CN106053111A - Method for determining failure of seawater desalting equipment - Google Patents
Method for determining failure of seawater desalting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106053111A CN106053111A CN201610450516.5A CN201610450516A CN106053111A CN 106053111 A CN106053111 A CN 106053111A CN 201610450516 A CN201610450516 A CN 201610450516A CN 106053111 A CN106053111 A CN 106053111A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the failure of seawater desalting equipment. The method comprises: collecting a first product water sample at the inlet of a heat exchanger and a second product water sample at the outlet of the heat exchanger; detecting the salt content of the first product water sample and the salt content of the second product water sample; and when determining that the salt content of the second product water sample is greater than the salt content of the first product water sample, determining that the heat exchanger fails. By adopting the method, product water can be quickly sampled in the working principle of the seawater desalting equipment, namely under the negative pressure, and the reason of failure of the seawater desalting equipment is quickly and accurately judged by detecting the salt content of the product water without shutdown, so that the overhauling efficiency is improved and then the production efficiency of the seawater desalting equipment is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sea water desalting technology, particularly relate to a kind of method and device realizing data consistency.
Background technology
China is the country of a shortage of fresh water, and fresh water occupancy volume per person is less than 2200 tons, the average people in the Jin Shi world
All 1/4 of water resource occupancy volume.In the face of accounting for the sea of gross amount of water resources 97%, it is short that desalinization solves China's freshwater resources just
Lack the effective ways of problem.
Sea water is desalinated generally by low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device by prior art, obtains product water.Mesh
The low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device overwhelming majority of front China is that industrial undertaking uses, and the product water of production is preferable due to quality,
Boiler can be directly fed use as make-up water.
But in the production process desalinized seawater, the product water salinity produced there will be the phenomenon that exceeds standard, and product
The water phenomenon that occurs exceeding standard then shows that sea water desalinating unit breaks down, and once runs into this problem, the usual practice be shut down after to sea
Water desalination apparatus checks comprehensively, and repair time length, labor intensity are high, causes production efficiency to reduce and maintenance precision can not
It is guaranteed.
Based on this, need a kind of new repair method at present badly, can accurately judge that the fault that sea water desalinating unit occurs is asked
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for prior art, embodiments provides a kind of side judging sea water desalting equipment fault
Method, in order to solve in prior art when the product water salinity that sea water desalting equipment is produced exceeds standard, it is impossible to quickly, precisely sentence
The fault that disconnected sea water desalting equipment occurs, causes the technical problem that production efficiency reduces.
The present invention provides a kind of method judging sea water desalting equipment fault, and described method includes:
The second product water sample at first product water sample of heat collecting exchanger porch and heat exchanger exit；
Detect salinity and the salinity of described second product water sample of described first product water sample；Wherein,
When the salinity determining described second product water sample is more than the salinity of described first product water sample, the most really
There is fault in fixed described heat exchanger.
In such scheme, when heat exchanger is working properly, described method also includes:
Controlling condensing hot air furnace valve is closed mode；
It is closed mode that control vaporizer respectively imitates the sampling control valve of tube still heater；
Gather the 3rd product water sample collected at pipeline of the product water of the first seven effect tube still heater production of vaporizer；
Detect the salinity in described 3rd product water sample, when the salinity determined in described 3rd product water sample is high
Standard salinity in described product water, it is determined that certain effect tube still heater of described vaporizer exists fault.
In such scheme, the standard salinity of described product water is no more than 5mg/L.
In such scheme, when described condenser working is normal, described method also includes:
It is open mode that control vaporizer respectively imitates the sampling control valve of tube still heater；
Gather each effect product water sample at described each effect tube still heater respectively；
Detect the salinity in described each effect product water sample respectively, when the salinity determined in current effect product water sample
When exceeding standard, determine that the tube still heater of described current effect exists fault.
In such scheme, described method also includes:
Gather the 4th product water sample of described vaporizer product water pump outlet；
Detect the salinity in described 4th product water sample, when the salinity determined in described 4th product water sample is high
During salinity in described 3rd product water sample, it is determined that the end effect condenser of described vaporizer exists fault.
In such scheme, when determining that described end effect condenser exists fault, described method also includes:
Boost control is utilized to carry out pressurising in the housing of described end effect condenser, when described end effect condenser being detected
When having air pressure in the heat exchanger tube in device, it is determined that current heat exchanger tube exists leakage.
In such scheme, described vaporizer includes: the first probe tube, the second probe tube, the 3rd probe tube, the 4th sampling
Pipe, the 5th probe tube, the 6th probe tube and the 7th probe tube.
