CN106055278A - Light-weight realization method based on qcow2 format incremental snapshot - Google Patents
Light-weight realization method based on qcow2 format incremental snapshot Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
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- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0604—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
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- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0638—Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/067—Distributed or networked storage systems, e.g. storage area networks [SAN], network attached storage [NAS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light-weight realization method based on a qcow2 format incremental snapshot. The method comprises the following steps of Step 1, creating a basic volume by using an image template as a backing file and creating a basic snapshot; Step 2, creating mutually associated son volumes from a zeroth stage son volume to a (t+1)-th stage son volume by using the basic volume as the backing file; Step 3, at least performing once merging operation of reversely merging on all of a plurality of mutually associated son volumes from the zeroth stage son volume to the (t+1)-th stage son volume generated by the zeroth son volume into a parent volume corresponding to t-th stage son volume; setting the backing file of the (t+1)-th stage son volume into a parent volume corresponding to the t-th son volume; Step 4, setting the backing file of the zeroth son volume into the basic snapshot; and using the backing file of the t-th sub volume as the (t-1)-th stage incremental snapshot corresponding to the (t-1)-th stage son volume. By using the method provided by the invention, the problem of read-write performance reduction of a cloud drive caused by the too long volume link can be effectively solved; and the calculation expenditure is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cloud computing technical field of memory, particularly relate to a kind of light weight based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot
Change implementation method.
Background technology
KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is built in linux kernel, is that one is hardware based completely
Virtualization system.KVM basic structure is made up of KVM Driver and qemu.Wherein, KVM Driver has had become as in Linux
One module of core, and it is responsible for creating read/write and the operation etc. of virtual machine, the distribution of virtual memory, virtual cpu depositor.
Qemu is to operate in an application program in HOST OS (host operating system), and stores void with the form of host file
Plan machine hard disc data, and two kinds of conventional file formats of raw and qcow2 are provided.Qcow2 provides copy-on-write technique (copy-
On-write, cow), data block is only allocated when updating, and provides snapshot (snapshot functions).Qemu is used for simulating
The user's space assembly of PC hardware, it is provided that the device model such as hard disk, network and the approach of access.
Cloud computing platform supports the cloud hard disk of multiple storage mode, and qcow2 is a kind of image file lattice that qemu is supported
Formula.The characteristics such as qcow2 has copy-on-write, zlib compression, AES encryption, wherein, achieve at cloud hard based on copy-on-write characteristic
The multiple system disk image files of quick establishment in dish, and then open the flow process of virtual machine, multiple system disk image files have altogether
Same backup file (base file).When the cloud hard disk of qcow2 form is done snapshot, it is substantially with current active dish
The image file of a new qcow2 form is created for backup file (backing file).
When user increases data, need to make to create operation, deletion action by image file frequently.But, mirror image is fast
According to create operation with deletion action need whether be in carry state and the virtual machine shape of institute's carry according to current cloud hard disk
State is divided into online snapshot and off-line snapshot.Online snapshot needs mourn in silence file system and establishment snapshot by calling Libvirt
Interface realizes；And off-line snapshot need not mutual with qemu, but realized by qemu-img instrument.Of the prior art
This online snapshot creates operation and deletion action and incremental snapshot function, although ensure that user and cloud hard disk to a certain extent
Between data access business do not interrupt.But, along with the increase of snapshot quantity, the snapshot chain formed between multiple snapshots is also
Can be elongated, and then make total volume chain elongated, therefore can strong influence to user perform various read-write operation time cloud hard disk
Readwrite performance；Additionally, due to snapshot chain is on volume chain, therefore when volume is in carry state, need and qemu when deleting snapshot
Alternately, thus cause expense relatively big, operation complexity.
