CN106052957A - Wind generating set blade imbalance monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Wind generating set blade imbalance monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106052957A CN106052957A CN201610303926.7A CN201610303926A CN106052957A CN 106052957 A CN106052957 A CN 106052957A CN 201610303926 A CN201610303926 A CN 201610303926A CN 106052957 A CN106052957 A CN 106052957A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
- G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a wind generating set blade imbalance monitoring method and device. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining a frequency fg corresponding to the mechanical rotating speed of a wind generator, and a frequency fr corresponding to the mechanical rotating speed of wind generating set blades; determining a sampling frequency fs of the torque or power of the wind generator according to the frequency fg, wherein fs=m*fg; obtaining k torque or power data of the wind generator according to the sampling frequency fs; carrying out the Fourier analysis on the k torque or power data, and obtaining an amplitude frequency spectrum by taking the frequency fr as a fundamental frequency; comparing the primary frequency spectrum amplitude in the amplitude frequency spectrum with other levels of frequency spectrum amplitudes, if the primary frequency spectrum amplitude is greater than the other levels of frequency spectrum amplitudes, determining that the wind generating set blades are located in an unbalanced state. According to the present invention, the operation state of the wind generating set blades can be monitored real-timely without needing to increase sensors, the cost is low, and the reliability is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, be specifically related to a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method
And device.
Background technology
In recent years wind energy turbine set scale constantly expands, and wind power generating set develops towards unit Large Copacity direction, and wind-powered electricity generation safeguards work
Making difficulty big, cost is high, and development wind power generating set running status online monitoring system is most important.
Blade captures kinetic energy as wind generator system vitals, wind power system energy by blade from wind.For
The most common three-vane wind generator group, the quality of any one blade, center of gravity, shape, setting angle or pneumatic spy
The imbalances such as property all may cause wind generator set blade imbalance fault, even causes major accident.
The monitoring running state of wind generator set blade mainly uses periodic detection or installs wind power generating set additional at present
The mode of the sensors such as vibrating sensor, X-ray, ultrasonic detection instrument.This mode exists not in time, unreliable, cost
The shortcomings such as height.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method and device, it is achieved wind-force
The on-line monitoring of generating set blade running status, low cost good reliability.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
As one aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method, the method
Comprise the following steps:
Obtain frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg, and the mechanical separator speed of wind generator set blade is corresponding
Frequency fr；And according to described fgDetermine the torque of wind-driven generator or sample frequency f of powers, wherein fs=m fg(m is
Positive integer)；
With described sample frequency fs, obtain k torque or the power data (k is positive integer) of described wind-driven generator；
Described k torque or power data are carried out Fourier analysis, and with frAmplitude frequency spectrum is obtained for fundamental frequency；
A spectral magnitude in described amplitude frequency spectrum is compared with other spectral magnitude, if a described frequency spectrum
Amplitude is more than other spectral magnitude, then judge that described wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state.
Further, further comprise the steps of: judged result is filtered.
As another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring device, this dress
Put and include:
Acquisition module, for obtaining frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg, and wind generator set blade
Frequency f corresponding to mechanical separator speedr；And according to described fgDetermine the torque of wind-driven generator or sample frequency f of powers, wherein
fs=m fg(m is positive integer)；
Sampling module, for described sample frequency fs, obtain k torque or the power data (k of described wind-driven generator
For positive integer)；
Fourier's computing module, for carrying out Fourier analysis to described k torque or power data, and with frFor fundamental frequency
Obtain amplitude frequency spectrum；
Judge module, compares a spectral magnitude in described amplitude frequency spectrum with other spectral magnitude, if institute
State a spectral magnitude and be more than other spectral magnitude, then judge that described wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state.
Further, also include: filtration module, for judged result is filtered.
The invention have the benefit that the present invention passes through voltage that uneven monitoring device detects in real time, electric current, electromotor
The torque ripple characteristic information that the information retrieval wind generator set blade imbalances such as rotating speed cause, it is not necessary to additionally increase sensing
Device can realize the running state real-time monitoring to wind generator set blade, low cost good reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the mechanical connection sketch of the wind generator set blade, gear-box and the wind-force electrical machinery that comprise change gear box；
Fig. 2 is the mechanical connection sketch of wind generator set blade and the wind-driven generator not comprising change gear box；
Fig. 3 is a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention one wind generator set blade poised state under analysis result schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention one wind generator set blade unbalanced state under result schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring device block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is further illustrated below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 6 and by detailed description of the invention.
When wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state, machine torque can produce and the ripple of blade rotational speed same frequency
Dynamic, this fluctuation can be delivered in wind-driven generator torque by mechanical system.The T of wind-driven generator torque this momenteIt is represented by
Wherein Te0For wind-driven generator torque DC component, TevFor wave component amplitude, ωmFor blade rotational speed.Fluctuation point
Amount TevCan be as the basis for estimation of wind generator set blade unbalanced state.In general, blade rotational speed ωmLess, as
Fruit accurately to extract wave component Tev, at least need continuous sampling 2～3 blade cyclic.Assume that blade rotation period is 3s, 3
The individual periodic sampling time is 9s, in the case of wind speed change faster, and 9s intra vane rotational speed omegamLarge change can occur.If
Using traditional constant duration method of sampling, then use Fourier to carry out spectrum analysis, the characteristic frequency extracted can divide
Cloth is in a wider frequency band, and easily the judgement to wind generator set blade unbalanced state interferes.And the present invention adopts
Method analyzed by sample can solve the problems referred to above well.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method, comprise the following steps:
S10, frequency f that acquisition wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg, and the mechanical separator speed of wind generator set blade
Corresponding frequency fr；And according to described fgDetermine the torque of wind-driven generator or sample frequency f of powers, wherein fs=m fg(m
For positive integer)；
As it is shown in figure 1, if wind generator system is dual feedback wind power generation system, dual feedback wind power generation system includes that wind-force is sent out
Motor blade, gear-box and wind-driven generator.Dual feedback wind power generation system is typically also equipped with code-disc, can be straight by this code-disc
Obtain to obtain frequency f corresponding to wind-driven generator mechanical separator speedg.The no-load voltage ratio of gear-box typically about 100, i.e. fg=100fr, this
Time m desirable 1, i.e. fs=fg。
If as in figure 2 it is shown, wind generator system is directly-driving wind power generation system, the typically no peace of directly-driving wind power generation system
Dress code-disc, it is impossible to directly obtain frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondinggBut, can be according to current stator voltage Vs、
Stator current Is, build rotor-position observer and rotor speed observer, frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg。
Direct wind-driven generator group blade mechanism rotating speed is identical with generator mechanical rotating speed, i.e. fg=fr, for improving frequency spectrum model
Enclosing, m typically takes 8 or above integer, desirable 100, i.e. fs=100fg。
S20, with described sample rate rate fs, (k is for the most whole to obtain k torque of described wind-driven generator or power data
Number)；
In the present embodiment, if wind generator system is dual feedback wind power generation system, the concrete method of sampling is: code detected
Dish zero-bit overlaps with wind-driven generator trunnion axis or vertical axis, sample a torque or power data.
In the present embodiment, if wind generator system is directly-driving wind power generation system, the concrete method of sampling is: electromotor
Often turn over the torque of 360/m angular samples or power data.
S30, described k torque or power data are carried out Fourier analysis, and with frAmplitude frequency spectrum is obtained for fundamental frequency；
In the present embodiment, k=2 is worked asiTime (i is positive integer), fast Fourier transform method can be used torque or merit
Rate data carry out spectrum analysis.
Specifically can carry out Fourier's calculating by below equation
Or
Wherein, Q (i) is i-th Fourier's result of calculation, Te(n)/P (n) be the n-th torque in k torque data/
Power data,Coefficient of rotary conventional in calculating for Fourier；
By below equation, described Fourier's result of calculation is calculated and obtains spectral magnitude
Wherein, Q (i)=Q (i)real+jQ(i)imag, Q (i)realRepresent Q (i) real part, Q (i)imagRepresent Q (i) imaginary part, | O
(i) | represent Q (i) modulus value, namely spectral magnitude.
If wind generator set blade rotates circle sampling n time, m=Round (360/n), Round () represent intercepting bracket
The integer part of interior data.| the O (m+1) | if | O (m) | is more than, then can be using | O (m) | as a spectral magnitude；If | O
(m) | be less than | O (m+1) |, then can be using | O (m+1) | as a spectral magnitude.
S40, a spectral magnitude in described amplitude frequency spectrum is compared with other spectral magnitude, if described once
Spectral magnitude is more than other spectral magnitude, then judge that described wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state.