In such scheme, described sampling control valve includes: the first control valve, the second control valve, the 3rd control valve, the 4th control
Valve processed, the 5th control valve, the 6th control valve and the 7th control valve.
In such scheme, described sampling control valve also includes: the 8th control valve, described 8th control valve and described vaporizer
Collecting of the product water that the first seven effect tube still heater produces connects at pipeline.
In such scheme, described vaporizer also includes: vacuum pump, described vacuum pump and described first probe tube, described the
Two probe tubes, described 3rd probe tube, described 4th probe tube, described 5th probe tube, described 6th probe tube, the described 7th
Probe tube and described 8th probe tube connect.
The invention provides a kind of method judging sea water desalting equipment fault, described method includes: heat collecting exchanger enters
The first product water sample at Kou and the second product water sample at heat exchanger exit；Detect containing of described first product water sample
Salt amount and the salinity of described second product water sample；Wherein, when determining that the salinity of described second product water sample is more than institute
When stating the salinity of the first product water sample, it is determined that described heat exchanger exists fault.So, can be in the work of sea water desalting equipment
During work, i.e. under negative pressure state, product water is sampled, detects product water salinity and come quickly, accurately judge that sea water is light
The reason that change equipment breaks down, improves overhaul efficiency, and then improves the production efficiency of sea water desalting equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The method flow schematic diagram judging sea water desalting equipment fault that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to the trouble point of sea water desalting equipment can be judged quickly and accurately, improve overhaul efficiency, and then improve sea
The production efficiency of water desalting plant, the invention provides a kind of method judging sea water desalting equipment fault, and described method includes:
The second product water sample at first product water sample of heat collecting exchanger porch and heat exchanger exit；Detect described the first one-tenth
The salinity of product water sample and the salinity of described second product water sample；Wherein, when determining described second product water sample
When salinity is more than the salinity of described first product water sample, it is determined that described heat exchanger exists fault.
Below by drawings and the specific embodiments, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
In order to the technical scheme of the present embodiment be may be better understood, the present embodiment first introduces the whole of lower sea water desalting equipment
Body structure, described sea water desalting equipment specifically includes that vaporizer, heat exchanger, vacuum ejector and condenser；Described vaporizer is used
Utilizing steam to condense in described vaporizer, sea water is obtained strong brine and product water with steam heat-exchanging by the pattern of evaporation of seawater；Institute
State heat exchanger to be connected with described vaporizer, be used for reducing product water temperature, improve the temperature of sea water；Described vacuum ejector and steaming
The condenser of the end effect sending out device connects, and is used for extracting on-condensible gas；On-condensible gas is condensed by described condenser for 6, shape
Become condensed water.Wherein, condensing water conduit is connected with product water pipeline by condensing hot air furnace valve.
Specifically, the vaporizer in the present embodiment specifically includes that an effect tube still heater, two effect tube still heater, triple effects
Tube still heater, quadruple effect tube still heater, five effect tube still heaters, six effect tube still heaters, seven effect tube still heater and end effects
Condenser.
When, after seawater spraying to effect tube still heater, steam and pan feeding sea water are carried out heat exchange by an effect tube still heater,
Produce product water and strong brine and indirect steam；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline,
Indirect steam enters two effect tube still heaters.
Two effect tube still heaters utilize indirect steam pan feeding sea water to carry out heat exchange, produce product water and strong brine and steam for three times
Vapour；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline, and three times steam enters triple effect tube still heater.
Triple effect tube still heater utilizes three steam pan feeding sea water to carry out heat exchange, produces product water and strong brine and steams for four times
Vapour；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline, and four times steam enters quadruple effect tube still heater.
Quadruple effect tube still heater utilizes four steam pan feeding sea water to carry out heat exchange, produces product water and strong brine and steams for five times
Vapour；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline, and five times steam enters five effect tube still heaters.
Five effect tube still heaters utilize five steam pan feeding sea water to carry out heat exchange, produce product water and strong brine and steam for six times
Vapour；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline, and six times steam enters six effect tube still heaters.
Six effect tube still heaters utilize six steam pan feeding sea water to carry out heat exchange, produce product water and strong brine and steam for seven times
Vapour；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline, and seven times steam enters seven effect tube still heaters.
Seven effect tube still heaters utilize seven steam pan feeding sea water to carry out heat exchange, produce product water and strong brine and steam for eight times
Vapour；Then, product water flows into product water tube road, and strong brine flows into strong brine pipeline, eight steam and on-condensible gas and sprays through vacuum
Emitter is extracted out, forms condensed water through the condensation of end effect condenser.
Finally, the product water of each effect pumps out through product water pump after collecting.
