CN106034720A - 一种莴笋种子催芽方法 - Google Patents

一种莴笋种子催芽方法 Download PDF

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CN106034720A
CN106034720A CN201610538006.3A CN201610538006A CN106034720A CN 106034720 A CN106034720 A CN 106034720A CN 201610538006 A CN201610538006 A CN 201610538006A CN 106034720 A CN106034720 A CN 106034720A
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陈香全
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Hefei Yangyang Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种莴笋种子催芽方法,包括选种、浸种剂浸种、微波营养液浸种、冰箱变温藏种,稀土拌种,最后催芽。用本发明的催芽方法催芽后,种植莴笋,莴笋长势好,植株健壮、光合作用增强,所长出的莴笋果皮光滑,果肉紧实,硬度大,条直,无畸形,粗细均匀,色度亮,香味浓,且抗病虫害强。

Description

一种莴笋种子催芽方法
技术领域
本发明涉及蔬菜栽培领域,具体涉及一种莴笋种子催芽方法。
背景技术
很多蔬菜种子需要催芽,一般的需催芽的种子可以分为两类:一类是果菜类蔬菜种子发芽慢,需要催种,如番茄、辣椒、茄子、黄瓜;另外一类是夏季温度高,导致蔬菜种子发芽率低,所以也需要催种,如莴笋、菠菜、莴笋、大蒜。不同的蔬菜,各自的催芽方式不同。有吊井法、冷藏法、拌沙法等等。不同的催芽方式,对应不同的蔬菜种子。 一般的催芽前,要先经过选种、消毒、浸种,最后才是催芽。 常规的催芽方法都可以提高种子发芽率,缩短催芽时间, 减轻田间发病率,幼苗苗齐、苗壮。但是,现有的催芽方法都没有能提高蔬菜的营养成分,进一步提高蔬菜的品质。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种莴笋种子催芽方法,本催芽方法不仅能提高种子发芽率,缩短催芽时间, 减轻田间发病率,幼苗苗齐、苗壮,提高产量,同时增加了莴笋的营养成分含量,进一步提高了莴笋的品质。
本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种莴笋种子催芽方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)在播种前将种子晒5-6小时后,挑选籽粒饱满的种子,将挑选好的种子放到容器中,在清冷水中浸泡7-8小时;然后捞出投入浸种剂中浸种10-15分钟,取出洗净,其中浸种剂由下列组分配制而成,各组分的重量百分比为:壳聚糖20-30ppm、海藻素 80-100 PPm,乙烯利5-8ppm,6-苄基氨基嘌呤30-40ppm、缩节胺20-30ppm、柠檬酸 10-20ppm, 余量为水, 将各组分分别溶解于水后混合,加水稀释至所需浓度,充分搅拌均匀即得;
(2)将浸泡过的种子再浸泡到盛有营养液的容器中,将容器放入500w微波设备中,以50%的火力微波处理10秒-15秒,然后停止微波处理,取出常温下浸泡5-6小时,捞出洗净;
(3)将上述洗净的种子用纱布包好,挤去部分水分,放入冰箱中在4-5℃冷藏10-12 小时,取出放入20-25℃温水中浸泡12小时,捞出再次放入冰箱中4-5℃冷藏12-16小时, 用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中,在15-20℃下,恒温催芽12-24小时,取出;
(4)恒温催芽后的种子在和湿润的改性细沙拌匀,放置在阴凉处,保持沙子润湿,种子和湿润的改性细沙的重量比为1:4,一般3-4天即可发芽,
其中,改性沙子的制备方法:
