CN106048459A - Manufacturing method for graphite-containing high-speed steel composite inlaid composite roll - Google Patents

Manufacturing method for graphite-containing high-speed steel composite inlaid composite roll Download PDF

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CN106048459A
CN106048459A CN201610676900.7A CN201610676900A CN106048459A CN 106048459 A CN106048459 A CN 106048459A CN 201610676900 A CN201610676900 A CN 201610676900A CN 106048459 A CN106048459 A CN 106048459A
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roll
molten metal
graphite
speed steel
liquid
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CN106048459B (en
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周守行
陆怡
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SANXIN HEAVY INDUSTRY MACHINERY Co Ltd
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SANXIN HEAVY INDUSTRY MACHINERY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/03—Sleeved rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method for a graphite-containing high-speed steel composite inlaid composite roll, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical casting. Chemical elements of B and N are introduced into a conventional high-speed steel component; MC type and/or M2C type, dotted and/or massive high-hardness alloy carbide, nitride and boride with area total percentage being 20-35% are diffused and distributed in a matrix structure of a working layer; the carbide, the nitride and the boride are firstly deteriorated, and then, graphite inoculation and modification treatment is carried out, so that graphite is separated out in the original structure, the problem of a large friction coefficient of the original conventional high-speed steel roll is further solved while the high-speed steel roll keeps specific high temperature and wear resistance advantage of the conventional high-speed steel, wear resistance of the high-speed steel is sufficiently brought into play to achieve lubricating effect between the roll and a workpiece during rolling, and thus, occurrence of a steel sticking phenomenon is prevented; and moreover, by virtue of heat conduction and lubricating property of the graphite, the defects that the high-speed steel roll is sensitive to thermal stock and heat cracks, is liable to stick steel, and is liable to have surface roughening can be improved, so that especially while the roll is used on a finished product rack, surface brightness of rolled stock is remarkably improved.

Description

The high-speed steel of a kind of graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll manufacture method
Technical field
The high-speed steel that the present invention relates to a kind of graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll manufacture method, belongs to machine casting technology Field.
Background technology
The alloy content of the outer layer (working lining) of existing conventional high rate steel roll is usually C 1.5-2.5, Si 0.2- 0.8, Mn 0.4-0.8, P≤0.05, S≤0.02, Cr 4-6, Ni 0.6-1.5, Mo 3-5, W 0-3, the metallographic group of this outer layer Do not contain graphite in knitting, and these alloying elements mainly exist with carbide form in roll tissue, the ratio of carbide Then generally between 10-20%.Granular alloy carbide ratio is relatively low, and matrix occupied area ratio is bigger than normal. Thus, roll in use, especially for finish rolling finished frame, rolling temperature is on the low side, mill speed is higher situation Under, roller substrate the stocking of low temperature, at a high speed process and be entrained in stocking surface the rubbing action of oxide skin scale under, matrix Preferentially it is worn and makes high hard carbon compound fulcrum be exposed to roller surface, being in particular in that roll (pass) skin-friction coefficient increases Greatly, brightness decline (texturing phenomenon occurs), the steel bonding of pass surface occurs time serious, affects stocking surface quality.Cause at a high speed The distinctive abrasion resistance of steel, holding roll shape ability can not effectively play, and cause roll change in advance.
Additionally, existing conventional high rate steel roll, for preparing the garden that stocking specification is bigger than normal, surface quality requirements is higher During rod finished frame, due to the linear velocity that pass is partially deep, roll pass internal groove bottom exists with ledge different radii direction Difference, cause the stocking of same section relative to solid-state sliding (rheology), the file power that roll pass surface is produced by huge solid-state sliding, Cause occurring bottom roll pass and between sidewall strain-slip folding texture, and bottom land abrasion aggravation, affect stocking precision and surface matter Amount, it is impossible to make the due antiwear characteristic of high-speed steel be not fully exerted, cause roll change in advance.
Summary of the invention
The high-speed steel that present invention firstly provides a kind of graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll.
