CN106054242B - Three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method - Google Patents
Three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106054242B CN106054242B CN201610289461.4A CN201610289461A CN106054242B CN 106054242 B CN106054242 B CN 106054242B CN 201610289461 A CN201610289461 A CN 201610289461A CN 106054242 B CN106054242 B CN 106054242B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/67—Wave propagation modeling
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method, including：Using three-dimensional interpolation method, three-dimensional geological model is modeled；Define source type；Define Three-dimendimal fusion observation system；According to the three-dimensional geological model, the source type and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system, anisotropy evanescent wave field is calculated, to generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot；Export the earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.Through the invention, to solve the problems, such as medium anisotropy decaying three-dimensional simulation of the existing technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of seismic prospecting more particularly to a kind of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulations
Method.
Background technology
The oil gas that underground is contained is largely slit formation oil-gas reservoir, and crack provides not only hydrocarbon pore volume, also provides
The channel of oil-gas migration, therefore Crack Detection is of crucial importance for oil-gas exploration, in recent years, the emphasis side of oil-gas exploration
To for example, the unconventional resource exploration such as the grease detection of slit formation oil-gas reservoir and shale gas, all be unable to do without the accurate of fracture
Analysis, therefore the research in crack is particularly important and urgently at this stage.Using EFFECTIVE MEDIUM THEORY, horizontally or vertically split
VTI/HTI Media Descriptions may be used in seam, such medium only accounts for the velocity anisotropy of seimic wave propagation, and when consideration stream
When the fracture reservoir of body filling, the decaying of VTI/HTI anisotropy is a kind of more approximate description method, at present both at home and abroad each
Research in terms of anisotropy decaying three-dimensional wave field computation and analysis waits further to develop.Therefore, for anisotropy decaying
Wave-field simulation is particularly important.
Invention content
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation methods, existing to solve
There is the problem of medium anisotropy decaying three-dimensional simulation existing for technology.
To solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method,
Including：Using three-dimensional interpolation method, three-dimensional geological model is modeled；Define source type；Define Three-dimendimal fusion observation system；According to
The three-dimensional geological model, the source type and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system calculate anisotropy evanescent wave field, with
Generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot；Export the earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.
According to the technique and scheme of the present invention, by modeling three-dimensional geological model, defining source type and Three-dimendimal fusion sight
Examining system calculates each to different further according to the three-dimensional geological model, the source type and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system
Property evanescent wave field, with generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.Thus, efficiently solve medium anisotropy decaying three
The problem of dimension simulation, is particularly suitable for oil gas water identification analysis, the analysis work of unconventional petroleum resources forward modeling, additionally it is possible to fast
Speed realizes the simulation of three dimensional anisotropic evanescent wave field, accurate recording numerical simulation result, and improves the precision of geologic interpretation.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of three-dimensional geological model according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of seismic wavelet according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of stereo observing system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b and Fig. 5 c are Three-dimendimal fusion anisotropic model analog record according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention respectively
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b and Fig. 6 c are the schematic diagram of three components wave field snapshot according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention respectively.
Specific implementation mode
The main thought of the present invention is, based on modeling three-dimensional geological model, defines source type and Three-dimendimal fusion sight
Examining system calculates each to different further according to the three-dimensional geological model, the source type and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system
Property evanescent wave field, with generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.Thus, efficiently solve medium anisotropy decaying three
The problem of dimension simulation, is particularly suitable for oil gas water identification analysis, the analysis work of unconventional petroleum resources forward modeling, additionally it is possible to fast
Speed realizes the simulation of three dimensional anisotropic evanescent wave field, accurate recording numerical simulation result, and improves the precision of geologic interpretation.
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, to this
Invention, which is done, to be further described in detail.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method is provided.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.
In step s 102, using three-dimensional interpolation method, three-dimensional geological model is modeled.In the present embodiment, three-dimensional geological mould
Type may include rate pattern or elastic coefficient matrix.Wherein, the rate pattern includes model parameter, such as velocity of longitudinal wave, cross
Wave velocity, density, Thomson anisotropic parameters, longitudinal wave quality factor and shear wave quality factor.And elastic coefficient matrix is for example
Include the 6*6 elastic coefficient matrixs of description anisotropy decaying, and the elasticity that the model parameter of elastic coefficient matrix is decayed by HTI
Coefficient is given, as shown in Figure 2.
