CN106047444A - Grinding fluid anti-blocking emulsifier special for engineering ceramics - Google Patents

Grinding fluid anti-blocking emulsifier special for engineering ceramics Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106047444A
CN106047444A CN201610366078.4A CN201610366078A CN106047444A CN 106047444 A CN106047444 A CN 106047444A CN 201610366078 A CN201610366078 A CN 201610366078A CN 106047444 A CN106047444 A CN 106047444A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
blocking
additive
grinding
alkane
grinding fluid
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Pending
Application number
CN201610366078.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴志远
董晓庆
李永
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Academy of Armored Forces Engineering of PLA
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Academy of Armored Forces Engineering of PLA
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Priority to CN201610366078.4A priority Critical patent/CN106047444A/en
Publication of CN106047444A publication Critical patent/CN106047444A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/24—Emulsion properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

A grinding fluid anti-blocking emulsifier special for engineering ceramics is provided. High-performance anti-blocking organics are added to a grinding fluid to solve the blocking problem in grinding. The grinding fluid anti-blocking emulsifier comprises an additive and a solvent and is characterized in that the structure of the additive need to have a carbon chain structure with a carbon number greater than 8 and functional groups with HLB value greater than 6. By adding high-performance anti-blocking components to alkane emulsifying liquid, the blocking problem during processing of the grinding fluid having the main component, alkane, is effectively solved; alkane is a lubricant used the most often in the field of lubricating, and the main component of an industrial emulsifying liquid is alkane, such as engine oil; however, initial related researches show that a grinding wheel will experience severe blocking when an alkane emulsifying liquid is used as a grinding fluid; the blocking of the grinding wheel will cause a great reduction in the durability and grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel.

