CN106054210A - Differential absorption laser radar for detecting earth surface pressure intensity and altitude, and method - Google Patents

Differential absorption laser radar for detecting earth surface pressure intensity and altitude, and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106054210A
CN106054210A CN201610538893.4A CN201610538893A CN106054210A CN 106054210 A CN106054210 A CN 106054210A CN 201610538893 A CN201610538893 A CN 201610538893A CN 106054210 A CN106054210 A CN 106054210A
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laser
wavelength
earth surface
light
echo
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CN106054210B (en
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洪光烈
舒嵘
王钦
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a differential absorption laser radar for detecting earth surface pressure intensity and an altitude, and a method. The laser radar is composed of a laser emission unit, a receiving unit, and a control and numerical control acquisition processing unit, wherein the laser emission unit selects two specific wavelengths as a detection wavelength and a reference wavelength in an oxygen A-band spectral line groove, and the two laser wavelengths are close; and the receiving unit obtains earth surface pulse echoes, a sea level elevation can be speculated through a time interval from pulse emission to echo pulse return, and through a ratio of emission energy to echo energy of the two wavelength lasers, the earth surface pressure intensity can be inversed. The laser radar and the method provided by the invention have the advantage of simultaneously detecting the earth surface pressure intensity and the sea level elevation.

Description

A kind of detect earth surface pressure and the DIAL of height above sea level and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of space laser radar, can detect from satellite to the distance of substar earth surface, thus Know the height above sea level of this point of earth's surface；The present invention also relates to a kind of long light path DIAL detection Earth Surface Atmosphere pressure, with Time obtain earth's surface height above sea level and two indexs of atmospheric pressure.
Background technology
In a series of Atmospheric processes associated with atmospheric dynamics, air pressure plays critically important role.Such as gas Horizontal gradient and the Coriolis force of pressure act on air mass as fundamental force, are used for deducing out balance wind, and synoptic model is led to Conventional air pressure circle of equal altitudes describes.Such as low pressure, hyperbar, trough, the ridge of high pressure, anticyclone, introducing atmospheric model.Additionally, Storm system and sharp side are important weather phenomena, and produce significant air-sea interaction and earth boundary region (PBL) and lead to Amount.Preferably determining wind, pressure, SST, and position, sharp side, the improvement modeling these yardsticks is requisite.Right The major limitation of model accuracy is the openness of input data space distribution.
Marine atmospheric pressure data are the most sparse in large-area ocean and the Southern Hemisphere.Ocean tropical depression is to me State's climatic effect is very big, and due to the shortage of sea meteorological station, such as China's Area of The East China Sea, South China Sea marine atmospheric pressure are seen Measured value lacks the most very much.Direction, motion track that barometric gradient distributed data for Exact Forecast typhoon formation, logs in extremely have Profit, reduces the loss that in government decision, excessively defence or defence deficiency are brought.
Mongolia and Siberia Bu Shi China of Russia territory, we cannot arrange ground observation platform there Standing, the ground observation point of neighbouring country is the most sparse, and the cold anticyclone of there is critically important to the formation of China's cold wave.
Xinjiang of China desert, Qinghai-Tibet Platean, the broad area of arctic regions environmental condition difference, it is difficult to ensure ground observation people Member hangs up one's hat.Qinghai-Tibet Platean Earth-atmosphere coupling process study, the kinetic effect of Qinghai-Tibet multiple dimensioned landform, Qinghai-Tibet Platean The megarelief impact on atmospheric circulation, Dynamics of Qinghai-xizang Plateau, thermodynamic process etc. are studied, and polar atmosphere environmental studies, It is required for densely distributed atmospheric pressure basic data.
Fixing meteorological station, periodically uses sounding balloon to carry out business atmospheric sounding pressure, is current weather business department Precision is the highest, the most reliable detection means of data, and this means are still life-time service, detection hands irreplaceable, maximally effective Section.But there is strict restriction in air traffic control department to the time of release sounding balloon, it is impossible to allow round-the-clock persistently to detect.
China has been realized in infrared remote sensor atmospheric temperature detecting and the microwave radiometer air of wind and cloud series of satellites Humidity detects.But up to the present, for atmospheric pressure, except the pressure transducer on sounding balloon, China is the most distant Sense instrument successful operation.
