CN106041223A - Single tooth indexing technique of gear machining - Google Patents
Single tooth indexing technique of gear machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN106041223A CN106041223A CN201610405965.8A CN201610405965A CN106041223A CN 106041223 A CN106041223 A CN 106041223A CN 201610405965 A CN201610405965 A CN 201610405965A CN 106041223 A CN106041223 A CN 106041223A
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- mod
- teeth groove
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- floor
- gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
Abstract
The invention relates to a single tooth indexing technique of gear machining and belongs to the technical field of machining. The technique comprises the following steps that during machining of the first circle, two adjacent tooth spaces are continuously machined in each position of n uniformly distributed positions around a gear; and during subsequent machining, a tooth space is further machined in the adjacent position of the left side of each machined tooth space, and a tooth space is further machined in the adjacent position of the right side of each machined tooth space. According to the technique, by optimizing the single tooth indexing process, machining time intervals of any adjacent tooth spaces are strictly controlled, the influences of heat deformation of a technique system and abrasion to cutters on tooth pitch errors are reduced, the single tooth pitch error fpt is effectively reduced, and the machining precision stability is improved. The technique is implemented by optimizing numerical control machining procedures, and the equipment investment is not additionally added.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique, belong to Machining Technology field.
Background technology
Gear Processing precision mainly includes three aspects: profile accuracy, teeth directional precision and tooth pitch precision, wherein tooth pitch precision
Gear-driven noise and vibration are had a major impact.For different gear working methods, the source of pitch error is different.
The techniques such as gear shaping, gear hobbing, worm screw roll flute, use generating principle to carry out Continuous maching, and pitch error is mainly by tool precision and setting
Standby precision determines.Shape the techniques such as mill teeth, formation teeth-grinding, finger-type cutter mill teeth, double helical tooth envelope milling, use monodentate processing,
Single pitch error fptIt is easily subject to the impact of the factors such as process system thermal-induced deformation and tool wear, easy occurrence law
Single pitch error fptFluctuation.
Monodentate adds man-hour, has two kinds of conventional monodentate indexing techniques: continuous division and jumping division.During continuous division, from beginning to end
Tooth is adjacent；During jumping division, the tooth of the 1st circle processing and the tooth of last lap processing are adjacent, single pitch error all easily occur
fptNotable fluctuation.Single pitch error f in man-hour is added in order to reduce monodentateptFluctuation, can carry out big flow to process system cold
But liquid forces cooling, and uses the cutter of high-wearing feature.This method had not both met the development trend of environmental protection processing, again could
Significantly improve processing cost.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that and be: propose one and reduce process system thermal deformation and tool wear to pitch error
Impact, effectively reduce single pitch error fpt, improve the Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique of machining accuracy stability.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is: a kind of Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique,
When comprising the steps: to process the 1st circle, on one week individual uniform position of n of gear, n >=2, and n is integer, often locates Continuous maching
Two adjacent sheaves；During following process, process a tooth the most respectively in the left side and adjacent position, right side often locating machined teeth groove
Groove.
Preferably, comprise the steps:
A () processing number of turns is k, and k is integer, processing the 1st circle, i.e. during k=1, on n uniform position of gear ring, often
Place's two teeth groove of Continuous maching, 2 × n teeth groove of processing altogether, processing teeth groove serial number P is:
P=i i=1,2 ..., 2 × n
During (b) following process, process a teeth groove the most respectively in the left side and adjacent position, right side often locating machined teeth groove,
When being machined to kth circle, each teeth groove serial number P is:
P=2 × n × (k-1)+i i=1,2 ..., 2 × n
C () is until all teeth groove process；
The above-mentioned process time between Gear Processing monodentate indexing technology controlling and process any two adjacent sheaves is spaced apart: 1
Or 2 × n teeth groove process time.
Preferably, also need to, according to each teeth groove serial number P, determine the teeth groove phase bit number of correspondence after step (a)
Q, on whole gear teeth groove phase bit number with first teeth groove for 1, then clockwise number consecutively, it is assumed that total number of teeth is m, then tooth
Groove phase bit number Q is in the range of from 1 to m；According to teeth groove serial number P, the computational methods calculating teeth groove phase bit number Q are:
S1: introduce parameter p, g, H, calculates p=P-1, g=2 × n；Calculate
H=mod (p, 2)+(2 × mod (p, 2)-1) × floor (p/g)+floor (mod (p, g)/2) × floor (m/g)
×2+floor(p/g)×m
S2: if mod (m, g)≤1, then Q=H+1, jump to step e；Otherwise enter next step；
S3: if mod is (m, g)≤floor (mod (p, g)/2) × 2+1, then (m g), jumps to step e to Q=H+mod；
Otherwise enter next step；
(mod (p, g)/2) × 2+1, enters next step to S4:Q=H+floor；
(Q, m), calculating terminates S5:Q=mod；
Wherein, mod is MOD function, and floor is downward bracket function.