Further, the three-dimensional geological model meets following formula：
Wherein, V indicates that medium velocity, ρ are density, and L is divergence operator, and F indicates muscle power, and σ is stress vector, and ε is to answer
Becoming vector, E is memory variable,It is the elastic coefficient matrix of anisotropy attenuation medium,
Wherein, E includes：
Wherein, E={ e1,e11,e22,e23,e13,e12}T, subscript " " indicate the time first derivative, subscript " .. " indicate
The second dervative of time,Indicate the directional derivative of variable, function phiαExpression formula is as follows：
Wherein, τσαAnd τεαIndicate that stress and strain slack time, superscript 1 indicate longitudinal wave respectively, 2 indicate shear wave, vi,i
=x, y, z indicate that particle velocity component, function Θ expression formulas are as follows：
In step S104, source type is defined.In the present embodiment, seismic wavelet is to use Ricker wavelets, and can
Dominant frequency, propagation time and the source type of self-defined wavelet.Wherein, source type can for example be defined as hypocenter of the explosion or point
Focus, and the selection of focus can simulate demand to define according to actual numerical value.Source type meets following formula：
Wherein,Table Zk shows that physical item, Z indicate vertical point of j amount of muscle power,Indicate that vertical unit vector, φ indicate a mark
Flow function, the scalar function are the functions about the time, The respectively unit vector in the directions x and y, x, y, z distinguish table
Show orthogonal 3-D walls and floor.
In step s 106, Three-dimendimal fusion observation system is defined.In the present embodiment, Three-dimendimal fusion observation system is
The key of anisotropy Research on attenuation the characteristics of according to objective body, can be pre-designed rational observation system, calculate default
After the numerical value earthquake record that observation point observes, earthquake information is acquired, produces the ground being adapted with actual seismic data quality
Shake record, is convenient for comparative analysis.Mono- steps of Jin, Three-dimendimal fusion observation system can be in main profile (Inline) and cross-track
(Crossline) direction defines respectively, gives after receiving line initial position, line interval and receiving number of lines, it may be determined that connect
Take-up position.Also, receiving drawing lines spacing and receiving point number can also give at this moment, to determine wave detector relationship.
In step S108, according to the three-dimensional geological model, the focus and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system, meter
Anisotropy evanescent wave field is calculated, to generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.In the present embodiment, anisotropy decaying wave is calculated
Field is using Fourier pseudospectral method, time fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.That is, geological model, focus, observation system is defeated
Enter, as the primary condition of simulation system, anisotropy is calculated using Fourier pseudospectral method, time fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and is declined
Subtract wave field, to generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.Wherein, the operation of Fourier's void spectrometry in two steps, first with fourier
Become change commanders wave field function representation at Fourier space expanded form, then when m- wave-number domain (or time-frequency domain) in it is right
Wave equation carries out numerical solution.
In addition, the time-derivative that anisotropy attenuation medium wave equation may be implemented in fourth-order Runge-Kutta method calculates,
Purpose be a kind of algorithm for approaching solution of Taylor series and Taylor expansion the difference is that, Runge-Kutta method in addition to
Outside first derivative, does not have to calculate its higher derivative, several first derivatives are instead calculated, with the linear gauge of these first derivatives
Rule combines to approach Taylor expansion equation, eliminates and calculates the cumbersome of higher derivative.It can be realized by simply calculating.
This method is stable and recursion, that is to say, that can calculate the function of the point when calculating as long as using the point of front one
Value.Fourth-order Runge-Kutta method meets following formula：
Wherein,
H1=NVn+Dn
H2=N (Vn+dt/2H1)+Dn+1/2
H3=N (Vn+dt/2H2)+Dn+1/2
H4=N (Vn+dtH3)+Dn+1
VnIndicate n-th order wave field, Vn+1Indicate that the (n+1)th rank wave field, dt indicate time sampling interval, H1Indicate that the period starts
When slope, H2Indicate the slope at period midpoint, H3Indicate the slope at period midpoint, H4Indicate the slope of time segment endpoint,
N indicates speed in the derivative operator in three directions in space, DnIndicate that constant is in start time (n-th in anisotropy attenuation equation
Moment) numerical value, Dn+1/2Indicate constant in the numerical value at period midpoint (the (n+1)th/2 moment), Dn+1Indicate constant at end period
The numerical value of point (the (n+1)th moment).
Further, convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) absorbing boundary can be introduced into three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium number
Value simulation, and by the way that parameter value CPML appropriate is arranged.This method, which introduces complex frequency domain transformation, makes discrete equation and the medium of simulation
Type is unrelated, is a kind of nondividing iteration lattice without explicit convolutional calculation.This method is by coordinate spread function by real number
Space coordinate transformation is complex coordinates, and the pole of spread function is moved in the imaginary axis of complex plane, is exactly matched to conventional
Layer is improved.This method introduces virtual dielectric layer, complete of the wave impedance of the wave impedance and adjacent media of this layer of medium
Match, thus theoretically people's ejected wave can be unreflected into people's layer, and be completely absorbed.This method not only assimilation effect it is apparent,
It is easily achieved, and saving amount of storage more apparent than traditional PML.
In step s 110, the earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot are exported.Thus, which the present embodiment can be quickly real
Existing three dimensional anisotropic evanescent wave field simulation, accurate recording numerical simulation result.
