CN106060749B - A kind of calibration method for electro-acoustic element testing impedance - Google Patents
A kind of calibration method for electro-acoustic element testing impedance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106060749B CN106060749B CN201610411632.6A CN201610411632A CN106060749B CN 106060749 B CN106060749 B CN 106060749B CN 201610411632 A CN201610411632 A CN 201610411632A CN 106060749 B CN106060749 B CN 106060749B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
- H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/004—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for microphones
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of calibration method for electro-acoustic element testing impedance, the method is used for known load voltage, is asked in the measuring device of load impedance using sample resistance measurement loop current；According to testing impedance principle, influence of the source and error that analytical error generates to test result obtains impedance calibration formula；The resistance value of measuring resistance and measurement resistance value are substituted into calibration equation, the equivalent test parameter such as the sample resistance of output loop, contact resistance in measuring system are calculated by the measuring resistance for testing known resistance value.The calibration method of electro-acoustic element testing impedance provided by the invention, can fast and accurately calibrate, easy to operate, can reduce or eliminate the influence of the brings such as lead resistance, contact resistance and additional connections resistance, so that the impedance of electro-acoustic element is accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of calibration methods of electro-acoustic element, more particularly, to a kind of calibration of electro-acoustic element testing impedance
Method.
Background technique
The impedance operator of electro-acoustic element is the parameter of the features such as resonance frequency and the power match of testing product, therefore is detected
Impedance operator is the important link in the control of electro-acoustic element product quality, is had very important significance.But in actual test mistake
Cheng Zhong, due to the influence of lead resistance, contact resistance and additional connections resistance etc., test result and actual value often deviation compared with
Greatly, the purpose effectively managed is not achieved.
In resistance test, currently used test method includes: constant current pressure testing method, constant pressure flow measurement method, Hui Sitong
Electric bridge and Kelvin bridge method.
1) constant current pressure testing method
If Fig. 2, r are the sum of lead resistance and contact resistance, IsIt is constant-current source, V is high input impedance voltmeter.If r < <
Rt, then according to formula Rt=V/IsResistance value can be calculated.
2) constant pressure flow measurement method
If Fig. 3, r are the sum of amperemeter inner resistance, lead resistance and contact resistance, UsIt is constant pressure source, A is low internal resistance electric current
Table.If r < < Rt, then according to formula Rt=Us/ I can calculate resistance value.
3) Wheatstone bridge method (wheatstone bridge method)
Such as Fig. 4, R1It is measuring resistance, RtIt is measured resistance, U1、U2It is variable voltage source.When bridge balance flows through electric current
When the electric current of Table A is zero, there is U1/U2=R1/Rt, therefore calculate Rt=R1*U2/U1。
4) Kelvin bridge method (double bridge method)
Such as Fig. 5, when testing several ohm of low resistance, lead resistance and contact resistance can not ignore, and can be used out
That message bridge method.By the middle low resistance R in electric bridgetFour endings are changed to R, and increase by two high resistance R in bridge3、
R4, then the influence of lead resistance and contact resistance can be reduced to a certain extent.
However above-mentioned various methods have certain deficiency: constant pressure flow measurement and constant current survey the methods of pressure and are required to lead electricity
Resistance and contact resistance are less than measured resistance, this is when being applied to test electro-acoustic element, due to electro-acoustic element especially loudspeaking
In the case that device resistance only has several ohm, it is difficult to ensure that meeting above-mentioned condition.Wheatstone bridge method is for testing electro-acoustic element
Impedance when, complicated operation, and the acoustic characteristic of inconvenient test product simultaneously；Lead resistance can not be eliminated simultaneously
With the influence of contact resistance.Kelvin bridge method can reduce the influence of lead resistance and contact resistance, but equally cannot
Exclude the influence to test result of external add-in connecting line.
When the impedance of actual test electro-acoustic element frequently with known load voltage, use sample resistance measurement loop current
Method, test philosophy are as shown in Figure 6.
