CN106044744A - Preparation method and application of graphene-lignin-based composite hierarchical pore carbon plate material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of graphene-lignin-based composite hierarchical pore carbon plate material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106044744A CN106044744A CN201610379888.3A CN201610379888A CN106044744A CN 106044744 A CN106044744 A CN 106044744A CN 201610379888 A CN201610379888 A CN 201610379888A CN 106044744 A CN106044744 A CN 106044744A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a graphene-lignin-based composite hierarchical pore carbon plate material. The preparation method is conducted according to the following steps that 1, precursor carbonizing is conducted, wherein graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate are mixed to be uniform, and the mixture is carbonized under protection of inert gas in a tubular furnace to obtain a carbide; 2, potassium hydroxide activating is conducted, wherein potassium hydroxide and the carbide obtained in the step 1 are mixed and ground to be uniform, the mixture is activated under protection of the inert gas in the tubular furnace to obtain an activated product; 3, the activated product obtained in the step 2 is immersed into hydrochloric acid to be soaked, so that impurities are removed, vacuum suction filtrating is conducted, and the product is washed by water to be neutral and dried to obtain the graphene-lignin-based composite hierarchical pore carbon plate material. The graphene-lignin-based composite hierarchical pore carbon plate material prepared through the method has the high specific surface area and can be widely applied to the fields of adsorptive separation, catalyst carriers and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method and its usage of a kind of Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, belong to
Technical field of environment function material preparation.
Background technology
Ciprofloxacin is the third generation carbostyril family antibacterial drugs of synthesis, has broad spectrum antibiotic activity, and bactericidal effect is good, several
To institute germy antibacterial activity all strong compared with norfloxacin and enoxacin 2~4 times, to enterobacteria, bacillus pyocyaneus, influenza addicted to
Blood bacillus, gonococcus, streptococcus, legionella, staphylococcus aureus have antibacterial action.For each system of whole body interference,
Digestive tract, respiratory tract, urogenital tract, skin soft-tissue infection and mycoplasma infection etc. all there is good effect.Therefore ciprofloxacin
Antibiotic is widely used in human medical and livestock breeding industry.But, the most of ciprofloxacin entering body can not fully absorb,
Major part is not engaged in metabolism and gets rid of external, remains in that biological activity, enters in environment, carries out turning in microorganism
Move and propagate and produce toxic effect.It addition, the antibiotic content in hospital wastewater is higher, far beyond ecological self-regeneration model
Enclose, cause suddenly and the pollution of water environment.Chinese scholars research has been proven that and there is ring the third sand in soil and water environment
Star antibiotic remains, and cause the extensive concern of environmental ecology, therefore, set up and develop effective and economic and practical process hands
It is the most urgent that section carry out selectivity to remove ciprofloxacin antibiotic remains in environment.
Multilevel hole material is the material of spacial framework that is a kind of through by the most foramen magnum-mesoporous-micropore or that close, hole
Border or the surface in hole are made up of pillar or flat board;For continuous media material, multilevel hole material typically have density low,
Intensity is big, specific surface area is high, lightweight, sound insulation, the advantage such as heat insulation, multilevel hole material possesses the multistage pore canal knot of open communication
Structure, the specific surface area of superelevation, this construction features determines it and possesses the absorbability of excellence, due to gas with various or liquid point
Sub-size is different, and its freedom of motion degree is different, so the multilevel hole material of same apertures scope is to gas the most of the same race or liquid
Absorbability different;Activated carbon has pore structure, high-specific surface area, high surface and various surface of prosperity because of it
Chemical property and become widely used high-efficiency adsorbent, make activated carbon raw material can be coal, wood flour, shell etc.;Currently
Resource scarcity, the energy are critical, in the case of ecological deterioration, it is former that the circulation of resource and clean utilization promote that Activated Carbon Production uses
Expect to tilt, such as waste tire, lignin plant refuse etc. to refuse reclamation direction.
