CN1060517A - Freely arranged multi-selection speed variator - Google Patents
Freely arranged multi-selection speed variator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1060517A CN1060517A CN 90108408 CN90108408A CN1060517A CN 1060517 A CN1060517 A CN 1060517A CN 90108408 CN90108408 CN 90108408 CN 90108408 A CN90108408 A CN 90108408A CN 1060517 A CN1060517 A CN 1060517A
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- gear
- speed changer
- clutch
- fork
- gears
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Abstract
The invention discloses some freely arranged multi-selection speed variators, it can obtain 4 retainings by enough 3 pairs of gears, and 4 pairs of gears obtain 5～8 retainings, and 5 pairs of gears obtain 7～16 retainings.For its bottom gear of triple axle speed changer 4 grades of transmissions can be arranged, it can have 3 grades of transmissions for two axis transmissions, therefore for the speed changer of identical gear, it not only can make number of gears amount reduce, can also reduce the diameter of gear, reduce distance of shaft centers, so that reduce the volume and weight of whole speed changer, can reduce the cost of speed changer, it can replace existing transmission for vehicles fully.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of improved step type gear-shift transmission, a small amount of gear of particularly a kind of usefulness can obtain the speed changer of more gear, and it is applicable to various vehicles and needs the machinery of many grades of speed changes.
Existing automotive transmission mostly is the step type gear-shift transmission greatly, and its every grade of need be used a pair of gear, and for example, 5 pairs of gears can only obtain 5 grades.My previous invention " freewheel clutch type multi-speed transmission " has proposed can obtain 8 grades with 4 pairs of gears, can obtain 16 grades with 5 pairs of gears.But it is that in actual applications, just in time need 8 grades and 16 gear gearboxes and few.If cast out some gears, some complexity of the structure that seems again.
Purpose of the present invention will provide some can obtain 4 grades with 3 pairs of gears exactly, and the 4 pairs of gears can obtain 5～8 grades and can obtain 7～16 grades with 5 pairs of gears, and the not too complicated speed changer of structure.
Invention is accomplished like this, common triple axle speed changer, only passes to jack shaft by a pair of input gear of often nibbling by the power that input shaft transmits, and spreads out of power by a pair of output gear of every grade of usefulness of jack shaft to output shaft again.And triple axle speed changer of the present invention have two pairs or more to the input gear power is passed to jack shaft.The input gear that has also can be used as output gear.Two common axis transmissions, power by the gear transmission on the input shaft to the gear on the output shaft.And two axis transmissions of the present invention, the power that output shaft can be cogged is returned to the gear on the input shaft, by another gear is passed power back output shaft again.Because changed conventional I/O mode, some gear pair not only uses once for above-mentioned two kinds of speed changers, but repeatedly obtains using, and therefore can obtain many drive paths, has promptly increased gear.And these gears can satisfy the requirement that velocity ratio becomes Geometric Sequence.
In order to realize many grades of transmissions, the combination simultaneously of two or more clutches will be arranged sometimes, so its control system is more complicated than general speed changer.The clutch of this speed changer mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is to make the wheel shaft clutch of transferring power between gear and the axle, and as existing synchronizer, another kind is to make on the coaxial line between adjacent two gears clutch between the wheel of transferring power.In order to make control system unlikely too complicated, available sometimes mono-directional overrun clutch replaces clutch between wheel.The invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the transmission schematic representation of 4 gear gearboxes.
Fig. 2～4 are transmission schematic representation of 5 gear gearboxes.
Fig. 5～9 are transmission schematic representation of 6 gear gearboxes.
Figure 10 is the transmission schematic representation of 8 gear gearboxes.
Figure 11～14 are transmission schematic representation of 7 gear gearboxes.
Figure 15～22 are transmission schematic representation of 8 gear gearboxes.
Figure 23～31 are transmission schematic representation of 9 gear gearboxes.
Figure 32～37 are transmission schematic representation of 10 gear gearboxes.
Figure 38～39 are transmission schematic representation of 12 gear gearboxes.
Figure 40 is the transmission schematic representation of 16 gear gearboxes.
It more than is the forward gears schematic representation of triple axle continuously-meshing gear speed changer.
Figure 41 is 4 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 42～43 are 5 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 44～47 are 6 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 48 is 8 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 49～52 are 7 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 53～56 are 8 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
It more than is the forward gears schematic representation of two shaft type continuously-meshing gear speed changers.
Figure 57 is 4 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 58～59 are 5 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
Figure 60～61 are 6 gear gearbox transmission schematic representation.
It more than is the forward gears schematic representation of two shaft type carrier wheel speed changers.