Shown in ginseng Fig. 1, volume chain 30 comprises multiple sub-volume that is mutually related, is created posterior sub-volume and comprises and be created in
The first incremental data in son volume.But, if the data read in the son volume in a certain moment being created formerly, it is necessary to root
Inversely read according to the direction of multiple snapshots that are mutually related in volume chain 30 (i.e. i-stage volume is to the 0th grade of son volume).Therefore,
When roll up chain 30 become the longest time, will result in read be created formerly certain height volume in data time computing cost relatively
Greatly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to disclose a kind of lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot, it is to avoid because of
The defect that long the caused cloud disk read-write performance of volume chain reduces, and simplify the deletion action flow process of online incremental snapshot, fall
Low computing cost.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses a kind of lightweight based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot to realize
Method, comprises the following steps:
S1, with mirror image template for backup file create basis volume and create basis snapshot；
S2, with basis volume for backup file create be mutually related the 0th grade son volume to t+i level roll up；
S3, to by the 0th grade son volume generated multiple be mutually related t level volume with t+i-1 level roll up between
All sub-volumes at least do the union operation the most inversely integrating with the father's volume corresponding to described t level volume, are rolled up by t+i level
Backup file be set to t level volume corresponding to father volume；
S4, by the 0th grade son volume backup file be set to described basis snapshot, using t level roll up backup file as
T-1 level incremental snapshot corresponding to t-1 level volume；
Wherein, described t takes the integer more than or equal to 1, and i takes the integer more than or equal to 1.
In some embodiments, the multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related in described step S2 form at least one link.
In some embodiments, the multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related in described step S2 are chain backbone.
In some embodiments, the multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related in described step S2 are tree-shaped framework.
In some embodiments, described step 3 also includes: multiple be mutually related to generate by the 0th grade of son volume
All sub-volume between t level volume and t+i-1 level volume the most inversely integrates with the father's volume corresponding to described t level volume
Union operation, by t+i level roll up backup file be set to t level volume corresponding to father volume.
In some embodiments, to multiple t level volume and the t+i-of being mutually related generated by the 0th grade of son volume
All sub-volume between 1 grade of son volume jumps and inversely integrates with the union operation of the father's volume corresponding to described t level volume, by t+
The backup file of i level volume is set to the father's volume corresponding to t level volume.
In some embodiments, described " create basis snapshot " is particularly as follows: with basis volume for input, and utilizes qemu-
Img instrument creates basis snapshot.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the present invention, effectively reduce because of the volume long institute of chain
The problem that the cloud disk read-write performance caused reduces, and simplify the deletion action flow process of online incremental snapshot, reduce calculating
Expense.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 by prior art medium cloud hard disk through multiple snapshots obtain the cycle formed comprise incremental data and this increasing thereof
The schematic diagram of the corresponding multiple snapshots formed of amount data；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be a kind of lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot of the present invention t take 1 and i take 1 time enter
Row the most reverse union operation is to integrate with the schematic diagram in the volume of basis；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of incremental snapshot obtained in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is that the many height in volume chain roll up schematic diagram that is interrelated and that form tree-shaped framework；
Fig. 6 is that a kind of lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot of the present invention is the most inversely being closed
And operate to integrate with the schematic diagram in the volume of basis；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of incremental snapshot obtained in Fig. 6.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail for each embodiment shown in below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should explanation, these
Embodiment not limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art according to these embodiment institute work energy, method,
Or the equivalent transformation in structure or replacement, within belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
The application scenarios of a kind of lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot of the present invention is put down for virtualization cloud
Platform medium cloud hard disk does snapshot operation.Cloud hard disk includes system disk and data disks, and cloud hard disk uses qcow2 image file form.Cloud
Platform management system includes computing module, memory module, and wherein computing module is responsible for the management of life cycle of virtual machine, its end
Layer uses QEMU-KVM Hypervisor, and memory module is responsible for cloud hard disk and snapshot.Cloud hard disk can carry to virtual machine.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 7, qcow2 image file form obtained the time set by snapshot along with backstage
During threshold value T, the process that implements of acquired multiple establishments impinging upon the establishment of online snapshot, off-line snapshot soon is carried out in detail
Describe, to realize lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot.