The present invention makes full use of resource, using the sodium lignin sulfonate of doping certain proportion graphene oxide as body before carbon
Body, uses potassium hydroxide as activator, prepares the multi-stage porous carbon sheet material of high-specific surface area, have ciprofloxacin antibiotic
There is good adsorption effect, be the promising adsorbent of a kind of tool.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, first
First by carbon precursor high temperature cabonization under nitrogen protection;Secondly, utilize chemical activating agent potassium hydroxide to carbon under high-temperature calcination
Compound activates;Finally, remove impurity with hydrochloric acid and obtain that there is Gao Bibiao by deionized water or hot wash to neutrality
The multi-stage porous carbon sheet material of area;And by parameters such as multiple characterization method, the pattern of announcement composite and pore distributions,
Adsorption experiment institute is utilized to obtain the multi-stage porous carbon plate material removal capacity to ciprofloxacin in water environment antibiotic.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, is carried out as steps described below:
Step 1, the carbonization of precursor: graphene oxide is mixed homogeneously with sodium lignin sulfonate, in inert gas shielding
Under, in tube furnace, carry out carbonization, obtain carbide;
Step 2, activation of potassium hydroxide: potassium hydroxide is mixed with the carbide in step 1 and grinds uniformly, at indifferent gas
Under body protection, activate in tube furnace, obtain activation products;
Step 3, by soaking during in step 2, activation products are immersed in hydrochloric acid, to remove impurity, vacuum filtration, water washs extremely
Neutrality, is dried to obtain Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material.
In step 1, the noble gas used is nitrogen, and the temperature of described carbonization is 500 DEG C, and heating rate is 3~10
℃min-1, and at 500 DEG C, keep 2h.
In step 1, the graphene oxide used is 1~8:100 with the mass ratio of sodium lignin sulfonate.
In step 2, the potassium hydroxide used is 0~4:1 with the mass ratio of carbide.
In step 2, described activation temperature is 850 DEG C, and heating rate is 3~10 DEG C of min-1, and at 850 DEG C, keep 1h.
In step 3, described washing is by deionized water or distilled water or hot water wash.
In step 3, described concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.5~12mol L-1。
Prepared Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material is for adsorbing the antibiotic in water, such as absorption
Ciprofloxacin in water.
Beneficial effect:
(1) persursor material used by the present invention is sodium lignin sulfonate, abundance, cheap.
(2) Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material prepared has a high-specific surface area, high adsorption capacity, fast
Speed absorption, stable performance, the regeneration performances such as reusing is good.
(3) in view of the high-specific surface area of this Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, can adsorbing separation,
The fields such as catalyst carrier are widely used.
(4) preparation method of the present invention is simple, flow process is shorter, easy controlled operation, is suitable to promote the use of.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material of preparation in embodiment 1, its
In (a) be the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the GLHPC-1 that graphene oxide is prepared when being 1:100 with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio, (b) is
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the GLHPC-3 that graphene oxide is prepared when being 3:100 with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electricity of the graphene oxide in embodiment 1 and Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material
Mirror figure, wherein, (a) is the transmission electron microscope picture of graphene oxide, and (b) is graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio is 1:
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the GLHPC-1 prepared when 100;
Fig. 3 is the GLHPC-that in embodiment 1, graphene oxide is prepared when being followed successively by 1:100 with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio
The N of 12Adsorption-desorption isothermal measures curve chart, and in illustration, curve a is according to the calculated pore size distribution curve of DFT method,
Curve b is accumulative pore capacities distribution curve;
Fig. 4 is the GLHPC-that in embodiment 1, graphene oxide is prepared when being followed successively by 1:100 with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio
The adsorption curve figure of the ciprofloxacin of 1 pair of different initial concentration;
Fig. 5 is the GLHPC-that in embodiment 1, graphene oxide is prepared when being followed successively by 1:100 with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio
1 under water environment curve of adsorption kinetics figure to ciprofloxacin;
Fig. 6 is the GLHPC-that in embodiment 1, graphene oxide is prepared when being followed successively by 1:100 with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio
Recycle adsorption effect figure 3 times of 1 pair of ciprofloxacin.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1:
By graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mix homogeneously, graphene oxide is with sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio successively
For 1:100,2:100,3:100,5:100 and 8:100, the mixture of different proportion is all put in porcelain boat, in tube furnace
Carbonization under the atmosphere of nitrogen, carburizing temperature is 500 DEG C, and heating rate is 5 DEG C of min-1, maintain 2h, obtain carbide;By hydroxide
Potassium and carbide are uniform with mass ratio 1:4 mixed grinding, place into nickel pot, close the lid, in the atmosphere of nitrogen in tube furnace
Lower activation, activation temperature is 800 DEG C, and heating rate is 5 DEG C of min-1, maintain 1h.Activation products are used 0.5mol L-1Hydrochloric acid
Soaking and remove impurity, vacuum filtration, deionized water is washed till neutrality, is drying to obtain Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate
Material.It is once GLHPC-1, GLHPC-2, GLHPC-by Product Labeling according to graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio
3、GLHPC-5、GLHPC-8。
By the comparison to (a) He (b) in Fig. 1, it can be seen that along with graphene oxide (GO) consumption increases GLHPC's
Pattern there occurs change, and the laminated structure of GLHPC is thinning, shows that GO mono-aspect plays induction pattern plate effect, on the other hand plays
Confinement carbonization and activation.