Here, described vaporizer also includes sampling control valve, particularly as follows: the first control valve, the second control valve, the 3rd control
Valve, the 4th control valve, the 5th control valve, the 6th control valve and the 7th control valve；First probe tube, the second probe tube, the 3rd take
Sample pipe, the 4th probe tube, the 5th probe tube, the 6th probe tube and the 7th probe tube；Wherein, one end of described first control valve sets
Putting on the product water pipeline of an effect tube still heater, the other end and the first probe tube connect；One end of described second control valve
Being arranged on the product water pipeline of two effect tube still heaters, the other end and the second probe tube connect；The one of described 3rd control valve
End is arranged on the product water pipeline of triple effect tube still heater, and the other end and the 3rd probe tube connect；Described 4th control valve
One end is arranged on the product water pipeline of quadruple effect tube still heater, and the other end and the 4th probe tube connect；Described 5th control valve
One end be arranged on the product water pipeline of five effect tube still heaters, the other end and the 5th probe tube connect；Described 6th controls
One end of valve is arranged on the product water pipeline of six effect tube still heaters, and the other end and the 6th probe tube connect；Described 7th control
One end of valve processed is arranged on the product water pipeline of seven effect tube still heaters, and the other end and the 7th probe tube connect.
Here, described sampling control valve also includes: the 8th control valve, the first seven effect tubulation of described 8th control valve and vaporizer
Collecting of the product water that heater produces connects at pipeline.
Described vaporizer also includes: vacuum pump, described first probe tube, described second probe tube, described 3rd probe tube,
After described 4th probe tube, described 5th probe tube, described 6th probe tube and described 7th probe tube are aggregated into a house steward,
House steward is connected with vacuum pump, during can sample product water, opens vacuum pump and product water is sampled by sampling control valve.
The when that the present embodiment carrying out fault verification to sea water desalting equipment, as it is shown in figure 1, mainly comprise the steps that
Step 110, the second product water examination at the first product water sample of heat collecting exchanger porch and heat exchanger exit
Sample.
The second product water in this step, at the first product water sample and heat exchanger exit of heat collecting exchanger porch
Before sample, described method also includes: utilize the antifoam content in effusion meter detection pan feeding sea water the most normal, if normally
Then gather, if abnormal, then adjust antifoam content to standard value.Wherein, the standard value of described antifoam content is
0.3mg/L。
After antifoam content is normal, the at the first product water sample of heat collecting exchanger porch and heat exchanger exit
Two product water samples.Wherein, described sample can be 5ml, and described heat exchanger is distilled water-seawater heat exchanger.
Step 111, detects salinity and the salinity of described second product water sample of described first product water sample.
In this step, after getting the first product water sample and the second product water sample, detect the first product water respectively
The salinity of sample and the salinity of described second product water sample；When the salinity determining described second product water sample is more than
During the salinity of described first product water sample, it is determined that described heat exchanger exists fault, i.e. heat exchanger is internal exists leakage.
Further, when heat exchanger is working properly, described method also includes: control condensing hot air furnace valve for closing shape
State, it is closed mode that control vaporizer respectively imitates the sampling control valve of tube still heater；Controlling the 8th control valve is opening, with
Time control vacuum pump open, gather vaporizer the first seven effect tube still heater produce product water collect the three one-tenth at pipeline
Product water sample, and the salinity in described 3rd product water sample is detected, when determining in described 3rd product water sample
Salinity higher than the standard salinity of described product water, it is determined that certain the effect tube still heater in described vaporizer exist therefore
Barrier, wherein, the standard salinity of described product water is no more than 5mg/L.
Further, it is necessary to judge which effect tube still heater of vaporizer exists fault, specifically, control respectively to steam
Sending out device and respectively imitating the sampling control valve of tube still heater is open mode；And control vacuum pump unlatching, gathered respectively by probe tube
Each effect product water sample at described each effect tube still heater；Detect the salinity in described each effect product water sample respectively, when
Determine when the salinity in current effect product water sample exceeds standard, determine that the tube still heater of described current effect exists fault.
Such as, if it is desired to gather the product water of an effect tube still heater product water pipeline, then control the first control valve and open,
Close other sampling control valves, control vacuum pump and open, under negative pressure state, gather product water sample by the first probe tube.Press
Other product water respectively imitating product water pipeline can be gathered according to same principle.
Here, when each effect tube still heater the most normally works, described method also includes: gather described vaporizer product water
4th product water sample of pump outlet；Detect the salinity in described 4th product water sample, when determining described the four one-tenth
When salinity in product water sample is higher than the salinity in described 3rd product water sample, it is determined that the end effect of described vaporizer is cold
There is fault in condenser.