In Fig. 6, VtFor constant pressure source, r is sample resistance, RtFor measured resistance.If measuring the voltage V at the both ends rr, then in circuit
Electric current I=Vr/ r, thus calculates
When actually using the test of such method, when the impedance of electro-acoustic element is smaller, such as loudspeaker, generally 32 Ω with
Under, therefore ignore measured resistance actual value and measured value in the case of lead resistance and contact resistance and have relatively large deviation.Consider lead
Resistance and contact resistance etc., schematic diagram such as Fig. 7.Wherein voltmeter is high input impedance type, therefore lead resistance R4Influence can neglect
Slightly；Another lead resistance is divided into R1、R2Two parts, R1In addition to having an impact to amendment resistance, the both ends sample resistance r are had an effect on
Voltage；R3For contact resistance.Formula (1) is modified, is shown below:
Wherein: r ' is equivalent sample resistance, and value is sample resistance and lead resistance R1The sum of；RfixFor equivalent amendment electricity
Resistance, value are lead resistance R2With contact resistance R3The sum of.
Test still remains following difficulty at this time:
1) lead resistance R2With contact resistance R3It is unable to accurate calibration, causes to correct resistance RfixIt is unable to accurate calibration；
2) lead resistance R2To the both end voltage V of sample resistancerCaused by influence, can not accurately learn.
Further, since electro-acoustic element generally understands additional connections when testing, and if not considering the impedance of connecting line, also can
Influence final test result.At this point, not can avoid the shadow of additional connections even if testing using Kelvin bridge method yet
It rings.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to one kind can be quickly calibrated on the basis of existing electro-acoustic element impedance detecting method
Method, with reduce or eliminate the brings such as lead resistance, contact resistance and additional connections resistance influence so that electroacoustic
The impedance of device is accurately.
The invention solves complicated for operation existing for existing electro-acoustic element impedance detecting method, can not reduce or eliminate
The defects of brings such as lead resistance, contact resistance and additional connections resistance influence, and the impedance calibration of electro-acoustic element is inaccurate.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is: a kind of calibration side for electro-acoustic element testing impedance
Method, the method are used for known load voltage, are asked in the measuring device of load impedance using sample resistance measurement loop current, allusion quotation
The schematic diagram of type is as shown in Figure 1；According to testing impedance principle, the shadow of source that analytical error generates and error to test result
It rings, obtains impedance calibration formula；The resistance value of measuring resistance and measurement resistance value are substituted into calibration by the measuring resistance for testing known resistance value
In formula, the equivalent test parameters such as the sample resistance of output loop in measuring system, amendment resistance are calculated.
(2) formula of analysis is it is found that be linear relationship between measured resistance and equivalent sample resistance and equivalent amendment resistance, therefore
Equivalent sample resistance and amendment can be calculated by the resistance of resistance value known to test two or more, simultaneous measured equation
Resistance achievees the purpose that calibration impedance is tested.
Derivation process when being calibrated using two measuring resistances is as follows:
As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, R1、R2For the measuring resistance of two known resistance values, R1≠R2。Vt1、Vt2、VR1、VR2Respectively
Test R1、R2When test voltage and corresponding sample resistance on voltage.r',Rfix' be respectively equivalent sample resistance value and repair
Positive electricity resistance value.Then had according to formula (2):
To be further simplified equation, make Vt1=Vt2=Vt, it solves:
If when test, the initial value r of sample resistance and amendment resistance0、Rfix0, corresponding measuring resistance R1、R2Test value be
R10、R20, then:
(5) formula is brought into (4) formula to obtain:
It, can be by sampling electricity that two known resistance and test voltage and test result push away equivalent according to (6) formula
Resistance value and amendment resistance value.This calibration method use condition is simple, it is only necessary to know system setup parameter and two known to hinder
The resistance of value can calibrate system parameter.
If necessary to further precision alignment system test parameter, following 4 points of improvement can also be done:
If 1) test result and actual value still have deviation after calibrating for the first time, then after first time being calibrated
Test parameter is calibrated again as initial set value, it may be assumed that test value can be made constantly to approach reality by repeatedly recycling calibration
Value, and then improve calibration accuracy.
