CN106048179B - A kind of preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106048179B CN106048179B CN201610559366.1A CN201610559366A CN106048179B CN 106048179 B CN106048179 B CN 106048179B CN 201610559366 A CN201610559366 A CN 201610559366A CN 106048179 B CN106048179 B CN 106048179B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/006—Graphite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention announces a kind of preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate, belongs to metallurgical technology field.This method mainly by steel-making, refining, continuous casting, heating, hot continuous rolling, section cooling, batch, it is prepared by coil of strip bulk storage air cooling, skin pass rolling, the technical process such as graphitizing annealing.Wherein, in order to improve graphite rate and promote graphitizing process, pulsed magnetic field is applied during graphitizing annealing, its magnetic field intensity is 10000~30000A/m, field frequency is 20~100Hz.In the graphitization time of 3~6 hours, graphite rate can reach more than 90%, and a diameter of 3~6 μm of graphite is spherical in shape or subsphaeroidal, is evenly distributed, and Ferrite Grain Size scope is 20~30 μm；Such tissue characteristic makes steel plate have relatively low hardness and higher plasticity, the especially higher steel plate of carbon content, therefore steel plate shows good punch forming performance, helps to expand application of the middle, high-carbon plate in Irregular Shaped Parts punch forming process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, it is related to a kind of preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate.
Background technology
Middle, high-carbon plate due to higher intensity and hardness, being widely used in the fields such as machine-building and automobile,
Market demand is larger.But, because its plasticity is poor, it is difficult to straight forming, thus it is limited in Irregular Shaped Parts punching
Application in molded.
In order to improve the moulding processability of middle, high-carbon plate, the method mainly used at present is spheroidizing, such as Chen Jin
Honor is in mechanic's (hot-working) (2002, (3):Ground in the paper " 40Z steel plates isothermal spheroidizing technique " delivered on 34-35)
Studied carefully 40Z intermediate carbon steel sheet spheroidizings, it is indicated that medium carbon steel when require hardness relatively low and during toughness higher (be used for cold stamping blank),
Isothermal spheroidizing can be used.In addition, also have directly makes part lamellar pearlite nodularization by hot rolling technology control, exempt from so as to reach
The purpose of annealing, such as a kind of annealing-free medium-high carbon steel plate manufacturing process (application publication number：CN103173598A one) is disclosed
Plant in course of hot rolling makes middle, high-carbon plate directly soften online, the medium high carbon produced by high temperature coiling achievement unit bulb separation
Steel plate, and save the annealing operation after hot rolling.
High middle, high-carbon material is required for cold deformation, although by spheroidizing or exempt from Anneal Roll technique, control
The form of grain size, hardness and cementite, but be due to the presence of cementite, in punching production, not only die wear it is serious,
Life-span is low, and punching press load is excessive, it is difficult to shape finished pieces with complex shapes.
Then, people expect to obtain good punch forming performance using cementite graphitization, and develop in graphitization,
High-carbon steel (medium carbon steel C：0.25~0.36% and high-carbon steel (C：0.5~0.7%)), such as patent 1 (steel plate and its manufacture method,
Application publication number：CN101903547A a kind of hot rolled steel plate) is disclosed, its main chemical compositions and its mass percent：C：
0.30~0.70%；Si：Less than 0.10%；Mn：Less than 0.20%；P：Less than 0.010%；S：Less than 0.010%；Al：
Less than 0.05%；N：Less than 0.050%；Surplus is made up of Fe and inevitable impurity.Its manufacture method is at 800~950 DEG C
Finishing temperature under hot rolling and hot rolled plate is made, less than 500 DEG C are cooled to by 50 DEG C/more than s of average cooling rate, at 450 DEG C
Following temperature is batched, and is annealed under annealing temperature of the coil of strip below 720 DEG C.For another example (Process for of patent 2
manufacturing a medium-carbon steel plate with improved formability and
Weldability, US5454887) a kind of hot rolled steel plate is also disclosed, its main chemical compositions and its mass percent：C：
0.20~0.70%；Si：Less than 0.10%；Mn：Less than 0.20~2.0%；P：Less than 0.020%；S：Less than 0.010%；Al
(sol.)：0.01~1.00%；B：0.0003~0.0050%；N：0.002~0.010%；B/N：0.2~0.8；Surplus is by Fe
And inevitably impurity is constituted.Its manufacture method is：700~900 DEG C of finishing temperature；5~50 DEG C of cooling velocity after hot rolling/
s；400~650 DEG C of coiling temperature；In 600 DEG C~~Ac1The annealing of progress more than 1 hour in temperature range.
