CN106048901A

CN106048901A - Three-dimensional zigzag nanofiber compound window screen and electrostatic spinning method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN106048901A
Application number: CN201610406892.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁彬; 赵兴雷; 李玉瑶; 王珊; 印霞; 俞建勇
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University; National Dong Hwa University
Priority date: 2016-06-12
Filing date: 2016-06-12
Publication date: 2016-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-12
Also published as: CN106048901B

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional zigzag nanofiber compound window screen and an electrostatic spinning method thereof. A zigzag template receiving technique, a needle head three-dimensional arrangement technique and a gradient electric field circulation spinning technique are adopted during an electrostatic spinning process so as to obtain a three-dimensional zigzag nanofiber compound film having an adhesive-fluffy stacked structure, i.e., the three-dimensional zigzag nanofiber compound window screen; the three-dimensional nanofiber compound window screen is characterized in that the gram weight is 0.01-70 g/m2, the efficiency for filtering particles having the diameter of 0.006-1 [mu]m is greater than or equal to 80%, the resistance pressure drop is less than 25 Pa, and the light transmittance is 30-90%. The three-dimensional nanofiber compound window screen is simple in preparation process, is low in cost, is high in filtering efficiency, is low in resistance pressure drop, and has wide application prospect in the fields of individual protection and indoor air purification.

Description

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber is combined window screening and electrospinning process thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to filtering material preparing technical field, relate to a kind of three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening and electrostatic thereof Spinning process, is particularly related to a kind of circulation by template reception technique, syringe needle 3 D stereo alignment technology and gradient electric field and spins The silk window screening three dimensional tortuous nanofiber filtration material that combines of technology and electrospinning process thereof.

Background technology

The healthy of people in the haze pollution problem serious threat that China's most area persistently occurs in recent years, Haze environment dropping window ventilation with indoor cleaning become paradox, therefore, exploitation haze window screening filtering material become solution this The effective way of one contradiction.Existing haze window screening filtering material is difficult to meet high efficiency, the filtration needs of low pressure drag, nothing simultaneously Method realizes the effective protection to haze.Fibre diameter is little, aperture is little, porosity is high, structure owing to having for electrostatic spinning nano fiber The features such as adjustability is strong, its composite filter material being combined preparation with base material has the advantage such as filtration efficiency, low-drag, Thus become the ideal material of preparation high-performance window screening, there is huge using value.Disclosed in prepare Static Spinning nanometer The technology of fiber window screening filtering material has: a kind of haze nanometer window screening manufacture method (CN201410272399.9), printing opacity, thoroughly Gas, Coulomb repulsion PM2.5 air-filtering membrane and preparation method (CN201510307864.2), a kind of nano fibrous membrane window screening (CN201520278851.2), a kind of nanometer anti-fog haze screen window (CN201520338542.X), haze screen window (CN201520696501.8), the antibacterial anti-haze screen door structure of a kind of novel size adjustable self assembly DIY (CN201520785799.X), strainability research (paper) of Static Spinning polylactic acid nano fiber composite filtering material, acetic acid nanometer The preparation of fiber/PP spun-bonded non-woven air filtration composite and performance study (paper), melt Static Spinning PET was combined The preparation of filtering material and performance study (paper), the research (paper) of meltblown/spunbonded composite non-weaving cloth filtering material, Static Spinning The structural behaviour of fiber/non-woven fabric composite filter material is all directly to be sprayed by electrostatic spinning nano fiber with simulation (Master's thesis) Being coated onto on reception base material and prepare nanofiber composite filter material, prepared nanofiber composite filter material generally existed The filter problem that efficiency is on the low side, resistance pressure drop is big, therefore needs to develop the window screening filtering material of novel high-performance.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening and electrospinning process thereof, efficiently solve The problem that filtering material filter efficiency is on the low side, resistance pressure drop is big prepared by prior art；Especially with window screening and three dimensional tortuous The electrostatic spinning composite spinning technology of nano fibrous membrane, it is provided that a kind of Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber is combined window screening.

The three dimensional tortuous nanofiber of the present invention is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, carries out quiet by polymer spinning solution Electrospun, is characterized in that: use three dimensional tortuous receiving plane；The corresponding one group of spinning pin of each fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane Head, the profile that the needle point of described spinning syringe needle is constituted is consistent with described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane；Often group spinning syringe needle at least includes Left, neutralize right three rows, the spinning syringe needle of middle row just peak to each fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, left bank and the right side The centre position of the spinning syringe needle of the row fluctuating of corresponding described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane respectively, the spinning syringe needle of left bank is perpendicular to institute The song in the left side of the left side plan stating the fluctuating of three dimensional tortuous receiving plane or the fluctuating being parallel to described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane The normal direction in face, the spinning syringe needle of right row is perpendicular to the right side plan of the fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane or is parallel to The normal direction in the centre position of the curved surface on the right side of the fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane；

Described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type Three dimensional tortuous shape template uses hot melt material；

Electrostatic spinning terminates post-heating melting heat melt material acquisition three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and is combined window screening.