Containing a certain amount of graphite in the tissue of the working lining that the high-speed steel of described graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll, and Area percentage total amount be the MC type of 20-35% and/or high hard alloy carbide, nitride and the boride of M2C type as Point.
Specifically, the chemical composition of the working lining that the high-speed steel of described graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll presses mass fraction Meter includes: C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5-3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, W 0-10%, B 0-0.5%, N 60-500PPM；And working lining contain work as Amount sphere diameter is in 20-50 μm, and area percentage is at the point of 0.5-1.5%, globular graphite；Meanwhile, disperse in working lining matrix It is dispersed with MC type and/or the M of area percent of total 20-35%2C-type, point-like and/or the high hard alloy carbide of bulk, nitrogen Compound, boride.
The roll shaft part of described roll uses C 0.2-1.0% cast steel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the chemical composition of working lining includes in parts by weight: C 2.0- 3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5- 3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM.
In one embodiment of the invention, between cladding material internal layer and roll shaft material, one layer of centre is also comprised Layer.Kinds of interlayer uses the half steel of carbon containing C1.2-2.5%.
The present invention also provides for a kind of method that high-speed steel manufacturing described graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll, is by dynamic Outer layer barrel, intermediate layer are prepared in state centrifugal casting, after heat treatment hot-working and machinery cold working, lead to the roll shaft prepared Cross axle sleeve to be combined hot-assembling method and carry out mechanical interference assembling, obtain the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous of combination assembling.
Described prepare outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting, be during outer layer metal liquid is come out of the stove, rotten separate out The carbon of alloy, nitrogen, boride, to reduce the alloy content in liquid metal；Carry out graphite again and breed Metamorphism treatment, at high-speed steel The matrix of outer layer barrel is formed a certain amount of graphite.
Described prepare outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting, be during outer layer metal liquid is come out of the stove, first add Grain alterant promotes the alloying element such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W to form small, the high-melting-point carbonization of disperse with the form of high-temperature solid Thing, nitride, boride particle also separate out, then add granule alterant on this basis, make dissolved state in molten metal Residual carbon, subsequently the casting solidification stage part with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
Described preparing outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting and include that furnace charge prepares, smelt, carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride become Matter processes, and graphite goes bad inoculation, plays bag cast, the high-speed steel cylinder solidification of graphitiferous and Graphite Precipitation.
Described and roll shaft that is that prepare is combined hot-assembling method by axle sleeve and carries out mechanical interference assembling, is the cylinder that will prepare Body is heated to 350～450 DEG C, through samming 1-3 hour, is vertically disposed on support by the cylinder of heating, then by mandrel microcephaly Down, slowly put into cylinder with suspender to be assembled together；Control axle, the set magnitude of interference=Φ × 0.7-0.9 ‰；By assemble The cylinder external cylindrical surface of roll, wraps up with asbestos cloth, and slow cooling is to room temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, casting outer layer barrel molten metal press mass fraction form: C 2.0- 3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5- 3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM, carry out furnace charge preparation.
In one embodiment of the invention, molten metal uses intermediate frequency furnace to smelt, and controls stokehold si content=one-tenth Product si content-0.35%；Control stokehold V content=finished product V content-0.25%；Tapping temperature T of outer sphere molten metalGo out=outer layer Liquidus temperature (the T of molten metalOutside L)+(240～300) DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, come out of the stove carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment comprises the following steps: with coming out of the stove Metal stream, pour granularity be 0.2-1mm containing vanadium 50～the vanadium alloy granule alterant of 80%, carry out carbon, nitrogen, boride become Matter processes；Vanadium alloy pours quality=outer sphere molten metal and comes out of the stove quality WOutward× 0.25%/(vanadium alloy actual containing vanadium mass fraction- Original stove includes vanadium mass fraction)/vanadium alloy absorbance %；During Metamorphism treatment, it is sufficiently stirred for, makes vanadium alloy granule go bad Agent is fully dissolved, and relies on the composition fluctuations principle of alloy liquid droplet to be catalyzed, promote the alloying element such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W with The form of high-temperature solid forms small, the high-melting-point carbide of disperse, nitride, boride particle precipitation.