The most only launch soon such as the TANSO-FTS instrument on GOSAT satellite and OCO-2 satellite Instrument, Envisat satellite MERIS instrument, but due to the change of solar zenith angle and the restriction of instrument spectral resolution, Its earth surface pressure detection accuracy has not been met the needs of weather forecast, moreover does not has evening sunlight also can not work, mesh Before be also used only to the post concentration into remote sensing atmosphere carbon dioxide, it is provided that oxygen reference data.Global atmospheric research program (Global Atmospheric Research Program) requires that earth surface air pressure remote sensing survey precision reaches 0.3%.
The laser pulse of Difference Absorption laser altimeter, with ground hard goal reflected signal rather than atmospheric backscatter, Required transmitting laser power compares little several order of magnitude mutually, and obtaining Earth Surface Atmosphere pressure is not pressure profile.This is not It is a great sacrifice it is known that after the pressure value of earth's surface, we just can be from Satellite observation temperature profile by statics Equation obtains atmospheric pressure Vertical Profile.If Difference Absorption laser altimeter can detour with satellite, to earth surface air pressure Coverage and the density of remotely-sensed data considerably increase.
Using the mode of operation of laser altimeter, Laser Measurement device pulse flies through atmospheric absorptivity and the pulse of air column The row time.It is possible not only to obtain earth's surface pressure, it is also possible to obtain height above sea level, it is possible to distinguish the reflection on cloud and ground simultaneously (cloud top atmospheric pressure or earth surface pressure can be separated), so the most more meaningful to meteorology application.
Atmospheric medium is a kind of random medium, describes and to express the change procedure of air the most difficult.Difference Absorption skill Art is applied to laser acquisition process, launches two kinds of light beams the most simultaneously, and a kind of light beam referred to as detects light beam, and another light beam is referred to as Reference beam, they irradiate the hot spot on earth's surface and overlap；Other are difficult to calculate by the comparisons after air returns of two kinds of light beams Atmospheric effect all difference disappear, thus highlight the difference of the spectral absorption that atmospheric pressure change causes, and these are all the present invention Origin.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of serving and detect earth surface pressure and the space Difference Absorption of height above sea level simultaneously Laser radar and data processing method.This space parallax shunt excitation optical radar is adopted with numerical control by laser emission element, reception unit, control Collection processing unit composition.The output comment wherein launching laser uses actively frequency stabilization, and receiving unit is obtained respectively by polarization beam splitting To detection wavelength and the earth's surface echo of reference wavelength, control to be monitored by place's transmission pulse energy with numerical control acquisition process unit Device, intervalometer, echo impulse triggers and the signal of echo data harvester, finally obtains ground level and pressure letter Breath.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
1, structure
A kind of DIAL of earth surface pressure and height above sea level that detects is by laser emission element 1, reception unit 2, control to form with numerical control acquisition process unit 3；
Described laser emission element 1 includes the second reflecting mirror 11, polarization beam combiner 12, the first reflecting mirror 13, and wavelength is supervised Visual organ 14, detection long wavelength laser 15, reference wavelength laser instrument 16, the long piezo controller of resonator 17, pump laser 18, Detection wavelength seed laser 19, reference wavelength seed laser 110；
Described pump laser 18 pump probe long wavelength laser 15 and reference wavelength laser instrument 16, these two laser instrument Wavelength respectively by detection wavelength seed laser 19 and reference wavelength seed laser 110 control；Detection long wavelength laser 15 Part light enters Wavelength monitor 14, and stably detects long wavelength laser 15 output by the long piezo controller of resonator 17 Optical maser wavelength；The light of reference wavelength laser instrument 16 outgoing reaches polarization beam combiner 12 through the first reflecting mirror 13 and swashs with detection wavelength The light of light device 15 outgoing is combined into after light beam through by the second vertical directive earth surface of reflecting mirror 11；Reference wavelength laser instrument 16 has Part light enters to be launched pulse trigger 31 and launches pulse energy monitor 32, and detection long wavelength laser 15 has part light to enter Launch pulse energy monitor 32；
Described reception unit 2 includes telescope 21 on star, lens 22, narrow band pass filter 23, polarization beam apparatus 24, the 3rd Reflecting mirror 25, the first photo-detector 26, the second photo-detector 27；Receive telescope 21 on the star in unit 2 and receive earth surface reflection Pulse energy echo-signal by after lens 22 and narrow band pass filter 23 after polarization beam apparatus 24 a road light be directly entered First photo-detector 26, another light beam enters the second photo-detector 27 through the 3rd reflecting mirror 25；