As preferred technical scheme:

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber as above is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, the technique of described electrostatic spinning For:

The concentration of polymer spinning solution is 10-40wt%；

Spinning order press according to spinning syringe needle in, left and right or in, circulation spinning in turn right, left, period 1-60；

The spinning syringe needle spinning parameter of middle row: voltage 15-100kV, receiving range 10-150cm, rate of flooding 0.1- 10mL/h, temperature 15-35 DEG C, humidity 5-90%, spinning time 5-300s；

The spinning parameter of the spinning syringe needle of left bank and right row is: voltage 10-90kV, receiving range 10-150cm, perfusion Speed 0.1-10mL/h, temperature 15-35 DEG C, humidity 5-90%, spinning time 5-300s；

And meet: the spinning syringe needle voltage ＞ left bank of middle row or the spinning syringe needle voltage of right row；

Or, further:

After spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by aforementioned electrostatic spinning technique, then press aforementioned electrostatic spinning technique route same width Degree reduces the voltage of 10-15% and spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, so replaces, and spinning obtains the three dimensional tortuous of stepped construction Nano-fiber composite film.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber as above is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, and the material of window screening is nylon, gold Belonging to or glass, fibre diameter is 1-50 μm, and aperture size is 3-500 μm；The three-dimensional song of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template The high h=5-40mm of folding, knuckle α=5-45 ° of folding shape.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber as above is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, it is characterised in that described go Except each tortuous unit meandering manner of receiving plane of type three dimensional tortuous shape template is triangle, trapezoidal or waveform；Triangle Shape rolls over high h=5-40mm, folding wide w=h cot α, knuckle α=5-45 °；The high h=5-40mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w=h cot α of folding+ B, folding is 2-20mm away from b, knuckle α=5-45 °；Waveform rolls over high h=5-40mm, folding wide w=5-40mm, knuckle α=5-45 °； The thickness of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is 0.1-10mm；Described hot melt material can be gelatin or agar etc., hot melt material The removing method of material can be to heat in vacuum drying oven, heating-up temperature 20-150 DEG C, heat time heating time 10-180min, or with hot steaming Vapour processes, vapor (steam) temperature 30-95 DEG C, processes time 10-180min.Each tortuous unit is one group, organizes number and be in electrospinning unit 3-20, the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 1-50.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber as above is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, described polymer spinning solution In, polymer be FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, perfluoroethylene-propylene, polypropylene, soluble poly tetrafluoroethene, Kynoar, Polyvinyl butyral resin, polystyrene, polyester, polyvinyl acetate, nylon 6, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphenyl Amine, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylonitrile, polycaprolactone, polyethylene terephthalate, politef, Polyethylene Glycol, polyurethane, polysulfones, polyether sulfone, Kynoar-hexafluoropropene, Kynoar-tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro methyl More than one in vinyl ethers or Kynoar-CTFE；

Solvent is formic acid, oxolane, water, N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, acetone, chloroform, first Phenol, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, toluene, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, butanone or More than one in methyl ethyl ketone.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber as above is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, is carried out by polymer spinning solution The three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane of electrostatic spinning gained, bulk density is 0.006-0.1g/cm³, roll over high h=5-40mm, knuckle α =5-45 °, meander-shaped is triangle, trapezoidal or waveform；Fibrous membrane intensity is 0.1-10MPa, to particle diameter 0.006-10 μm The filter efficiency of granule is 10-50%, and resistance pressure drop is at below 15Pa.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber as above is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, is carried out by polymer spinning solution The three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film of the stepped construction of electrostatic spinning gained, macroscopically in the nanofiber of three dimensional tortuous shape Film, is intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding in a thickness direction, and described three dimensional tortuous shape nano fibrous membrane loft layer bulk density is 0.006-0.084g/cm³, described three dimensional tortuous shape nano fibrous membrane tack coat bulk density is 0.01-0.1g/cm³；Fibrous membrane Rolling over high h=5-40mm, knuckle α=5-45 °, meander-shaped is triangle, trapezoidal or waveform；Fibrous membrane intensity is 5- 100MPa, filter efficiency >=80% to particle diameter 0.006-10 μm granule, resistance pressure drop is at below 25Pa.

Invention further provides a kind of three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening, bottom is common window screening, material be nylon, Metal or glass, fibre diameter is 1-50 μm, and aperture size is 3-500 μm；Upper strata be in a thickness direction in fluffy-bonding between Every the tortuous nano fibrous membrane of arrangement, its nanofiber diameter is 0.008-5 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 0.01-70g/m², receive The fibrolaminar porosity of=90% of rice；It is 30-90% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.006-1 μm Filter efficiency >=80% of grain, resistance pressure drop is at below 25Pa.