In one embodiment of the invention, the graphite inoculation that goes bad comprises the following steps: when outer layer metal liquid temperature Degree=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(120～150) DEG C, remove molten metal surface residual debris, add on molten metal surface Enter the silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule of the siliceous 75-80% that granularity is 0.5-1.5mm, carry out the rotten inoculation of graphite； Silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule adds quality=outer sphere molten metal and comes out of the stove quality WOutward× 0.35%/silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule is real The absorbance % of the siliceous mass fraction in border/silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule；It is sufficiently stirred for, makes silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule Fully dissolve and be suspended among molten metal with fine droplets, and rely on the composition fluctuations principle of alloy fine droplet to urge Change, make the residual carbon with dissolved state in molten metal, in the casting solidification stage subsequently with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
In one embodiment of the invention, play bag cast and mainly comprise the steps that control pouring temperature=outer layer Molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(90～120) DEG C；Remove molten metal surface residual debris, be sprinkled into about 1mm on molten metal surface Dewatering borax or the fluorite auxiliaryization slag of thickness make refractory oxide impurity dilute, and with molten steel isolation of purified；By molten metal By depositing funnel, in horizontal chute pours into the centrifugal casting mould in high speed rotating, then in the cylindrical metallic liquid being rotating Surface spills into 3-4mm heavy sheet glass covering slag, plays inner surface insulation, anti-oxidation effect.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high-speed steel cylinder solidification of graphitiferous and Graphite Precipitation, be that monitoring is centrifugal Cylindrical metallic liquid internal surface temperature in casting mold, molten metal temperature is at liquidus curve TOutside LWith solidus TOutside SBetween, it is being suspended in molten metal Among atomic little liquid modified alloy composition fluctuations catalytic action under, with the residual carbon of dissolved state, part in molten metal Separate out from liquid metal with tiny dots globular graphite form；Solidus temperature T of solidification end temp=outer sphere molten metalOutside S- (80～200) DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the cast in intermediate layer: when the outer layer metal cylinder lumen temperature of high speed rotating Degree, reaches its solidus temperature TOutside SDuring-(80～200) DEG C, pour into the kinds of interlayer molten metal prepared, control intermediate layer Molten metal pour into temperature >=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature TOutside L+ (120～150) DEG C, should meet >=intermediate layer material simultaneously Liquidus temperature TIn L+ (50～200) DEG C.Pour into the metallic intermediate layer liquid of inner chamber, by the outer layer solidified dynamically is washed away and Under corrosion, will solidify outer layer corrosion 10-20mm, and form good metallurgical binding, a small amount of outer layer alloys with outer layer Enter intermediate layer, make this layer material play buffering outer layer alloys, there is the transition zone of good obdurability simultaneously.
The present invention compared to existing technology, has some remarkable advantage following:
(1) present invention introduces B, N chemical element in conventional high rate steel constituent, in former high-speed steel antifriction alloy fulcrum class Type, by the most single carbide fulcrum, defines the compound type formed with carbide, nitride and boride.Obtain rolls Roller tissue, has possessed the high abrasion characteristic of carbide, boride, has been provided simultaneously with nitride anti-accident characteristic, has improve roll The comprehensive serviceability of tissue.Additionally, Dispersed precipitate the MC type of area percent of total 20-35% in working lining matrix And/or M2C-type, point-like and/or the high hard alloy carbide of bulk, nitride, boride, content is high, kind is many, can slow down The simple carbide projection that matrix inordinate wear in advance causes causes coefficient of friction to improve problem, and reduces the thick of roll surface texturing Rugosity rank, thus give full play to the antiwear characteristic that high-speed steel is intrinsic, play prolongation high-speed steel roll line duration, improve stocking The beneficial effect of surface quality.