Compare patent 1 and patent 2, its Si content has larger difference, though too high Si contents contribute to graphitization, Si
Harden ferrite, it is difficult to which, with good moulding processability, therefore, the Si contents of patent 1 are controlled below 0.10%.For
The good graphitization effect of acquisition, graphitizing annealing time of patent 1,2 is delayed all more than tens hours (according to embodiment)
Slow graphitizing process constrains application of the middle, high-carbon plate in Irregular Shaped Parts punch forming, therefore, it is necessary to carry
Go out a kind of method of promotion graphitizing process.In addition, graphite rate is not high in patent 1, up to 77% (according to embodiment)；Patent
Graphite rate in 2 is higher, but graphitization time is all more than 20 hours.
Therefore, the present invention announces a kind of preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate, graphite rate is not only improved, and shorten
Graphitizing process.
The content of the invention
Graphitization steel plate is suitable for the punch forming of Irregular Shaped Parts, but the height of its punch forming performance, removes
Beyond control hardness, ferrite grain size, graphite, form, size and its distribution, control graphite rate is also to closing weight
Want.The present invention proposes a kind of raising graphite rate and can realize the middle and high carbon heat of graphited graphitization within a short period of time
The preparation method of rolled steel plate, mainly by steel-making, refining, continuous casting, soaking, tandem rolling, section cooling, batch, coil of strip dissipate it is empty
It is prepared by the technical process such as cold, skin pass rolling, graphitizing annealing.
The present invention is realized by following technical measures：
It is a kind of improve graphite rate the preparation process of graphitization hot rolled steel plate be：Desulfurizing iron, dephosphorization, decarburization, steel-making,
Refining, continuous casting, heating, hot continuous rolling, section cooling is batched, and coil of strip dissipates air cooling, smooth, graphitizing annealing.Wherein, in order to carry
High graphitization rate and promotion graphitizing process, hot continuous rolling is divided into recrystallization zone and Unhydrated cement rolling, and requires non-recrystallization
Area's reduction ratio >=25%, finishing temperature scope control is at 720~860 DEG C；Section cooling speed >=100 DEG C/s, and open side spray
Carry out the edge purging of layer-cold roller way；Apply pulsed magnetic field in annealing process, its magnetic field intensity：10000~30000A/m, magnetic
Field frequencies range：20~100Hz.Graphitization temperature scope is 620 DEG C~Ac1Transformation temperature, 3~6 hours graphitizing annealing time, its stone
Black rate is more than 90%, and tissue is main by a diameter of 3~6 μm graphite and diameter model spherical in shape or subsphaeroidal, be evenly distributed
Enclose the ferrite crystal grain composition for 20~30 μm.The hot rolling plate thickness that this method can be prepared is used for 4~12mm.
The chemical composition and its mass percentage content of the graphitization hot rolled steel plate are controlled：C：0.30~1.2%；
Si：0.10~0.20%；Mn：0.50~1.60%；P≤0.010%；S：≤ 0.010%；Al：0.02~0.25%；B：
0.0002~0.0060, N：0.002~0.010；Remaining content is Fe.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Shown by experimental study and theory analysis, using the preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate proposed by the present invention,
In the graphitization time of 3~6 hours, graphite rate can reach more than 90%, and a diameter of 3~6 μm of graphite it is spherical in shape or
It is subsphaeroidal, it is evenly distributed, Ferrite Grain Size scope is 20~30 μm；It is relatively low hard that such tissue characteristic has steel plate
Degree and the higher steel plate of higher plasticity, especially carbon content, therefore steel plate shows good punch forming performance, contributes to
Expand application of the middle, high-carbon plate in Irregular Shaped Parts punch forming process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technology used in the present invention route map.