Polymer solution and UV firming agent can also be carried out composite spinning by the present invention, and complex method can be that polymer is molten Liquid/UV firming agent is blended and carries out spinning, or is combined by the perfusion syringe needle ratio adjusting both.At electrostatic spinning module list Installing ultra violet lamp in unit and receive substrate, the fiber making UV firming agent spray directly solidifies, and produces interfibrous adhesion structure, Strengthen the structural stability of nanofiber layer, improve the binding strength of nanofiber and window screening base material.Former by UV firming agent Position solidification, can improve the stripper-resistance of nanofiber layer, be greatly prolonged the service life of nanofiber window screening filtering material.

Beneficial effect:

1. the preparation method technique that the present invention provides is simple, is applicable to a series of fiber of polymer-based nano widely multiple Close the preparation of filtering material.The curved structure of nanofiber layer can increase the filter area of material, improves filter efficiency, drops simultaneously Lower resistance pressure drop, so that nanofiber window screening composite filter material has concurrently, filter efficiency is high, resistance pressure drop is low, light transmission good Performance characteristics.

2., additionally, this preparation method has good fibre structure controllability, can make by controlling the arrangement model of syringe needle It adapts with receiving surface structure, thus realizes the variation of nanofiber filtration material structure.

3. reduce on the basis of resistance pressure drop in the macrobend shape utilizing nanofiber layer, by regulation spinning away from From, change electric field level, produce the inside fluff bulk structure of nanofiber layer, reduce resistance pressure drop further.Meanwhile, utilize Interfibrous adhesion structure, strengthens the structural stability of nanofiber layer.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this Bright rather than limit the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, art technology The present invention can be made various changes or modifications by personnel, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims equally and limited Fixed scope.

Embodiment 1

A kind of three dimensional tortuous nanofiber is combined the method for electrostatic spinning of window screening, and concrete spinning technique is as follows:

1) FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer is dissolved in formic acid, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 25wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 0.1mm；The material of window screening is nylon, fiber in window screening A diameter of 50 μm, aperture size is 500 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Triangle, the triangle high h=5mm of folding, the wide w=57mm of folding, knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, group in electrospinning unit Number is 3, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 1；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 15kV, and receiving range is 150cm, rate of flooding 0.1mL/h, temperature 15 DEG C, humidity 5%, spinning time 5s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 10kV, and receiving range is 150cm, rate of flooding 0.1mL/h, temperature 15 DEG C, humidity 5%, the spinning time 5s, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction hang down Straight in left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out the filling of liquid Note switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；

4) circulation step 3) 1 time, take off three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane and melt bright at vacuum drying oven 20 DEG C heating 180min Glue pattern plate；

Test shows, the Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is bent Folding nano fibrous membrane, its nanofiber diameter is 1.02 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 0.99g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer Being 90%, it is 80% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, and the filter efficiency to the granule of particle diameter 0.006 μm is 82%, resistance Defeat and reduce to 10Pa.

Embodiment 2

1) perfluoroethylene-propylene is dissolved in oxolane, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 20wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 0.5mm；The material of window screening is glass, fiber in window screening A diameter of 50 μm, aperture size is 490 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Triangle, the triangle high h=40mm of folding, the wide w of folding is 40mm, knuckle α=45 °, and each tortuous unit is one group, in electrospinning unit Group number is 5, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 5；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 30kV, and receiving range is 80cm, rate of flooding 2mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 15%, spinning time 20s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 20kV, and receiving range is 80cm, rate of flooding 2mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 15%, spinning time 20s, Open orientation syringe needle on the left of control and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction vertical In left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out the perfusion of liquid Switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；

4) circulation step 3) 15 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane and melt fine jade at vacuum drying oven 50 DEG C heating 150min Glue pattern plate；

Test shows, the Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is bent Folding nano fibrous membrane, its nanofiber diameter is 4.423 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 17g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer Being 90%, it is 85% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, and the filter efficiency to the granule of particle diameter 0.01 μm is 80%, resistance Pressure drop is 10Pa.