Description

Engineering ceramics special grinding fluid anti-clogging emulsifying agent
Technical field
Alkane is that lubricating area applies most lubricants, and the main component of industrial emulsion mostly is alkane, such as machine oil etc.. But when early stage correlational study shows alkane emulsion as grinding fluid, emery wheel can produce more serious blockage problem.Wheel topography Generation can be substantially reduced durability and the grinding efficiency of emery wheel.The present invention utilizes and adds Effective Anti blocking Organic substance in grinding fluid Solve the blockage problem in grinding.
Background technology
Along with people are for organic discovery and research, existing Organic substance is to reach the kind more than 10,000,000.With Time, along with people's increase to organic attention rate, Organic substance the most gradually increases in the utilization of every field.Grinding is added For work, now for the processing of some special material, such as engineering ceramics, it is impossible to the pattern completely metal removal processed Indiscriminately imitate.By the research to ceramic special grinding fluid, the research of lot of domestic and foreign experts and scholars shows, effective utilization has The chemism of machine thing lubricating function and its functional group can processing that effectively ancillary works is ceramic.This patent is by alkane Emulsion adds Effective Anti blocking composition, effectively solves alkane and ask as the blocking in the grinding fluid course of processing of main component Topic.
Summary of the invention
Optimizing additive structure to be mainly made up of two parts, one is the structure of carbochain, the selection of a Ge Shi functional group, This patent is inferred accordingly mainly for these two parts, finally deduces the structure optimizing additive.
(1) additive carbon-chain structure is optimized
Linear chain structure is its stable in properties for branched structure, and linear chain structure is simple, again because at identical carbon Under several, the oil film thickness of formation and the stability of oil film are better than branched structure and circulus.Therefore, the structure of material is elected It is set to the carbon-chain structure of straight chain.Release from experiment, the alkane of linear chain structure when carbon number is more than 8, stable in properties, and have good Lubricant effect, for prevention wheel topography respond well.
(2) functional group optimizing additive chooses
In addition to carbon chain lengths is to improving wheel topography effect and having significantly effect, also it is had substantially by functional group Effect.The Main Function of functional group is to change organic character, is the most also indirectly to change organic HLB value, Organic substance is made to have had hydrophilic and oleophylic both character.By test, the quantity of functional group affects the polarity of its material Size, the biggest effect for improving wheel topography of polarity of polar end is the best, this is because add with polar functional group Organic substance the surface of workpiece and emery wheel is all changed so that it is band polarized, be conducive to repelling nonpolar abrasive dust, Thus improve the stopping state of emery wheel.
Engineering ceramics special grinding fluid anti-clogging emulsifying agent, including additive and solvent, it is characterised in that: the knot of additive Structure be should have simultaneously carbon number should be greater than 8 carbon-chain structure and HLB value should be greater than 6 functional group.
Further, the quality of additive is more than or equal to the 10% of solvent quality.
Further, the carbon number of additive should be greater than the carbon-chain structure of 8 is linear chain structure.
Further, solvent is paraffin.
Further, additive is n-nonanoic acid, nonyl alcohol or sodium laurate.
The application in the processing of nonpolar pottery or the processing of polarity pottery of the described emulsifying agent.
In order to simplify structure and consider additive adsorption structure in grinding process, so the optimum structure of design In functional group have and only one of which, therefore this needs the HLB value of functional group as far as possible big.As shown in table 1, this is functional group HLB value table.
The HLB value table of table 1 functional group
When the HLB value of additive is more than 6, the blockage resisting for ceramic structure is the most obvious.According to HLB value in table, intend Surely-the SO4Na (sulphuric acid sodio) that selects HLB value to be 38.7, HLB value be 21.1-COOK (acid potassio) and HLB value be 19.1 -COONa (acid sodio).But owing to-SO4Na is as the strongest functional group of polarity, so it is difficult to by the carbochain containing ten several carbon Going to neutralize its HLB value, therefore functional group selects-COOK (acid potassio) and-COONa (acid sodio).
(3) range of additive is optimized
This additive can apply simultaneously to pottery can be divided into ionic bond pottery and covalent bond pottery.Ionic bond pottery is general all It is that carbon, oxygen and some transition elements combine with metallic element, the element such as covalent bond pottery general the most all carbon, nitrogen, oxygen The covalent compound formed.For being directed to carborundum and aluminium oxide, one is covalent compound, and another is then ionizing Compound.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ceramic surface schematic diagram of the grinding test of the silicon carbide ceramics that sodium laurate emulsion is carried out
Fig. 2 is the ceramic surface schematic diagram of the grinding test of the silicon carbide ceramics that potassium stearate emulsion is carried out
Fig. 3 is the ceramic surface schematic diagram of the grinding test of the silicon carbide ceramics that n-nonanoic acid emulsion is carried out
Fig. 4 is the ceramic surface schematic diagram of the grinding test of the silicon carbide ceramics that nonyl alcohol emulsion is carried out
Fig. 5 is that the experimental result of silicon carbide ceramics and aluminium oxide ceramics is contrasted by paraffin respectively
Fig. 6 is that the experimental result of silicon carbide ceramics and aluminium oxide ceramics is contrasted by n-nonanoic acid respectively
Fig. 7 is that the experimental result of silicon carbide ceramics and aluminium oxide ceramics is contrasted by nonyl alcohol respectively
Fig. 8 is that the experimental result of silicon carbide ceramics and aluminium oxide ceramics is contrasted by month sodium silicate respectively
Fig. 9 is the wheel topography ratio after organic acid lubrication, and its trend is first to increase to subtract afterwards
Figure 10 is the wheel topography ratio after Organic Alcohol lubrication, and its trend is first to increase to subtract afterwards
Detailed description of the invention
Example one
One, checking and the analysis of additive are optimized
(1) checking of additive is optimized
Organic acid and Organic Alcohol that test is chosen are positive structure type, and its carbon number is from 3-9.Selected material Being directly appended in the emulsion of basis, emulsion based on paraffin is selected in this experiment, and the quality that selected species adds is paraffin The 10% of quality, mass ratio is 10 1.The organic basic structure that test uses is all that the alkane group of straight chain is plus one Hydrophilic polar group (-COOH ,-OH).
The material such as following table added:
Required organic acid sample tested by table 1
By test data, OriginPro9.0 is utilized to draw datagram, such as Fig. 9, shown in 10.
By 9,10 figures are it can be seen that whether organic acid or Organic Alcohol, and its trend is all first to increase to subtract afterwards.For organic acid For, the improvement to wheel topography of the propanoic acid to enanthic acid, by well to bad, enanthic acid to n-nonanoic acid is then by badly to well.Enanthic acid is a peak Value, has crossed enanthic acid, has been further added by carbon number, and it is along with the increase of carbon number, and its effect is the most obvious.When carbon number increases to 9, (n-nonanoic acid) reaches Minima.Thus, it can be known that for being directed to this test, the organic acid of carbon chain length and Organic Alcohol can well improve emery wheel and carbonization The polarity of silicon face, can form the chip removal in stable sealing coat, beneficially grinding process.
By above-mentioned experimental verification, we can draw n-nonanoic acid and the pre-blockage resisting effect of nonyl alcohol in alcohol, acid additive Preferably, for optimizing further the structure of additive, thus it is speculated that gone out two kinds of materials and be respectively sodium laurate (sodium laurate) and firmly Fat acid potassium (octadecanoid acid potassium).It is that the 10% of Quality of Paraffin Waxes adds in the emulsion of basis that both materials take respectively.So Afterwards both is carried out the grinding test of silicon carbide ceramics, the blocking journey accelerating silicon carbide ceramics artificial in experimentation Degree, verifies the lubricant effect of additive by adding different blockage resisting emulsions.Uniformly choose 6 points on emery wheel, After grinding, these 6 points are shot, then by the blocking region sectional drawing of design sketch and splice.And by above two emulsion Effect spliced map contrasts with the spliced map of n-nonanoic acid and nonyl alcohol.Such as Fig. 1,2,3,4.
From these four figures it can be seen that under the same test conditions, the effect of sodium laurate and potassium stearate will be far away Being better than the best n-nonanoic acid of effect in acids and the best nonyl alcohol of alcohol apoplexy due to endogenous wind effect, especially the best results of sodium laurate, does not has Clogging occurs.Thus, it is possible to can be very in two kinds of material whether structures being recommended of checking or the selection of functional group The good stopping state improving emery wheel, also demonstrates sodium laurate simultaneously and potassium stearate is suitable for improving the blocking of emery wheel.
Example two
(2) additive suitability on aluminium oxide ceramics is optimized
The nonpolar engineering ceramics that the pre-stage test carborundum to be directed to of this problem is this kind of, excellent in order to investigate further Changing effect and the scope of application of additive, selection aluminium oxide this kind of polarity engineering ceramics is as the object of test.
The additive selected in test has paraffin, n-nonanoic acid, nonyl alcohol and sodium laurate.Paraffin is as the base of all emulsions Plinth, should be selected as the contrast object on basis.And n-nonanoic acid and nonyl alcohol test as acids and alcohols in the best material of effect Also should be used as the subjects of contrast.Sodium laurate is best as optimizing effect in additive, can be fitted it by test It is evaluated by property.
In process of the test, the content of n-nonanoic acid, nonyl alcohol and sodium laurate is all the 10% of Quality of Paraffin Waxes, and its test method is equal Consistent with the test method of carborundum, the specification of the aluminium oxide ceramics of selection keeps consistent with the specification of silicon carbide ceramics.Test The most uniformly choosing 3 points to be sampled, 3 samples obtained all carry out picture splicing with same pixel and picture size, will The design sketch of these several groups tests contrasts with the effect of silicon carbide ceramics, its comparison diagram such as 5,6,7,8.
The environment of all tests of upper figure and the point of sampling are all consistent, from 4 groups of comparison diagrams it can be seen that paraffin, nonyl Acid, nonyl alcohol and sodium laurate application on silicon carbide ceramics are more much better than the application on aluminium oxide ceramics.But pin For optimal substance sodium laurate, it the most also can be suitable for, as seen from Figure 8 the moon Sodium metasilicate apply the effect on aluminium oxide ceramics only than sodium laurate weak effect on silicon carbide ceramics some, it improves sand Wheel stopping state is also significant.Therefore sodium laurate both can have been applied on polarity pottery and also can answer on nonpolar pottery With.
The emulsion used herein for diamond wheel grinding silicon carbide ceramics is studied, and completes emulsion and adds Add the checking of the Design and optimization additive effect of agent optimum structure and optimize the determination of the additive suitability.To a certain degree On solve diamond wheel grinding, blockage problem that silicon carbide ceramics and polarity pottery occur.The Main Conclusions of this patent is such as Under:
1, molecular characterization: the structure of optimum addn is should to have Long carbon chain and more highly polar functional group simultaneously.
2, carbon chain feature: the carbon number of the carbon-chain structure of optimum addn molecule should be greater than 8.When carbon number is identical, straight chain is tied Oil film thickness and the stability of oil film that the alkane additive of structure is formed are better than branched structure and circulus, for pre-sand control Wheel blocking effect becomes apparent from.
3, functional group: the HLB value of the functional group of optimum addn molecule should be greater than 6, for ceramic structure blockage resisting relatively For substantially.The biggest effect for improving wheel topography of polarity from the polar end of experimental result Lai Kan functional group is the best, this It is because adding the Organic substance with polar functional group the surface of workpiece and emery wheel is all changed so that it is with pole Property, be conducive to repelling nonpolar abrasive dust, thus improve the stopping state of emery wheel.
4, concentration: experiment shows that prevention wheel topography effect is bright when the quality of additive is more than the 10% of solvent quality Aobvious.
5, the scope of application: by optimizing additive proof test surface on polar oxygenated aluminum pottery, these two kinds of materials I.e. it is applicable to the processing of nonpolar pottery, is also applied for the processing of polarity pottery, but the effect being applied to polarity pottery is slightly inferior to It is applied to the effect on nonpolar pottery.

