burried arc furnace and opening Formula bathing pool stove, is usually provided with the fixed type of the wall covered completely, i.e. not tiltable by refractory material.

Also it is known that the melting technique of titanomagnetite, it provides has burried arc furnace or open bathing pool stove to use Fixed (i.e. not tiltable) blast furnace or electric furnace produce liquid cast and slag, wherein, liquid cast be subsequently processed with from Middle recovery vanadium, slag, without processing, is used for reclaiming titanium oxide in downstream.It practice, the purpose of these known technologies is not to make to melt In slag, the content of titanium oxide maximizes, and it is typically smaller than 40 weight %, but in order to reduce vanadium oxide.

Therefore, according to known technology described above, fusion process provides to use material (the such as limestone of dilution slag And dolomite) reduce the concentration of titanium oxide, and therefore also reduce viscosity.

Obtain enough molten slags by this way less than 1, to operate at a temperature of 500 DEG C, and owing to being used for The titanomagnetite of these processes is generally of the vanadium oxide content more than 1 weight %, therefore can obtain the vanadium recovery higher than 75%.

This known melting that the fusion process carried out in not tiltable electric furnace is provided according to open bathing pool stove process One shortcoming of technology is: have the least motility in terms of the amount of the slag that they are contained in adjusting smelting furnace.Make slag (such as liquid cast) is left by the through hole prepared on the height that limits in advance on the wall of furnace shell, and this makes it impossible to Big limit ground emptying slag, and do not emit the situation making it exit together with cast iron, because this scum hole is inevitable by cast iron and molten Prepare under the certain altitude of the separating interface between slag.

On the other hand, from the fusion process of the mineral containing ferrum, titanium and vanadium, there is high oxidation titanium contain to obtain simultaneously The slag of amount and the liquid cast with high content of vanadium, need to make slag as much as possible be discharged at the end of melting.This Necessity is main is due to the fact that slag itself constitutes the product can being processed in downstream, and has in addition and prevent To obtain in the smelting furnace under the reducing condition (high temperature and high coke content in liquid furnace) needed for there is the cast iron of high content of vanadium Excessive persistent purpose of the titanium oxide that side produces, to prevent the too much formation of titanium carbide, this titanium carbide may result in slag Excess stickiness raises.

It is also well known that the oxide (besides iron oxide) of high percentage contained in mineral can produce in a large number Slag, it is possible to be in indicatively often produce one ton of liquid cast and have the magnitude of the slag of about 0.5 ton.Therefore this make must Slag and the level of discharge thereof must be controlled.

The further drawback of prior art using side path to slag tap in fixed smelting furnace be it be not allow for effect ground and The thickness of the slag in easily controllable smelting furnace.This has with following demand and conflicts: in smelting furnace, needs the molten of controlled thickness Slag, in order to both obtained the suitable speed of the vanadium oxide being present in slag by reductive coke contained in liquid cast, It is beneficial to again melting in the liquid cast of the coke fed together with mineral.

Therefore, this is the shortcoming of above-described known technology: they have decreased efficiency and rarely operating flexibility, Time especially relevant with the static configuration of smelting furnace.

Maximize in the selective recovery being intended to make vanadium, and simultaneously by using original material (such as it be originally or go back in advance Former mineral) make in the case of the concentration of titanium oxide in slag maximizes, this shortcoming is particularly acute, and carrys out this original material Say, the slag amount particular importance in regulation smelting furnace.

In order to be made the selective recovery of vanadium oxide maximize by reduction reaction, particularly with containing low vanadium oxide percentage For mineral than (such as less than 1 weight %), it is necessary to running higher than at a temperature of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 50 DEG C, and use carburized metal bath. That is, in there is the cast iron higher than the concentration of carbon of 3 weight %.

In order to make the productivity ratio of smelting furnace maximize, it is necessary to make the slag amount in smelting furnace minimize with the following methods: feedback The mineral (such as it is raw ore or prereduction) sent easily contact with the liquid cast containing the coke needed for reduction process.

The content making the slag in smelting furnace minimizes and also meets this type of needs: make titanium oxide stop in smelting furnace body The average time stayed minimizes, and due to the titanium oxide of high concentration and the strongest reducing condition, makes the carbonization being easily formed The formation of titanium minimizes.In this way, its viscosity being intended to limit slag, in order to improve function and the reduction-oxidation vanadium of smelting furnace Efficiency, the reduction rate of vanadium oxide depends not only upon the temperature carrying out fusion process, but also depends on the viscosity of slag.

In the blast furnace of titanomagnetite, a shortcoming of melting is the obstruction caused due to the formation because of titanium carbide.

In burried arc furnace, melting can have the disadvantages that it does not allows to maximize in withdrawal liquid cast iron Vanadium, because the dynamic (dynamical) processing temperature of electronation of slowing down is low, and does not allow enough mobility of slag, its be provided with The high viscosity that the titanium oxide of high-load is relevant.

In the not tilting electric furnace have open bathing pool, melting causes the problem lacking motility in regulation, And especially there is the shortcoming not allowing to make the slag head in smelting furnace to minimize.And in the reduction process of titanomagnetite, regulation Slag head in stove is necessary, so that the reduction of vanadium oxide maximizes, and makes the slag time of staying in smelting furnace the most simultaneously Littleization.

It is an object of the invention to improve following methods: by mineral (the such as titanium Magnet of melting iron content, titanium and vanadium Ore deposit), it is allowed to obtain simultaneously and both there is the liquid cast of the content of vanadium of the 75% of initial contained vanadium higher than in mineral, have again Slag higher than the titanium oxide of 40 weight %.