Embodiment one:
As shown in figures 2 and 5, a kind of based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot the lightweight shown by present embodiment is real
Existing method, comprises the following steps: step S1, create basis volume 20 with mirror image template 10 for backup file, and is created by basis volume 20
Build basis snapshot 400；Step S2, with basis volume 20 for backup file create be mutually related the 0th grade son volume to t+i level volume
307, these t+i+1 son volume defines volume chain 30；Step S3, multiple it is mutually related to generate by the 0th grade of son volume 311
All sub-volume between t level volume 306 and t+i-1 level volume 305 at least does the most inversely integrates with described t level volume
The union operation of the father's volume (i.e. t+i-1 level volume 305) corresponding to 306, by the backup file of t+i level volume 307
(backing file) is set to t level volume father's volume (i.e. t+i-1 level volume 305) corresponding to 306；Step S4, by the 0th
The backup file of level son volume 311 is set to described basis snapshot 400, using the backup file of t level volume 306 as t+i-1
Level son volume t-1 level incremental snapshot corresponding to 305；Wherein, described t takes the integer more than or equal to 1, i take more than or
Integer equal to 1.
In the present embodiment, system disk there are one or more mirror image template 10.After with mirror image template 10 being
Standby file (backing file) creates basis volume 20, creates the 0th grade of son volume 311 with basis volume 20 for backup file the most again.
With basis volume 20 for input, qemu-img instrument is utilized to change a basic snapshot 400.
Cloud main frame can be comprised incremental data by interval to create by the 0th grade of son volume 311 at the time threshold T set
Multistage sub-volume, multistage sub-volume constitutes such as the volume chain 30 in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6.Many sub-scrolls in volume chain 30 become at least one chain
Road.As it is shown in figure 5, the t+ that 311 to the 1st grades of son volume 301 to the t+i level volumes 307 of the 0th grade of son volume in this volume chain 30 are formed
2 son volumes are the most interrelated, to form chain backbone.By previous when each height volume in Fig. 5 increases data newly for cloud main frame
Level rolls up the formation that (i.e. father's volume) is created the posterior sub-volume comprising incremental data.Such as, it is positioned on same silver lap chain 30
The 5th grade son volume with the 6th grade son volume between define this incremental data.
As it is shown in figure 5, created by basis volume 20 and be mutually related between many height volume in tree-shaped framework.2nd grade of son
Volume 302a and the 2nd grade of son volume 302b is associated with the 1st grade of son volume 301；3rd level volume 303a is associated with the 2nd with 3rd level volume 303b
Level son volume 302a, 3rd level volume 303c and 3rd level volume 303d are associated with the 2nd grade of son volume 302b, thus are formed and be mutually related
In tree-shaped framework between many height volume.
Concrete, 3rd level volume 303a can dotted arrow direction, will by the most reverse union operation along figure
Incremental data is integrated with in the 2nd grade of son volume 302a, and then the 2nd grade of son volume 302a is by the reverse union operation of second time, will include
The incremental data sum of the 2nd grade of son volume 302a and 3rd level volume 303a is integrated with in the 1st grade of son volume 301, the like and perform
The reverse union operation of third time and the 4th reverse union operation.Now, the basis volume 20 after the most reverse union operation is completed
In contain the 0th grade of son volume the 301, the 2nd grade of son volume 302a of the 311, the 1st grade of son volume and the 3rd level volume increment number that formed of 303a
According to sum.
Concrete, shown in ginseng Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, exemplary the illustrating of Fig. 3 with Fig. 4 performs once the complete of reverse union operation
It has suffered journey, and can perform by the most 7. order of the digital number in Fig. 3.
It should be noted that combine shown in Fig. 5,3rd level volume 303a can be also adopted by the reverse mode and the 1st merged of jumping
Level son volume 301 carries out the most reverse union operation, with the increasing that will be formed between the 1st grade of son volume 301 to the 3rd word volume 303a
Amount data are integrated with in the 1st grade of son volume 301, and the 1st grade of son volume 301 employing formed after merging the most again is jumped reverse merging
Mode carry out the reverse union operation of second time with basis volume 20.Now, the basis volume 20 after the most reverse union operation is completed
In also contains the 0th grade of son volume the 301, the 2nd grade of son volume 302a of the 311, the 1st grade of son volume and the 3rd level volume increment that formed of 303a
Data sum.