(2) density of graphite is much smaller than the density of molten metal, it is impossible to be allowed to and metal liquid by the way of directly interpolation Uniformly mixing.The present invention is by first carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, then graphite goes bad this two step of inoculation, in basic stitch Indigenous graphite, so that high-speed steel roll is in addition to remaining the advantage that the distinctive high temperature of conventional high rate steel is wear-resistant, the most also solves The problem that former conventional high rate steel roll coefficient of friction of having determined is big, gives full play to the anti-wear performance of high-speed steel, plays and roll in rolling Lubrication between roller and workpiece, stops the generation of steel bonding phenomenon；And the heat conductivility of graphite, lubrication property, can improve High-speed steel roll is to thermal shock, hot tearing sensitivity, easy steel bonding, the drawback of easy surface texturing, especially when finished product frame uses, and stocking Surface-brightening degree significantly improves.
(3) high-speed steel roll of graphitiferous of the present invention uses outer cylinder body centrifugal casting, outer cylinder body to fill with mandrel interference The manufacture method joined so that its mandrel material has possessed alternative, takes into account performance and economy.
(4) present invention can also arrange one layer of intermediate layer between cladding material and roll shaft material so that outer layer cylinder On the basis of height is wear-resisting, overall obdurability is improved.Owing to intermediate layer is to be filled into outer layer half under liquid is centrifugal dynamically to coagulate Solid cylinder in so that combination interface quality be easier to control；Due to the cushioning effect of this transition zone, make mandrel material with When liquid fills out core method, outer layer alloys avoids the diffusion of transition centripetal portion, thus the alloy that avoids mandrel too high cause crisp Property increase, it is to avoid the manufacture of centrifugal compound roll and during using roll breakage accident occur.
In sum, the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous of the present invention, there is mill bar quality height, life-span length, thing wear-resisting, anti- Therefore, relative cost low, can the overall characteristic of applied range, can be widely used for Ferrous Metallurgy steel rolling field, it is desirable to wearability is good, Mill bar quality requires high shaped steel, strip, bar and wire rod rolling process field, it is adaptable to roughing, in roll, finishing stand, particularly relate to Field of steel metallurgy requires the high-speed steel roll field of the finished frame graphitiferous that stocking surface quality is high, has the wide of industry General value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, graphitiferous high-speed steel roll polishing condition under graphite structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2, the high-speed steel roll polishing etch state undertissue schematic diagram of graphitiferous.
Fig. 3, the high-speed steel bushing roller structure schematic diagram of combination of graphitiferous, 1: outer layer, 2: intermediate layer, 3: the body of roll, 4: roll neck.
Fig. 4, the high-speed steel roll combination hot charging schematic diagram of graphitiferous；Roll after A roll shaft, B cylinder, C assembling.
Detailed description of the invention
Outer layer barrel (working lining) manufacture method of the centrifugal high-speed steel roll of 1 one kinds of graphitiferous of embodiment
1) outer layer chemical composition presses mass fraction composition (%): C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2- 1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5-3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM, carry out furnace charge preparation；
2) intermediate frequency furnace is used to smelt；
3) stokehold si content=finished product si content-0.35% is controlled；Control stokehold V content=finished product V content-0.25%；
4) with the liquid of metal fever analysis-e/or determining outer sphere molten metal, solidus temperature (TL、TS)；
5) tapping temperature T is controlledGo outLiquidus temperature (the T of=outer sphere molten metalOutside L)+(240～300) DEG C；
6) come out of the stove carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment:
Process of coming out of the stove, with metal stream, pours vanadium alloy (containing V50～80%) the granule alterant that granularity is 0.2-1mm, Carry out carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment；The vanadium alloy amount of pouring=outer sphere molten metal is come out of the stove quality WOutward× 0.25%/(vanadium alloy is real Border amount-original stove Han V% includes V% amount)/V alloy absorbance %；
During Metamorphism treatment, it is sufficiently stirred for, makes vanadium alloy granule alterant fully dissolve, and rely on the dense of alloy liquid droplet Degree fluctuating principle is catalyzed, and promotes the alloying element such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W to be formed with the form of high-temperature solid small, disperse High-melting-point carbide, nitride, boride particle separate out from molten metal, be in simultaneously the Cr of dissolved state, Mo, V, W alloy concentration of element are reduced, thus lay the first stone for next step graphitization of high-speed steel.