A kind of method that it is another object of the present invention to realize mineral for melting iron content, titanium and vanadium, which ensure that molten The refining operating flexibility of process steps, high production rate, efficiency and control.

A further object of the present invention is the method improving the mineral for melting iron content, titanium and vanadium, and it allows containing also Optimize obtain in the maximum reducing degree of vanadium oxide and slag simultaneously energy expenditure needed for the titanium oxide of Cmax, the time and Cost, in order to carry out extracting vanadium as efficiently as possible from cast iron, and extract the subsequent process of titanium oxide from slag.

The applicant designs, tests and be embodied as the present invention, to overcome the defect of prior art, and obtains these And other purpose and advantage.

Summary of the invention

In the independent claim the present invention is done introduction and has elaborated its feature, dependent claims has then described The further feature of the present invention or the variant of its main inventive concept.

According to above-mentioned purpose, a kind of method of mineral for melting iron content, titanium and vanadium is carried out in smelting furnace, this melting Stove is provided with on the tilt axis horizontal relative to central axis and tiltably to extend around this central axis by rotating Accommodate main body.

The method first make by described mineral (the auxiliary material of such as reducing agent and/or deslagging agent may be added with) with The transfer rate feeding of increase accommodates in main body to reach steady statue conveying, and supplies electric energy to reach with the speed increased To steady state power.

Steady statue transfer rate depends on productivity ratio to be achieved, when depending on terminating process total of foundry goods needs Between (that is, finally slagging tap and time between finally the slagging tap of foundry goods subsequently of one foundry goods), and possible transition step, its The feed rate of Minerals is smaller than steady statue transfer rate.

According to the present invention, steady state power must so to be held equal to or higher than the steady state temperature of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 50 DEG C, This temperature is the response rate of vanadium to be maximized and limit required for the viscosity of slag, and this is the oxidation containing high concentration due to it Titanium.

According to inverse ratio, steady state power depends on the ratio conveying being fed to the mineral of smelting furnace；This is calculated as than conveying Ratio between feeding conveying and the electrical power simultaneously supplied.

According to certain aspects of the invention, mineral ratio conveying about 10kg/ (min*MW) and about 35kg/ (min*MW) it Between, between particularly 15kg/ (min*MW) and about 30kg/ (min*MW).

Depend on the characteristic of fed mineral than conveying, depend especially on the weight being intended to as between metallic iron and total ferrum The metallization degree of amount ratio, depends on the percentage by weight of carbon content, depends on feeding temperature, and depends in addition to ferrum oxide The total weight percent of oxide content.

The increase of metallization degree, carbon content increase, temperature increases that (each equal to other factors) correspond to be supplied The reduction of electrical power, the increase of simultaneous oxidation thing content determines accordingly to the greater demand supplying power.

Auxiliary material is fed in stove together with prereduction mineral, such as reducing material and slag forming material.

Coke preferably acts as quality and is suitable to the reducing material of metallurgical process, such as smelter coke.

Slag forming material is for correcting the composition of slag, it is intended to improves its physical property, particularly reduces viscosity.

Such as, limestone, dolomite and the material containing aluminium oxide (A12O3) and/or calcium fluoride (CaF2) can be with making Residue material.

The specific consumption of these auxiliary materials, it is measured as at a foundry goods for every for feed during foundry goods The quality of the auxiliary material of feeding during the mineral quantity of individual unit, depends on the chemical composition of the mineral used, particularly Depend on the weight ratio between titanium oxide and the total oxide in addition to ferrum oxide.

According to the present invention, for obtaining the required reduction degree of vanadium and there is the molten of titania weight content higher than 40% Slag, the specific consumption of reducing material is between about 15kg/kg and about 40kg/kg, particularly at about 20kg/kg and about 35kg/kg Between, the specific consumption of slag forming material is less than 40kg/kg, especially less than 35kg/kg simultaneously.

May also provide, during whole process, in order to the stirring degree of liquid pool is more effective, and thus improve slag and cast iron it Between contact to promote reduction process, it is possible for using one or more porous plate, and described porous plate is arranged on the end of housing Portion and to its feeding noble gas (such as nitrogen, argon).

In the first melting step, steady state temperature is kept to reach required smelting time section with melting iron content, titanium and vanadium Mineral, and the product as this melting, liquid cast contains vanadium and contains titanium oxide with molten slag.

During steady state operation condition, the correct balance of the conveying of electrical power and mineral and auxiliary material, it is allowed to Obtain in cast iron at least equal to the total vanadium contained in mineral 75% the recovery of vanadium and slag in contain at least equal in mineral The recovery of the titanium of the 90% of the total titanium having.

Particularly, the present invention allows to obtain the slag with the minimum titanium oxide content more than or equal to 40%, with existence The oxide in addition to ferrum oxide contained in the percentage by weight of titanium oxide in the mineral of feeding and the mineral of feeding Ratio between percentage by weight is directly proportional.

During smelting time section, the chemical composition of the temperature in periodic monitoring molten bath and liquid cast and molten slag is with control It is preferred that system carries out reduction process effectively.

Required smelting time section is continued until always and reaches to determine the maximum amount of molten slag.

The maximum amount of molten slag can be defined to the slag of the maximum volume that can be physically contained in stove, so, if surpassed Cross this value, then this can cause molten slag to pass through laterally removing the gred perforate spontaneously to be overflowed from the receiving main body of smelting furnace and the most not Desired strategic point is overflowed and is accommodated main body.