In the present embodiment, the 0th grade of son volume 311 the 1st grade of son volume 301 that be mutually related is created.With mirror image
Template 10 creates basis volume 20 for backup file, with basis volume 20 for input, utilizes one basis of qemu-img instrument conversion fast
According to 400.The 0th grade of son volume 311 that be mutually related is created, after with the 0th grade of son volume 311 being the most again with basis volume 20 for backup file
Standby document creation is mutually related the 1st grade of son volume 301.Multiple it is mutually related the 1st grade to generated by the 0th grade of son volume 311
Son volume 301 does the union operation of the father's volume (i.e. basis volume 20) the most inversely integrating with described 0th grade of son volume corresponding to 311, will
The backup file of the 0th grade of son volume 311 is set to basis snapshot 400；Finally, by based on the backup file of the 1st grade of son volume 301
Volume 20.By the 0th grade of son volume the 0th grade of incremental snapshot 401 of 311 RNTOs.By above-mentioned once reverse union operation, to form figure
Schematic diagram shown by 4.
As shown in Figure 4, after performing once reverse union operation, the 0th grade of son volume 311 disappears from volume chain 30, reduces
To Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 rolls up the length of chain 30, therefore can effectively reduce because of volume chain 30 long caused cloud disk read-write
The problem that can reduce, and simplify the deletion action flow process of online incremental snapshot, reduce computing cost.
Embodiment two:
Ginseng Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and a kind of lightweight based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot of the present invention illustrated in fig. 7 realize
The second detailed description of the invention of method.
The invention discloses a kind of lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot, comprise the following steps: step
Rapid S1, create basis volume 20 with mirror image template 10 for backup file and create basic snapshot 400；Step S2, with basis volume 20 it is
Backup file creates the 0th grade of son volume 311 to the t+i level volume that be mutually related；Step S3,311 generated by the 0th grade of son volume
Multiple all sub-volumes being mutually related between t level volume 306 and t+i-1 level volume at least do and the most inversely integrate with
The union operation of described t level volume father's volume corresponding to 306, is set to t level volume by the backup file that t+i level is rolled up
Father's volume corresponding to 306；Step S4, by the 0th grade son volume 311 backup file be set to described basis snapshot 400, by t level
The backup file of son volume is as the t-1 level incremental snapshot corresponding to t-1 level volume.It follows that by t level volume 306
Backup file is set to t-1 level incremental snapshot 409；T level is rolled up 306 RNTO t level incremental snapshots 410.This is heavy
The process of name is as shown in the dotted arrow between the incremental snapshot of specific sub-volume its correspondence downwardly directed.
In conjunction with the embodiments described in one, in the present embodiment, can be formed comprise basis snapshot 400, the 0th grade of snapshot 401, the
1 grade of incremental snapshot 402 (remaining summary), t-1 level incremental snapshot 409, t level incremental snapshot 410 and t+1 level incremental snapshot 411
The snapshot chain 40 that formed is separated from each other with volume chain 30.
In the present embodiment, described t takes the integer more than or equal to 1, and i takes 1.T can take mirror snapshot with cloud main frame
Set time threshold T's is selected, and forms multiple directly and/or indirectly relevant to basis volume 20 within certain time period
The son volume of connection, and collectively form volume chain 30 with basis volume 20 and mirror image template 10.
When i takes 1, generated the 1st grade of son volume 301 and multiple t-1 level that is mutually related to by the 0th grade of son volume 311
All sub-volume between son volume 305, t level volume 306 and t+1 level volume 307 the most inversely integrates with described t level volume
The union operation of the father's volume (i.e. t-1 level volume 305) corresponding to 306, is set to the backup file of t+1 level volume 307
T level volume father's volume corresponding to 306.Concrete technical scheme please be joined described in embodiment one.