Figure 62 is 4 gear gearbox drive path schematic representation.
Figure 63～65 are transmission schematic representation of 5 gear gearboxes.
Figure 66～70 are transmission schematic representation of 6 gear gearboxes.
It more than is the forward gears schematic representation of triple axle carrier wheel speed changer.
Figure 71 is a triple axle reverse gear schematic representation.
Figure 72 is a synchronizer schematic representation between wheel.
Figure 73～79th, the operating mechanism schematic representation.
Figure 80～84th, the power train example.
Specify below in conjunction with the 4th transmission system schematic representation among Fig. 4, have 4 pairs of gears among the figure, 4 top gears are Z from left to right
1, Z
2, Z
3, Z
4, 4 following gears are Z from left to right
5, Z
6, Z
7, Z
8The method for numbering serial of later example middle gear is identical therewith.Z
5, Z
6Between and Z
2, Z
3Between be the wheel shaft clutch, it can make in two side gears any one rotate with axle, making can transmitting torque between them.Z
3, Z
4Between be clutch between wheel, it can make transmitting torque or rotation respectively between two adjacent gear on the coaxial line.The connecting part of input shaft and output shaft can be placed on Z according to actual needs
3, Z
4Between.Z
1With input shaft be an integral body, Z
2Can on input shaft, freely rotate, but can not move axially.Z
6, Z
7Be a duplicate gear, as can be seen from the figure since each clutch from combination with separate, can between input shaft and output shaft, form 5 transfer routes.Be the transfer route schematic representation below the figure, the numeral in left side is to represent the most high-grade gear of direct high that is, the numeral on right side is the gear that expression is provided with overdirve gear.
Fig. 1～70 have more than 200 basic model of having only the transmission scheme of forward gears.Figure 71 has the reverse gear scheme of 17 kinds of triple axle speed changers, (two shaft type reverse gears can with reference to the triple axle reverse gear).Interosculate between them and can produce the structure of several thousand kinds of speed changers.Shown in Figure 80～84.
Figure 57 is the forward gears schematic representation of shifting slide gear speed changer.Z
1And Z
6On have one with the parallel fine rule of axle, it represent feather key, its expression gear can move axially, and gear and spool between can transmitting torque.Common this key in carrier wheel speed change and reverse gear scheme.
The gear of speed changer can be complete, Figure 38 for example, 12 gear gearboxes can be only with 11 grades or 10 grades, 9 grades etc.
Provided the gear order of each drive path among the figure, just can satisfy the requirement that velocity ratio becomes Geometric Sequence by this order gear, the order gear by other also can meet the demands sometimes.
General triple axle speed changer all is the secondary gear transmission, two axis transmissions all are the one-level transmissions, and speed changer of the present invention, triple axle can have 4 grades of transmissions, and two shaft types can have 3 grades of transmissions, so this speed changer and existing identical gear, the speed changer of same gear ratios is compared, and can reduce gear quantity, reduces gear diameter, reduce distance of shaft centers, so that reduce the volume and weight of whole speed changer.
General triple axle speed changer is only passed to jack shaft with power by input shaft by the continuously-meshing gear of a pair of input, except that direct high, at other shelves, this is always in running order to the input gear, therefore the life-span is shorter than other gear pairs more than the output gear wheel set its operating time, and this has just run counter to the principle of each part with the life-span, when other parts can also be worked, have to it is changed, increased amount of maintenance.And speed changer of the present invention has gear more than two pairs in turn to jack shaft input power, has therefore alleviated the workload of input gear, make in the speed changer all gears all the life-span close.
The wheel shaft clutch can be common synchronizer, between wheel clutch can with synchronizer improve a little and or.Shown in Figure 72, as can be seen from the figure it is equivalent to a single face synchronizer, it is not to be contained on the axle, but on the gear that is mounted in it, certainly clutch also can be engagement cover or other clutches between wheel shaft clutch and wheel, sometimes clutch can reduce shift fork quantity between replacing taking turns with mono-directional overrun clutch, simplifies operating mechanism.
Speed changer of the present invention will have the combination simultaneously of two or more clutches sometimes, so its control system wants complicated.
Have two operating handles to have controlled three shift forks among Figure 73, in fact it represented can be with the shift fork of plural operating handle control more than three.Its structure is close with existing handle structure.
