CN106058439B - A kind of emulation mode of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna - Google Patents
A kind of emulation mode of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN106058439B CN106058439B CN201610313268.XA CN201610313268A CN106058439B CN 106058439 B CN106058439 B CN 106058439B CN 201610313268 A CN201610313268 A CN 201610313268A CN 106058439 B CN106058439 B CN 106058439B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
A kind of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna proposed by the present invention, this fractal technology of slotting on high frequency antenna through the invention can be effectively reduced antenna resonant frequency, and then can reduce antenna sections size, realize miniaturization.Simultaneously as the decline of resonance frequency, antenna increase in the input impedance real part of low-frequency range, the radiation efficiency and gain of antenna are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technologies, especially high frequency antenna technical field.
Background technique
For wireless communication system, antenna is one of most important component.The one secondary good antenna of design, which can be shared, is
The requirement of system and the performance for improving whole system.Antenna is used to radiate or receive electromagnetic wave as system unit.It can be said that antenna
It is electromagnetic transducer, antenna is equivalent to effect of the eyes for people for a communication system.High frequency antenna can be real
Now remote, non-relay communication, is widely used in military affairs, maritime affairs, air line and global broadcast.If not having to expensive ground
Face and satellite facility, then high-frequency communication is exactly communication mode that uniquely can be covering the whole world.Therefore high frequency antenna is remote
The necessary component of communication, performance decide the superiority and inferiority of entire high frequency communication system performance.
The size of antenna and the wavelength of its working frequency range electromagnetic wave are closely related, when wavelength and antenna size are analogous
It waits, antenna reaches best effects for radiating or receiving the electromagnetism wave energy of this wavelength.The working frequency of antenna is lower, corresponds to wave
It is longer, it is desirable that the physical size of antenna is also bigger.High frequency antenna working frequency section be 2-30MHz, therefore antenna size compared with
Greatly.With the development of technology, requirement of the antennas such as airborne, vehicle-mounted for size is smaller and smaller.And physical size is significantly less than it
There are very big quality factor in the antenna of operation wavelength, that is to say, that its energy storage will be greatly reduced far more than radiation, efficiency.
Loop line antenna is one of the high frequency antenna of currently used superior performance, but loop line antenna there are size compared with
Greatly, the small loop line antenna of size there are antenna feed impedance real parts it is smaller, efficiency and gain are lower the disadvantages of.For example, document
[1] [Wang Naizhi, Li Jianzhou, the airborne hidden short-wave antenna of family designs [J] electronic information journal perhaps, 2011,33 (2):
504-508.] in loop line high frequency antenna size are as follows: length 285cm, lower width face width 50cm, upper leptoprosopy width 30cm, height
40cm, overall dimensions are larger.The significant challenge of HF communication equipment development is also antenna size miniaturization issues, therefore is being guaranteed
Realize that antenna miniaturization becomes our research direction under the premise of loop line high frequency antenna basic performance.
Common antenna miniaturization techniques have loading technique and two kinds of fractal technology.Loading technique with its it is convenient and effectively and
It is widely used.Fractal technology realizes antenna miniaturization and the resonance frequency of antenna is effectively reduced, and then is widely studied,
But fractal technology is chiefly used in printed antenna, due to the limitation of technological level, fractal structure is difficult to apply on high frequency antenna.This
For this problem, using meander effect, the miniaturization of loop line high frequency antenna is realized in research by simple fractal structure for invention.
From the point of view of the result in document [1], input impedance real part of the common high frequency loop line antenna in 2MHz-4MHz is
0.13 Ω -0.16 Ω, directive gain is in -35dB, and in 10dB or more, resonance frequency exists the difference of maximum gain and least gain
24MHz, antenna length 285cm, wide face width 50cm, leptoprosopy width 30cm, height 40cm.Therefore, high frequency antenna input resistance
Anti- real part is smaller, and difficulty is matched between antenna and antenna tuner, and antenna efficiency and gain are lower, and the length and height of antenna
It spends relatively large sized.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems to be solved
In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna and emulation
Method, meet the electrical performance indexes such as input impedance, efficiency, the gain of original antenna it is constant in the case where, realize to high frequency day
The miniaturization of line,
Technical solution
A kind of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna, including open circuit end face, short-circuit end face, upper leptoprosopy and lower wide face, short
It presents on terminal face with characteristic impedance as 50 Ω coaxial excitations；It is characterized in that being formed in the asymmetric slot that is provided with of upper leptoprosopy the right and left
One meander effect.
When the working frequency of antenna is 2MHz-30MHz, rectangle slot number is 5, in upper leptoprosopy apart from short-circuit end
300mm successively opens rectangular channel, flute length 230mm, groove width 30mm every 30mm.