It addition, when determining that end effect condenser exists fault by the salinity in the described 4th product water sample of detection, but
Not can determine that it is which root heat exchanger tube exists fault on earth, then boost control can be utilized to enter in the housing of end effect condenser
Row pressurising, when having air pressure in a certain heat exchanger tube detected in described end effect condenser, it is determined that current heat exchanger tube exists
Leakage.Wherein, described boost control is specifically as follows pressure charging valve.
Further, when the heat exchanger tube fault in each effect tube still heater is judged, can examine under seawater spraying
Sea water whether is had to flow out in looking into each effect heat exchanger tube, if certain heat exchanger tube has sea water to flow out, it is determined that current heat exchanger tube exists leakage.
Here, because pan feeding sea water has a large amount of foam, therefore in vaporizer, also include demister, be used for filtering pan feeding sea
Foam in water, when demister exists damaged, causes the salinity in product water to increase.Therefore, when the saliferous in product water
When amount exceeds standard, also should detect whether demister exists the damaged localization of faults.
It addition, because being to be separated by by baffle plate with holes between strong brine case and finished product water tank, described hole is additionally provided with swollen
Pipe, if tube expansion sealing is tight or tube expansion ruptures and strong brine all can be caused to enter in product water, causes product water salinity
Exceed standard；Therefore, when product water salinity exceeds standard, also should detect whether tube expansion occurs rupturing the localization of faults.
Certainly, most straightforward approach is that the method using color mark is to judge the quality of tube expansion.Specifically, in pan feeding sea
Water adds stain, if tube expansion ruptures or seals untight words, then finished product water tank also can be colored and then permissible
Intuitive judgment tube expansion breaks down.
The method judging sea water desalting equipment fault that the present embodiment provides, can be in the work process of sea water desalting equipment
In, i.e. quickly product water is sampled under negative pressure state, and it is next fast to detect product water salinity on the basis of non-stop-machine
Speed, accurately judge the reason that sea water desalting equipment breaks down, improve overhaul efficiency, and then the production of raising sea water desalting equipment
Efficiency.
Embodiment two
Corresponding to embodiment one, the present embodiment can utilize the strong brine system that embodiment one sea water desalting equipment produces
Standby seawater bactericide, implements process as follows:
Take 1m3Strong brine, at 1m3Strong brine in add 5～6kg sodium carbonate, reacted, precipitate, filters after acquisition the
One solution.Wherein, the concrete weight of described sodium carbonate may include that 5.2kg, 5.5kg or 5.8kg.
Specifically, in the first reactor, add 1m3Strong brine in and 5～6kg sodium carbonate after, both react,
After reaction, obtain the first reaction solution；Utilize the first settler to be settled by described first reaction solution, obtain first molten
Liquid (solution on the i.e. first settler upper strata)；By the first filter membrane filtering said first solution.Wherein, described first filter membrane
Specifically can include ultrafilter membrane etc..
Here, the dense water of ultrafiltration being filtrated to get through the first filter membrane also with sedimentation after the calcium carbonate dirty solution (i.e. the that obtains
The solution of one settler lower floor) sequentially enter the first filter together and the first pressure filter is dehydrated, preparation becomes calcium carbonate.
After the first solution after getting filtration, described first solution adds 3～3.5kg sodium hydroxide, through anti-
Answer, precipitate, filter after obtain the second solution.Wherein, the concrete weight of described sodium hydroxide may include that 3.2kg, 3.3kg or
3.4kg。
Specifically, after the first solution after getting filtration, the first solution is introduced in the second reactor, and
One solution adds 3～3.5kg sodium hydroxide, after both react, obtains the second reaction solution, utilize the second settler to incite somebody to action
Described second reaction solution settles, and obtains the second solution (solution on the i.e. second settler upper strata)；By the second filter membrane
Filter described second solution.Wherein, described second filter membrane specifically can include ultrafilter membrane etc..The hardness of described second solution is
20～30mg/L, it is preferable that be 21 ,/25 or 28mg/L.
Here, the dense water of ultrafiltration being filtrated to get through the second filter membrane also can (i.e. second sinks with the dirty solution that obtains after sedimentation
The solution of Jiang Qi lower floor) sequentially enter the second filter together and the second pressure filter is dehydrated, preparation becomes magnesium hydroxide.
After getting the second solution, described second solution is introduced in electrolysis bath, and adds in described electrolysis bath simultaneously
Enter the hydrochloric acid 8～9kg that concentration is 33%, to regulate the pH value of described second solution.Wherein, the pH value of described second solution is 7
～9, it is preferable that it is 7.5,8 or 8.5；The weight of described hydrochloric acid can be 8.2kg, 8.5kg or 8.8kg.
