A kind of functional coat barrier film and the battery containing this barrier film
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery diaphragm field, particularly relate to a kind of functional coat barrier film and the battery containing this barrier film.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is mainly made up of positive pole/negative material, electrolyte, barrier film and battery housing material.Barrier film is the important component part of lithium ion battery, play segmentation positive and negative electrode, prevent internal short-circuit of battery, permission electrolyte ion passes freely through, completing the effect of charge discharge process, its performance determines the interfacial structure of battery, internal resistance etc., directly affects the characteristics such as the capacity of battery, cycle performance and security performance, the barrier film of excellent performance has important effect to the combination property improving battery, is referred to as " the 3rd electrode of battery by industry.”
Along with the fast development of lithium ion battery, the energy density of battery is required more and more higher, with the raising of energy density, the combination property of battery is required that lifting is more and more higher, while ensureing cycle life, requires that battery has good security performance.The important component part of lithium ion battery made by barrier film, and the performance of battery is played crucial effect.The conventional satisfiable key property of polyalkene diaphragm, but the requirement of its security performance can not be met the most far away for high energy density cells, thus the functional barrier film with high safety performance arises at the historic moment.
P(VDF-HFP is coated at membrane surface) it is a kind of conventional method improving barrier film heat stability and security performance, coordinate heat stability, absorbency and mechanical performance all well inorganic nanoparticles simultaneously, heat stability and the chemical property of barrier film can be greatly improved.
Conventional P(VDF-HFP) coating barrier film generally uses P(VDF-HFP) solution, it is coated on polyalkene diaphragm surface, the barrier film using the method to prepare has good heat stability, simultaneously compared to common polyalkene diaphragm, coating P(VDF-HFP) barrier film there is stronger absorbent, the wellability of electrolyte can be improved.
Existing P(VDF-HFP) coating barrier film compares conventional polyolefin barrier film and has a more preferable heat stability, but owing to the security performance of electrokinetic cell is promoted limited by it, be used in greatly in small-sized 3C lithium ion battery.Along with the lifting of battery energy density, only coat P(VDF-HFP) can not meet the security performance requirement of electrokinetic cell.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of functional coat barrier film and the battery containing this barrier film.Conventional oil system P(VDF-HFP compared by the barrier film of the present invention) coating barrier film, there is more excellent adhesive property and heat resistance, improve the security performance of battery.Apply in novel silicon carbon battery, both can effectively suppress the expansion of silicon-carbon cathode, improve the cycle life of battery, the security performance of high-energy-density silicon-carbon battery core can be improved again simultaneously.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface;The slurry of preparing of described coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
The present invention is directed to P(VDF-HFP) coat the deficiency that barrier film exists, the inorganic nano ceramic particle using the combination of aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene binding agent to have high-fire resistance prepares functional coat barrier film, use coated separator prepared by the program, not only possess conventional oil system P(VDF-HFP) coating barrier film performance, there is more excellent adhesive property and heat resistance simultaneously, can effectively suppress coming off of barrier film contraction at high temperature and coating, prevent the generation of thermal runaway, improve the security performance of battery.Apply in novel silicon carbon battery, both can effectively suppress the expansion of silicon-carbon cathode, improve the cycle life of battery, the security performance of high-energy-density silicon-carbon battery core can be improved again simultaneously.
As preferably, the material of described polyolefin base material is one or both mixture in polypropylene, polyethylene.
As preferably, the thickness of described polyolefin base material is 15-25 micron.
As preferably, described the two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating.
As preferably, the thickness of described coating is 1.0-2.5 micron.
As preferably, described coating prepare inorganic nano ceramic particle in slurry, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, hydroxymethyl cellulose glue mass ratio for (94-95): (1.5-2.5): (3-3.8), the solid content of hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
As preferably, preparing of described coating also includes silk-extract in slurry, wherein inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, hydroxymethyl cellulose glue, the mass ratio of silk-extract are (94-95): (1.5-2.5): (1.5-2.5): (1-2), and the solid content of hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%;Described silk-extract is prepared by following methods: is added to by Silk Powder and carries out steaming and decocting in boiling water, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1-2g/100mL, and boiling temperature is 98-100 DEG C, digestion time 1-2h;Then in boiling water, add the potassium carbonate that quality is Silk Powder quality 0.5-1.5 times, at 60-70 DEG C, then react 0.5h, filter after reaction, take filtrate, after filtrate being spray-dried, i.e. prepare silk-extract.
The silk-extract purity that said method prepares is high, there is after being dissolved in water outstanding caking property, membrane surface is coated after compounding with aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene and water, coating is after coating in follow-up drying, hot pressing, silk-extract and aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene synergism, the conjugation of coating and barrier film base material can be greatly improved, also can strengthen the cohesive of barrier film and pole piece simultaneously, reduce the gap between barrier film and pole piece, not only reduce battery volume, and it is prevented from cell expansion, strengthen battery performance.