7) graphite goes bad inoculation:
Control outer layer metal liquid temp=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(120～150) DEG C, remove molten metal Surface residual debris, adds the silicon zirconium aluminum (SiZrAl wherein Si 75-80%) that granularity is 0.5-1.5mm and breeds on molten metal surface Alloying pellet, carries out the rotten inoculation of graphite；Silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy particle loads=outer sphere molten metal is come out of the stove quality WOutwardThe actual absorbance % containing Si% amount/alloy Si of × 0.35%/SiZrAl alloy；
Be sufficiently stirred for, make silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule fully dissolve with fine droplets be suspended in molten metal it In, and rely on the composition fluctuations principle of alloy fine droplet to be catalyzed, make the residual carbon with dissolved state in molten metal, with After the casting solidification stage part with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
8) play bag to pour into a mould:
Control pouring temperature=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(90～120) DEG C.
Remove molten metal surface residual debris, be sprinkled into the dewatering borax (Na of 1mm left and right thickness on molten metal surface2B4O7) or firefly Stone (CaF2) auxiliaryization slag makes refractory oxide impurity dilute, and with molten metal isolation of purified；
By molten metal by depositing funnel, in horizontal chute pours into the centrifugal casting mould in high speed rotating, then rotate The molten metal cylindrical internal surface spills into 3-4mm heavy sheet glass covering slag, plays inner surface insulation, anti-oxidation effect；
9) the high-speed steel cylinder of graphitiferous solidifies and Graphite Precipitation
Cylindrical metallic liquid internal surface temperature in monitoring centrifugal casting mould, molten metal temperature is at liquidus curve TOutside LWith solidus TOutside SIt Between, it is being suspended among molten metal under the composition fluctuations catalytic action of atomic little liquid modified alloy, to dissolve in molten metal The residual carbon of state, part separates out from liquid metal with tiny dots globular graphite form；
Solidus temperature T of solidification end temp=outer sphere molten metalOutside S-(80～200) DEG C, i.e. degree of supercooling 80～200 DEG C Time, outer layer barrel centrifugal casting terminates；
The high-speed steel cylinder of graphitiferous, after follow-up as cast condition insulation, the demoulding, annealing, machining, quenching+tempering, Obtaining containing equivalent spherical diameter in 20-50 μm, area percentage is at the point of 0.5-1.5%, globular graphite, simultaneously matrix in also MC, M that area percentage total amount is 20-35% containing Dispersed precipitate2C-type point, bulk (Cr, Mo, V, W) high hard alloy carbonization Thing, nitride, the outer layer of high-speed steel roll of boride；
10) composite casting of metallic intermediate layer:
Connect step 9), when the outer layer metal cylinder lumen temperature of high speed rotating, reach its solidus temperature and bear 80～200 mistakes Cold degree (i.e. TOutside S-(80～200)) DEG C time, pour into the kinds of interlayer molten metal prepared, control pouring into of metallic intermediate layer liquid Temperature >=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature 120～150 spends temperature (i.e. TOutside L+ 120～150)) DEG C, should meet >=in simultaneously Interlayer material liquidus temperature 50～200 spends temperature (i.e. TIn L+ 50～200) DEG C.Pour into the metallic intermediate layer liquid of inner chamber, logical Cross and the outer layer solidified dynamically is washed away and under corrosion, will solidify outer layer corrosion 10-20mm, and formed well with outer layer Metallurgical binding, a small amount of outer layer alloys enters intermediate layer, makes this layer material play buffering outer layer alloys, has good strong simultaneously The transition zone of toughness.
Kinds of interlayer uses the half steel of carbon containing C1.2-2.5%.
Metallic intermediate layer solidifies supercool 80-120 DEG C of below end temp=metallic intermediate layer solidus temperature, i.e. TIn S- Time (80～200) DEG C, the high-speed steel cylinder of the graphitiferous with intermediate layer is centrifuged preparation and completes.