The swing link type operating mechanism of Figure 74 is relatively more novel.Draw operating handle (2) during speed change to the right, by driving mechanism location cylinder (3) is risen, leave fork (4), the gear selecting knob (1) of rotating band indicating arrow carries out gear selecting then, knob (1) drives location cylinder (3) rotation by driving mechanism, the driving mechanism of drawing among the figure is universal pitch chain, positioning hole is arranged on the location cylinder, when operating handle (2) when being pushed back original position, location cylinder (3) drives corresponding fork swing to fork (4) motion, and it is mobile to drive shift fork (5), make clutch be in desired state, operating handle is got back to original position, and whole speed-change process finishes.3 forks that only draw among Figure 164 also can have 4,5 in fact so that more a plurality of.A plurality of shift forks can a shared axis of guide, and without interlocking.Location cylinder can be positioning disk, positioning plate also, not necessarily rotates during gear selecting, and the swinging plane of fork not necessarily vertically also can level or angled, can reduce the height of gearbox like this, and is favourable to remote-controlled speed changer.T shape fork can rotate around its stationary axle, so it can be transformed into the motion of a direction of location cylinder the swing of both direction.Can realize complicated speed change easily with this swing link type operating mechanism.Location cylinder (3) the relatively motion of fork (4) can be handled by a variety of mechanisms, also can adopt pneumatic or liquid cylinder realizes its action.Just make improvements slightly again and can realize the speed change semi-automation.
Figure 75 is the another kind of form of swing link type operating mechanism, and control lever shaft can move axially and rotate, and a plurality of positioning wheels are arranged on it, and it is a gear selecting when rotating in the neutral position, pushes away, is gear shift when moving two ends to.Various grooves are arranged on the positioning wheel on the control lever shaft, and it can make fork put preposition.Operating handle do not draw among the figure to the mechanism between the control lever shaft, no matter because operating handle is installed in also to be mounted on the floor on the steering column, its operating mechanism can have a variety of schemes.
Figure 76 is the modified model of Figure 75, and its improvement place is that the wheel waist of positioning wheel makes cam-shaped into, and the roller of jaw portion makes ball on the fork.It can make control lever shaft that the clutch combination is arranged when gear selecting, and the while is in conjunction with two or more clutches during so as not to gear shift.
Figure 77 is a kind of distortion of Figure 74, and it is suitable for the more situation of gear, and it can make certain clutch combination when gear selecting, and the while is in conjunction with a plurality of clutches when avoiding gear shift.Pushing operating handle (2) during gear shift, by the minor axis in the gear (3) of being inserted on (2), driven gear (3) rotates, and same hour rack (4) drives location cylinder (8) and rises.Operating handle (2) not only can push-and-pull, can also be along direction swing perpendicular to paper, cam (5) is also along with rotation when it is swung, cam path on it drives fork 6 swings, make certain clutch on-off earlier, rotate gear selecting knob (1) again, rotate by flexible axle driven gear (7), (7) carry out gear selecting by the gear driven (8) on the location cylinder (8) rotation, the gear on the location cylinder (8) can be gone up at gear (7) and slide, when operating handle (2) when retracting to the right, location cylinder (8) moves to fork (9), and make its swing, and drive clutch and carry out clutch, finish the gear shift action.
Figure 78 makes a clutch on-off earlier when operating handle utilizes cam to give in swing during gear selecting, so as not to when gear shift simultaneously in conjunction with a plurality of clutches.
Cam among Figure 77,78 and the positioning wheel of Figure 76 be shape shown not necessarily, because operating handle can only be swung a very little angle, so their parts that can just take turns, or replaces wheel with the plate of going out cam path.
Figure 79 also is a kind of operating mechanism that makes certain clutch operating opportunity earlier that utilizes gear selecting, it be applicable to operating handle be contained on the steering column or the driver away from the situation of speed changer.What it was different with existing speed changer actuating element is to have adorned a sector that has cam path on selection lever, has certain shift fork can be subjected to its control and moves.
Figure 80 is the example of one 5 gear gearbox drive part, it be the 4th forward gears scheme of Fig. 2 with Figure 71 in the combining of last reverse gear scheme.Provided the number of teeth of each gear and its each grade velocity ratio in the table 1, the velocity ratio of it each grade velocity ratio and existing speed changer is more or less the same as can be seen, can satisfy the demand fully.Its not only required gear is few, and its required shift fork is also few, because gear Z
5, Z
6Between wheel between clutch can use mono-directional overrun clutch, it does not need fork controls, its operating mechanism can be with reference to Figure 78 or Figure 79.This speed changer lacks than existing 5 gear gearboxes and uses a pair of gear as can be seen, and structure is also uncomplicated, and volume weight can also reduce.