Embodiment 3

1) mixture of FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer that mass ratio is 1:1 with perfluoroethylene-propylene is dissolved in N, N-dimethyl In Methanamide, form the spinning solution that concentration is 20wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 0.8mm；The material of window screening is nylon, fiber in window screening A diameter of 48 μm, aperture size is 280 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Trapezoidal, the high h=5mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w of folding is 59mm, and rolling over away from b is 2mm, and knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, spinning Organizing number in unit is 10, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 15；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 50kV, and receiving range is 67cm, rate of flooding 5mL/h, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 45%, spinning time 100s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 45kV, and receiving range is 67cm, rate of flooding 5mL/h, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 45%, the spinning time 100s, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；

4) circulation step 3) 25 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane and melt bright at vacuum drying oven 60 DEG C heating 130min Glue pattern plate；

Test shows, the Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is bent Folding nano fibrous membrane, its nanofiber diameter is 0.008 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 0.01g/m², the hole of nanofiber layer Rate is 93%, and it is 80% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, and the filter efficiency to the granule of particle diameter 0.02 μm is 82%, resistance Defeat and reduce to 10Pa.

Embodiment 4

1) polyurethane is dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 22wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 1.2mm；The material of window screening is metal, fiber in window screening A diameter of 46 μm, aperture size is 470 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Trapezoidal, the high h=40mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w of folding is 60mm, and rolling over away from b is 20mm, and knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, spins Organizing number in silk unit is 15, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 30；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 65kV, and receiving range is 10cm, rate of flooding 6mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 60%, spinning time 150s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 55kV, and receiving range is 10cm, rate of flooding 6mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 60%, the spinning time 150s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；

4) circulation step 3) 40 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane and in 80 DEG C of steam, process 120min melt agar Template；

Test shows, the Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is bent Folding nano fibrous membrane, its nanofiber diameter is 1.012 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 14g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer Being 91%, it is 36% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, and the filter efficiency to the granule of particle diameter 0.3 μm is 83%, resistance Pressure drop is 14.5Pa.

Embodiment 5

1) by soluble in water for soluble poly tetrafluoroethene, the spinning solution that concentration is 25wt% is formed；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 0.6mm；The material of window screening is nylon, fiber in window screening A diameter of 44 μm, aperture size is 300 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Waveform, the waveform high h=5mm of folding, the wide w=5mm of folding, knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, group in electrospinning unit Number is 18, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 40；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 90kV, and receiving range is 23cm, rate of flooding 8mL/h, temperature 30 DEG C, humidity 80%, spinning time 250s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 80kV, and receiving range is 23cm, rate of flooding 8mL/h, temperature 30 DEG C, humidity 80%, the spinning time 250s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；

4) circulation step 3) 50 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane in 60 DEG C of steam, process 40min molten gelatin Template；

Test shows, the Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is bent Folding nano fibrous membrane, its nanofiber diameter is 0.673 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 21g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer Being 90%, it is 61% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, and the filter efficiency to the granule of particle diameter 0.5 μm is 88%, resistance Pressure drop is 11.5Pa.

Embodiment 6

1) Kynoar is dissolved in acetone, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 18wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 2mm；The material of window screening is glass, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 42 μm, and aperture size is 450 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is ripple Shape wave, the waveform high h=40mm of folding, the wide w=40mm of folding, knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, group in electrospinning unit Number is 20, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 50；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 100kV, and receiving range is 12cm, rate of flooding 10mL/h, temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 90%, spinning time 300s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulation Technological parameter is: voltage 90kV, and receiving range is 12cm, rate of flooding 10mL/h, temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 90%, the spinning time 300s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；

4) circulation step 3) 60 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane and melt fine jade at vacuum drying oven 90 DEG C heating 100min Glue pattern plate；

Test shows, the Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is bent Folding nano fibrous membrane, its nanofiber diameter is 2.234 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 46g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer Being 91%, it is 35% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, and the filter efficiency to the granule of particle diameter 1 μm is 81%, resistance pressure Reduce to 9Pa.

Embodiment 7

1) polyvinyl butyral resin is dissolved in chloroform, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 23wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 1mm；The material of window screening is metal, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 40 μm, and aperture size is 440 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is three Dihedral, the triangle high h=5mm of folding, the wide w of folding is 57mm, knuckle α=5 °, and each tortuous unit is one group, organizes number in electrospinning unit Being 3, the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 1；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 15kV, and receiving range is 65cm, rate of flooding 0.1mL/h, temperature 15 DEG C, humidity 5%, spinning time 5s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 10kV, and receiving range is 65cm, rate of flooding 0.1mL/h, temperature 15 DEG C, humidity 5%, spinning time 5s, Open orientation syringe needle on the left of control and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction vertical In left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out the perfusion of liquid Switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure nanometer Fibrous layer has spinned；

4) after spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process more same by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process route The voltage of amplitude reduction 10% spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, and so far, fluff structure nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 1 time, take off three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film in 70 DEG C of steam, process 180min Molten gelatin template；

Test shows, prepare Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber be combined window screening, bottom is common window screening, upper strata be The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding on thickness direction, its nanofiber diameter is 0.580 μm, Nanowire Dimension grammes per square metre is 15g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 92%, and it is 66% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter The filter efficiency of the granule of 0.1 μm is 80%, and resistance pressure drop is 25Pa.

