CN106058882A - 一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器 - Google Patents

一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器 Download PDF

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CN106058882A
CN106058882A CN201610519453.4A CN201610519453A CN106058882A CN 106058882 A CN106058882 A CN 106058882A CN 201610519453 A CN201610519453 A CN 201610519453A CN 106058882 A CN106058882 A CN 106058882A
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inverter
photovoltaic
signal
filtering
harmonic
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王武
张元敏
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Xuchang University
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Xuchang University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/385—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，由光伏发电单元、BOOST升压斩波器、MPPT控制器、DC/AC逆变主电路、信号采样电路、直流侧电压稳定控制模块、谐波检测及控制模块、逆变SPWM生成模块组成；升压斩波电路的输入为光伏输出，升压斩波电路的输出为逆变器的直流侧；逆变主电路采用三相电压型逆变电路，有电力电子开关元件组成主电路；逆变器将直流电变为交流电。本发明给出了具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图，将逆变器进行复用，既作为光伏并网逆变器，同时又作为有源电力滤波器使用，简化了电路设计，降低了成本。

Description

一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器
本发明涉及新能源发电技术领域，具体涉及应用电力电子技术实现光伏并网逆变器系统设计，主要应用于光伏并网系统。
背景技术
随着分布式电源在电力系统中的比例进一步加大以及微网技术在电力系统中的渗透，使得分布式电源与当地负荷、储能系统和控制系统逐步实现了集成并网，对系统的电能质量也提出了更高要求。通过对微网系统进行主动控制，使其分布式发电单元通过逆变器复用技术或相关控制策略的应用，具有滤波、不平衡补偿和谐波减少等功能，可以充分发挥分布式电源功率调度方便，响应迅速等优势，对改善配电网电能质量水平具有积极意义。有鉴于此，本专利提出一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，主动治理微网并网节点处的谐波，并进行无功补偿，消除非线性负载带来的谐波污染，实现电能质量改善，也进一步拓展微网系统的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用了下述的技术方案：一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，由光伏发电单元、BOOST升压斩波器、MPPT控制器、DC/AC逆变主电路、信号采样电路、直流侧电压稳定控制模块、谐波检测及控制模块、逆变SPWM生成模块组成；
升压斩波电路的输入为光伏输出，升压斩波电路的输出为逆变器的直流侧；逆变主电路采用三相电压型逆变电路，有电力电子开关元件组成主电路；逆变器将直流电变为交流电；
经过MPPT环节得到有功指令电流信号对非线性负载电流iabc进行采集，得到谐波信号，从而合成输出参考信号该信号为谐波补偿指令电流和有功指令电流的合成，将其输入至PWM控制，从而驱动逆变谐波补偿复用主电路。
优选方案，为使复用逆变器能进行功率输出，同时实现非线性引起的谐波补偿，一方面，通过对光伏输出进行MPPT控制，控制逆变器输出。另一方面，通过实时进行谐波检测，实现谐波补偿控制
优选方案，光伏输出电压信号进行电压环PI控制，产生调节信号Δip，该信号与MPPT产生的电流信号相叠加，产生iPV信号。
优选方案，采用瞬时功率理论进行谐波检测，采样电流信号iabc，经abc-pq变换，通过低通滤波器后，和iPV相叠加，产生合成电流信号，对逆变主电路进行控制，实现谐波补偿。
本发明给出了具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图，将逆变器进行复用，既作为光伏并网逆变器，同时又作为有源电力滤波器使用，简化了电路设计，降低了成本。
附图说明
图1为具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图之一；
图2为具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图之二；
图3为具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图之三；
图4为具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图之四；
图5为具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图之五。
具体实施方式
为了使从事光伏并网逆变器系统设计相关技术人员能更好地理解本发明方案，下面参照附图对本发明实施方式进行详细说明。