A kind of emulation mode that miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna carries out, it is characterised in that steps are as follows:
Step 1: by the loop line antenna of original size in HFSS modeling and simulating, record its every electrical performance indexes；
Step 2: three slots are successively opened in upper leptoprosopy middle position or so, to form meander effect；It is swept by HFSS parameter
It retouches, most preferably slots initial position according to antenna electric performance optimization；
Step 3: under the premise of length, width, the spacing of slot initial position and slot are constant, passing through HFSS parameter
Scanning is most preferably slotted quantity according to antenna electric performance optimization；
Step 4: under the premise of slotting initial position and constant fluting quantity, then determining length, width, the spacing three of slot
When person's optimum efficiency, the two in three is fixed, according to the antenna performance index optimization third party；
Step 5: the preferred plan of step 1-4 optimization being applied on original size antenna, is reduced as unit of 50mm
Antenna length；When antenna electric performance index and original size antenna electric performance index after reduction are not much different, day at this time
Linear dimension is maximum degree of miniaturization size.
Beneficial effect
A kind of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna proposed by the present invention and emulation mode, through the invention in high frequency day
It slots on line this fractal technology, antenna resonant frequency can be effectively reduced, and then antenna sections size can be reduced, realize
Miniaturization.Simultaneously as the decline of resonance frequency, antenna increase in the input impedance real part of low-frequency range, antenna is improved
Radiation efficiency and gain.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is basic loop line high frequency antenna model schematic
Fig. 2 is Fractal Slot model schematic of the invention
Specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with embodiment, attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fractal structure designed by the present invention on high frequency antenna are as follows:
The both sides for the part for having electric current to flow through on high frequency antenna, successively left and right is slotted, and adjacent two slot is on current direction
There must be overlapping, so that electric current non-rectilinear circulates, and then forms the meander effect in fractal technology, limit and extend the stream of electric current
Dynamic path.
It in high-frequency band, slots each time, is equivalent to once point shape, increase the current direction effective length of antenna,
It is formed one section small " meander ", is equivalent to the slotted section on antenna and increases by one section of inductance.According to the calculation formula of resonance frequency:
It is found that L is bigger, resonance frequency f is lower, and then can be to antenna miniaturization, and the input impedance real part of low-frequency range
Also it increases accordingly.But with the increase for dividing shape number, the resonance frequency decline of antenna is more and more slower, and in resonance frequency
The radiation resistance at place slightly reduces.That is, the performance of antenna also tends to be full when a point shape number increases to certain amount
With.This is because the small radiation element of high order fractal generation is much smaller than wavelength, it is little to the radiation effect of antenna.But it also infuses simultaneously
Anticipating to the meander effect due to caused by point shape may result in more serious cross polarization phenomenon and influences directional diagram.Therefore divide shape
Depending on number should be required according to antenna performance.
Fractal structure designed by the present invention is suitable for the fluting of the various modes on high frequency antenna.Below in loop line height
For opening rectangular channel design on frequency antenna, model such as Fig. 1 is illustrated technology involved in the present invention.
The equivalent model of common loop line antenna is similar to a terminal short circuit, feedback with characteristic impedance for 50 in document [1]
The ribbon feeder of Ω coaxial excitation, size and electrical property are poor.
According to loop line antenna structure, preferred option is in the biggish upper leptoprosopy fluting of current distribution.By in antenna structure
Upper fluting, limits and extends the flow path of electric current, and then reaches the meander effect in fractal technology.As shown in Figure 2.
The factor for influencing mode of grooving designed by the present invention mainly has: the position of slot, the quantity of slot, the width of slot and length
Degree, separation.
The analysis method of this four influence factors is provided separately below:
The position of slot.Loop line high frequency antenna mainly has open circuit end face, short-circuit end face, four part group of upper leptoprosopy and lower wide face
At.Current distribution by by force to weak part successively are as follows: short-circuit end face, upper leptoprosopy, open circuit end face, lower wide face.First choice electric current most
Big part fluting, more conducively change antenna performance index.But experimental result is shown, short-circuit end surface current is excessive, due to slot with
Coupling effect between slot, the width and length of slot be too small cannot change electric current flow to path.What the width and length of slot were opened
It is excessive, and it is not enough to increase the effective length of electric current.Therefore, optimal slotting position is that leptoprosopy is slotted on loop line.
The quantity of slot is the second largest influence factor.The quantity of slot is equal to a point shape number, according to the above, when dividing shape time
When number increases to certain amount, the performance of antenna also tends to be saturated, therefore the quantity of slot is also unsuitable excessive.The quantity for determining slot this
It when one second influence factor, need to guarantee that the length and width of slot and separation are constant, in the electromagnetic simulation softwares such as HFSS, lead to
The quantity for changing slot is crossed, to observe the performance indexes of antenna, determines therefrom that out best fluting quantity.
Width, length and the separation of slot are third influence factor.The width of slot is wide, will lead to two separation mistakes
It is small, there is coupling effect.The length of slot is too short to be not enough to change current direction, and too long to will lead to edge current excessive.Separation
As the impact effect of the width of slot.When determining this three's optimum efficiency, under the premise of the quantity of slot is constant, three are fixed
The two in person, according to the antenna performance index optimization third party.