Embodiment 8

1) being dissolved in by polystyrene in the mixed solution of acetone that mass ratio is 1:1 and chloroform, forming concentration is 22wt% Spinning solution；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 3mm；The material of window screening is glass, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 38 μm, and aperture size is 500 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is three Dihedral, the triangle high h=40mm of folding, the wide w=40mm of folding, knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, group in electrospinning unit Number is 5, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 5；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 30kV, and receiving range is 140cm, rate of flooding 2mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 15%, spinning time 20s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 20kV, and receiving range is 140cm, rate of flooding 2mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 15%, the spinning time 20s, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

4) after spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process more same by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process route The voltage of amplitude reduction 11% spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, and so far, fluff structure nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 18 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film in vacuum drying oven 120 DEG C heating 110min melts agar template；

Test shows, prepare Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber be combined window screening, bottom is common window screening, upper strata be The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding on thickness direction, its nanofiber diameter is 2.287 μm, Nanowire Dimension grammes per square metre is 55g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 91%, and it is 68% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter The filter efficiency of the granule of 0.3 μm is 86%, and resistance pressure drop is 11Pa.

Embodiment 9

1) polyester is dissolved in cresol, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 28wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 5mm；The material of window screening is nylon, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 36 μm, and aperture size is 420 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is ladder Shape, the high h=5mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w of folding is 59mm, and rolling over away from b is 2mm, and knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, spinning list Organizing number in unit is 10, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 15；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 50kV, and receiving range is 67cm, rate of flooding 5mL/h, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 45%, spinning time 100s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 45kV, and receiving range is 67cm, rate of flooding 5mL/h, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 45%, the spinning time 100s, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 25 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film in vacuum drying oven 130 DEG C heating 100min molten gelatin template；

Test shows, prepare Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber be combined window screening, bottom is common window screening, upper strata be The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding on thickness direction, its nanofiber diameter is 0.468 μm, Nanowire Dimension grammes per square metre is 60g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 91.5%, and it is 47% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to grain The filter efficiency of the granule of footpath 0.5 μm is 90%, and resistance pressure drop is 14Pa.

Embodiment 10

1) polyvinyl acetate is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 15wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 1mm；The material of window screening is metal, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 34 μm, and aperture size is 400 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is ladder Shape, the high h=40mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w of folding is 60mm, and rolling over away from b is 20mm, and knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, spinning Organizing number in unit is 15, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 30；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 65kV, and receiving range is 24cm, rate of flooding 6mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 60%, spinning time 150s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 55kV, and receiving range is 24cm, rate of flooding 6mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 60%, the spinning time 150s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

4) after spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process more same by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process route The voltage of amplitude reduction 13% spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, and so far, fluff structure nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 40 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film in 70 DEG C of steam, process 90min Melted agar template；

Test shows, prepare Static Spinning three dimensional tortuous nanofiber be combined window screening, bottom is common window screening, upper strata be The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding on thickness direction, its nanofiber diameter is 4.855 μm, Nanowire Dimension grammes per square metre is 62g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 91%, and it is 66% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter The filter efficiency of the granule of 0.6 μm is 89.5%, and resistance pressure drop is 12.5Pa.

Embodiment 11

1) nylon 6 is dissolved in methanol, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 10wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 0.8mm；The material of window screening is glass, fiber in window screening A diameter of 32 μm, aperture size is 380 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Waveform, the waveform high h=5mm of folding, the wide w=5mm of folding, knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, group in electrospinning unit Number is 18, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 40；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 90kV, and receiving range is 57cm, rate of flooding 8mL/h, temperature 30 DEG C, humidity 80%, spinning time 250s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 80kV, and receiving range is 57cm, rate of flooding 8mL/h, temperature 30 DEG C, humidity 80%, the spinning time 250s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

4) after spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process more same by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process route The voltage of amplitude reduction 14% spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, and so far, fluff structure nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 50 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film in 60 DEG C of steam, process 80min Molten gelatin template；

Test shows, the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.458 μm, nanofiber grammes per square metre For 70g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 92%, and it is 49% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.2 μm The filter efficiency of granule be 82%, resistance pressure drop is 20Pa.

Embodiment 12

1) polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in ethanol, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 35wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 10mm；The material of window screening is nylon, fiber in window screening A diameter of 30 μm, aperture size is 150 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Waveform, the waveform high h=40mm of folding, the wide w=40mm of folding, knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, in electrospinning unit Group number is 20, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 50；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 100kV, and receiving range is 40cm, rate of flooding 10mL/h, temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 90%, spinning time 300s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulation Technological parameter is: voltage 90kV, and receiving range is 40cm, rate of flooding 10mL/h, temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 90%, the spinning time 300s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

4) after spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process more same by above-mentioned electrostatic spinning process route The voltage of amplitude reduction 15% spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, and so far, fluff structure nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 60 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film in vacuum drying oven 150 DEG C heating 70min melts agar template；

Test shows, the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.125 μm, nanofiber grammes per square metre For 0.01g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 90%, and it is 58% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 1 μm The filter efficiency of granule be 80%, resistance pressure drop is 20Pa.