Described control and numerical control acquisition process unit 3 include launching pulse trigger 31, launch pulse energy monitor 32, intervalometer 33, echo impulse triggers and echo data harvester 34, microprocessor 35；Intervalometer 33 obtain time interval, micro-process from the triggering launching pulse trigger 31 and echo impulse triggering and echo data harvester 34 Device 35 receives launches pulse energy monitor 32, intervalometer 33, and echo impulse triggers and echo data harvester 34 Signal, obtain ground level and pressure information after process；
During system work, described laser emission element 1 launches two bundle of pulsed laser, its wavelength to vertically apparent bearing For；Echo from ground is received by receiving unit 2, sends two signals that detector receives to controlling and numerical control collection Processing unit 3, controls to process signal with numerical control acquisition process unit 3, obtains the information of earth surface pressure and height above sea level Data.
The wavelength of described detection long wavelength laser 15 is 759.89632nm.
The wavelength of described reference wavelength laser instrument 16 is 759.10nm.
A kind of data processing method method of DIAL detecting earth surface pressure and height above sea level is as follows:
Signal data is obtained, wherein the first detector 26 signal E by receiving unit 2on(R), the second detector 27 signal Eoff (R), pulse energy monitor 32 signal E is launchedon(0), Eoff(0), intervalometer 33 signal t, earth surface pressure p0 Obtained by formula (1):
p 0 = 1 C × E o n ( R ) E o f f ( 0 ) E o f f ( R ) E o n ( 0 ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein C is constant, calibration determine；Elevation data R is obtained by formula 2 simultaneously:
R = c t 2 - - - ( 2 )
C is the light velocity.
The present invention proposes a kind of DIAL detecting earth surface pressure and height above sea level accordingly, and the present invention has Point is: can detect earth surface pressure and height above sea level simultaneously, it is provided that the meteorological data more more meaningful than IR Passive detection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of space DIAL.Wherein: 1 laser emission element, 2 receive unit, 3 Control and numerical control acquisition process unit.
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of space DIAL.Wherein 11 second reflecting mirror, 12 polarization couplings Device, 13 first reflecting mirrors, 14 Wavelength monitors, 15 detection long wavelength lasers, 16 reference wavelength laser instrument, 17 resonator length pressures Electric controller, 18 pump lasers, 19 detection wavelength seed lasers, 110 reference wavelength seed lasers；Look in the distance on 21 stars Mirror, 22 lens, 23 narrow band pass filters, 24 polarization beam apparatus, 25 the 3rd reflecting mirrors, 26 first photo-detectors, 27 second optical detections Device；31 launch pulse triggers, 32 launch pulse energy monitors, 33 intervalometer 33,34 echo impulses trigger and Echo data harvester, 35 microprocessors.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the invention will be further described.
A kind of DIAL of earth surface pressure and height above sea level that detects is by laser emission element 1, reception unit 2, control to form with numerical control acquisition process unit 3；
Wherein, laser emission element 1 is by the second reflecting mirror 11, polarization beam combiner 12, the first reflecting mirror 13, Wavelength monitor 14, detect long wavelength laser 15, reference wavelength laser instrument 16, the long piezo controller of resonator 17, pump laser 18, detection Wavelength seed laser 19, reference wavelength seed laser 110 forms；Pump laser 18 pump probe long wavelength laser 15 He Reference wavelength laser instrument 16, the wavelength of these two laser instrument is swashed by detection wavelength seed laser 19 and reference wavelength seed respectively Light device 110 controls；Detection long wavelength laser 15 part light enters Wavelength monitor 14, and by the long piezo controller of resonator 17 optical maser wavelengths that stably detection long wavelength laser 15 exports；The light of reference wavelength laser instrument 16 outgoing is through the first reflecting mirror 13 Reach after polarization beam combiner 12 is combined into light beam with the light detecting long wavelength laser 15 outgoing through vertically being penetrated by the second reflecting mirror 11 To earth surface；Reference wavelength laser instrument 16 has part light enter transmitting pulse trigger 31 and launch pulse energy monitor 32, detection long wavelength laser 15 has part light to enter transmitting pulse energy monitor 32；
Receive unit 2 by telescope 21 on star, lens 22, narrow band pass filter 23, polarization beam splitter 24, the 3rd reflecting mirror 25, the first photo-detector 26, the second photo-detector 27 forms；Receive telescope 21 on the star in unit 2 and receive earth surface reflection Pulse energy echo-signal by after lens 22 and narrow band pass filter 23 after polarization beam splitter 24 a road light be directly entered One photo-detector 26, another light beam enters the second photo-detector 27, the first photo-detector 26 and second through the 3rd reflecting mirror 25 The outfan of photo-detector 27 is connected respectively to control the input with numerical control acquisition process unit 3；
Control with numerical control acquisition process unit 3 by launching pulse trigger 31, launch pulse energy monitor 32, between the time Every measuring device 33, echo impulse triggers and echo data harvester 34, and microprocessor 35 forms；Microprocessor 35) receive and launch Pulse energy monitor 32, intervalometer 33, echo impulse triggers and the signal of echo data harvester 34, after process Obtain height and pressure information.