In variant solution, the maximum amount of molten slag can be limited by the maximum gauge of slag, so, if super Crossing maximum, then owing to lacking and the contacting of liquid cast, this can cause being difficult to reducing further the material of feeding.Slag Maximum gauge depends on required productivity ratio and depends on the reduction degree of required vanadium oxide.

According to the present invention, due to the size of smelting furnace, the maximum gauge of slag is less than 650mm.

Therefore, described method provides with detection liquid cast and the chemical composition of molten slag that therefore obtains to verify liquid State cast iron contains at least the 75% of vanadium the most contained in mineral, and molten slag contains the oxidation initially contained in mineral At least the 90% of titanium, and the titanium oxide of at least 40 weight %.

If the result is affirmative, then the method according to the invention provides with respectively by updip in a first direction Tiltedly accommodate main body and discharge molten slag, and discharged by inclined receipt main body in a second direction that is opposite the first direction Liquid cast.

If the result of chemical composition is negative, then described method may also provide in the first smelting time section After, process time is included in the case of adding without mineral and keeps temperature to complete the possible time period of reduction process, Yi Jiran After, after demonstrating the chemical composition of liquid cast and molten slag further, with respectively by tilting to hold in a first direction Main body of receiving discharges molten slag, and discharges liquid casting by inclined receipt main body in a second direction that is opposite the first direction Ferrum.

In the variant solution of the present invention, after required smelting time section, if needing to reduce the volume of slag To obtain required process condition, then will interrupt mineral and assist feed material to accommodating in main body and can detect and test Card slag and the chemical composition of cast iron.At this detection and checking after, and supply electrical power in the case of keep temperature can After energy subsequent period of time and only possible feeding auxiliary material, for obtaining required reduction degree (if this is during smelting time section Not yet reach), can partly discharge molten slag by inclined receipt main body in a first direction.

Described partly may discharge slag at the end of, then method of smelting provides the second melting step, and it is with upper The mode stating the first melting step same is carried out, and can contain in the case of not determining described spontaneous spilling until obtaining in stove The maximum of some liquid cast.The most described method provides with checking liquid cast and the chemistry of molten slag that therefore obtains Composition, and in the case of not adding mineral after the possible time period of holding temperature, for completing to change reduction process, with respectively Molten slag is discharged by inclined receipt main body in a first direction, and by a second direction that is opposite the first direction Inclined receipt main body discharges liquid cast.

Particularly, when at least the 75% of contained vanadium initial during liquid cast contains mineral, liquid cast is slagged tap, with And when at least the 90% of contained titanium oxide initial during molten slag contains mineral, molten slag is discharged.

Owing to during process, part has discharged molten slag, quite flexible ground controls to accommodate the amount contained in main body and choosing Control to selecting property the kinetics occurred between mineral, molten slag and liquid cast, and obtain the institute of smelted product It is possible for needing characteristic.

So, the melting liquid product optionally and discharging the mineral containing ferrum, titanium and vanadium respectively (that is, has high vanadium The molten slag of content and the liquid cast of titania content) it is possible.

This working method also allows for controlling to be present in during melting the amount of the composition accommodated in main body.

Variant aspect according to the present invention, reach accommodate main body geometry allow liquid cast maximum it Before and during the second retention time section, method of smelting provide molten slag at least another second part discharge, with maintain after The level of person is less than 650mm, this geometry and mineral type of the ferrum of process, titanium and vanadium of depending on accommodating main body.

Accompanying drawing explanation

From the some form of description of the embodiment be given as limiting examples below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention's These and other characteristics will become apparent from, wherein:

-Fig. 1 is the plane graph of the smelting apparatus according to the present invention；

-Fig. 2 is the side cross-sectional view of the device in the Fig. 1 in the different step of corresponding method of smelting；

-Fig. 3 is the 3-D view that the lower section of parts of the device from Fig. 1 is seen；

-Fig. 4 is the side cross-sectional view of the assembly of the device in Fig. 1；

-Fig. 5 is the example chart of the step of the method according to the invention.

In the following description, same reference numbers represents the mineral containing ferrum, titanium and vanadium for melting according to the present invention The same parts of device, embodiment the most in different forms.It will be appreciated that the element of the embodiment of a kind of form and characteristic can be square Just it is attached in the embodiment of other form without explaination further.

Detailed description of the invention

We reference will now be made in detail to the various forms of embodiments of the present invention now, wherein shown in the drawings of one or more Example.By explanation, the present invention provides each example, and each example should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Such as, by Then the part as the embodiment of a kind of form illustrates or the characteristic that describes can be used in the embodiment of other form, Or can be associated to produce another form of embodiment with the embodiment of other form.Should be understood that the present invention should include all this Class amendment and variant.

See figures.1.and.2, can be used for the mineral of melting iron content, titanium and vanadium according to assembly of the invention 10, to produce liquid Cast iron G and molten slag S.

Especially, mineral can be containing the vanadium oxide V of the amount more than 0.5 weight %₂O₅And have in titanium oxide and other oxidation Weight ratio between thing (in addition to ferrum oxide)-higher than 50%.

In the following description, by only only by limiting examples with reference to containing belong to the ferrum of group of titanomagnetite, titanium and The mineral of vanadium.

Device 10 at least includes arc-melting furnace 11, and this arc-melting furnace generally can include accommodating main body or housing 12, should The peripheral wall 13 accommodating main body or housing defines working chamber 14.