It is above-mentioned it is stated that three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method, some examples provided below are verified
The applicability and accuracy of the above method.
Assuming that source type is hypocenter of the explosion, and dominant frequency of seismic wavelet is set as 50Hz, time delay 70ms, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show.Further, according to HTI attenuation anisotropy characteristics, Three-dimendimal fusion observation system can be defined, as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 4
The seisline of 0 degree and 90 degree is given, two seislines (i.e. main side line and cross-track) are mutually perpendicular to, and can receive vertical fissure
Seam and the Shear Waves Splitting of parallel fractuer direction, geophone separation is 10m.By the three-dimensional geological model set, source type and
The operation simulation of Three-dimendimal fusion observation system, wherein one time sampling of each run, simulation can show operating condition in terminal,
Provide most intuitive operating condition.
Optionally, time sampling interval can be arranged according to simulation demand, default value is 1ms, and time sampling size can root
It is arranged according to situation.It is also possible to which the interval of wave field snapshot is arranged, system default value is 100ms, i.e., every 100ms, simulation system
It is automatically stored the wave field snapshot of seismic wave, storage file is named with wave field Snapshot time, and display is efficient and convenient.Simulation is completed
Afterwards, Three-dimendimal fusion anisotropic model analog record can be shown, for Z component, the 3-component earthquake of R component and T component
Big gun records, as shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b and Fig. 5 c.Also, wave field snapshot contains time initial time to the whole for terminating the time
As a result, using X-component, Y-component, Z component, the propagation condition of seismic wave field at a certain moment can be shown, such as Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b and figure
Shown in 6c.
In conclusion according to the technique and scheme of the present invention, by modeling three-dimensional geological model, defining source type and three-dimensional
Three-component observation system, further according to the three-dimensional geological model, the source type and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system, meter
Anisotropy evanescent wave field is calculated, to generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.Thus, efficiently solve medium respectively to different
Property decaying three-dimensional simulation the problem of, be particularly suitable for oil gas water identification analysis, unconventional petroleum resources forward modeling analysis work,
The simulation of three dimensional anisotropic evanescent wave field, accurate recording numerical simulation result can also be fast implemented, and improves geologic interpretation
Precision.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that the three dimensional anisotropic evanescent wave field simulation of the above-mentioned present invention
Method and each step can be realized with general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, Huo Zhefen
Cloth is on network constituted by multiple computing devices, and optionally, they can be with the program code that computing device can perform come real
It is existing, it is performed by computing device it is thus possible to be stored in storage device.In this way, the present invention is not limited to any spies
Fixed hardware and software combines.Storage device is nonvolatile memory, such as：ROM/RAM, flash memory, magnetic disc, CD etc..
Example the above is only the implementation of the present invention is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification made by all within the spirits and principles of the present invention,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Using three-dimensional interpolation method, three-dimensional geological model is modeled, the three-dimensional geological model includes rate pattern or coefficient of elasticity square
Battle array；
Source type is defined, the source type meets following formula：
Wherein,Indicate that physical item, Z indicate the vertical component of muscle power,Indicate that vertical unit vector, φ indicate a scalar function,
The scalar function is the function about the time,The respectively unit vector in the directions x and y, x, y, z indicate mutual respectively
Vertical 3-D walls and floor；
Define Three-dimendimal fusion observation system；
According to the three-dimensional geological model, the source type and the Three-dimendimal fusion observation system, calculates anisotropy and decline
Subtract wave field, to generate earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot；
Export the earthquake big gun record and wave field snapshot.
2. three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the calculating
Anisotropy evanescent wave field is using Fourier pseudospectral method, time fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.
3. three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the speed
The model parameter of model includes：Velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density, Thomson anisotropic parameters, longitudinal wave quality factor and
Shear wave quality factor.
4. three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elasticity
The coefficient of elasticity that the model parameter of coefficient matrix is decayed by HT I gives.
5. three dimensional anisotropic attenuation medium wave-field simulation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional
Geological model meets following formula：
Wherein, V indicates that medium velocity, ρ are density, and L is divergence operator, and F indicates that muscle power, σ are stress vectors, and ε is strain arrow
Amount, E are memory variables,It is the elastic coefficient matrix of anisotropy attenuation medium,
Wherein, E includes：
Wherein, E={ e1,e11,e22,e23,e13,e12}T, the first derivative of subscript " " expression time, subscript " .. " the expression time
Second dervative,Indicate the directional derivative of variable, function phiαExpression formula is as follows：
Wherein, τσαAnd τεαIndicate that stress and strain slack time, superscript (1) indicate that longitudinal wave, superscript (2) indicate horizontal respectively
Wave, vi, i=x, y, z indicates particle velocity component, and function Θ expression formulas are as follows：
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