Claims (4)

1. detect a DIAL for earth surface pressure and height above sea level, including laser emission element (1), receive list Unit (2), control and numerical control acquisition process unit (3), it is characterised in that:
Described laser emission element (1) includes the second reflecting mirror (11), polarization beam combiner (12), the first reflecting mirror (13), ripple Long monitor (14), detection long wavelength laser (15), reference wavelength laser instrument (16), the long piezo controller of resonator (17), Pump laser (18), detection wavelength seed laser (19), reference wavelength seed laser (110)；
Described pump laser (18) pump probe long wavelength laser (15) and reference wavelength laser instrument (16), these two laser The wavelength of device is controlled by detection wavelength seed laser (19) and reference wavelength seed laser (110) respectively；Detection wavelength swashs Light device (15) part light enters Wavelength monitor (14), and it is sharp stably to detect wavelength by the long piezo controller of resonator (17) The optical maser wavelength that light device (15) exports；The light of reference wavelength laser instrument (16) outgoing reaches polarization through the first reflecting mirror (13) and closes Bundle device (12) is combined into after light beam through by the second reflecting mirror (11) vertically directive ground with the light of detection long wavelength laser (15) outgoing Ball surface；Reference wavelength laser instrument (16) has part light enter transmitting pulse trigger (31) and launch pulse energy monitor (32), detection long wavelength laser (15) has part light to enter transmitting pulse energy monitor (32)；
Described reception unit (2) includes telescope on star (21), lens (22), narrow band pass filter (23), polarization beam apparatus (24), the 3rd reflecting mirror (25), the first photo-detector (26), the second photo-detector (27)；Receive and look in the distance on the star in unit (2) Mirror (21) receives the pulse energy echo-signal of earth surface reflection by dividing through polarization after lens (22) and narrow band pass filter (23) Bundle device (24) road light afterwards is directly entered the first photo-detector (26), and another light beam enters the second light through the 3rd reflecting mirror (25) Detector (27)；
Described control and numerical control acquisition process unit (3) include launching pulse trigger (31), launch pulse energy monitor (32), intervalometer (33), echo impulse triggers and echo data harvester (34), microprocessor (35)；Between the time Obtain from the triggering launching pulse trigger (31) and echo impulse triggering and echo data harvester (34) every measuring device (33) Time interval, microprocessor (35) receives launches pulse energy monitor (32), intervalometer (33), and echo impulse touches Send out and the signal of echo data harvester (34), after process, obtain ground level and pressure information；
During system work, described laser emission element (1) launches two bundle of pulsed laser to vertically apparent bearing, and its wavelength is； Echo from ground is received by receiving unit (2), and the signal received by two detectors sends to controlling and numerical control collection Processing unit (3), controls to process signal with numerical control acquisition process unit (3), obtains earth surface pressure and height above sea level Information data.
A kind of DIAL detecting earth surface pressure and height above sea level the most according to claim 1, its feature Being, the wavelength of described detection long wavelength laser (15) is 759.89632nm.
A kind of DIAL detecting earth surface pressure and height above sea level the most according to claim 1, its feature Being, the wavelength of described reference wavelength laser instrument (16) is 759.10nm.
4. a number based on a kind of DIAL detecting earth surface pressure and height above sea level described in claim 1 According to processing method, it is characterised in that method is as follows:
Signal data, wherein the first detector (26) signal E is obtained by receiving unit (2)on(R), the second detector (27) signal Eoff(R), pulse energy monitor (32) signal E is launchedon(0), Eoff(0), intervalometer (33) signal t, earth table Face pressure p0Data are obtained by formula (1):
p 0 = 1 C × E o n ( R ) E o f f ( 0 ) E o f f ( R ) E o n ( 0 ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein constant C is determined by calibration；Elevation data R is obtained by formula (2) simultaneously:
R = c t 2 - - - ( 2 )
C is the light velocity.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107462893A (en) * 2017-08-15 2017-12-12 东莞市迈科新能源有限公司 A kind of vehicle-mounted stereo visual system based on TOF camera
CN110888118A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-17 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Differential absorption laser radar transmitter for detecting atmospheric pressure
CN112161943A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-01 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 TanSat satellite XCO2Method and system for correcting deviation of inversion data
CN112684467A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-20 长沙思木锐信息技术有限公司 Three-dimensional scanning laser radar system and measuring method thereof