In the present embodiment, compare with the size of other spectral magnitude according to spectral magnitude | O (m) | and judge wind
Whether power generator group blade is in unbalanced state.Under normal circumstances, spectral magnitude a | O (m) | and other frequency spectrum width
Value size is close, and under unbalanced state, spectral magnitude a | O (m) | is more than other spectral magnitude.Such as: if | O
(m) | it is more than | O (m-2) |, | the O (m-1) | and | O (m) | is more than, | the O (m+1) | and | O (m) | is more than, and | O (m) | is more than
| O (m+2) | a, then it is assumed that spectral magnitude is more than other spectral magnitude, and judges that wind generator set blade is in injustice
Weighing apparatus state.
Fig. 2 is analysis result under wind generator set blade poised state；Fig. 3 is wind generator set blade imbalance shape
Analysis result under state.Contrast understands, and under normal circumstances, one time spectral magnitude is basically identical with other spectral magnitude size；And
Under unbalanced state, one time spectral magnitude is significantly greater than other spectral magnitude.In abscissa represents Fu in figs. 2 and 3
The number of times of leaf change, vertical coordinate represents spectral magnitude.
In the present embodiment, in order to improve the reliability of judged result, also include: judged result is filtered.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 6, a kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring device, including:
Acquisition module, for obtaining frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg, and wind generator set blade
Frequency f corresponding to mechanical separator speedr；And according to described fgDetermine the torque of wind-driven generator or sample frequency f of powers, wherein
fs=m fg(m is positive integer)；
Sampling module, for described sample frequency fs, obtains k torque or the power data (k of described wind-driven generator
For positive integer)；
Fourier's computing module, for carrying out Fourier analysis to described k torque or power data, and with frFor fundamental frequency
Obtain amplitude frequency spectrum；
Judge module, compares a spectral magnitude in described amplitude frequency spectrum with other spectral magnitude, if institute
State a spectral magnitude and be more than other spectral magnitude, then judge that described wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state.
It should be noted that wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring device, can be self-contained unit, or be unsteady flow
A part for device controller or software module, or be a part or the software module of wind power generating set master controller.
The foregoing is only the detailed description of the invention of the present invention, these describe the principle being intended merely to explain the present invention, and
Limiting the scope of the invention can not be construed to by any way.Based on explanation herein, those skilled in the art is not
Needing to pay performing creative labour and can associate other specific implementation method of the present invention, these modes fall within the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (4)
1. a wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method, the method comprises the following steps:
Obtain frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg, and the frequency that the mechanical separator speed of wind generator set blade is corresponding
Rate fr；And according to described fgDetermine the torque of wind-driven generator or sample frequency f of powers, wherein fs=m fg(m is the most whole
Number)；
With described sample frequency fs, obtain k torque or the power data (k is positive integer) of described wind-driven generator；
Described k torque or power data are carried out Fourier analysis, and with frAmplitude frequency spectrum is obtained for fundamental frequency；
A spectral magnitude in described amplitude frequency spectrum is compared with other spectral magnitude, if a described spectral magnitude
More than other spectral magnitude, then judge that described wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state.
A kind of wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include
Step: judged result is filtered.
3. a wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring device, this device includes:
Acquisition module, for obtaining frequency f that wind-driven generator mechanical separator speed is correspondingg, and the machinery of wind generator set blade
Frequency f that rotating speed is correspondingr；And according to described fgDetermine the torque of wind-driven generator or sample frequency f of powers, wherein fs=
m·fg(m is positive integer)；
Sampling module, for described sample frequency fs, (k is for just to obtain k torque of described wind-driven generator or power data
Integer)；
Fourier's computing module, for carrying out Fourier analysis to described k torque or power data, and with frObtain for fundamental frequency
Amplitude frequency spectrum；
Judge module, compares a spectral magnitude in described amplitude frequency spectrum with other spectral magnitude, if described one
Secondary spectral magnitude is more than other spectral magnitude, then judge that described wind generator set blade is in unbalanced state.
Wind generator set blade imbalance monitoring device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include: filter
Mode block, for being filtered judged result.
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Inventor after: Zhang Qi Inventor after: Xu Guodong Inventor after: Zhou Dangsheng Inventor after: Huang Fengyi Inventor after: Wang Yunjie Inventor before: Zhang Qi Inventor before: Zhou Dangsheng Inventor before: Huang Fengyi Inventor before: Wang Yunjie |
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