Leptoprosopy carries out fractal technology on the high frequency loop line antenna in document [1], by simulation optimization, preferred plan are as follows:
Apart from short-circuit end 300mm, rectangular channel is successively opened every 30mm or so, flute length 230mm, groove width 30mm, what is be finally reached is substantially electric
Performance indicator are as follows:
2MHz-4MHz input impedance: 0.2 Ω -0.4 Ω
2MHz-4MHz directional diagram: more than -25dB, maximum gain and least gain difference are less than 8dB for gain
Resonance frequency: 18.5MHz
As it can be seen that technology through the invention, high frequency loop line antenna has obtained preferably changing in the electrical performance indexes of low-frequency range
It is kind.Meanwhile resonance frequency reduces nearly 6MHz, can also be minimized to antenna size with this: single to be reduced to antenna length
Performance indicator when 2400mm and performance indicator when non-foreshortened length are essentially identical.
Emulation mode is as follows:
Step 1: by the loop line antenna of original size in HFSS modeling and simulating, record its every electrical performance indexes；
Step 2: three slots are successively opened in upper leptoprosopy middle position or so, to form meander effect；It is swept by HFSS parameter
It retouches, most preferably slots initial position according to antenna electric performance optimization；
Step 3: under the premise of length, width, the spacing of slot initial position and slot are constant, passing through HFSS parameter
Scanning is most preferably slotted quantity according to antenna electric performance optimization；
Step 4: under the premise of slotting initial position and constant fluting quantity, then determining length, width, the spacing three of slot
When person's optimum efficiency, the two in three is fixed, according to the antenna performance index optimization third party；
Step 5: the preferred plan of step 1-4 optimization being applied on original size antenna, is reduced as unit of 50mm
Antenna length；When antenna electric performance index and original size antenna electric performance index after reduction are not much different, day at this time
Linear dimension is maximum degree of miniaturization size.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of emulation mode of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna, the miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna includes opening
Terminal face, short-circuit end face, upper leptoprosopy and lower wide face, are presented on short-circuit end face with characteristic impedance for 50 Ω coaxial excitations, upper narrow
The right and left asymmetric slot that is provided in face forms a meander effect；It is characterized by the following steps: step 1: by original size
Loop line antenna modeling and simulating in HFSS records its every electrical performance indexes；
Step 2: three slots are successively opened in upper leptoprosopy middle position or so, to form meander effect；By HFSS parameter scanning, according to
It most preferably slots initial position according to antenna electric performance optimization；
Step 3: under the premise of length, width, the spacing of slot initial position and slot are constant, by HFSS parameter scanning,
It most preferably slots quantity according to antenna electric performance optimization；
Step 4: under the premise of slotting initial position and constant fluting quantity, then determining the length of slot, width, spacing three most
When good effect, the two in three is fixed, according to the antenna performance index optimization third party；
Step 5: the preferred plan of step 1-4 optimization being applied on original size antenna, reduces antenna as unit of 50mm
Length；When antenna electric performance index after reduction is identical as original size antenna electric performance index, antenna size at this time is
Maximum degree of miniaturization size.
2. emulation mode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the working frequency of antenna is 2MHz-30MHz, institute
The rectangle slot number for the miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna stated is 5, in upper leptoprosopy apart from short-circuit end 300mm, every 30mm
Successively open rectangular channel, flute length 230mm, groove width 30mm.
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| CN201610313268.XA CN106058439B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | A kind of emulation mode of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna |
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| CN201610313268.XA CN106058439B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | A kind of emulation mode of miniaturization meander loop line high frequency antenna |
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| CN106058439B true CN106058439B (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106887679B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2019-05-10 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of restructural shortwave loop line antenna |
| CN109145327B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-10-29 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Slotting setting method and device for microstrip antenna |
| CN108400430B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2021-08-17 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna device and terminal |
| CN110889220B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2023-03-17 | 北航（四川）西部国际创新港科技有限公司 | Novel ADS-B, TCAS antenna sharing method |
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| CN101924273A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 神讯电脑(昆山)有限公司 | Wireless local area network broadband dual-band antenna |
| CN102195127A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-21 | 神讯电脑(昆山)有限公司 | Double-frequency inverted-F-shaped antenna |
| CN104515940A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-15 | 西安交通大学 | Ultra-high-frequency sensor for monitoring partial discharge in switch cabinet online |
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2016
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101924273A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-12-22 | 神讯电脑(昆山)有限公司 | Wireless local area network broadband dual-band antenna |
| CN102195127A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-21 | 神讯电脑(昆山)有限公司 | Double-frequency inverted-F-shaped antenna |
| CN104515940A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-15 | 西安交通大学 | Ultra-high-frequency sensor for monitoring partial discharge in switch cabinet online |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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