2) known resistance for testing multiple and different resistance values, obtains optimal solution using least square method or other optimization methods,
To obtain more accurate sample resistance value and correction value；
3) in view of the amendment resistive term in route is not a pure resistance, but distribution impedance varying with frequency, because
The alternating voltage of different frequency can be used as test voltage in this, thus amendment electricity when calculating different frequency in route
Resistance, obtains a fair curve varying with frequency；
4) in the calibration method described in when the external test arrangements such as measuring system connecting test fixture, prod, pass through survey
The calibration of equipment is measured, the measurement result deviation as caused by external test arrangements is corrected；Such as when actual test, additional company is needed sometimes
Measured resistance is connect after wiring again, since the resistance of rear end additional connections only has an impact to amendment resistance, in system calibration
Afterwards, additional connections are shorted as a load resistance and are connect in back end test, and this test value is added in amendment resistance,
This error can be subtracted.
In the calibration method, when measurement circuit imposes DC voltage, resistance is measured；When measurement circuit imposes exchange
When signal, impedance curve is measured.
The tested electro-acoustic element includes at least moving-coil speaker unit, moving-coil receiver unit, loudspeaker closed box system
One of system, loudspeaker phase inverting box system or microphone.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with prior art, the calibration of electro-acoustic element testing impedance provided by the invention
Method can be calibrated fast and accurately, easy to operate, can reduce or eliminate lead resistance, contact resistance and additional connections electricity
The brings such as resistance influence, so that the impedance of electro-acoustic element is accurately.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that resistance sampling method typical case implements figure.
Fig. 2 is the test schematic of constant current pressure testing method.
Fig. 3 is the test schematic of constant pressure flow measurement method.
Fig. 4 is Wheatstone bridge method testing schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is Kelvin bridge method testing schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is resistance sampling method testing schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the equivalent circuit diagram for considering lead resistance and contact resistance etc..
Fig. 8 is testing standard resistance R1When equivalent circuit diagram.
Fig. 9 is testing standard resistance R2When equivalent circuit diagram.
Figure 10 is calibration steps flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Use the pure resistance r of 1 ‰ precision as sample resistance, r=0.25 Ω；Use sectional area 1mm2Red-black line as survey
Try lead；It is attached according to such as Fig. 6 resistance sampling method testing schematic diagram.
If r0=0.25 Ω, Rfix0=0.4 Ω (r0For ideal value, Rfix0For empirical value), R is tested respectively1=8.250 Ω,
R2The measuring resistance of=4.116 Ω, corresponding test result is respectively R10=8.034 Ω, R20=4.054 Ω, bring calibration equation into
(6), r '=0.260 Ω, R are calculated to obtainfixSample resistance and amendment resistance are set to r ', R by the Ω of '=0.250 respectivelyfix', again
Testing standard resistance, test result are respectively R10=8.253 Ω, R20Additional connections are shorted as tested by=4.115 Ω
Load access measures resistance as 0.177 Ω, therefore equivalent test parameter r '=0.260 Ω, RfixThe Ω of '=0.427.It has calibrated
At.
Embodiment 2
A kind of calibration method for electro-acoustic element testing impedance, the method are used for known load voltage, use sampling
Resistance measurement loop current is asked in the measuring device of load impedance；According to testing impedance principle, source that analytical error generates and
Influence of the error to test result, obtains impedance calibration formula；The measuring resistance for testing known resistance value, by the resistance value of measuring resistance
And measurement resistance value substitutes into calibration equation, and the sample resistance of output loop in measuring system is calculated, corrects the equivalent of resistance
Test parameter.
The calibration method uses the multiple circulation calibration of two measuring resistances progress to improve calibration accuracy in calibration, from
And calibrate to accurate equivalent test parameter.
The calibration method is tested in calibration using multiple measuring resistances, and optimizing application method obtains optimal solution,
To calibrate to accurate equivalent test parameter.
