CN106055763B - A kind of data processing method and device for the mechanics of materials - Google Patents

A kind of data processing method and device for the mechanics of materials Download PDF

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CN106055763B
CN106055763B CN201610356147.3A CN201610356147A CN106055763B CN 106055763 B CN106055763 B CN 106055763B CN 201610356147 A CN201610356147 A CN 201610356147A CN 106055763 B CN106055763 B CN 106055763B
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CN106055763A (en
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赖兴华
尹斌
黄毅
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Suzhou Automotive Research Institute of Tsinghua University
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    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of data processing methods and device for the mechanics of materials.Wherein method is using in a computer, comprising: obtains the original experiment data of material to be processed;The original experiment data is analyzed and processed, the material mechanical parameters of the material to be processed are extracted.By the invention it is possible to quickly, efficiently, accurately carry out processing calculating to test data, material mechanical parameters are extracted, directly establish material model, to simplify flow chart of data processing, the workload of data processing is alleviated, the reliability of data processing is improved.

Description

A kind of data processing method and device for the mechanics of materials
Technical field
The present invention relates at mechanics of materials field more particularly to a kind of data that can automatically process mechanics of materials relevant parameter Manage method and device.
Background technique
In recent years, invention lightweighting materials are increasingly developed.To apply invention material more fully, need to establish it Relevant mechanics of materials model.Parameter needed for establishing complete, accurate material model must be determining by test data, especially It is static materials test data.However, being related to greatly from original experiment data to the whole process that final material mechanical model is established The data processing of amount, and this data handling procedure is relatively cumbersome, and needs to take considerable time, seriously reduces product development Efficiency.Currently, also resting on artificial calculating for the processing of static materials test data, manual parameter extraction, this is not only time-consuming Effort, and inefficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of data processing method and device for the mechanics of materials, quick, efficient, Accurately original experiment data processing is calculated to extract material mechanical parameters, quickly establishes material model, is mitigated artificial The workload of data processing improves the reliability of data processing.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of data processing method for the mechanics of materials, using in a computer, comprising:
Obtain the original experiment data of material to be processed;
The original experiment data is analyzed and processed, the material mechanical parameters of the material to be processed are extracted.
Preferably, the data processing method further include:
The material mechanical parameters are inputted in finite element model, mechanics of materials model is established.
Preferably, the data processing method further include:
Homologous thread is generated according to the original experiment data and is shown;
And/or;
Homologous thread is generated according to the material mechanical parameters and is shown.
Preferably,
The original experiment data for obtaining material to be processed includes:
Read load-time data of the material to be processed of universal testing machine record, the material to be processed of non-contact calculating Engineering strain-time data, non-contact calculating material to be processed longitudinal strain-transverse strain data and to receive user defeated The length of the thickness of the material to be processed entered, width and gauge length section;
It is described that the original experiment data is analyzed and processed, extract the material mechanical performance ginseng of the material to be processed Number includes:
Be calculated according to the original experiment data take the material to be processed engineering stress-engineering strain data, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, tensile strength, proof strength, yield strength, maximum, force breaking elongation, maximum, force plasticity are prolonged Stretch rate, fracture breaking elongation, elongation after fracture, characteristic strain rate, surrender-tension section engineering stress-engineering strain data, right The surrender answered-tension section plastic strain-true stress data;
Being fitted to surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress data of extraction and being extrapolated to plastic strain is 1, Obtain fitting extrapolated data.
Preferably,
It generates homologous thread according to the original experiment data and shows and include:
Load-time graph, engineering strain-time graph, longitudinal direction are generated according to the original experiment data of material to be processed Strain-transverse strain curve is shown;
It generates homologous thread according to the material mechanical parameters and shows and include:
Engineering stress-engineering strain curve is generated according to the material mechanical parameters, surrender-tension section engineering is answered Plastic strain-true stress curve of power-engineering strain curve and corresponding surrender-tension section.