Embodiment
After now embodiments of the invention are specifically described in.
Embodiment is described further to technical scheme.Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, rather than with
Any mode limits the present invention.
The present invention mainly passes through desulfurizing iron, dephosphorization, decarburization；Steel-making；Refining；Continuous casting；Heating；Hot continuous rolling；Section cooling；
Batch；Coil of strip dissipates air cooling；It is smooth；The technical process such as graphitizing annealing are realized.Wherein, in order to improve graphite rate and promotion
Graphitizing process, hot continuous rolling is divided into recrystallization zone and Unhydrated cement rolling, and requires Unhydrated cement reduction ratio >=25%, eventually
Temperature range control is rolled at 720~860 DEG C；Section cooling speed >=100 DEG C/s, and the edge of open side spirt row layer-cold roller way
Purging；Apply pulsed magnetic field in annealing process, its magnetic field intensity：10000~30000A/m, field frequency：20~100Hz.
Graphitization temperature scope is 620 DEG C~Ac1Transformation temperature, 3~6 hours graphitizing annealing time, its graphite rate more than 90%,
Tissue is main spherical in shape or subsphaeroidal by a diameter of 3~6 μm, and the graphite and diameter range being evenly distributed are plain for 20~30 μm of iron
Body crystal grain is constituted.The hot rolling plate thickness that this method can be prepared is used for 4~12mm.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of 4.0mm steel plates, technical process：Desulfurizing iron, dephosphorization, decarburization；Steel-making；Refining；Continuous casting；Heating；
Hot continuous rolling；Section cooling；Batch；Coil of strip dissipates air cooling；It is smooth；Graphitizing annealing.
The chemical composition (mass fraction/%) of the graphitization hot rolled steel plate of the present embodiment is：0.45C, 0.16Si,
0.62Mn, 0.009S, 0.008P, 0.023Al, 0.0030B, 0.005N.
Improving the main technologic parameters controlled required by graphite rate and promotion graphitizing process is：
Hot continuous rolling Unhydrated cement reduction ratio is 30%, and finishing temperature is 760 DEG C；Section cooling speed is 130 DEG C/s, stone
Inkization temperature is 680 DEG C, and the magnetic field intensity of application is 28000A/m, and field frequency is 80Hz, and the graphitizing annealing time is 5 small
When.
Analysis is sampled to graphitization hot rolled steel plate prepared by the above method, as a result shown, its graphite rate is 96%,
Be mainly observed in institutional framework --- a diameter of 3~5 μm in the subsphaeroidal, graphite that is evenly distributed and diameter range be 23~
28 μm of ferrite crystal grain.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of 6.0mm steel plates, technical process：Desulfurizing iron, dephosphorization, decarburization；Steel-making；Refining；Continuous casting；Heating；
Hot continuous rolling；Section cooling；Batch；Coil of strip dissipates air cooling；It is smooth；Graphitizing annealing.
The chemical composition (mass fraction/%) of the graphitization hot rolled steel plate of the present embodiment is：0.65C, 0.12Si,
0.86Mn, 0.008S, 0.006P, 0.026Al, 0.0020B, 0.003N.
Improving the main technologic parameters controlled required by graphite rate and promotion graphitizing process is：
Hot continuous rolling Unhydrated cement reduction ratio is 26%, and finishing temperature is 800 DEG C；Section cooling speed is 110 DEG C/s, stone
Inkization temperature is 660 DEG C, and the magnetic field intensity of application is 22000A/m, and field frequency is 60Hz, and the graphitizing annealing time is 4.6 small
When.