In some form of embodiment, protection covering 15 can be associated with the peripheral wall 13 of housing 12, and can wrap Including one or more cover layer, in order to heat insulation purpose or be used for removing heat, its most fire-resistant cover layer 15a, this is fire-resistant It is internal as the barrier for peripheral wall 13 heat that produce internal to working chamber 14 that cover layer is positioned at working chamber.

Can with form of ownership embodiment as described herein combination some form of embodiment can provide include one layer or The protection covering 15 of multilamellar cooling panel, this one or more layers cooling panel has tube bank 15b, to allow by by heat-carrying Fluid is removed heat and is cooled down peripheral wall 13 and also may cool down fire-resistant cover layer 15a.

Housing 12 can extend around central axis X and can such as have substantially cylindrical shape or limited by rotary body Fixed.

Housing 12 can include the first slagging-off hole 17 and the second scum hole 18, produces as the smelted product of titanomagnetite Molten slag S discharges from this first slagging-off hole, and liquid cast G being derived from described melting can be discharged from this second scum hole.

Slagging-off hole 17 and scum hole 18 relative to central axis X manufacture in the opposite sides of housing 12.

May be assumed that, scum hole 18 manufactures on the side of housing 12, and correspondingly, smelting furnace 11 includes slagging tap Spout 19, this spout of slagging tap is with acting on the device discharged towards the first container 20 below housing 12 by cast iron G from working chamber 14 Tool.

It is assumed that, scum hole 18 manufactures on the bottom of housing 12, in this case, does not provide spout of slagging tap 19。

Second container 21 may be present in below slagging-off hole 17, and can receive molten slag S from smelting furnace 11.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is for being described as follows the embodiment of form, and wherein, smelting furnace 11 is the class worked on alternating current Type and include three electrodes 16, these three electrode is symmetrically positioned at the center of working chamber 14.

But, the present invention may also apply to the smelting furnace utilizing one or more pairs of electrode to work on DC current.

Smelting furnace 11 can include supporting construction 22, and in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, visible supporting construction and housing 11 are resisted against it On.Supporting construction 22 can have annular section 22a (rectangular or square the most ringwise and in figure 3), this annular section Defining shell 22b, housing 12 is at least partially recessed into this enclosure.

Supporting construction 22 may also comprise at least one pair of arc adnexa 23 in its underpart, and this arc adnexa is used as guiding elements also And limit housing 12 transverse to, be such as orthogonal to the tilt axis B of central axis X.

When supporting construction 22 is tilted in a known way by moving link (the most not shown), arc adnexa 23 is permitted Permitted housing 12 to rotate relative to tilt axis B.Linear actuators may be included between moving link, its be configured to upwardly or Neighbouring partly or directly acting on during tractive supporting construction 22 is positioned at slagging-off hole 17 or scum hole 18 downwards Motor on arc adnexa 23 or hydraulic motor or screw rod or rack actuator.

The inclination of housing 12 can be along the vertical plane containing central axis X, both on the first direction towards slagging-off hole 17 Occur in the second direction towards scum hole 18 again.

In possible embodiment, housing 12 tilt along vertical plane by slagging-off hole 17 centrage and/or Centrage by scum hole 18.

Tilt relative to central axis X be substantially vertical situation can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.

Housing 12 inclination in the first direction is limited by the angle α that removes the gred, and this slagging-off angle is every time by inclining that central axis X presents Loxosis is put and is recorded between described axis X position in vertical condition.

Housing 12 inclination in a second direction is limited by angle beta of slagging tap, and this angle of slagging tap is every time by inclining that central axis X presents Loxosis is put and is recorded between described axis X position in vertical condition.

In the embodiment of possible form, slagging-off angle α can be between 0 ° and 15 °.

Smelting furnace can depended on the some form of embodiment of form of ownership embodiment as described herein combination 11 types and depend on that the angle beta of slagging tap of geometry of housing 12 can be between 0 ° and 40 °.

Such as, when slagging tap from the bottom of housing 12, angle beta of slagging tap is between 0 ° and 25 °, and works as by spout 19 of slagging tap When slagging tap, this angle can be between 0 ° and 40 °.

If slag has high conductivity, then by device 10 perform in smelting furnace 11 for melting titanomagnetite Method advantageously contact arc type, this such as can observe in fig. 2 so that electrode 16 is raised to above molten slag S also And thus they cause electric arc outside the liquid bathing pool being made up of molten slag S hereafter and liquid cast G.

According to the present invention, can be that smelting furnace 11 feeds the prereduction titanomagnetite with the degree of metallization higher than 90%, To comprise the specific energy consumption of fusion process.

The method according to the invention makes to obtain liquid cast G and molten slag S from melting simultaneously, and this liquid cast can For the extraction of vanadium, and such as contain the vanadium higher than 0.5 weight %, and this molten slag is for the extraction of titanium, and such as have There is the TiO higher than 40 weight %₂Concentration.

Percentage ratio indicated above is only only by the example of possible product of the melting titanomagnetite performed according to the present invention Be given.

Specifically, by described method, can obtain liquid cast G and molten slag L, this liquid cast contains ferrum, titanium With in vanadium mineral initial contained at least the 75% of vanadium, preferably at least 80%, this molten slag is containing the mineral provided In initial contained at least the 90% of titanium oxide, more preferably at least 95%.

If if XTiO2s is that lowest percentage XTiO2m of obtainable titanium oxide is present in fed ore deposit in slag If the percentage by weight of the titanium oxide in thing and Xox m are the oxides in addition to titanium oxide being contained in fed mineral Total weight percent, then the minimum weight percentage ratio of titanium oxide XTiO2 can utilize below equation to calculate: XTiO2_s=q* (XTiO2_m)/(Xox_m), wherein q is the coefficient being substantially dependent on and being fed slagging-off quantity of material.