Preferably, the data processing method further include:
The normal data of the original experiment data and the material to be processed is compared, if not meeting the criterion numeral According to then reacquiring the original experiment data.
Preferably, the data processing method further include:
The fine tuning to yield strength for receiving user's input is instructed and is instructed according to the fine tuning in the engineering stress-work It is finely adjusted on journey strain curve;
Using the corresponding yield strength of the yield point after fine tuning as revised yield strength.
Preferably, the data processing method further include:
According to the first output order of user, the original experiment data of corresponding test is exported to corresponding table In;
According to the second output order of user, the material mechanical parameters of corresponding test are exported to corresponding In table.
Another aspect of the present invention additionally provides a kind of data processing equipment for the mechanics of materials, comprising:
Original experiment data acquiring unit, for obtaining the original experiment data of material to be processed;
Parameter extraction unit extracts the material to be processed for being analyzed and processed to the original experiment data Material mechanical parameters.
Preferably, the data processing equipment further include:
Curve generates display unit, for raw according to the original experiment data and/or the material mechanical parameters At homologous thread and show;
And/or;
Unit is corrected, for comparing the normal data of the original experiment data and the material to be processed, if not Meet the normal data, then original experiment data acquiring unit is made to reacquire the original experiment data;
And/or;
Fine-adjusting unit, the fine tuning to yield strength for receiving user's input are instructed and are instructed according to the fine tuning in institute It states and is finely adjusted on engineering stress-engineering strain curve using the corresponding yield strength of yield point after finely tuning as revised Yield strength.
By the invention it is possible to quickly, efficiently, accurately carry out processing calculating to test data, the mechanics of materials is extracted Energy parameter directly establishes material model and alleviates the workload of data processing to simplify flow chart of data processing, improve The reliability of data processing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structure chart;
Fig. 2-6 is apparatus of the present invention system interface figure;
Fig. 7-9 is the curve graph generated in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10-16 is the functional schematic of each button of curve generation unit of the present invention;
Figure 17-19 is that raw experimental data of the present invention obtains data output schematic diagram;
Figure 20 is present invention fitting extrapolated data output schematic diagram;
Figure 21 is the method for the present invention flow chart.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of device that can automatically process mechanics of materials original experiment data, as shown in Figure 1, the dress It sets and includes:
Original experiment data acquiring unit 11, for obtaining the original experiment data of material to be processed;
Parameter extraction unit 12 extracts the material to be processed for being analyzed and processed to the original experiment data Material mechanical parameters.
Above-mentioned original experiment data may include load-time data of material to be processed, non-contact calculating it is to be processed The longitudinal strain of the material to be processed of the engineering strain of material-time data, non-contact calculating-transverse strain data simultaneously receive use The length of the thickness of material to be processed of family input, width and gauge length section.
The material mechanical parameters of the material to be processed extracted accordingly may include the engineering stress-of material to be processed Engineering strain data, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, tensile strength, proof strength, yield strength, maximum, force breaking elongation, Maximum, force plastic elongation rate, fracture breaking elongation, elongation after fracture, characteristic strain rate, surrender-tension section engineering stress-work Journey strain, corresponding surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress data and surrender-tension section plasticity to extraction It is 1 obtained fitting extrapolated data that strain-true stress data, which are fitted and are extrapolated to plastic strain,.Fitting extrapolation can be based on Swift-Hockett-Sherby model.
To be more intuitive, apparatus of the present invention further include that curve generates display unit 13, for according to the original experimentation number According to and/or the material mechanical parameters generate and homologous thread and show.
Specifically, curve, which generates display unit 13, to generate load-time according to the original experiment data of material to be processed Curve, engineering strain-time graph, longitudinal strain-transverse strain curve carry out display and are joined according to the material mechanical performance It is anti-that number generates engineering stress-engineering strain curve, surrender-tension section engineering stress-engineering strain curve and corresponding surrender- Draw plastic strain-true stress curve of section.
