CN106044953B - A kind of preparation method of the porous carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode of N doping - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the porous carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode of N doping Download PDFInfo
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- CN106044953B CN106044953B CN201610378097.9A CN201610378097A CN106044953B CN 106044953 B CN106044953 B CN 106044953B CN 201610378097 A CN201610378097 A CN 201610378097A CN 106044953 B CN106044953 B CN 106044953B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4604—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for desalination of seawater or brackish water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of the porous carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode of N doping, belong to capacitive desalination electrode preparation field.Preparation method is to first pass through hydro-thermal reaction synthesis metal organic frame MIL-88-NH2, by washing, dry, high annealing and acid solution etch to obtain the N doping porous carbon of the wide aperture diameter, high graphitization that have shuttle shape rodlike；The obtained porous carbon-point of N doping, acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly and are coated on graphite paper, it is obtained by drying to arrive capacitive desalination electrode.Advantages of the present invention: (1) utilize metal organic frame for a kind of wide aperture diameter with shuttle shape club shaped structure of precursor preparation, the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material of high graphitization；(2) specific surface area, degree of graphitization and the N doping content of the porous carbon-point of shuttle shape prepared can be controlled by regulating and controlling temperature；(3) preparation is simple by the present invention, and mild condition can be used for being mass produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to capacitive desalination electrode fabrication techniques fields, and in particular to a kind of wide aperture diameter, high graphitization nitrogen mix
The preparation method of miscellaneous porous carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode.Prepared desalination electrode have high efficiency, high-speed, low energy consumption it is de-
Salt performance is suitable for high salt concentration water desalination and handles, seawater and brackish water desalination, is high efficiency, low energy consumption, inexpensive desalination skill
Art provides new approach.
Background technique
Capacitive desalination technology, i.e. capacitive deionization technology, also known as Electro Sorb, it has the high and low energy consumption of desalting efficiency, environment
The advantages that friendly is with the carbon material the reach of science and increasingly wide valued novel sea water desalinization technology of recent decades.Into
Enter 21st century, along with the rapid growth of world population and global industry process, shortage of fresh water problem is increasingly prominent
Out, it is had been very urgent to Hai Yaoshui.Traditional desalination technology, such as reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and ion exchange, due to it
The problems such as very important high energy consumption of body and poor efficiency, be no longer satisfied the requirement of mankind's intensive style social development.Capacitor is de-
The appearance of salt technology compensates for the defect of traditional desalination technology, makes low energy consumption, and efficient desalting technology has reality
Possibility.Therefore, the basic theory and practical application of the capacitive desalination technology based on Novel carbon electrode are carried out in a deep going way energetically
Research, not only has important scientific value, it is often more important that have foreseeable broad prospect of application in human social development
And realistic meaning.
In general, capacitive desalination technology mainly carries out capacitive adsorption using surface electric double layer and removes charged ion in water removal,
Therefore the porous carbon materials of specific surface area with higher and good electric conductivity become a kind of ideal capacitive desalination electrode
Material.However the capacitive desalination carbon electrode material reported at present such as active carbon, carbon aerogels, mesoporous carbon, carbon nanotube and stone
The desalination amount of black alkene etc. is relatively low, greatly limits the application of capacitive desalination technology.Develop the New Type of Carbon with high desalination amount
Material is the key that solve the above problems.
In recent years, using metal organic frame as the research of templated synthesis porous carbon materials and application worldwide by
Extensive concern.However the application study based on the derivative porous carbon materials of metal organic frame in capacitive desalination field
(Chem.Commun., 2015,51,12020-12023) still in its infancy.And synthesized by metal organic frame derivatization method
Porous carbon materials pore-size distribution is narrow (mostly micropore), and degree of graphitization is relatively low, the electronics being unfavorable for during Electro Sorb
And the transfer of ion.A kind of porous carbon materials with wide aperture diameter, high graphitization are synthesized using metal organic frame to have become
Important a research hotspot and development trend in capacitive desalination field.ChemElectroChem,2016,DOI:
10.1002/celc.201600051 reporting the porous carbon of a kind of wide aperture diameter, high graphitization, and it is applied to capacitive desalination
Field.Although achieving relatively good effect, it is still unable to satisfy the demand of practical application.In order to improve synthesized wide aperture
Diameter, high graphitization porous carbon desalination amount, a kind of improved method is to carry out N doping to synthesized porous carbon materials.So
And the processing of later period N doping increases synthesis cost, extends synthesis cycle, is unfavorable for being mass produced.Therefore, utilization is nitrogenous
Metal organic frame synthesis wide aperture diameter, high graphitization N doping porous carbon be the effective way for solving the problems, such as this.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the above-mentioned problems, proposing a kind of wide aperture diameter, high graphitization with shuttle shape club shaped structure
Nitrogen-doped porous carbon material preparation method, and be applied to capacitive desalination field.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of wide aperture diameter, high graphitization the porous carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode of N doping shuttle shape preparation method, this method
Including step in detail below；
Step 1: the preparation of electrode material
2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) and ferric chloride hexahydrate are dissolved in deionized water, vigorous mechanical agitation is uniformly mixed,
Obtain iron chloride and 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) mixed solution；Gained iron chloride and 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) mixed solution are turned
It moves on in water heating kettle and is reacted；Obtained sample centrifugation, it is dry, obtain metal organic frame MIL-88-MH2；It will be resulting
MIL-88-NH2It is placed in tube furnace, is carbonized under an inert atmosphere；Gained carbonized product is placed in hydrochloric acid solution reaction and removed and is contained
Iron component arrives N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material, that is, electrode material sufficiently after washing drying；Wherein:
The molar ratio of 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA), ferric chloride hexahydrate and deionized water is 1:0.5-2:50-100；Acutely
Mechanical stirring rate is 400-8000rpm/min, mixing time 5-10min；Hydrothermal temperature is at 60~150 DEG C, reaction
Time is 6-12h；Carbonisation under an inert atmosphere: heating rate is 2-5 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 700-900 DEG C, heat preservation
Time is 2-4h；The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 1-5M；
Step 2: the preparation of capacitive desalination electrode
By N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material made from step (1), acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are according to quality
It is then more to get the N doping in 80-100 DEG C of drying 6-12h than being uniformly coated on graphite paper after being stirred for 80:10:10
Hole carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode.