First, melting must be except initially and finally section transit time and in addition to the possible middle transition time period Perform at the high disposal temperature (at least 1,450 DEG C) kept during whole process time section.The titanium Magnet depended on and treat melting The composition in ore deposit and the particular requirement being associated with required productivity ratio, this process time section can be between 60 minutes and 130 minutes Between, such as 94 minutes.

Need high temperature to prevent the excessive viscosity of slag, and thus make slag S keep liquid.The viscosity of slag causes it Discharge from smelting furnace 11 and become problem, and the dynamic performance of the reduction process of the vanadium oxide that also slowed down.

High viscosity is likely due to high concentration titanium oxide present in slag.High concentration titanium oxide in slag can due to for The minimum interpolation obtaining the slagging-off thing (limestone, dolomite) needed for having the molten slag S of high TiO2 content causes.

Reclaim, especially in initial titanium magnetic iron ore additionally, above-mentioned high temperature allows to obtain enough vanadium in liquid cast G V₂O₅Concentration situation less than 1 weight % relatively low, the most indicatively in.

But, the thermal stress being associated with high disposal temperature of the peripheral wall 13 of housing 12 is problematic.

This stress also can due to exist inside working chamber 14 simultaneously electric arc and also molten slag S cause, this electric arc Can be at outside liquid pool, namely on molten slag S, and molten slag S has titania content and thus has height and lead Electrically.

This problem may call for method of smelting and includes the preparation process for preparing smelting furnace 11, wherein, will protect covering 15 put on housing 12.

Fig. 4 is for describing the embodiment of exemplary forms, and wherein, protection covering 15 may be included on the bottom of housing 12 Normal refractory covering 15a ' and the heat conduction covering 15a in the lateral peripheral wall 13 of housing 12 ".

In possible solution, normal refractory covering 15a ' and possible heat conduction covering 15a " can by for The fire-resistant covering that the particular requirement relevant to the fusion process of the mineral of ferrum, titanium and vanadium is suitably studied is changed, specifically Ground is for preventing the corrosion being associated with slag middle and high concentration titanium oxide.

Heat conduction covering 15a " can be part and the top of peripheral wall 13 not interfering with housing 12, wherein can carry The cooling panel having tube bank 15b for one or more layers, himself is positioned at peripheral wall 13 internal.

In possible embodiment, tube bank 15b or other type of temperature cooling or adjusting means may correspond at liquid Interface zone between state cast iron G and molten slag S, to be positioned at housing 12 outside and can be around its peripheral wall 13.

Heat conduction covering 15a " and tube bank 15b may result in be positioned at around molten slag S a part solidification, this kind solidification protect Protect and lead hot covering 15a " from damage.

At the temperature (higher than Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 50 DEG C) carrying out melting titanomagnetite according to the described present invention, form the power of titanium carbide Learn performance higher, this is because it raises along with temperature and raises.Titanium carbide (if present in being higher than a certain concentration in slag) Guest causes slag excessive viscosity, thus in and this temperature from effect, and cause the above-mentioned phase relevant to viscosity Same shortcoming.

According to the present invention, highly concentrated in order to allow in the effectively reduction of vanadium in liquid cast G and molten slag S simultaneously Degree TiO₂The process of effectively reduction, need to use the temperature higher than Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 50 DEG C, this represents the favourable shape for forming titanium carbide Condition.In order to limit the problems referred to above, it is therefore desirable to compatibly make slag be retained in smelting furnace with the dynamic performance demand of process Internal shortest time.

To this end, according to the method for smelting of the present invention be arranged to use mentioned above and around tilt axis B tilt can Tilt smelting furnace 11.

In the method according to the invention, smelting furnace 11 is favourable compared with fixing electric furnace, because utilizing tiltable to melt The process that furnace 11 is carried out provides the recovery of the molten slag S with titania content simultaneously and passes through needs when Molten slag S interrupts effectively reduce the vanadium in liquid cast G.

Tiltable smelting furnace 11 allows the molten slag S of ejection time desired amount by means of suitable inclination angle (Fig. 2), thus avoids Its risk that may cast together with liquid cast G, and generally made by time and the tilt mode of management smelting furnace 11 The pressure head of molten slag S is easily held under control.

Based on foregoing, after covering the preparation process of housing 12, if do not have in housing 12 liquid bottom or " liquid cell " H, then the method for melting titanomagnetite provides preliminary step, in this preliminary step, in working chamber 14 Introduce limited amount, the most several tons of solid metal materials (such as iron filings).

Then the preparation melting of solid metal material, the institute being at least made up of with acquisition is performed liquid metal by means of electric arc State liquid cell H.

If smelting furnace 11 has performed the operation cycle, then liquid cell H by residue in previous melting and suitably can tie up Hold liquid cast G in working chamber 14 and molten slag S composition.

Smelting furnace 11 containing liquid cell H is ready for the step of suitable melting subsequently, and it provides initial step, During this initial step, come with the power (in melting step subsequently between the 50% to 80% of the power of supply) reduced Supply electric energy, and inside the working chamber of smelting furnace 11, start the feeding of solid-state titanomagnetite.

During initial step, can be together with titanomagnetite, or after titanomagnetite, by one or more reducing agents (such as, coke) is introduced in smelting furnace 11.

According to the present invention, it is favourable for desirably keeping reducing condition in working chamber 14；For this purpose it is proposed, can use specific Strategy prevents air from entering in working chamber 14.Such as, by adding sealing refractory material, it is possible to provide between the parts of smelting furnace Possible gap with caution and tight closure.