The impedance calibration formula are as follows:R in formula1、R2For resistance known to two
The measuring resistance of value, R10、R20Respectively measuring resistance R1、R2Test value, r0, r ' is respectively the initial value of sample resistance and waits
Imitate sample resistance, Rfix0、Rfix' it is respectively the initial value for correcting resistance and equivalent amendment resistance value.
In the calibration method when external test arrangements such as measuring system connecting test fixture, prod, pass through measurement
The measurement result deviation as caused by external test arrangements is corrected in the calibration of equipment.
In the calibration method, when measurement circuit imposes DC voltage, resistance is measured；When measurement circuit imposes exchange
When signal, impedance curve is measured.
The optimization method is least square method.
The tested electro-acoustic element includes at least moving-coil speaker unit, moving-coil receiver unit, loudspeaker closed box system
One of system, loudspeaker phase inverting box system or microphone.
Implementing procedure refers to Figure 10.
Finally it should be noted that: above example is only to illustrate this patent, and not limits skill described in this patent
Art scheme；Therefore, although this specification has been carried out detailed description, ability to this patent referring to above-mentioned each example
Domain it is to be appreciated by one skilled in the art that still can modify to this patent or equivalent replacement；And all do not depart from this specially
The technical solution and its improvement of the spirit and scope of benefit, should all cover in the scope of the claims of this patent.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of calibration method for electro-acoustic element testing impedance, it is characterised in that the method is used for known load voltage,
It is asked in the measuring device of load impedance using sample resistance measurement loop current；According to testing impedance principle, analytical error is generated
The influence to test result of source and error, obtain impedance calibration formula；The measuring resistance for testing known resistance value, by standard electric
The resistance value and measurement resistance value of resistance substitute into calibration equation, and the sample resistance of output loop in measuring system, amendment electricity is calculated
The equivalent test parameter of resistance；Two measuring resistances are used to carry out repeatedly circulation calibration to improve calibration accuracy in calibration, thus
Calibrate to accurate equivalent test parameter；The calibration method is tested in calibration using multiple measuring resistances, and application is excellent
Change method obtains optimal solution, to calibrate to accurate equivalent test parameter；The impedance calibration formula are as follows:R1, R2 are the measuring resistance of two known resistance values in formula, and R10, R20 are respectively measuring resistance
The test value of R1, R2, r0, r ' be respectively sample resistance initial value and equivalent sample resistance, Rfix0, Rfix ' be respectively correct
The initial value of resistance and equivalent amendment resistance value；Measuring system connecting test fixture, prod etc. are outer in the calibration method
When portion's test device, by the calibration of measuring device, the measurement result deviation as caused by external test arrangements is corrected；The school
In quasi- method, when measurement circuit imposes DC voltage, resistance is measured；When measurement circuit imposes AC signal, impedance is measured
Curve；The optimization method is least square method；The tested electro-acoustic element includes at least moving-coil speaker unit, moving-coil
One of receiver unit, loudspeaker closed box system, loudspeaker phase inverting box system or microphone.
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| CN107422192B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2020-05-08 | 广州市锐丰音响科技股份有限公司 | Audio equipment input impedance measuring method and device and measurement and verification method and device |
| CN107569229B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2021-02-02 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Biological impedance measuring method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN108828315B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江豪声电子科技股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal loudspeaker impedance measuring circuit, loudspeaker circuit and mobile terminal |
| CN111050263B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-11-02 | 潍坊歌尔微电子有限公司 | Microphone load impedance testing system and method |
| CN111007393A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-04-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | High-voltage circuit breaker loop resistance test circuit |
| CN113543009B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳市盈柯纳科技有限公司 | Quality inspection device of electromagnetic sound pickup |
| CN117214649A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-12 | 珠海格力电子元器件有限公司 | Power device testing device and method |
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| US9215749B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-12-15 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Reducing an acoustic intensity vector with adaptive noise cancellation with two error microphones |
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| CN101251557A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-08-27 | 苏州长新微电子有限公司 | Built-in permanence resistor automatic calibration method for high-precision circuit |
| CN101937066A (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-05 | 臧佳菁 | Self-calibrating method of internal reference resistors of multi-range digital electronic measuring instrument |
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