Embodiment 13

1) being dissolved in propanol by the mixture that mass ratio is the polystyrene of 1:1:1, polyester and nylon 6, forming concentration is The spinning solution of 21wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 2mm；The material of window screening is metal, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 28 μm, and aperture size is 10 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is three Dihedral, the triangle high h=5mm of folding, the wide w of folding is 57mm, knuckle α=5 °, and each tortuous unit is one group, organizes number in electrospinning unit Being 3, the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 1；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 15kV, and receiving range is 130cm, rate of flooding 0.1mL/h, temperature 15 DEG C, humidity 5%, spinning time 5s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 10kV, and receiving range is 130cm, rate of flooding 0.1mL/h, temperature 15 DEG C, humidity 5%, the spinning time 5s, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction hang down Straight in left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out the filling of liquid Note switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure is received Rice fibrous layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 1 time, take off three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening in vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C heating 60min molten gelatin template；

Test shows that the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.008 μm, nanofiber grammes per square metre For 70g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 90%, and it is 30% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.006 μ The filter efficiency of the granule of m is 80%, and resistance pressure drop is 25Pa.

Embodiment 14

1) polymethyl methacrylate is dissolved in the mixed solution that mass ratio is the methanol of 1:1:1, ethanol and propanol, shape Becoming concentration is the spinning solution of 24wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 2.5mm；The material of window screening is glass, fiber in window screening A diameter of 26 μm, aperture size is 200 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is Triangle, the triangle high h=40mm of folding, the wide w of folding is 40mm, knuckle α=45 °, and each tortuous unit is one group, in electrospinning unit Group number is 5, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 5；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 30kV, and receiving range is 40cm, rate of flooding 2mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 15%, spinning time 20s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 20kV, and receiving range is 40cm, rate of flooding 2mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 15%, spinning time 20s, Open orientation syringe needle on the left of control and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction vertical In left zig zag plane；Keep technological parameter constant, perfusion switch on the left of closedown, open control right lateral aspect syringe needle and go out the perfusion of liquid Switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to right zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure nanometer Fibrous layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 18 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening in vacuum drying oven 120 DEG C heating 50min melts agar template；

Test shows that the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.347 μm, nanofiber grammes per square metre For 3.6g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 92%, and it is 40% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.2 μm The filter efficiency of granule be 81%, resistance pressure drop is 24Pa.

Embodiment 15

1) polyaniline is dissolved in isopropanol, forms the spinning solution that concentration is 30wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 1mm；The material of window screening is nylon, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 24 μm, and aperture size is 350 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is ladder Shape, the high h=5mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w of folding is 59mm, and rolling over away from b is 2mm, and knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, spinning list Organizing number in unit is 10, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 15；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 25 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening and process in 80 DEG C of steam 130min molten gelatin template；

Test shows that the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.432 μm, nanofiber grammes per square metre For 47g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 94%, and it is 50% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.5 μm The filter efficiency of granule be 81.3%, resistance pressure drop is 23Pa.

Embodiment 16

1) being dissolved in butanol by Kynoar-tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro methyl vinyl ether, forming concentration is 20wt%'s Spinning solution；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 4mm；The material of window screening is metal, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 22 μm, and aperture size is 100 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is ladder Shape, the high h=40mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w of folding is 60mm, and rolling over away from b is 20mm, and knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, spinning Organizing number in unit is 15, and the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 30；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 65kV, and receiving range is 18cm, rate of flooding 6mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 60%, spinning time 150s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 55kV, and receiving range is 18cm, rate of flooding 6mL/h, temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 60%, the spinning time 150s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 40 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening in vacuum drying oven 110 DEG C heating 10min melts agar template；

Test shows that the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 5 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 5.4g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 94%, and it is 70% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.6 μm The filter efficiency of granule is 82%, and resistance pressure drop is 23.5Pa.