Preferably, described m >=35, and m is integer；Described 4≤n≤8, and n is integer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
It is an object of the invention to adding man-hour at monodentate, effectively reduce process system thermal-induced deformation, tool wear etc. along with
The factor that time gradually changes is to single pitch error fptImpact, improve single tooth pitch precision.List at further investigation gear
Individual pitch error fptEvaluation methodology, and after traditional monodentate indexing technique, the monodentate indexing technique of a kind of optimization is proposed.
The monodentate indexing technique of the present invention can effectively control interval process time between any two adjacent teeth, thus reduces single
Pitch error fptFluctuation.
The process time that the uniform indexing technique of the present invention can strictly control between any two adjacent sheaves is spaced apart:
1 or 2 × n teeth groove process time.So can be process system thermal deformation and tool wear to single pitch error fpt's
Within impact is limited in 2 × n teeth groove process time, effectively single pitch error f of reductionpt, improve the accuracy of gear.
The original structure of the Gear Processing monodentate indexing uncomfortable whole Digit Control Machine Tool of technique of the present invention or increase auxiliary equipment,
Have only to be processed the optimization of program, it is possible to effectively reduce single pitch error f of Gear Processingpt, improve tooth pitch precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 uniform indexing principle schematic
Fig. 2 uniform indexing example schematic
Single tooth pitch measurement report (10 grades) during Fig. 3 continuous division
Single tooth pitch measurement report (11 grades) during Fig. 4 jumping division
Single tooth pitch measurement report (6 grades) during the uniform indexing of Fig. 5
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
During actual application, it should be noted that choosing of uniform positional number.The total number of teeth of gear is m, and uniform positional number is n, then every
One circle processing teeth groove number is 2 × n, and whole processing turntable needs the idle stroke number of turns rotated to be about J=m/ (2 × n), any two
Between individual adjacent sheaves, the processing number of teeth at interval is up to L=2 × n.Actual adding man-hour, idle stroke number of turns J is the smaller the better, permissible
Save empty stroke time；Processing number of teeth L at adjacent sheaves interval is also the smaller the better, can reduce process system thermal deformation and cutter
The tool abrasion impact on tooth pitch precision, so selection the two the to be taken into account factor of uniform positional number n.
As illustrated in fig. 2, it is assumed that total number of teeth m of gear is 36, uniform positional number n is taken as 5, and the idle stroke number of turns of processing is about
3.6 circles (36/ (2 × n)), between any two adjacent sheaves, the processing number of teeth at interval is up to 10.
According to processing sequence numbering P, calculating processing phase bit number Q, specifically comprise the following steps that
S1: introduce parameter p, g, H, calculates p=P-1, g=2 × n；Calculate
H=mod (p, 2)+(2 × mod (p, 2)-1) × floor (p/g)+floor (mod (p, g)/2) × floor (m/g)
×2+floor(p/g)×m
S2: if mod (m, g)≤1, then Q=H+1, jump to step S5；Otherwise enter next step；
S3: if mod is (m, g)≤floor (mod (p, g)/2) × 2+1, then (m g), jumps to step S5 to Q=H+mod；
Otherwise enter next step；·
(mod (p, g)/2) × 2+1, enters next step to S4:Q=H+floor；
(Q, m), calculating terminates S5:Q=mod；
Wherein, mod is MOD function, and floor is downward bracket function.
More directly perceived for illustrate, substitute into above-mentioned steps with several concrete numerical value and calculate, result of calculation can be with Fig. 2 institute
Show and contrast.
As P=1,
S1:p=0, g=10；Calculate
H=mod (0,2)+(2 × mod (0,2)-1) × floor (0/10)+floor (mod (0,10)/2) × floor
(36/10) × 2+floor (0/10) × 36=0
S2:mod (36,10) > 1, is unsatisfactory for condition；Enter next step
S3:mod (36,10) > floor (mod (0,10)/2) × 2+1, is unsatisfactory for condition；Enter next step
S4:Q=0+floor (mod (0,10)/2) × 2+1=1, enters next step.
S5:Q=mod (1,36)=1, calculating terminates.
That is, during P=1, Q=1 is calculated to obtain.
As P=15,
S1:p=14, g=10；Calculate H=mod (14,2)+(2 × mod (14,2)-1) × floor (14/10)+floor
(mod (14,10)/2) × floor (36/10) × 2+floor (14/10) × 36=47
S2:mod (36,10) > 1, is unsatisfactory for condition；Enter next step
S3:mod (36,10) > floor (mod (14,10)/2) × 2+1, is unsatisfactory for condition；Enter next step
S4:Q=47+floor (mod (14,10)/2) × 2+1=52, enters next step.
S5:Q=mod (52,36)=16, calculating terminates.
That is, during P=15, Q=16 is calculated to obtain.