Original experiment data is shown with curve can be also used for the subsequent correction to original experiment data.For example, Load-time graph of metal there will necessarily be resilient deformation section, uniform plastic deformation section and local plastic deformation section;Its engineering is answered Change-time graph also must be incremental trend, and longitudinal strain-transverse strain slope must be negative.If response curve is not Meet the above characteristic, must be the failure to correctly read original experiment data, new original experiment data need to be imported again.
Accordingly, apparatus of the present invention further include correction unit 14, are used for above-mentioned original experiment data and the material to be processed The normal data of material compares, if not meeting the normal data, makes described in the reacquisition of original experiment data acquiring unit Original experiment data.Load-time graph resilient deformation section of the such as above-mentioned metal of the normal data etc..
It should be noted that the correction can be by user oneself observe curve carry out, be also possible to computer according to Curve carries out automatically, can also be that computer is carried out according to original experiment data itself, i.e., carries out independent of curve.
For the yield strength in obtained performance parameter, it is sometimes desirable to be modified, especially to there is obvious surrender Material.For example, when test material is the metal material obviously surrendered, then nonproportional cyclic straining is not measured usually (Rp0.2), yield strength be exactly yield point stress (sample during the test power do not increase remain to continue elongation when answering Power).Yield point is usually obvious catastrophe point, it is easy to identify on engineering stress-engineering strain curve, and generally exist Near Rp0.2, therefore it can be finely adjusted on engineering stress-engineering strain curve to obtain yield point, and read corresponding stress value (yield strength Rp).
Accordingly, apparatus of the present invention further include fine-adjusting unit 15, for receiving referring to the fine tuning of yield strength for user's input It enables and is finely adjusted on the engineering stress-engineering strain curve according to the fine tuning instruction with the yield point pair after finely tuning The yield strength answered is as revised yield strength.
Apparatus of the present invention further may also include data outputting unit 16, correspond to for being exported according to the output order of user The original experiment data or performance parameter of test are to corresponding table.
The following are the description of the data processing equipment based on matlab, Fig. 2 is the data processing surface chart of the device, the dress Set interface include original experiment data reading unit (original data), parameter extraction unit (Data Computation Unit, Calculate), data outputting unit (output) and curve generate display unit.Fig. 3-6 respectively illustrates original experiment data Reading unit (original data), parameter extraction unit (Data Computation Unit, calculate), data outputting unit (output) and curve generates display unit.
The original experiment data of Fig. 3 read it is single, [Read MDB] button be used to read universal testing machine record load-when Between data;[Read CSV (Strain)] button is used to read engineering strain-time data of non-contact calculating;[Read CSV (Poisson)] button is used to read longitudinal strain-transverse strain data of non-contact calculating.Thickness frame is used for Input the thickness of sample;Width frame is used to input the width of sample;Gauge Length frame is used to input the length of sample marking distance section Degree.[Force vs Time] button is used to for load-time graph to be shown in curve and generate in display unit;[Strain vs Time] button is for showing engineering strain-time graph;[eyy vs exx] button for showing longitudinal strain-transverse strain, Shown in following Fig. 7-Fig. 9.Original experiment data curve shows whether the correction being mainly used for original experiment data, correction are quasi- Really have read original experiment data.
The curve of Fig. 4 generates display unit, and [Stress-Strain] button is answered for display material engineering stress-engineering Varied curve;[Poisson] button is for calculating and showing Poisson's ratio in Poisson frame;[Modulus] button for calculate and Modulus frame shows Young's modulus;[Parameters] button for calculate separately and Rm, Rt, Rp0.2, Agt, Ag, At, A, tensile strength, proof strength, yield strength, maximum, force breaking elongation, maximum, force modeling are shown in Strain Rate frame Property elongation percentage, fracture breaking elongation, elongation after fracture, characteristic strain rate;[Rp-Rm] button is for extracting and showing that surrender-is anti- Engineering stress-engineering strain curve of section is drawn, and calculates corresponding surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress data; [Fit] button is for being fitted to surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress data of extraction and being extrapolated to plastic strain It is 1, fitting extrapolation is based on Swift-Hockett-Sherby model;[Rp--], [Rp-], [Rp+], [Rp++] button for pair The amendment of yield strength shows yield strength mainly in the presence of the material obviously surrendered, and in Rp frame.Above-mentioned push button function, As shown in Figure 10-Figure 16.