As preferably, described inorganic nano ceramic particle is one or both mixture in nano-aluminium oxide and nano silicon, and the particle diameter of described inorganic nano ceramic particle is 400-800 nanometer.
As preferably, described functional coat barrier film is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material.
As preferably, after battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 60-80 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 1-2MPa is suppressed, and the press time is the 25-35 second.
After barrier film is assemblied in battery, due to the character of coated substance on barrier film of the present invention, the hot-pressing processing coordinating special process can be effectively improved the cohesive force of barrier film and positive/negative plate, particularly soft-package battery, can effectively reduce the space between barrier film and pole piece, reduce the volume of battery, suppress battery expansion in cyclic process, improve the life-span of battery.
It is compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, functional barrier film uses Water-Based Paint, relative to oil system P(VDF-HFP) coated separator, water system PVDF binding agent has higher cohesive force, and coating expansion rate is low, effectively suppresses the volumetric expansion of battery.
2, Water-Based Paint has lower internal resistance relative to oil system coating, can be effectively improved multiplying power and the cycle performance of battery.
3, comparing the coating of oil system, the thickness of Water-Based Paint is easy to control, easily prepares microthin coating, is beneficial to control the thickness of battery.
4, Water-Based Paint is environmentally friendly relative to oil system coating, more environmentally friendly.
5, applying at Soft Roll silicon-carbon battery, functional coat barrier film can effectively suppress the volumetric expansion of silicon-carbon cathode, improves the cycle performance of battery;Water-Based Paint inorganic nanoparticles has excellent heat resistance, can effectively suppress diaphragm retracts, improves the heat stability of barrier film, improves the security performance of battery core.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the barrier film of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the impedance of control sample and cohesive force comparison diagram;
Fig. 2 is the battery expansion rate comparison diagram with control sample of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface.
Wherein, the material of polyolefin base material is polypropylene;The thickness of polyolefin base material is 20 microns.
The two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating;The thickness of coating is 1.75 microns.The slurry of preparing of coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
Inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, the mass ratio of hydroxymethyl cellulose glue are 94.5:2:3.4.
The solid content of above-mentioned hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
Above-mentioned inorganic nano ceramic particle be particle diameter be the nano-aluminium oxide of 500-600 nanometer.
A kind of battery containing functional coat barrier film, is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material by described functional coat barrier film.
After battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 70 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 1.5MPa is suppressed, and the press time is 30 seconds.
Embodiment 2
A kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface.
Wherein, the material of polyolefin base material is polyethylene;The thickness of polyolefin base material is 15 microns.
The two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating;The thickness of coating is 1.0 microns.The slurry of preparing of coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
Inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, the mass ratio of hydroxymethyl cellulose glue are 94:2.5:3.8.
The solid content of above-mentioned hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
Above-mentioned inorganic nano ceramic particle be particle diameter be the nano silicon of 400-500 nanometer.
A kind of battery containing functional coat barrier film, is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material by described functional coat barrier film.
After battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 60 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 1MPa is suppressed, and the press time is 35 seconds.
Embodiment 3
A kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface.
Wherein, the material of polyolefin base material is polyethylene;The thickness of polyolefin base material is 15 microns.
The two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating;The thickness of coating is 1.0 microns.The slurry of preparing of coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
Inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, the mass ratio of hydroxymethyl cellulose glue are 95:1.5:3.
The solid content of above-mentioned hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
Above-mentioned inorganic nano ceramic particle be particle diameter be the nano silicon of 400-500 nanometer.
A kind of battery containing functional coat barrier film, is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material by described functional coat barrier film.
After battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 60 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 1MPa is suppressed, and the press time is 35 seconds.
Embodiment 4
A kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface.
Wherein, the material of polyolefin base material is the equal amount of mixture of polypropylene, polyethylene;The thickness of polyolefin base material is 25 microns.
The two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating;The thickness of coating is 2.5 microns.The slurry of preparing of coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle, silk-extract and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
Inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, hydroxymethyl cellulose glue, the mass ratio of silk-extract are 94:2.5:2.5:1,.
The solid content of above-mentioned hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
Above-mentioned inorganic nano ceramic particle be particle diameter be nano-aluminium oxide and the equal amount of mixture of nano silicon of 600-800 nanometer.
Above-mentioned silk-extract is prepared by following methods: is added to by Silk Powder and carries out steaming and decocting in boiling water, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 2g/100mL, and boiling temperature is 100 DEG C, digestion time 1h;Then in boiling water, add the potassium carbonate that quality is Silk Powder quality 1.5 times, at 70 DEG C, then react 0.5h, filter after reaction, take filtrate, after filtrate being spray-dried, i.e. prepare silk-extract.