The TEM figure of what in Fig. 2, (a) represented is GO, its ultra-thin structure and transparent shape, its internal interaction makes GO
Show that fold occurs.(b) show GLHPC-1 TEM figure, it is shown that thicker laminated structure, but surface the most coarse containing
Substantial amounts of mesoporous and micron duct.
Can draw in Fig. 3, GLHPC-1 is to N2Absorption show that based on I type isothermal adsorption there is obvious micropore
Feature.The specific surface area of GLHPC-1 and pore volume are up to 3223m respectively2g-1And 2.275cm3g-1.Illustration is DFT pore-size distribution
With accumulative pore volume distribution curve, macropore range is 2.0~5.0nm.These results indicate that adsorbent has substantial amounts of micropore and Jie
Hole, has superhigh specific surface area.
Fig. 4 is to show that the absorbability of ciprofloxacin is gradually increased by GLHPC-1 along with the increase of CIP initial concentration,
And progressively reach balance.Meanwhile, rising high-temperature and can promote absorption property, CIP adsorbance is from the 597.1mg g of 298K-1Increase
To 318K 946.9mg g-1, it is shown that good affinity.
Fig. 5 is the multi-stage porous carbon material curve of adsorption kinetics to CIP under water environment.Initially, along with time of contact
Increasing, adsorbance increases sharply, and slowly tends to balance after 30min, shows supper-fast adsorption equilibrium.
Fig. 6 shows that multi-stage porous carbon remains in that higher value to the adsorbance of ciprofloxacin after recycling at 3 times.
Absorption to ciprofloxacin under the pore property of table 1 GLHPC-1 and different temperatures
Embodiment 2:
By graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mix homogeneously, graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio are 1:
100, mixture all to be put in porcelain boat, carbonization under the atmosphere of nitrogen in tube furnace, carburizing temperature is 500 DEG C, and heat up speed
Rate is 3 DEG C of min-1, maintain 2h, obtain carbide;Potassium hydroxide is mixed with mass ratio 0:1,1:1,2:1,3:1 successively with carbide
Closing and grind uniformly, place into nickel pot, close the lid, activate in tube furnace under the atmosphere of nitrogen, activation temperature is 800 DEG C,
Heating rate is 3 DEG C of min-1, maintain 1h.Activation products are used 1mol L-1Soak with hydrochloric acid remove impurity, vacuum filtration, distillation
It is washed to neutrality, is drying to obtain Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material.
Embodiment 3:
By graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mix homogeneously, graphene oxide and sodium lignin sulfonate mass ratio are 1:
100, mixture all to be put in porcelain boat, carbonization under the atmosphere of nitrogen in tube furnace, carburizing temperature is 500 DEG C, and heat up speed
Rate is 3 DEG C of min-1, maintain 2h, obtain carbide;Potassium hydroxide is uniform with mass ratio 1:1 mixed grinding successively with carbide,
Placing into nickel pot, close the lid, activate in tube furnace under the atmosphere of nitrogen, activation temperature is 800 DEG C, and heating rate is 7
℃min-1, maintain 1h.Activation products are used 1mol L-1Soak with hydrochloric acid remove impurity, vacuum filtration, be washed till neutrality with hot water,
It is drying to obtain Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material.
Under different parameters, the multi-stage porous carbon of preparation is to the adsorbance of ciprofloxacin and detailed the listing at table 1 of specific surface area.
2, below in conjunction with being embodied as example, the present invention will be further described:
In the present invention, in specific embodiments, absorption property evaluation is carried out by the following method: utilize Staticadsorption experiment complete
Become;The ciprofloxacin solution of 10mL variable concentrations is joined in centrifuge tube, is added thereto to 2.0mg multi-stage porous carbon sheet material respectively
Material, stands in water bath with thermostatic control, has investigated pH value of solution, impact that ciprofloxacin is adsorbed by adsorbent amount, time of contact, temperature;
Absorption reach saturated after, 0.45 μm membrane filtration collect the supernatant, record at λ=277nm with ultraviolet-visible photometer
Remaining Ciprofloxacin Concentration in test solution, is calculated adsorption capacity (Qe)。
Wherein C0(μm ol/L) and Ce(μm ol/L) is initial and equilibrium concentration respectively, and m (mg) is adsorbent amount, V (mL)
For liquor capacity.