Embodiment 17

1) mixture that mass ratio is the Polyethylene Glycol of 1:1:1:1, polyurethane, polysulfones and polyether sulfone is dissolved in isobutanol In, form the spinning solution that concentration is 40wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is gelatin, and thickness is 5mm；The material of window screening is glass, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 10 μm, and aperture size is 50 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is ripple Shape wave, the waveform high h=5mm of folding, the wide w=5mm of folding, knuckle α=5 °, each tortuous unit is one group, organizes number in electrospinning unit Being 18, the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 40；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 90kV, and receiving range is 46cm, rate of flooding 8mL/h, temperature 30 DEG C, humidity 80%, spinning time 250s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulates work Skill parameter is: voltage 80kV, and receiving range is 46cm, rate of flooding 8mL/h, temperature 30 DEG C, humidity 80%, the spinning time 250s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 50 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening and process in 95 DEG C of steam 120min molten gelatin template；

Test shows that the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.560 μm, nanofiber grammes per square metre For 36g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 94%, and it is 80% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 0.08 μm The filter efficiency of granule be 82.5%, resistance pressure drop is 22Pa.

Embodiment 18

1) mixture that mass ratio is the polyaniline of 1:2:1, polyacrylonitrile and polycaprolactone being dissolved in mass ratio is 1:1: In the mixed solution of the butanol of 1:1, toluene, butanone and cresol, form the spinning solution that concentration is 24wt%；

2) selecting receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type three-dimensional is bent Folding shape template uses hot melt material, and hot melt material is agar, and thickness is 2mm；The material of window screening is nylon, and in window screening, fiber is straight Footpath is 1 μm, and aperture size is 3 μm, and the tortuous unit meandering manner of each of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is wave Shape, the waveform high h=40mm of folding, the wide w=40mm of folding, knuckle α=45 °, each tortuous unit is one group, organizes number in electrospinning unit Being 20, the syringe needle on each group, with left, center, right three row as a line, often organizes line number 50；

3) opening control intermediate orientation syringe needle and go out the perfusion switch of liquid, polymer solution is waved by the stretching-solvent of electric field Sending out and form nanofiber electrostatic spray on three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, spinning technology parameter is: voltage 100kV, and receiving range is 20cm, rate of flooding 10mL/h, temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 90%, spinning time 300s；It is then shut off middle perfusion switch, regulation Technological parameter is: voltage 90kV, and receiving range is 20cm, rate of flooding 10mL/h, temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 90%, the spinning time 300s, opens control right lateral aspect syringe needle and goes out the perfusion switch of liquid, adjust the conductive wire on syringe needle, make jet emission direction It is perpendicular to right zig zag plane；Keeping technological parameter constant, on the right side of closedown, perfusion switch, opens orientation syringe needle on the left of control and goes out liquid Perfusion switch, adjusts the conductive wire on syringe needle, makes jet emission direction be perpendicular to left zig zag plane；So far, adhesion structure Nanofiber layer has spinned；

5) circulation step 3) and 4) 60 times, take off three dimensional tortuous nanofiber and be combined window screening and process in 30 DEG C of steam 180min, melted agar template；

Test shows that the three dimensional tortuous nanofiber prepared is combined window screening, and bottom is common window screening, and upper strata is in thickness side The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being upwards intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding, its nanofiber diameter is 0.89 μm, and nanofiber grammes per square metre is 25g/m², the porosity of nanofiber layer is 96%, and it is 90% that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening, to particle diameter 1 μm The filter efficiency of grain is 83%, and resistance pressure drop is 21.5Pa.

The spinning technique of embodiment 19-30 is the most identical with embodiment 1-18, the technological parameter such as polymer changed The concentration etc. of kind, solvent species and polymer, and the performance of the product of preparation is as shown in the table.

Claims

1. three dimensional tortuous nanofiber is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, and polymer spinning solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, its Feature is: use three dimensional tortuous receiving plane；The corresponding one group of spinning syringe needle of each fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, described in spin The profile that the needle point of silk syringe needle is constituted is consistent with described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane；Often group spinning syringe needle at least includes a left side, neutralizes the right side Three rows, the spinning syringe needle of middle row just peak to each fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane, left bank and the spinning of right row The centre position of the syringe needle fluctuating of corresponding described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane respectively, the spinning syringe needle of left bank is perpendicular to described three-dimensional bent The normal to a surface on the right side of the right side plan rolling over the fluctuating of receiving plane or the fluctuating being parallel to described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane Direction, the spinning syringe needle of right row is perpendicular to the left side plan of the fluctuating of described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane or is parallel to described three-dimensional The normal direction in the centre position of the curved surface in the left side of the fluctuating of tortuous receiving plane；

Described three dimensional tortuous receiving plane is the receiving plane that window screening is combined removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template；Removable type is three-dimensional Meander-shaped template uses hot melt material；

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber the most according to claim 1 is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, it is characterised in that institute The technique stating electrostatic spinning is:

The spinning syringe needle spinning parameter of middle row: voltage 15-100kV, receiving range 10-150cm, rate of flooding 0.1-10mL/h, Temperature 15-35 DEG C, humidity 5-90%, spinning time 5-300s；