Figure 81 also is the example of one 5 gear gearbox, and it is the combining of first scheme and Figure 71 right side alternative plan among Fig. 8, and it can obtain 6 grades originally, but the 4th grade of necessary carrier wheel speed change, therefore the 4th grade can be cast out, make 5 gear gearboxes, its each gear number of teeth and each grade velocity ratio are with reference to table 2.Its Z
8Gear must be widened, so that can while and Z
4With the reverse gear engagement, as can be seen from the figure it only controls two synchronizers and a shifting slide gear with 3 shift forks, just can realize that 5 forward gearss are synchronous entirely.
Figure 82 is the example of 6 gear gearboxes, it be among Fig. 9 among the 5th scheme and Figure 71 left side the 2nd scheme combine its Z
5, Z
6Between wheel between clutch also can use mono-directional overrun clutch.It also is to realize 6 grades entirely synchronously with 2 synchronizers of 3 fork controls and a shifting slide gear.Its each parameter can be with reference to table 3.
Figure 83 also is the example of 6 gear gearboxes, it is the combining of left side the 5th scheme among the 2nd scheme and Figure 71 among Fig. 7, and its feature is first grade and adopts 4 grades of transmissions, so gear and centre distance all can be dwindled, can further reduce the volume and weight of gearbox, its each parameter can be with reference to table 4.
Free layout formula multi-speed transmission is owing to changed the layout type of conventional transmission, therefore can obtain many grades of speed changes with a small amount of gear, that is to say for speed changer with identical gear number, can reduce the quantity of gear, and its operating mechanism is also not too complicated, therefore it can reduce the volume and weight of speed changer, reduces the cost of speed changer, and it can replace existing speed changer fully.
Claims (6)
1, some can obtain many grades step type gear-shift transmission by a small amount of gear, it is characterized in that forming driving mechanism by forward gears driving mechanism basic model and reverse gear transmission basic model, the operating mechanism that also has driving mechanism therewith to match.
2, it is characterized in that by the speed changer of claim 1 regulation on the input shaft of triple axle speed changer wheel shaft clutch or input driving gear being arranged is to have clutch between wheel on duplicate gear or the input driving gear, free gear pair is arranged in the gear pair of two axis transmissions, be that two gears in a pair of gear can both freely rotate on input shaft and output shaft, advancement mechanism Fig. 1-70 and reverse gear mechanism Figure 71 have formed driving mechanism.
3, the speed changers by claim 1,2 regulations is characterized in that some takes turns a clutch and can adopt mono-directional overrun clutch.
4, the speed changers by claim 1,2,3 regulations is characterized in that having in the operating mechanism a kind of multi-rod operating mechanism, and the difference of it and common speed changer is that operating handle can be 2,3 or 4.Each operating handle can be handled 1～3 shift fork, and the steering range of each bar can be overlapping.
5, the speed changer by claim 1,2,3 regulations is characterized in that having in the operating mechanism a kind of swing link type operating mechanism, as Figure 74～77, fork becomes the T type, fork can be around the axle rotating certain angle of oneself, shift fork can be controlled in the lower end of T shape fork, there is contact or two rollers or the ball of two band platforms the upper end, locating piece can with the fork relative movement, locating piece can be a porose or groove on tube, dish, plate, wheel, piece, the locating piece.
6, it is characterized in that having in the operating mechanism a kind of mechanism that can make some clutch on-off when the gear selecting by the speed changer of claim 1,2,3 defineds, as Figure 76～78, have cam on the operating handle, can drive cam rotation during the operating handle swing, the cam driven shift fork moves, and cam can be that wheel lacks or plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108408 CN1060517A (en) | 1990-10-10 | 1990-10-10 | Freely arranged multi-selection speed variator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108408 CN1060517A (en) | 1990-10-10 | 1990-10-10 | Freely arranged multi-selection speed variator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1060517A true CN1060517A (en) | 1992-04-22 |
Family
ID=4880989
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108408 Pending CN1060517A (en) | 1990-10-10 | 1990-10-10 | Freely arranged multi-selection speed variator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1060517A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004015302A1 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-02-19 | Yuhong Wang | A SIMPLER N-STAGE TRANSMISSION CONNECTED IN SERIES WHICH HAS 2n-SPEED |
| CN104476297A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-04-01 | 遵义金惠机械制造有限责任公司 | Lathe head gearbox operation and control mechanism |
-
1990
- 1990-10-10 CN CN 90108408 patent/CN1060517A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004015302A1 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-02-19 | Yuhong Wang | A SIMPLER N-STAGE TRANSMISSION CONNECTED IN SERIES WHICH HAS 2n-SPEED |
| CN104476297A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-04-01 | 遵义金惠机械制造有限责任公司 | Lathe head gearbox operation and control mechanism |
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