The data outputting unit of Fig. 5, [NO.1], [NO.2], [NO.3] button are used for output test data, and system default will Data are exported to being named as in the excel of ' ZJT ' after processing, and No.1 represents the 1st test, and No.2 is represented the 2nd time, and No.3 is represented 3rd time, output data is as shown in Figure 17-Figure 19.[Fit1], [Fit 2], [Fit 3] button are fitted extrapolated data for exporting, For establishing mechanics of materials model.Extrapolated data is exported the sheet4 into the excel for being named as ' ZJT ', 1 generation of Fit by system default Table the 1st time test, Fit 2 are represented the 2nd time, and Fit 3 is represented the 3rd time, and output data is as shown in figure 20.
Material data needed for fitting extrapolated data, that is, final material model foundation of this system final output, can be directly defeated Enter in finite element model, establishes mechanics of materials model.
Corresponding to the above device, it the present invention also provides a kind of data processing method for mechanics of materials model, answers For in computer, as shown in figure 21, comprising:
S11, the original experiment data for obtaining material to be processed.
It is specific for read load-time data of the material to be processed of universal testing machine record, non-contact calculating to It handles engineering strain-time data of material, longitudinal strain-transverse strain data of the material to be processed of non-contact calculating and connects Receive the length of the thickness of material to be processed of user's input, width and gauge length section;
In a particular embodiment, the normal data of the original experiment data and the material to be processed can also be opposed Than reacquiring the original experiment data if not meeting the normal data.
S12, the original experiment data is analyzed and processed, extracts the material mechanical performance ginseng of the material to be processed Number.
Be calculated according to the original experiment data take the material to be processed engineering stress-engineering strain data, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, tensile strength, proof strength, yield strength, maximum, force breaking elongation, maximum, force plasticity are prolonged Stretch rate, fracture breaking elongation, elongation after fracture, characteristic strain rate, surrender-tension section engineering stress-engineering strain data, right The surrender answered-tension section plastic strain-true stress data.To surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress of extraction It is 1 that data, which are fitted and are extrapolated to plastic strain, obtains fitting extrapolated data.
In a particular embodiment, the fine tuning to yield strength that also can receive user's input instructs and is referred to according to the fine tuning Order is finely adjusted on the engineering stress-engineering strain curve and using the corresponding yield strength of the yield point after fine tuning as repairing Yield strength after just.
S13, the material mechanical parameters are inputted in finite element model, establishes mechanics of materials model.
Preferably, the data processing method further include:
Homologous thread is generated according to the original experiment data and is shown, such as according to the original experiment data of material to be processed Generation load-time graph, engineering strain-time graph, longitudinal strain-transverse strain curve are shown;
And/or;
Homologous thread is generated according to the material mechanical parameters and is shown, such as according to the material mechanical parameters Generate engineering stress-engineering strain curve, surrender-tension section engineering stress-engineering strain curve and corresponding surrender-tension Plastic strain-true stress curve of section.