The spinning parameter of the spinning syringe needle of left bank and right row is: voltage 10-90kV, receiving range 10-150cm, rate of flooding 0.1-10mL/h, temperature 15-35 DEG C, humidity 5-90%, spinning time 5-300s；

Or, further:

After spinning one layer of nano fibrous membrane by aforementioned electrostatic spinning technique, then press aforementioned electrostatic spinning technique route and drop with amplitude The voltage of low 10-15% spins one layer of fluffy nano fibrous membrane, so replaces, and spinning obtains the three dimensional tortuous nanometer of stepped construction Composite fiber membrane.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber the most according to claim 1 is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, it is characterised in that window The material of yarn is nylon, metal or glass, and fibre diameter is 1-50 μm, and aperture size is 3-500 μm；Removable type three dimensional tortuous The high h=5-40mm of folding of the three dimensional tortuous shape of shape template, knuckle α=5-45 °.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber the most according to claim 1 is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, it is characterised in that institute Each the tortuous unit meandering manner of receiving plane stating removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is triangle, trapezoidal or wave Shape；Triangle rolls over high h=5-40mm, folding wide w=h cot α, knuckle α=5-45 °；The high h=5-40mm of trapezoidal folding, the wide w=of folding H cot α+b, folding is 2-20mm away from b, knuckle α=5-45 °；Waveform rolls over high h=5-40mm, folding wide w=5-40mm, knuckle α =5-45 °；The thickness of removable type three dimensional tortuous shape template is 0.1-10mm；Described hot melt material is gelatin or agar, heat The melting of melt material is to heat in vacuum drying oven, heating-up temperature 20-150 DEG C, or processes in vapours, vapor (steam) temperature 30-95℃；Each tortuous unit is one group, and organizing number in electrospinning unit is 3-20, and the syringe needle on each group is with left, center, right three row For a line, often group line number 1-50.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber the most according to claim 1 is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, it is characterised in that institute Stating in polymer spinning solution, polymer is FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, perfluoroethylene-propylene, polypropylene, soluble poly tetrafluoro Ethylene, Kynoar, polyvinyl butyral resin, polystyrene, polyester, polyvinyl acetate, nylon 6, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-methyl Acrylic acid methyl ester., polyaniline, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylonitrile, polycaprolactone, poly terephthalic acid second Diester, politef, Polyethylene Glycol, polyurethane, polysulfones, polyether sulfone, Kynoar-hexafluoropropene, Kynoar-four More than one in fluorothene-perfluoro methyl vinyl ether or Kynoar-CTFE；

Solvent be formic acid, oxolane, water, N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, acetone, chloroform, cresol, Dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, toluene, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, butanone or methyl More than one in ethyl ketone.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber the most according to claim 1 and 2 is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, and its feature exists In, polymer spinning solution is carried out the three dimensional tortuous nano fibrous membrane of electrostatic spinning gained, bulk density is 0.006-0.1g/ cm³, roll over high h=5-40mm, knuckle α=5-45 °, meander-shaped is triangle, trapezoidal or waveform；Fibrous membrane intensity is 0.1- 10MPa, the filter efficiency to particle diameter 0.006-10 μm granule is 10-50%, and resistance pressure drop is at below 15Pa.

Three dimensional tortuous nanofiber the most according to claim 1 and 2 is combined the electrospinning process of window screening, and its feature exists In, polymer spinning solution is carried out the three dimensional tortuous nano-fiber composite film of the stepped construction of electrostatic spinning gained, macroscopically In the nano fibrous membrane of three dimensional tortuous shape, it is intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding in a thickness direction, described three dimensional tortuous shape Nanowire Dimension film loft layer bulk density is 0.006-0.084g/cm³, described three dimensional tortuous shape nano fibrous membrane tack coat bulk density is 0.01-0.1g/cm³；Fibrous membrane folding high h=5-40mm, knuckle α=5-45 °, meander-shaped is triangle, trapezoidal or waveform； Fibrous membrane intensity is 5-100MPa, and filter efficiency >=80% to particle diameter 0.006-10 μm granule, resistance pressure drop is at below 25Pa.

8. three dimensional tortuous nanofiber is combined a window screening, it is characterized in that: described three dimensional tortuous nanofiber is combined window screening, bottom Being common window screening, material is nylon, metal or glass, and fibre diameter is 1-50 μm, and aperture size is 3-500 μm；Upper strata be The tortuous nano fibrous membrane being intervally arranged in fluffy-bonding on thickness direction, its nanofiber diameter is 0.008-5 μm, nanometer Fiber grammes per square metre is 0.01-70g/m², the porosity of=90% of nanofiber layer；It is 30-that nanofiber is combined the transmittance of window screening 90%, filter efficiency >=80% to the granule of particle diameter 0.006-1 μm, resistance pressure drop is at below 25Pa.