A kind of battery containing functional coat barrier film, is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material by described functional coat barrier film.
After battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 80 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 2MPa is suppressed, and the press time is 25 seconds.
Embodiment 5
A kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface.
Wherein, the material of polyolefin base material is polypropylene;The thickness of polyolefin base material is 22 microns.
The two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating;The thickness of coating is 2 microns.The slurry of preparing of coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle, silk-extract and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
Inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, hydroxymethyl cellulose glue, the mass ratio of silk-extract are 95:1.5:1.5:2.
The solid content of above-mentioned hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
Above-mentioned inorganic nano ceramic particle be particle diameter be the nano silicon of 500-600 nanometer.
Above-mentioned silk-extract is prepared by following methods: is added to by Silk Powder and carries out steaming and decocting in boiling water, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1g/100mL, and boiling temperature is 98 DEG C, digestion time 2h;Then in boiling water, add the potassium carbonate that quality is Silk Powder quality 0.5 times, at 60 DEG C, then react 0.5h, filter after reaction, take filtrate, after filtrate being spray-dried, i.e. prepare silk-extract.
A kind of battery containing functional coat barrier film, is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material by described functional coat barrier film.
After battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 70 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 1.5MPa is suppressed, and the press time is 30 seconds.
Embodiment 6
A kind of functional coat barrier film, is made up of polyolefin base material and the coating coating described polyolefin substrate surface.
Wherein, the material of polyolefin base material is polyethylene;The thickness of polyolefin base material is 18 microns.
The two-sided of polyolefin base material has been coated with coating;The thickness of coating is 1.5 microns.The slurry of preparing of coating includes aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, inorganic nano ceramic particle, silk-extract and hydroxymethyl cellulose glue.
Inorganic nano ceramic particle, aqueous polyvinylidene fluorothene, hydroxymethyl cellulose glue, the mass ratio of silk-extract are 94.5:2:2:1.5),.
The solid content of above-mentioned hydroxymethyl cellulose glue is 1.35wt%.
Above-mentioned inorganic nano ceramic particle be particle diameter be the nano-aluminium oxide of 600-800 nanometer.
Above-mentioned silk-extract is prepared by following methods: is added to by Silk Powder and carries out steaming and decocting in boiling water, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1.5g/100mL, and boiling temperature is 99 DEG C, digestion time 1.5h;Then in boiling water, add the potassium carbonate that quality is Silk Powder quality 1 times, at 65 DEG C, then react 0.5h, filter after reaction, take filtrate, after filtrate being spray-dried, i.e. prepare silk-extract.
A kind of battery containing functional coat barrier film, is used as the barrier film of lithium ion battery with silicon carbon material as negative electrode active material by described functional coat barrier film.
After battery injects electrolyte, being placed in by battery in 65 DEG C of environment, the pressure that battery applies 1.5MPa is suppressed, and the press time is 30 seconds.
Diaphragm impedance is tested with cohesive force
Barrier film in embodiment 1 and control sample 1, the barrier film of control sample 2 being carried out impedance test with cohesive force, test condition is 50 DEG C, 40s, 3MPa.Wherein the barrier film of the barrier film of control sample 1 and embodiment 1 be distinguished as there is no coating;The barrier film of control sample 2 is oil system P(VDF-HFP with the coating that is distinguished as of the barrier film of embodiment 1) coating.
Testing result as it is shown in figure 1, the barrier film of embodiment 1 and the cohesive force of negative pole are far longer than control sample 1, control sample 2,;And the impedance of the barrier film of embodiment 1 is only slightly greater than control sample 1, well below control sample 2.
Cell expansion rate is tested
To the barrier film of the barrier film in embodiment 1 and control sample 2 after being assembled in the battery communicated, carry out expansion rate test after circulating battery.
Fig. 2 is the X ray CT figure before and after circulating battery, as shown in Figure 2, X ray CT figure before A is circulating battery in Fig. 2, recording expansion rate is 0%, after the circulating battery identical time, X ray CT figure after B is control sample 2 circulating battery in Fig. 2, recording expansion rate is 4%, X ray CT figure after C is embodiment 1 circulating battery in Fig. 2, and recording expansion rate is 15%, therefore the expansion rate of embodiment 1 is well below the expansion rate of control sample 2, and therefore security performance is more preferable.
Raw materials used, equipment in the present invention, unless otherwise noted, is the conventional raw material of this area, equipment;Method therefor in the present invention, unless otherwise noted, is the conventional method of this area.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not impose any restrictions the present invention, every any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation made above example according to the technology of the present invention essence, all still falls within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.