In possible embodiment, can be in the same time with titanomagnetite or after titanomagnetite, it would be possible to Deslagging agent is introduced in working chamber 14, such as, and limestone and/or dolomite and/or the oxide containing such as A12O3 and CaF2 Material.

Before titanomagnetite is inserted into smelting furnace 11, titanomagnetite is carried out chemical analysis with identify contained by each The content of composition (ferrum, vanadium, titanium oxide), thus determine its initial known quantity.

In transition step subsequently, increase the supply of electric energy until reaching steady state power, itself and the production required Proportional and to mineral the type of rate is proportional, as being clear that from following description；Too increase solid-state The conveying of material, i.e. titanomagnetite and/or reducing agent and/or deslagging agent, it is fed to smelting furnace 11 until reaching more than 1, The steady state temperature of 450 DEG C.

Steady state temperature keeps the shortest smelting time section of about 30 minutes, such as, between 30 minutes and 130 minutes it Between.

Supply electrical power and the Annual distribution feeding prereduction mineral to smelting furnace 11 depend on the chemical property of the latter, Which dictates that the energy needed for melting.For certain types of prereduction mineral and relative to the required productivity ratio determined, the most right Distribution has carried out preliminary study.

After described smelting time section, method of smelting can include intermediate steps, during this step, to molten slag S It is sampled with liquid cast G, then checking molten slag S and the chemical composition of liquid cast G.

Additionally, at the end of smelting time section, it is possible to interrupt titanomagnetite and possible auxiliary material (such as, reduction Agent and/or deslagging agent) feeding.

In some cases, smelting time section can limit and obtain the maximum amount of liquid allowed by the geometry of housing 12 Time needed for state cast iron.

In the embodiment of other form, can be about after melting yes near-end is maintenance phase of the maximum temperature of 5 minutes, Such as between 2 minutes and 10 minutes, during this maintenance phase, in the case of there is no mineral feeding, supply electric energy.

Being associated after the checking of chemical composition or with chemical composition checking, intermediate steps may also provide and is considered liquid The part of slag S redundance is discharged.This can be carried out by slagging-off hole 17 after housing 12 tilts to reach expectation slagging-off angle α.

The purpose that part is discharged is the thickness in order to limit the molten slag S in smelting furnace 11, and reduces its volume, to obtain Processing conditions needed for.Depending on specific requirement or the condition that may occur in each case, part is discharged can the row of permission Go out present in the molten slag S of substantially any amount, the most up to working chamber 14 the 90% of total molten slag S.

The present invention provides following modification: the inclination (tilting slagging-off angle α and angle beta of slagging tap) of housing 12 has and is less than 0.5 °, the precision of advantageously 0.1 °.

Precision due to the inclination of housing 12, it is possible to obtain molten slag S accurately discharges (the most about tens of kg), This give the great motility of method of smelting and performance accuracy.

Obviously, it is thus achieved that the constant optimum of the contents level of molten slag S ensure that the result of better quality.

May also provide, after described part is discharged, method of smelting can include the second melting step, and it has oneself The second smelting time section, the minimum length in time of about 30 minutes, such as between 30 minutes and 70 minutes.

According to a kind of modification, method of smelting makes the most plural melting step, and each step has their own Smelting time section, is discharged and a series of the most commensurability and separate by a series of parts of molten slag S.

During process time whenever, it is possible to control temperature and detect and checking liquid cast G and hydraulic pressure molten The chemical composition of slag S.

On the basis of the result of this detection and checking, when hydraulic pressure cast iron G comprises at least the 75% of the vanadium of known primary quantity, Such as 80%, and hydraulic pressure slag S comprises the TiO of known primary quantity₂At least 80%, such as 90% to 95%, and specifically comprise The TiO of weight % equal at least about 40%₂Time, the supply of electric energy is interrupted and hydraulic pressure slag S and liquid cast G are individually discharged.

First progressive the ramping up to reach required slagging-off angle α (it can be for example, of housing 12 by means of smelting furnace 11 8 °), and tilt housing 12 on the opposite side relative to first second progressive ramp up to reach angle beta of slagging tap subsequently, occur This independent discharge.

As an example, in the case of slagging tap in the bottom from housing 12, angle beta of slagging tap can be about 14 °, and slags tap spray in utilization In the case of mouth 19 is slagged tap, angle beta of slagging tap can be about 35 °.

We presently describe an application example of the method according to the invention.

In this example, it is contemplated that productive target, (twice continuous print casting within process time of about 120 minutes is during section Between making), it needs to feed fifty-fifty, and the average conveying of mineral is about 73ton/h.Within process time, it is assumed that the feedback of material Send the time to be equal to about 94 minutes, then the average conveying of mineral is 93ton/h.Remembeing initial transition step, wherein conveying is less than steady Determining state conveying, steady statue conveying Qmax can be about 96ton/h.

The example that can be used on the prereduction mineral according to the iron content in the fusion process of the present invention, titanium and vanadium can have following Chemical composition (is by weight):

Fe=63%, FeO=6.1% (degree of metallization 93%), C=2.5%, CaO=1%, MgO=2.7%, SiO₂ =4.2%, Al2O3=4.0%, TiO2=15.1%, V2O5=0.7%.

Mineral (titanomagnetite) at room temperature feed (indicatively less than 40 DEG C).

Throughput objectives makes smelting furnace averagely must carry (when the most averagely casting with the titanomagnetite equal to 73t/h Between, it includes the time of not feedthrough material) feed.