Analysis is sampled to graphitization hot rolled steel plate prepared by the above method, as a result shown, its graphite rate is 98%,
Be mainly observed in institutional framework --- a diameter of 4~6 μm in the subsphaeroidal, graphite that is evenly distributed and diameter range be 26~
29 μm of ferrite crystal grain.
From embodiment, using method proposed by the present invention, graphite can be prepared in shorter graphitization time
The higher middle and high carbon graphite hot rolled steel plate of rate.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of graphitization hot rolled steel plate, is for chemical composition and its mass percentage content：C：0.30~
1.2%th, Si：0.10~0.20%, Mn：0.50~1.60%, P≤0.010%；S：≤ 0.010%；Al：0.02~0.25%,
B：0.0002~0.0060, N：0.002~0.010, remaining content is Fe, and by desulfurizing iron, dephosphorization, decarburization, steel-making, essence
Refining, continuous casting, heating, hot continuous rolling, section cooling is batched, and coil of strip dissipates air cooling, the processing of flattening process process, and carries out additional arteries and veins
Rush the hot rolled steel plate of the graphitizing annealing technical process in magnetic field, it is characterised in that：In described graphitizing annealing step, in order to carry
High graphitization rate and promotion graphitizing process, apply pulsed magnetic field, its magnetic field intensity in annealing process：10000~30000A/
M, field frequency：20~100Hz；Graphitization temperature scope is 620 DEG C~Ac1Transformation temperature, 3~6 hours graphitizing annealing time,
Its graphite rate is more than 90%, and tissue is main by a diameter of 3~6 μm spherical in shape or subsphaeroidal, graphite that are evenly distributed and straight
Footpath scope constitutes for 20~30 μm of ferrite crystal grain.
2. the preparation method of the graphitization hot rolled steel plate according to claim l, it is characterised in that：The hot continuous rolling step
In, hot continuous rolling is divided into recrystallization zone rolling and Unhydrated cement rolling, and Unhydrated cement reduction ratio >=25%, finishing temperature model
System is contained at 720~860 DEG C.
3. the preparation method of the graphitization hot rolled steel plate according to claim l, it is characterised in that：The section cooling step
In, cooling velocity >=100 DEG C/s, meanwhile, the edge purging of open side spirt row layer-cold roller way.
4. the preparation method of the graphitization hot rolled steel plate according to claim l, it is characterised in that：Described hot rolling plate thickness
For 4~12mm.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106917044B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-02-26 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of stamping preparation method with graphitization cold rolling high carbon steel sheet |
| CN106947907B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-12-07 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of graphitized free-machining steel high-speed rod |
| CN107881292B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-06-07 | 北京科技大学 | A method of the solid solution of graphitizable steel graphite is realized using pulsed magnetic field |
| CN108048639B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-07-12 | 北京科技大学 | A method of improving graphitizable steel plate stamping and forming performance |
| CN111471844B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-03-05 | 北京科技大学 | Treatment method for realizing superplasticity of graphitized steel |
| CN114686654A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-01 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Bearing steel spheroidizing annealing method and system based on pulsed magnetic field |
| CN114920243A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-19 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | Coal-based graphite composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| JPH07102319A (en) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-04-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of graphitic steel |
| CN101069943A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-14 | 武汉分享科工贸有限公司 | Method for making orientation-free cold-rolled electric steel-board |
| CN101903547A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2010-12-01 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Steel sheets and process for manufacturing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050903A (en) * | 1989-10-12 | 1991-04-24 | 塞森钢股份公司 | Improve the method for the cold formability of heat-treated steel |
| JPH07102319A (en) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-04-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of graphitic steel |
| CN101069943A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-14 | 武汉分享科工贸有限公司 | Method for making orientation-free cold-rolled electric steel-board |
| CN101903547A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2010-12-01 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Steel sheets and process for manufacturing the same |
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