Have the high-speed steel cylinder of the graphitiferous in intermediate layer, through follow-up as cast condition insulation, the demoulding, annealing, machining, quenching+ After tempering, i.e. can get outer layer and contain equivalent spherical diameter in 20-50 μm, area percentage is at the point of 0.5-1.5%, globular graphite； Matrix, possibly together with Dispersed precipitate, MC, M that area percentage total amount is 20-35% simultaneously2C-type point, bulk (Cr, Mo, V, W) high hard alloy carbide, nitride, the high-speed steel cylinder of boride.
The high speed steel bushing of 2 one kinds of graphitiferous of embodiment, axle combination assembling roll manufacture method
According to embodiment 1 step 1)～9) prepare outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting, by embodiment 1 step 10) enter The composite casting of interline layer metal, and by corresponding heat treatment hot-working and machinery cold working, with the mandrel prepared in advance Material, uses axle sleeve to be combined hot-assembling method and carries out mechanical interference assembling, obtains combination assembling roll；
11) prepared by sleeve combination hot charging mandrel:
Sleeve combination hot charging mandrel material: C 0.2-1.0% cast steel material can be used to process by mandrel drawing；Press Assembling drawing requirement carries out semifinishing.
12) axle, set assembling
By finishing figure, mandrel outside cylinder fitting surface is carried out polish (finenessCircularity 0 0.005, cylindricityConcentricity ⊙ 0.005)；
By finishing figure, cylinder fitting surface in cylinder is carried out polish (finenessCircularity 0 0.005, cylindricityConcentricity ◎ 0.005)；
Control axle, the set magnitude of interference=Φ × 0.7-0.9 ‰, be thousand/0.7-0.9 of fitting surface diameter, to hardness control Make (stress is less) on the low side, with preferable elastoplasticity intermediate layer and the preferable mandrel of elastoplasticity (such as mild steel mandrel), interference Measure the upper limit in value；Higher to Hardness Control (stress is bigger), without elastoplasticity intermediate layer and spheroidal graphite cast-iron that elastoplasticity is poor Mandrel, magnitude of interference value lower limit.
By above-mentioned requirements, the cylinder prepared being heated to 350～450 DEG C, through samming, within 1-3 hour, (the inclined thick one of wall thickness takes The upper limit), the cylinder of heating is vertically disposed on special stand (band coordinates the cylinder heavy caliber end of seam upward), then by core Axle is little upside down, slowly puts into cylinder (being assembled together) with special hanger；
The external face of cylinder of roll barrel that will assemble, wraps up with asbestos cloth (or heat-preservation cotton), and slow cooling is to room temperature；
The roll stacks zoarium that will assemble, by finished product finishing figure, completes last retrofit.
Although the present invention is open the most as above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention, any is familiar with this skill The people of art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can do various changes and modification, therefore the protection model of the present invention Enclosing should be with being as the criterion that claims are defined.

Claims (9)

1. the high-speed steel of a graphitiferous combines the manufacture method of bushing composite roll, it is characterised in that the working lining of roll Chemical composition includes in parts by weight: C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, P≤0.05%, S≤ 0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5-3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, W 0-10%, B 0-0.5%, N 60- 500PPM；And working lining contains equivalent spherical diameter in 20-50 μm, area percentage is at the point of 0.5-1.5%, globular graphite；Meanwhile, In working lining matrix, Dispersed precipitate MC type and/or the M of area percent of total 20-35%2C-type, point-like and/or bulk High hard alloy carbide, nitride, boride；The roll shaft part of roll uses C 0.2-1.0% cast steel；At outer layer and roll shaft Between also comprise one layer of intermediate layer；
It is to prepare outer layer barrel, intermediate layer by dynamic centrifugal casting that the high-speed steel of described graphitiferous combines bushing composite roll, After heat treatment hot-working and machinery cold working, it is combined hot-assembling method with the roll shaft prepared by axle sleeve and carries out mechanical interference Assembling, obtains the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous of combination assembling；
Described prepare the step of outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting and include that furnace charge prepares, smelt, carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, graphite goes bad inoculation, plays bag cast, cylinder solidification and Graphite Precipitation；
Described carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, be during outer layer metal liquid is come out of the stove, and adds granule alterant and promotees Make the alloying element such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W with the form of high-temperature solid formed small, the high-melting-point carbide of disperse, nitride, Boride particle also separates out；