From above content, it may be preferred that select the internal diameter of its middle shell 12 to be enough to allow liquid cast G and liquid to melt The smelting furnace 11 of the big contact surface between slag S.Thus, it is proposed that use the internal diameter smelting furnace 11 equal to about 7m of housing 12. Additionally, housing 12 should can produce and comprise total amount liquid cast G equal to 100 tons for making it in casting every time.

The chemical composition of the titanomagnetite be given by example recited above is made, for feeding material per ton and Speech, creates liquid cast G and the molten slag S of about 0.30 ton of amount of about 0.69 ton of amount.

Therefore, during casting, it is necessary to feed about 145 tons of titanomagnetites, and be therefore equal to about 120 points process time Clock.

Density in view of molten slag is about 2.2ton/m3, and the volume of the slag produced in one-step casting is equal to 13.6m3。

The diameter of liquid cell is defined, i.e. the part of working chamber 14 can comprise liquid cast G and molten slag S, its by The internal diameter of housing 12, the wall of protection covering 15 and adhere to protect the clean thickness of the layer of solid slag of covering 15 to determine.

Later layer be present in it is assumed hereinafter that in: using the fire-resistant covering 15a of heat conduction, and its middle shell 12 is by means of pipe Bundle 15b carries out outside cooling.

If we assume that the thickness of protection covering 15 is equal to about 0.55m, and the thickness of solid slag is equal to about 0.33m, compared with the diameter of the housing 12 equal to 7m, the diameter of liquid cell is about 5.3m, and the surface of liquid cell 22 is 2m.

The pressure head of the molten slag S produced during process time can be quantitatively at about 620mm.

Therefore, if all molten slag S produced in fusion process are still contained in smelting furnace, and in view of in casting When making beginning, the thickness of slag must be at least 200mm to be immersed in as much as possible wherein by electric arc, then the final thickness of slag Degree is about 820mm.This thickness can make reduction process extremely difficult, especially during the advanced stage of process.For this reason, Chemical property and the size of smelting furnace 11 in view of the material fed, it may be desirable to, select to wrap at the end of smelting time section Include the middle process discharged of molten slag S.

By increasing the diameter pressure head with restriction molten slag S of smelting furnace 11, there is not the single phase mistake that part is discharged Journey is possible to；But the increase of this situation and installation cost during meaning more heat dissipate and therefore make The energy efficiency of one-tenth process reduces.

Therefore, having had decided to the middle process discharged carrying out having molten slag S, it determines at described smelting time During Duan, after having fed the half of total material, discharge.Therefore, part discharge start time, it is contemplated that liquid The thickness of slag S is equal to about 510mm.

With reference to Fig. 5, example process comprises the following steps:

0-7 minute: prepare the initial step (controlling the function of the parts of device and smelting furnace 11) of smelting furnace 11；

7-15 minute: initial transition step, there is material supply and the fall of the transfer rate (50-70t/h) of reduction simultaneously The supply of low electrical power (35-55MW), in order to make liquid pool reach required processing temperature (＞ Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 50 DEG C).Meanwhile, can be with ore deposit Thing together or feeds reducing agent and slag forming material by another entrance.

Such as, with reference to mineral specified above and it is also assumed that as follows, it is characterised in that titanium oxide and total oxide (aoxidize Except ferrum) between weight ratio equal to 0.53, for obtaining the required of the slag with titania content (＞ 40%) and vanadium Reducing degree, required specific consumption amount (once feed material kilogram and once mineral feed thousand during casting during casting Ratio between gram) in the range of following: coke 20-34kg/kg, slag forming material is less than 35kg/kg.

15-54 minute: melting step, the electrical power supply (65-75MW) of mouth addiction maximum and maximum mineral transfer rate (85-105t/h)。

Such as, with reference to prereduction mineral, it is characterised in that metallization 93%, carbon 2%, total oxide (except ferrum oxide) 28%, room temperature (5-40 DEG C), during melting step, it is fed to the concrete transfer rate Msp of mineral of smelting furnace between 20- In the range of 25kg/ (min*MW).In melting step, this scope determines the electric work of maximum stable state to be supplied Rate.Steady state power is defined Pmax, and its value obtains from below equation Pmax=k*Qmax/Msp.Such as, as above retouching Under the value of Qmax and Msp stated, Pmax approximates 70MW.

In the case of mineral have and are different from considered chemical composition and/or temperature, during keeping step, electric work Ratio between rate and mineral transfer rate is continually changing.For the different value of described feature, the mineral as above identified are concrete The value of transfer rate Msp can be by multiplying it by a coefficient k, mineral metal function, the percentage composition of carbon, oxide The percentage composition of (except ferrum oxide) and the feeding temperature of mineral correct.

During melting, reducing agent and slag forming material can be fed with mineral simultaneously or be fed by another entrance.Stop feedback Send a few minutes before mineral, the chemical analysis of slag and liquid cast can be carried out.

54-57 minute: keep step, supplied by electric energy and (but the most additionally add reducing agent without feeding mineral And/or slag forming material) keep temperature as much as possible or increase temperature, in order to completed (based on front two before molten slag S discharges The chemical analysis of individual step) reduction reaction of vanadium.

57-61 minute: by tilting the housing 12 of smelting furnace 11, molten slag S portion is discharged.Can be by range estimation housing 12 The pressure head of interior liquid slag S, or by measuring the amount of molten slag S in suitable vessel, or by smelting furnace 11 of weighing System controls the amount of discharged molten slag S.Be finally make the pressure head of the molten slag S in housing 12 reach between Numerical value between 150mm and 250mm.