Wide aperture diameter produced by the present invention, high graphitization porous carbon materials there is unique shuttle shape club shaped structure, it is biggish
Specific surface area, good conductivity, the pore structure of high N doping content and level.
The present invention has the advantages that
It (1) is a kind of wide aperture diameter, Gao Shimo with shuttle shape club shaped structure of precursor preparation using metal organic frame
The nitrogen-doped porous carbon material of change；
(2) method provided through the invention, specific surface area, degree of graphitization and the nitrogen of the porous carbon-point of the shuttle shape of preparation
Doping content can be controlled by regulating and controlling temperature；
(3) preparation method provided by the present invention is simple for process, mild condition, can be used for being mass produced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning of obtained N doping shuttle shape porous carbon-point when carburizing temperature is 700 DEG C in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Electromicroscopic photograph figure；
Fig. 2 is the scanning of obtained N doping shuttle shape porous carbon-point when carburizing temperature is 800 DEG C in the embodiment of the present invention 2
Electromicroscopic photograph figure；
Fig. 3 is the scanning of obtained N doping shuttle shape porous carbon-point when carburizing temperature is 900 DEG C in the embodiment of the present invention 3
Electromicroscopic photograph figure；
Fig. 4 is the nitrogen adsorption desorption figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 3 gained samples；
Fig. 5 is the graph of pore diameter distribution of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 3 gained samples；
Fig. 6 is the X-ray powder diffraction figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 3 gained samples；
Fig. 7 is the photoelectron spectroscopy figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 3 gained samples；
Fig. 8 is the Electro Sorb desalination figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 3 gained samples.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention will be further elaborated.It should be understood that these embodiments are only used for
The bright present invention rather than for limiting the scope of the invention.In addition, after reading the contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the restriction of the application institute's appended claims
Range.
Embodiment 1
1) prepared by capacitive desalination electrode
At normal temperature by the ferric chloride hexahydrate of the 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) of 0.5mol and 0.5mol be dissolved in 50ml go from
It stirs 10 minutes, is transferred in the water heating kettle of 100mL after sub- water, heated 6 hours for 100 DEG C in thermostatic drying chamber.Obtained sample
Product eccentric cleaning is dried to arrive MIL-88-NH2；By acquired MIL-88-NH2It is placed in tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, heating
Speed is warming up at 700 DEG C for 2 DEG C/min and keeps the temperature 2 hours.Obtained carbonized product is performed etching into processing with 5M hydrochloric acid, is washed
Wash it is dry to get to the porous carbon-point of N doping shuttle shape (being named as NCRs-700), referring to Fig. 1.It is desorbed using nitrogen adsorption, X is penetrated
Line diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analyze synthesized porous carbon-point, it was demonstrated that it is with wide aperture diameter, high graphitization, high nitrogen doped
The characteristics of content, referring to table 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
By obtained N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material, acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are according to mass ratio
80:10:10 is uniformly coated on graphite paper after mixing evenly, then in 80-100 DEG C of drying 6-12h to get electric to capacitive desalination
Pole.
2) desalting performance is tested
The electrode prepared is subjected to device assembling, carries out desalination test.Test brine strength is 500mg/ml, applies electricity
Pressure is DC voltage 1.2V, adsorption time 40min.The variation of desalination processes concentration is measured in real time by conductivity meter, is led to
The variation for crossing solution concentration can calculate salt rejection rate under the concentration.Experimental result is shown in Fig. 8.