As P=29,
S1:p=28, g=10；Calculate H=mod (28,2)+(2 × mod (28,2)-1) × floor (28/10)+floor
(mod (28,10)/2) × floor (36/10) × 2+floor (28/10) × 36=94
S2:mod (36,10) > 1, is unsatisfactory for condition；Enter next step
S3:mod (36,10)≤floor (mod (28,10)/2) × 2+1, Q=94+mod (36,10)=100, jump to step
Rapid S5；
S5:Q=mod (100,36)=28, calculating terminates.
That is, during P=29, Q=28 is calculated to obtain.
To shape mill teeth measurement report (Hai Kesikang measuring instrument) as sample, the actual effect of the comparative illustration present invention.
Fig. 3 show measurement report during continuous division, the fluctuation of single pitch error occurs at head and the tail toothed portion, and accuracy class is 10 grades
(ISO1328-1:1997).Fig. 4 show measurement report during jumping division, and the part adjacent at the 1st circle and last lap goes out
Existing single pitch error fluctuation, accuracy class is 11 grades.Fig. 5 show the measurement report using the present embodiment, does not occur bright
Aobvious unusual fluctuations, accuracy class improves to 6 grades.
The concrete technical scheme being not limited to described in above-described embodiment of the present invention, the technology that all employing equivalents are formed
Scheme is the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (4)
1. a Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique, it is characterised in that: when comprising the steps: to process the 1st circle, gear one week
On n uniform position, n >=2, and n is integer, often place's two adjacent sheaves of Continuous maching；During following process, often locate machined
The left side of teeth groove and adjacent position, right side process a teeth groove the most respectively.
Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
A () processing number of turns is k, and k is integer, processing the 1st circle, i.e. during k=1, on n uniform position of gear ring, often locates even
Continuous processing two teeth groove, altogether 2 × n teeth groove of processing, processing teeth groove serial number P is:
P=i i=1,2 ..., 2 × n
During (b) following process, process a teeth groove the most respectively in the left side and adjacent position, right side often locating machined teeth groove, processing
During to kth circle, each teeth groove serial number P is:
P=2 × n × (k-1)+i i=1,2 ..., 2 × n
C () is until all teeth groove process；
The above-mentioned process time between Gear Processing monodentate indexing technology controlling and process any two adjacent sheaves is spaced apart: 1 or 2 ×
N teeth groove process time.
Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps: in step
A also needing to after (), according to each teeth groove serial number P, determine the teeth groove phase bit number Q of correspondence, on whole gear, teeth groove phase place is compiled
Number with first teeth groove for 1, then number consecutively clockwise, it is assumed that total number of teeth is m, then teeth groove phase bit number Q is in the range of from 1
To m；According to teeth groove serial number P, the computational methods calculating teeth groove phase bit number Q are:
S1: introduce parameter p, g, H, calculates p=P-1, g=2 × n；Calculate
H=mod (p, 2)+(2 × mod (p, 2)-1) × floor (p/g)+floor (mod (p, g)/2) × floor (m/g) × 2+
floor(p/g)×m
S2: if mod (m, g)≤1, then Q=H+1, jump to step S5；Otherwise enter next step；
S3: if mod is (m, g)≤floor (mod (p, g)/2) × 2+1, then (m g), jumps to step S5 to Q=H+mod；Otherwise
Enter next step；·
(mod (p, g)/2) × 2+1, enters next step to S4:Q=H+floor；
(Q, m), calculating terminates S5:Q=mod；
Wherein, mod is MOD function, and floor is downward bracket function.
Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described m >=35, and m is integer；
Described 4≤n≤8, and n is integer.
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| CN201610405965.8A CN106041223B (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | A kind of Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique |
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| CN201610405965.8A CN106041223B (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | A kind of Gear Processing monodentate indexing technique |
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| CN106041223B CN106041223B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106735601A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 合肥工业大学 | The processing method that a kind of non-circular gear continuously transforms into gear hobbing |
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| CN101804547A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-18 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Machining method of end-ring gear rack |
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| CN103624612A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-12 | 大连理工大学 | High-precision multi-ball dividing and positioning device and machining and assembling method thereof |
| CN103752953A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆大学 | Disperse type gear rolling machining method |
| CN104896061A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Non-full-symmetry involute gear and machining method thereof |
| EP2923940A1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-30 | Werner Ruesch | Bicycle chain switching |
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2016
- 2016-06-08 CN CN201610405965.8A patent/CN106041223B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101804547A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-18 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Machining method of end-ring gear rack |
| CN102126053A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-07-20 | 北京二七轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Gear grinding processing method |
| CN103624612A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-12 | 大连理工大学 | High-precision multi-ball dividing and positioning device and machining and assembling method thereof |
| CN103752953A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆大学 | Disperse type gear rolling machining method |
| EP2923940A1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-30 | Werner Ruesch | Bicycle chain switching |
| CN104896061A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Non-full-symmetry involute gear and machining method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106735601A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 合肥工业大学 | The processing method that a kind of non-circular gear continuously transforms into gear hobbing |
| CN106735601B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-12-01 | 合肥工业大学 | The processing method that a kind of non-circular gear continuously transforms into gear hobbing |
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| CN106041223B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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