61-66 minute: such as 7-15 minute.

66-107 minute: such as 15-54 minute.

107-113 minute: such as 54-57 minute.

113-120 minute: by tilting the last slagging-off of smelting furnace and by the liquid subsequently of rightabout inclination Slagging tap of cast iron.

It is obvious that in the case of without departing from the field of the invention and scope, can be to device 10 as previously described and use Part in the method for the mineral of melting iron content, titanium and vanadium is modified and/or adds.

Although it is also clear that invention has been described with reference to some particular instances, but being familiar with this area Technical staff is by the sure apparatus and method realizing other equivalents many, and it has feature described in the claims And therefore these all fall within protection domain defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. for a melting iron content, titanium, and the method for the mineral of vanadium, described content every kind has known primary quantity, Being provided with a receiving main body (12) in electric smelting furnace (11), it extends around central axis (X) and can comprise described central shaft Tilt by means of rotation in the inclined plane of line (X), it is characterised in that comprising:

-by described mineral and include that the auxiliary material of reducing agent and/or deslagging agent is fed to described with the transfer rate increased Accommodate in main body (12), and incrementally supply power to described electric smelting furnace (11), until reaching steady state power (Pmax) and the steady state temperature of at least 1450 DEG C, wherein said steady state power (Pmax) with feed the steady of described mineral Determine state transfer rate (Qmax) to be directly proportional, and concrete defeated with the described mineral being fed in described receiving main body (12) Transmission rate (Msp) is inversely proportional to, and described concrete transfer rate (Msp) depends on the degree of metallization of described mineral, depends on carbon The percentage by weight of content, depends on the feeding temperature of described mineral and depends on the total weight percent of oxide content, Except ferrum oxide；

-keep described steady state temperature, required makes it be enough to obtain the complete of described mineral in required smelting time section Fine melted, and as the product of described melting, liquid cast (G) contains vanadium, and molten slag (S) is containing titanium oxide, described melting Time period extends, until obtaining the maximum amount of molten slag (S), it can permitted by the geometry of described receiving main body (12) The molten slag (S) of the largest body product value permitted and the incompatible limited thickness of the reduction of the described vanadium contained with described mineral it Between select；

-after described required smelting time section, interrupt being fed in described receiving main body (12) described mineral；

-after described smelting time section and/or during described smelting time section, detect also by sampling and verify Described liquid cast (G) and the chemical composition of described molten slag (S), in order to whether control described liquid cast (G) containing described At least the 75% of the vanadium of known primary quantity, and described molten slag (S) whether titanium oxide containing described known primary quantity is extremely Few 90%, in described molten slag (S), wherein contain the described titanium oxide of at least 40 weight %；

-use the first inclination in a first direction of described receiving main body (12) to come individually and after verifying described chemical composition Discharge described molten slag (S), and use the second inclination in a second direction of described receiving main body (12) to discharge described Liquid cast (G).

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after described smelting time section and discharging institute respectively Before stating molten slag (S) and described liquid cast (G), described according to described molten slag (S) and described liquid cast (G) The described detection of chemical composition and the result of checking, so that interrupting the described feeding of the described mineral of iron content, titanium and vanadium, to the greatest extent may be used Energy ground continues the described feeding of described auxiliary material, and supplies the electric guarantor less than or equal to described steady state power (Pmax) Hold power, in order to keep described steady state temperature to be sufficient so that in a retention time section in described liquid cast (G) Vanadium reach described known primary quantity vanadium at least 75%.

Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that after described smelting time section, by means of institute State receiving main body (12) inclination in a first direction and partly discharge described molten slag (S) so that molten slag (S) contains Amount level was held in required numerical value in each moment, in order to make the desired amount of molten slag (S) from penetrating described appearance Receive main body (12) slagging-off hole (17) discharge.

4. according to the method for 3 described in claim, it is characterised in that during described part is discharged, described receiving main body (12) Tilt to reach the slagging-off angle (α) less than or equal to 15 ° in said first direction.

5. according to the method described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that during described part is discharged, be present in described receiving A part of molten slag (S) in main body (12) is discharged, in order to make the contents level of described molten slag (S) be held at less than 650mm, preferably between 100mm and 300mm, more preferably between 150mm and 250mm.

6. according to the method according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described receiving main body (12) is by institute State the inclination in second direction and be less than or equal to the angle of slagging tap (β) of 40 ° to the angle discharging described liquid cast (G).

7. according to the method according to any one of claim 3 to 6, it is characterised in that after described part is discharged, and Described liquid cast (G) and institute is discharged respectively by tilting described receiving main body (12) in the first and second direction Before stating molten slag (S), described method performs following operation order, including: will under the transfer rate increased Mineral and auxiliary feed material are in described receiving main body (12), and increase electric energy supply simultaneously and stablize shape until reaching described State power (Pmax) and reach more than the described steady state temperature of 1450 DEG C, ore deposit described in melting under described steady state temperature Thing reaches the second required smelting time section, until reaching the maximum amount of molten slag (S), verifies described molten slag (S) and institute State the described chemical composition of liquid cast (G), and carry out molten slag (S) it is further possible that part is discharged.

Method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that before reaching described the maximum amount of molten slag (S), institute The method of stating makes to interrupt being fed in described receiving main body (12) described mineral, and supplies equal to or less than described steady statue The electricity of power (Pmax) keeps power, for making in one section of retention time section enough at least obtain in described liquid cast Content of vanadium more than the 75% of the vanadium initially contained in described mineral.