参见图1-5，本系统提供了一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器控制结构图，该系统主要由光伏发电单元、BOOST升压斩波器、MPPT控制器、DC/AC逆变主电路、信号采样电路、直流侧电压稳定控制、谐波检测及控制、逆变SPWM生成等模块组成。升压斩波电路的输入为光伏输出，升压斩波电路的输出为逆变器的直流侧。逆变主电路采用三相电压型逆变电路，有V1～V6六个电力电子开关元件组成主电路，其通断受PWM脉冲控制。逆变器将直流电变为交流电，经滤波后，可以供给本地负载，也可以进行并网。
本系统中，考虑到光伏逆变器和有源电力滤波器主电路相同，将逆变器进行复用，所以逆变电路既作为光伏并网逆变器使用，同时又作为有源电力滤波器使用，从而大大简化了电路设计，降低了成本。为使复用逆变器能进行功率输出，同时实现非线性引起的谐波补偿，一方面，通过对光伏输出进行MPPT控制，控制逆变器输出。另一方面，通过实时进行谐波检测，实现谐波补偿控制。
为了实现功率输出控制，需要对光伏单元进行MPPT控制，其中为经过MPPT环节所得到的有功指令电流信号，为了进行谐波补偿控制，系统对非线性负载电流iabc进行采集，其中为谐波补偿指令电流和有功指令电流的合成输出参考信号，将其输入至PWM控制，从而驱动逆变谐波补偿复用主电路。
系统控制器实现如下：在系统直流控制端，MPPT模块完成光伏发电系统的电压和功率控制，一方面控制BOOST升压斩波电路，实现光伏功率控制，使其实现最大功率跟踪控制，另一方面，MPPT控制模块产生电流信号该信号为有功功率指令电流参考信号，光伏输出电压信号进行电压环PI控制，产生调节信号Δip，该信号与MPPT产生的电流信号相叠加，产生iPV信号。采用瞬时功率理论进行谐波检测，采样电流信号iabc，经abc-pq变换，通过低通滤波器后，和iPV相叠加，产生合成电流信号，对逆变主电路进行控制，实现谐波补偿。
以上内容是结合优选技术方案对本发明所做的详细说明，不能认定发明的具体实施仅限于这些，对于在不脱离本发明思想前提下做出的简单推演及 替换，都应当视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，其特征在于：由光伏发电单元、BOOST升压斩波器、MPPT控制器、DC/AC逆变主电路、信号采样电路、直流侧电压稳定控制模块、谐波检测及控制模块、逆变SPWM生成模块组成；
升压斩波电路的输入为光伏输出，升压斩波电路的输出为逆变器的直流侧；逆变主电路采用三相电压型逆变电路，有电力电子开关元件组成主电路；逆变器将直流电变为交流电；
经过MPPT环节得到有功指令电流信号对非线性负载电流iabc进行采集，得到谐波信号，从而合成输出参考信号该信号为谐波补偿指令电流和有功指令电流的合成，将其输入至PWM控制，从而驱动逆变谐波补偿复用主电路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，其特征在于：为使复用逆变器能进行功率输出，同时实现非线性引起的谐波补偿，一方面，通过对光伏输出进行MPPT控制，控制逆变器输出。另一方面，通过实时进行谐波检测，实现谐波补偿控制。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，其特征在于：光伏输出电压信号进行电压环PI控制，产生调节信号Δip，该信号与MPPT产生的电流信号相叠加，产生iPV信号。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器，其特征在于：采用瞬时功率理论进行谐波检测，采样电流信号iabc，经abc-pq变换，通过低通滤波器后，和iPV相叠加，产生合成电流信号，对逆变主电路进行控制，实现谐波补偿。
CN201610519453.4A 2016-07-01 2016-07-01 一种具有滤波和无功补偿的光伏并网逆变器 Pending CN106058882A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

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CN109861274A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-06-07 陕西科技大学 一种具有apf功能的主辅并网逆变器并联运行系统及方法
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CN113890032A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-04 国网北京市电力公司 用于台区电能质量治理的电力电子变压器控制方法及系统
CN113922414A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2022-01-11 杭州佳和电气股份有限公司 一种具有无功补偿功能的光伏逆变器

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109861274A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-06-07 陕西科技大学 一种具有apf功能的主辅并网逆变器并联运行系统及方法
CN112653146A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种谐波补偿方法、装置、供电系统及空调
CN112653146B (zh) * 2020-12-10 2023-04-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种谐波补偿方法、装置、供电系统及空调
CN113922414A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2022-01-11 杭州佳和电气股份有限公司 一种具有无功补偿功能的光伏逆变器
CN113890032A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-04 国网北京市电力公司 用于台区电能质量治理的电力电子变压器控制方法及系统
CN113890032B (zh) * 2021-09-30 2024-03-26 国网北京市电力公司 用于台区电能质量治理的电力电子变压器控制方法及系统

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