When the pH value of described second solution regulates to 7～9, rectifier transformer is utilized to provide unidirectional current to described electrolysis bath
Source, to be electrolysed described second solution, generates sodium hypochlorite.
Specifically, after electrolysis bath is energized, shown in the chemical reaction such as formula (1) that anode occurs:
2Cl-→Cl2+2e (1)
Shown in the chemical reaction such as formula (2) that negative electrode occurs:
2H2O+2e→H2+OHˉ (2)
Shown in the chemical reaction such as formula (3) that solution occurs:
Cl2+H2O→ClOˉ+Clˉ+2H+ (3)
The hypochlorite generated by formula (5) can suppress the growth of microorganism in sea water as antibacterial.Described electrolysis
The second solution afterwards can store to storage tank.
The method utilizing strong brine to prepare antibacterial provided in the present embodiment, by the strong brine after use decalcification de-magging
Carry out Electrowinning sodium hypochlorite as antibacterial, utilize the high-temperature of strong brine can effectively reduce power consumption；Utilize strong brine
High salinity (chlorine ion concentration is higher) electrolytic efficiency can be effectively improved；Further, when the calcium ions and magnesium ions concentration in strong brine
During reduction, can effectively reduce battery lead plate fouling risk in electrolysis bath.So, in desalting process, utilize this antibacterial
Eliminate the microorganism in sea water, it is ensured that the degree of purity of pan feeding sea water, it is possible to effectively reduce desalinization cost, improve desalination effect
Rate.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention, all
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. the method judging sea water desalting equipment fault, it is characterised in that described method includes:
The second product water sample at first product water sample of heat collecting exchanger porch and heat exchanger exit；
Detect salinity and the salinity of described second product water sample of described first product water sample；Wherein,
When the salinity determining described second product water sample is more than the salinity of described first product water sample, it is determined that institute
State heat exchanger and there is fault.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that when heat exchanger is working properly, described method also includes:
Controlling condensing hot air furnace valve is closed mode；
It is closed mode that control vaporizer respectively imitates the sampling control valve of tube still heater；
Gather the 3rd product water sample collected at pipeline of the product water of the first seven effect tube still heater production of vaporizer；
Detect the salinity in described 3rd product water sample, when the salinity determined in described 3rd product water sample is higher than institute
State the standard salinity of product water, it is determined that certain effect tube still heater of described vaporizer exists fault.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the standard salinity of described product water is no more than 5mg/L.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that when described condenser working is normal, described method also includes:
It is open mode that control vaporizer respectively imitates the sampling control valve of tube still heater；
Gather each effect product water sample at described each effect tube still heater respectively；
Detect the salinity in described each effect product water sample respectively, when the salinity determined in current effect product water sample exceeds standard
Time, determine that the tube still heater of described current effect exists fault.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Gather the 4th product water sample of described vaporizer product water pump outlet；
Detect the salinity in described 4th product water sample, when the salinity determined in described 4th product water sample is higher than institute
When stating the salinity in the 3rd product water sample, it is determined that the end effect condenser of described vaporizer exists fault.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that when determining that described end effect condenser exists fault, described side
Method also includes:
Boost control is utilized to carry out pressurising in the housing of described end effect condenser, when detecting in described end effect condenser device
A heat exchanger tube in when having air pressure, it is determined that there is leakage in current heat exchanger tube.
7. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described vaporizer includes: the first probe tube, the second probe tube,
3rd probe tube, the 4th probe tube, the 5th probe tube, the 6th probe tube and the 7th probe tube.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described sampling control valve includes: the first control valve, the second control
Valve, the 3rd control valve, the 4th control valve, the 5th control valve, the 6th control valve and the 7th control valve.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described sampling control valve also includes: the 8th control valve, described the
What the first seven effect tube still heater of eight control valves and described vaporizer produced is connected at pipeline collecting of product water.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described vaporizer also includes: vacuum pump, described vacuum pump with
Described first probe tube, described second probe tube, described 3rd probe tube, described 4th probe tube, described 5th probe tube, institute
State the 6th probe tube, described 7th probe tube and described 8th probe tube to connect.
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| CN111752315A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Temperature control method, temperature controller and temperature control system for vacuum thermal test of spacecraft |
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| CN203938495U (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-11-12 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Low temperature multiple-effect distillation seawater desalination system |
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| CN111752315A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Temperature control method, temperature controller and temperature control system for vacuum thermal test of spacecraft |
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