Experimental example 1: take 10ml initial concentration and be respectively 100,150,200,250 and 280mg L-1Ciprofloxacin solution add
Enter in centrifuge tube, be separately added into 2.0mg Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, test fluid is placed on 298K
After standing 12h in water-bath, collecting the supernatant, the concentration ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer of the husky star of not to be adsorbed third measures,
And calculate adsorption capacity according to result.
Experimental example 2: taking 10ml initial concentration is 200mg L-1Ciprofloxacin solution join in centrifuge tube, be separately added into
2.0mg Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, test fluid is placed in the water-bath of 25 DEG C and stands 5 respectively, 10,
15,30,60,90,180 and 360min.Collect the supernatant, the concentration UV, visible light light splitting light of ciprofloxacin not to be adsorbed
Degree meter measures, and calculates adsorption capacity according to result;Result shows: Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material
Ciprofloxacin is had the best adsorption dynamics adsorption kinetics performance.
Experimental example 3: taking 10ml initial concentration is 200mg L-1Different pH (3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0 and 8.0)
Ciprofloxacin solution joins in centrifuge tube, is separately added into 2.0mg Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material,
After test fluid is placed in the water-bath of 25 DEG C standing 12h, collecting the supernatant, the concentration ultraviolet of ciprofloxacin not to be adsorbed can
See spectrophotometric determination, and calculate adsorption capacity according to result;Result shows: Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole
Carbon plate material has the best adsorption dynamics adsorption kinetics performance to ciprofloxacin.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is characterised in that as steps described below
Carry out:
Step 1, the carbonization of precursor: graphene oxide is mixed homogeneously with sodium lignin sulfonate, under inert gas shielding,
Carry out carbonization in tube furnace, obtain carbide;
Step 2, activation of potassium hydroxide: potassium hydroxide mixed with the carbide in step 1 and grinds uniformly, protecting at noble gas
Protect down, activate in tube furnace, obtain activation products;
Step 3, by soaking during in step 2, activation products are immersed in hydrochloric acid, to remove impurity, vacuum filtration, and use deionized water
Or distilled water or hot wash are to neutral, are dried to obtain Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material.
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene the most according to claim 1/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is special
Levying and be, in step 1, the noble gas used is nitrogen, and the temperature of described carbonization is 500 DEG C, and heating rate is 3~10 DEG C
min-1, and at 500 DEG C, keep 2h.
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene the most according to claim 1/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is special
Levying and be, in step 1, the graphene oxide used is 1~8:100 with the mass ratio of sodium lignin sulfonate.
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene the most according to claim 1/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is special
Levying and be, in step 2, the potassium hydroxide used is 0~4:1 with the mass ratio of carbide.
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene the most according to claim 1/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is special
Levying and be, in step 2, described activation temperature is 850 DEG C, and heating rate is 3~10 DEG C of min-1, and at 850 DEG C, keep 1h.
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene the most according to claim 1/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is special
Levying and be, in step 3, described concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.5~12mol L-1。
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene the most according to claim 1/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is special
Levying and be, in step 3, described washing is by deionized water or distilled water or hot water wash.
8. the Graphene that prepared by the method described in claim 1~7 any one/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material
Purposes, it is characterised in that prepared Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material is for adsorbing the antibiosis in water
Element.
The purposes of Graphene the most according to claim 8/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material, it is characterised in that
Described Graphene/lignin-base combined multi-stage hole carbon plate material is for adsorbing the ciprofloxacin in water.
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Cited By (6)
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CN108031449A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-15 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of improved material for air purification and its application |
CN108176375A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-19 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of material for air purification and its application |
CN108187631A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-22 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of improved material for air purification |
CN110152617A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-08-23 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of material for air purification |
CN112062121A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-11 | 广西大学 | Method for preparing thermal reduction graphene oxide film by blending sodium lignosulfonate and graphene oxide |
CN113247887A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-13 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Preparation method of hierarchical porous graphene and application of hierarchical porous graphene |
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Cited By (6)
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CN108031449A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-15 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of improved material for air purification and its application |
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CN108187631A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-22 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of improved material for air purification |
CN110152617A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-08-23 | 温州包鹿新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of material for air purification |
CN112062121A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-11 | 广西大学 | Method for preparing thermal reduction graphene oxide film by blending sodium lignosulfonate and graphene oxide |
CN113247887A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-13 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Preparation method of hierarchical porous graphene and application of hierarchical porous graphene |
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