Embodiment 2
1) prepared by capacitive desalination electrode
At normal temperature by the ferric chloride hexahydrate of the 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) of 0.5mol and 0.5mol be dissolved in 50ml go from
It stirs 10 minutes, is transferred in the water heating kettle of 100mL after sub- water, heated 6 hours for 100 DEG C in thermostatic drying chamber.Obtained sample
Product eccentric cleaning is dried to arrive MIL-88-NH2；By acquired MIL-88-NH2It is placed in tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, heating
Speed is warming up at 800 DEG C for 2 DEG C/min and keeps the temperature 2 hours.Obtained carbonized product is performed etching into processing with 5M hydrochloric acid, is washed
Wash it is dry to get to the porous carbon-point of N doping shuttle shape (being named as NCRs-800), referring to fig. 2.It is desorbed using nitrogen adsorption, X is penetrated
Line diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analyze synthesized porous carbon-point, it was demonstrated that it is with wide aperture diameter, high graphitization, high nitrogen doped
The characteristics of content, referring to table 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
By obtained N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material, acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are according to mass ratio
80:10:10 is uniformly coated on graphite paper after mixing evenly, then in 80-100 DEG C of drying 6-12h to get electric to capacitive desalination
Pole.
2) desalting performance is tested
The electrode prepared is subjected to device assembling, carries out desalination test.Test brine strength is 500mg/mL, applies electricity
Pressure is DC voltage 1.2V, adsorption time 40min.The variation of desalination processes concentration is measured in real time by conductivity meter, is led to
The variation for crossing solution concentration can calculate salt rejection rate under the concentration.Experimental result is shown in Fig. 8.
Embodiment 3
1) prepared by capacitive desalination electrode
At normal temperature by the ferric chloride hexahydrate of the 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) of 0.5mol and 0.5mol be dissolved in 50ml go from
It stirs 10 minutes, is transferred in the water heating kettle of 100mL after sub- water, heated 6 hours for 100 DEG C in thermostatic drying chamber.Obtained sample
Product eccentric cleaning is dried to arrive MIL-88-NH2；By acquired MIL-88-NH2It is placed in tube furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, heating
Speed is warming up at 900 DEG C for 2 DEG C/min and keeps the temperature 2 hours.Obtained carbonized product is performed etching into processing with 5M hydrochloric acid, is washed
Wash it is dry to get to the porous carbon-point of N doping shuttle shape (being named as NCRs-900), referring to Fig. 3.It is desorbed using nitrogen adsorption, X is penetrated
Line diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analyze synthesized porous carbon-point, it was demonstrated that it is with wide aperture diameter, high graphitization, high nitrogen doped
The characteristics of content, referring to table 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
By obtained N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material, acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are according to mass ratio
80:10:10 is uniformly coated on graphite paper after mixing evenly, then in 80-100 DEG C of drying 6-12h to get electric to capacitive desalination
Pole.
2) desalting performance is tested
The electrode prepared is subjected to device assembling, carries out desalination test.Test brine strength is 500mg/ml, applies electricity
Pressure is DC voltage 1.2V, adsorption time 40min.The variation of desalination processes concentration is measured in real time by conductivity meter, is led to
The variation for crossing solution concentration can calculate salt rejection rate under the concentration.Experimental result is shown in Fig. 8.
1 embodiment of the present invention of table prepares total specific surface area of the different porous carbon-points of N doping shuttle shape, total pore volume, micropore ratio
Surface area and N doping content.
Note: total specific surface area, total pore volume and micropore specific area are by using BELSORP-MAX nitrogen adsorption device
Measurement (Japan Instrumentation System Co., Ltd) measures.N doping content passes through X-ray photoelectron
Power spectrum test obtains.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of the porous carbon-point capacitive desalination electrode of N doping, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: the preparation of electrode material
2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) and ferric chloride hexahydrate are dissolved in deionized water, vigorous mechanical agitation is uniformly mixed, and is obtained
Iron chloride and 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) mixed solution；Gained iron chloride and 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA) mixed solution are transferred to
It is reacted in water heating kettle；Obtained sample centrifugation, it is dry, obtain metal organic frame MIL-88-NH2；By resulting metal
Organic frame MIL-88-NH2It is placed in tube furnace, is carbonized under an inert atmosphere；It is anti-that gained carbonized product is placed in hydrochloric acid solution
Fe containing component should be removed, arrives N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material, that is, electrode material sufficiently after washing drying；Wherein:
The molar ratio of 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA), ferric chloride hexahydrate and deionized water is 1:0.5-2:50-100；Vigorous
Stirring rate is 400-8000rpm, mixing time 5-10min；Hydrothermal temperature is at 60 ~ 150 DEG C, reaction time 6-
12h；Carbonisation under an inert atmosphere: heating rate is 2-5 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 700-900 DEG C, soaking time 2-
4h；The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 1-5M；
Step 2: the preparation of capacitive desalination electrode
By N doping shuttle shape porous carbon bar material made from step (1), acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are according to mass ratio
It is uniformly coated on graphite paper after 80:10:10 stirring, then in 80-100 DEG C of drying 6-12h to get the N doping porous carbon
Stick capacitive desalination electrode.
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| CN104418315A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-03-18 | 苏州奥索特新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of ordered mesoporous carbon material with high specific surface area by using metal organic skeleton |
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