Described graphite go bad inoculation be on the basis of carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment interpolation granule alterant, make metal The residual carbon of dissolved state in liquid, forms graphite in the casting solidification stage subsequently with spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that mass fraction composition: C2.0-pressed by the molten metal of casting outer layer barrel 3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5- 3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM, carry out furnace charge preparation；Gold Belonging to liquid uses intermediate frequency furnace to smelt, and controls stokehold si content=finished product si content-0.35%；Control stokehold V content=finished product V content-0.25%；
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment include following step Rapid: with metal stream of coming out of the stove, pour granularity be 0.2-1mm containing vanadium 50～the vanadium alloy granule alterant of 80%, carry out carbon, Nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment；Vanadium alloy pours quality=outer sphere molten metal and comes out of the stove quality WOutward× 0.25%/(vanadium alloy is actual to be contained Vanadium mass fraction-original stove includes vanadium mass fraction)/vanadium alloy absorbance %；During Metamorphism treatment, it is sufficiently stirred for, makes vanadium Alloying pellet alterant fully dissolves, and relies on the composition fluctuations principle of alloy liquid droplet to be catalyzed, and promotes liquid Cr, Mo, V, W Deng alloying element with the form of high-temperature solid formed small, the high-melting-point carbide of disperse, nitride, boride particle from High-temperature liquid metal separates out.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the graphite inoculation that goes bad comprises the following steps: Remove molten metal surface residual debris, Molten metal surface adds the silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule of the siliceous 75-80% that granularity is 0.5-1.5mm, carries out the change of graphite Matter inoculation；Silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule adds quality=outer sphere molten metal and comes out of the stove quality WOutward× 0.35%/silicon zirconium aluminum is pregnant Educate the absorbance % of the actual siliceous mass fraction/silicon zirconium aluminum inoculant alloy granule of alloying pellet；It is sufficiently stirred for, makes silicon zirconium aluminum Inoculant alloy granule fully dissolves and is suspended among molten metal with fine droplets, and relies on the concentration of alloy fine droplet to rise Volt principle is catalyzed, and makes the residual carbon with dissolved state in molten metal, spherical with tiny dots in the casting solidification stage subsequently Separate out.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that play bag cast and mainly comprise the steps that Remove molten metal surface residual debris, on molten metal surface The dewatering borax or the fluorite auxiliaryization slag that are sprinkled into 1mm left and right thickness make refractory oxide impurity dilute, and separate with molten metal Purify；By molten metal by depositing funnel, in horizontal chute pours into the centrifugal casting mould in high speed rotating, be then rotating Cylindrical metallic liquid inner surface spills into 3-4mm heavy sheet glass covering slag, plays inner surface insulation, anti-oxidation effect.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described intermediate layer: Pour into the metallic intermediate layer liquid of inner chamber, by the outer layer solidified is moved State is washed away with under corrosion, will solidify outer layer corrosion 10-20mm, and forms metallurgical binding with outer layer.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described and roll shaft that is that prepare is combined hot charging side by axle sleeve Method carries out mechanical interference assembling, is that the cylinder prepared is heated to 350～450 DEG C, through samming 1-3 hour, and will the cylinder of heating Body is vertically disposed on support, then by little for mandrel upside down, slowly put into cylinder with suspender and be assembled together；Control axle, The set magnitude of interference=Φ × 0.7-0.9 ‰；The cylinder external cylindrical surface of roll that will assemble, wraps up with asbestos cloth, and slow cooling is extremely Room temperature.
8. according to the method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that preparing outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting During, the high-speed steel cylinder solidification of graphitiferous and Graphite Precipitation, be cylindrical metallic liquid internal surface temperature in monitoring centrifugal casting mould, Molten metal temperature is at liquidus curveWith solidusBetween, it is being suspended in atomic little liquid modified alloy among molten metal Composition fluctuations catalytic action under, with the residual carbon of dissolved state in molten metal, part with tiny dots globular graphite form from liquid State metal separates out；
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that kinds of interlayer is the half steel of carbon containing C1.2-2.5%.
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