Above-mentioned data are exportable, specifically, can be according to the first output order of user, by the described original of corresponding test Test data is exported into corresponding table;According to the second output order of user, by the mechanics of materials of corresponding test Performance parameter is exported into corresponding table.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of data processing method for the mechanics of materials, using in a computer, which is characterized in that the data processing side Method includes:
The original experiment data for obtaining material to be processed, including read universal testing machine record material to be processed load-when Between data, engineering strain-time data of the material to be processed of non-contact calculating, non-contact calculating material to be processed longitudinal direction Strain-transverse strain data and the length for receiving the thickness of material to be processed of user's input, width and gauge length section;
The original experiment data is analyzed and processed, extracts the material mechanical parameters of the material to be processed, specifically Including be calculated according to the original experiment data engineering stress-engineering strain data of the material to be processed, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, proof strength, yield strength, maximum, force breaking elongation, maximum, force plastic elongation rate, is broken at tensile strength Split breaking elongation, elongation after fracture, characteristic strain rate, surrender-tension section engineering stress-engineering strain data, it is corresponding bend Clothes-tension section plastic strain-true stress data;
Being fitted to surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress data of extraction and being extrapolated to plastic strain is 1, is obtained It is fitted extrapolated data.
2. data processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing method further include:
The material mechanical parameters are inputted in finite element model, mechanics of materials model is established.
3. data processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing method further include:
Homologous thread is generated according to the original experiment data and is shown;
And/or;
Homologous thread is generated according to the material mechanical parameters and is shown.
4. data processing method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
It generates homologous thread according to the original experiment data and shows and include:
Load-time graph, engineering strain-time graph, longitudinal strain-are generated according to the original experiment data of material to be processed Transverse strain curve is shown;
It generates homologous thread according to the material mechanical parameters and shows and include:
Engineering stress-engineering strain curve, surrender-tension section engineering stress-are generated according to the material mechanical parameters Plastic strain-true stress curve of engineering strain curve and corresponding surrender-tension section.
5. data processing method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the data processing method further include:
The normal data of the original experiment data and the material to be processed is compared, if not meeting the normal data, Then reacquire the original experiment data.
6. data processing method as described in claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the data processing method further include:
The fine tuning to yield strength for receiving user's input is instructed and is instructed according to the fine tuning and answered in the engineering stress-engineering It is finely adjusted on varied curve;
Using the corresponding yield strength of the yield point after fine tuning as revised yield strength.
7. data processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing method further include:
According to the first output order of user, the original experiment data of corresponding test is exported into corresponding table;
According to the second output order of user, the material mechanical parameters of corresponding test are exported to corresponding table In.
8. a kind of data processing equipment for the mechanics of materials, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Original experiment data acquiring unit, for obtaining the original experiment data of material to be processed, the original experiment data packet Include load-time data of material to be processed, engineering strain-time data of the material to be processed of non-contact calculating, non-contact Longitudinal strain-transverse strain data of the material to be processed calculated and thickness, the width for receiving the material to be processed that user inputs And the length of gauge length section;
Parameter extraction unit extracts the material of the material to be processed for being analyzed and processed to the original experiment data Mechanical property parameters, the material mechanical parameters of the material to be processed extracted include that the engineering of material to be processed is answered Power-engineering strain data, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, tensile strength, proof strength, yield strength, maximum, force overall elongation Rate, maximum, force plastic elongation rate, fracture breaking elongation, elongation after fracture, characteristic strain rate, surrender-tension section engineering stress- Engineering strain, corresponding surrender-tension section plastic strain-true stress data and surrender-tension section modeling to extraction Property strain-true stress data be fitted be extrapolated to plastic strain be 1 obtained fitting extrapolated data.
9. data processing equipment as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the data processing equipment further include:
Curve generates display unit, for according to the original experiment data and/or material mechanical parameters generation pair It answers curve and shows;
And/or;
Unit is corrected, for comparing the normal data of the original experiment data and the material to be processed, if not meeting The normal data then makes original experiment data acquiring unit reacquire the original experiment data;
And/or;
Fine-adjusting unit, the fine tuning to yield strength for receiving user's input is instructed and instructed according to the fine tuning answers in engineering It is finely adjusted on power-engineering strain curve strong using the corresponding yield strength of yield point after finely tuning as revised surrender Degree.
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