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JP4695827B2 (en) * 2003-09-03 2011-06-08 国際航業株式会社 Laser radar device for atmospheric measurement
CN102819024A (en) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-12 北京琨奇电子系统有限公司 Microwave hyperspectral digital processing and control method and device
CN104865580A (en) * 2015-05-20 2015-08-26 北京空间机电研究所 Space-borne laser radar detection system for detecting marine atmosphere parameters
CN205899032U (en) * 2016-07-11 2017-01-18 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Survey difference absorption laser radar of surface pressure and height above sea level

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4695827B2 (en) * 2003-09-03 2011-06-08 国際航業株式会社 Laser radar device for atmospheric measurement
CN102819024A (en) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-12 北京琨奇电子系统有限公司 Microwave hyperspectral digital processing and control method and device
CN104865580A (en) * 2015-05-20 2015-08-26 北京空间机电研究所 Space-borne laser radar detection system for detecting marine atmosphere parameters
CN205899032U (en) * 2016-07-11 2017-01-18 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Survey difference absorption laser radar of surface pressure and height above sea level

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107462893A (en) * 2017-08-15 2017-12-12 东莞市迈科新能源有限公司 A kind of vehicle-mounted stereo visual system based on TOF camera
CN110888118A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-17 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Differential absorption laser radar transmitter for detecting atmospheric pressure
CN110888118B (en) * 2019-11-18 2023-05-05 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Differential absorption laser radar transmitter for detecting atmospheric pressure
CN112161943A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-01 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 TanSat satellite XCO2Method and system for correcting deviation of inversion data
CN112684467A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-20 长沙思木锐信息技术有限公司 Three-dimensional scanning laser radar system and measuring method thereof

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