Claims (6)

1. engineering ceramics special grinding fluid anti-clogging emulsifying agent, including additive and solvent, it is characterised in that: the structure of additive Be should have simultaneously carbon number should be greater than 8 carbon-chain structure and HLB value should be greater than 6 functional group.
Emulsifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the quality of additive is more than or equal to solvent quality 10%.
Emulsifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is straight that the carbon number of additive should be greater than the carbon-chain structure of 8 Chain structure.
Emulsifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: solvent is paraffin.
Emulsifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: additive is n-nonanoic acid, nonyl alcohol or sodium laurate.
6. according to the emulsifying agent described in claim 1-5 any one in the processing of nonpolar pottery or the processing of polarity pottery On application.
CN201610366078.4A 2016-05-28 2016-05-28 Grinding fluid anti-blocking emulsifier special for engineering ceramics Pending CN106047444A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112829073A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-25 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 Method for weakening processing fragmentation damage of hard and brittle material by utilizing interface reaction

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
吴志远等: ""有机磨削液在氮化硅陶瓷磨削过程中的清洗机理研究"", 《现代制造工程》 *
吴志远等: ""烷烃磨削液应用于Si3N4陶瓷磨削时的砂轮堵塞机理及改性研究"", 《装甲兵工程学院学报》 *
陆明: "《表面活性剂及其应用技术》", 31 August 2007, 兵器工业出版社 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112829073A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-25 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 Method for weakening processing fragmentation damage of hard and brittle material by utilizing interface reaction

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Application publication date: 20161026