Before execution many height volume does reverse union operation, basis volume 20 the multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related created
In chain structure, and the length rolling up chain 30 is the longest；Many height in volume chain 30 can be rolled up by this lightweight implementation method
Do repeatedly reverse union operation.Preferably, the volume chain 30 being ultimately formed only comprises mirror image template 10, basis volume 20 and the
T+1 level volume 307.
When i takes the integer more than 1, concrete i in the present embodiment takes 2.To being generated many by the 0th grade of son volume 311
The individual all sub-volume being mutually related between t level volume 306 and t+1 level volume 307 jumps and inversely integrates with described t level
The union operation of son volume father's volume corresponding to 306, is set to t level by the backup file of t+1 level volume 307 and rolls up 306 institutes
Corresponding father's volume.
In the figure 7, along with t level roll up 306 to the 0th grades son volume 311 between once or repeatedly inversely merge behaviour
Make so that the son volume quantity in whole volume chain 30 is by limit significantly, thus effectively shortens the length of volume chain 30, therefore can have
Reducing because of the problem of long the caused cloud disk read-write performance reduction of volume chain 30 of effect, and simplify deleting of online incremental snapshot
Division operation flow process, reduces computing cost.
The a series of detailed description of those listed above is only for the feasibility embodiment of the present invention specifically
Bright, they also are not used to limit the scope of the invention, all equivalent implementations made without departing from skill of the present invention spirit
Or change should be included within the scope of the present invention.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of the spirit or essential attributes of the present invention, it is possible to realize the present invention in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, all should regard embodiment as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than described above limits, it is intended that all by fall in the implication of equivalency and scope of claim
Change is included in the present invention.Should not be considered as limiting involved claim by any reference in claim.
Although moreover, it will be appreciated that this specification is been described by according to embodiment, but the most each embodiment only wraps
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only that for clarity sake those skilled in the art should
Description can also be formed those skilled in the art through appropriately combined as an entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment
May be appreciated other embodiments.
Claims (7)
1. a lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, with mirror image template for backup file create basis volume and create basis snapshot；
S2, with basis volume for backup file create be mutually related the 0th grade son volume to t+i level roll up；
S3, multiple be mutually related t level volume and t+i-1 level generated by the 0th grade of son volume are rolled up between all
Son volume at least does the union operation the most inversely integrating with the father's volume corresponding to described t level volume, after being rolled up by t+i level
Standby file is set to the father's volume corresponding to t level volume；
S4, the backup file of the 0th grade of son volume being set to described basis snapshot, the backup file rolled up by t level is as t-1
T-1 level incremental snapshot corresponding to level son volume；
Wherein, described t takes the integer more than or equal to 1, and i takes the integer more than or equal to 1.
Lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related stated in step S2 form at least one link.
Lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
The multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related stated in step S2 are chain backbone.
Lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
The multiple sub-volumes that are mutually related stated in step S2 are tree-shaped framework.
5., according to the lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot described in claim 3 or 4, its feature exists
In, described step 3 also includes: to multiple t level volume and t+i-1 level of being mutually related generated by the 0th grade of son volume
All sub-volume between volume the most inversely integrates with the union operation of the father's volume corresponding to described t level volume, by t+i level
The backup file of volume is set to the father's volume corresponding to t level volume.
6. according to the lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot described in claim 3 or 4, described step 3
Also include: multiple t level that are mutually related generated by the 0th grade of son volume are rolled up owning between t+i-1 level volume
Son volume jumps and inversely integrates with the union operation of the father's volume corresponding to described t level volume, the backup file rolled up by t+i level
It is set to the father's volume corresponding to t level volume.
Lightweight implementation method based on qcow2 form incremental snapshot the most according to claim 1, described " establishment basis
Snapshot " particularly as follows: with basis volume for input, and utilize qemu-img instrument to create basis snapshot.
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