a、按重量份称取沙子100份、硅藻土10-15份,蚕砂1-2份、玉石粉1-2份、磷石膏6-8份、凹凸棒土5-8份、稀土0.1-0.2份、茶树油0.5-0.8份、高吸水树脂0.1-0.5份、 硫酸铵5-6份、氯化钾3-4份、 硫酸锌0.01-0.03份 、硫酸铜0.01-0.02份 和硼酸0.01-0.02份、十二烷基硫酸钠0.8-1.5份、苦参粉3-4份,羧甲基纤维素8-10份;
b、将称取的沙子、硅藻土、蚕砂、玉石粉、磷石膏、凹凸棒土一起加入到研磨机研磨粉碎成混合粉末;
c、 将混合粉末和配方中的其余组分混合,然后再加入适量的水,在800-900rpm的转速下充分搅拌30-40分钟后,造粒,即可。
步骤(2)所述的营养液体由下列组分配制而成,每升营养液中包括以下重量的组分:过磷酸钙2-4g、硫酸铵4-5g、氯化钾3-4g、硼砂0.3-0.5g、钼酸铵0.2-0.3g、ZnSO4·7H2O0.2-0.5g、五水硫酸铜0.2-0.4g、维生素B1 0.02-0.03g、维生素C 1-2g、牛磺酸 0.3-0.5g、维生素 D 2-5mg、维生素E 0.4-0.7g、葡萄糖酸亚铁 2-4g,余量为水。
本发明浸种剂及营养液体中水不溶性成分可采用水溶性制剂再加入水中溶解。
有益效果
用本发明的催芽方法催芽后,种植莴笋,莴笋长势好,植株健壮、光合作用增强,所长出的莴笋果皮光滑,果肉紧实,硬度大,条直,无畸形,粗细均匀,色度亮,香味浓,且抗病虫害强。发芽率可提高6-12%,发芽成苗率达到95%以上。发芽期可提前1-2天。
具体实施方式
一种莴笋种子催芽方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)在播种前将种子晒5-6小时后,挑选籽粒饱满的种子,将挑选好的种子放到容器中,在清冷水中浸泡7-8小时;然后捞出投入浸种剂中浸种10-15分钟,取出洗净,其中浸种剂由下列组分配制而成,各组分的重量百分比为:壳聚糖29ppm、海藻素 95 PPm,乙烯利7ppm,6-苄基氨基嘌呤36ppm、缩节胺28ppm、柠檬酸16ppm, 余量为水,将各组分分别溶解于水后混合,加水稀释至所需浓度,充分搅拌均匀即得;
(2)将浸泡过的种子再浸泡到盛有营养液的容器中,将容器放入500w微波设备中,以50%的火力微波处理14秒,然后停止微波处理,取出常温下浸泡6小时,捞出洗净;
(3)将上述洗净的种子用纱布包好,挤去部分水分,放入冰箱中在4-5℃冷藏10-12 小时,取出放入20-25℃温水中浸泡12小时,捞出再次放入冰箱中4-5℃冷藏12-16小时, 用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中,在15-20℃下,恒温催芽12-24小时,取出;
(4)恒温催芽后的种子在和湿润的改性细沙拌匀,放置在阴凉处,保持沙子润湿,种子和湿润的改性细沙的重量比为1:4, 一般3-4天即可发芽,
其中,改性沙子的制备方法:
a、按重量份称取沙子100份、硅藻土14份,蚕砂2份、玉石粉1份、磷石膏7份、凹凸棒土7份、稀土0.2份、茶树油0.6份、高吸水树脂0.4份、 硫酸铵6份、氯化钾3份、 硫酸锌0.02份 、硫酸铜0.02份 和硼酸0.02份、十二烷基硫酸钠0.9份、苦参粉3份,羧甲基纤维素9份;
b、将称取的沙子、硅藻土、蚕砂、玉石粉、磷石膏、凹凸棒土一起加入到研磨机研磨粉碎成混合粉末;
c、 将混合粉末和配方中的其余组分混合,然后再加入适量的水,在850rpm的转速下充分搅拌30-40分钟后,造粒,即可。
步骤(2)所述的营养液体由下列组分配制而成,每升营养液中包括以下重量的组分:过磷酸钙3g、硫酸铵4g、氯化钾3g、硼砂0.4g、钼酸铵0.2g、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.4g、五水硫酸铜0.3g、维生素B1 0.02g、维生素c 2g、牛磺酸 0.4g、维生素 D 4mg、维生素E 0.5g、葡萄糖酸亚铁 3g,余量为水。

Claims (2)

1.一种莴笋种子催芽方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)在播种前将种子晒5-6小时后,挑选籽粒饱满的种子,将挑选好的种子放到容器中,在清冷水中浸泡7-8小时;然后捞出投入浸种剂中浸种10-15分钟,取出洗净,其中浸种剂由下列组分配制而成,各组分的重量百分比为:壳聚糖20-30ppm、海藻素 80-100 PPm,乙烯利5-8ppm,6-苄基氨基嘌呤30-40ppm、缩节胺20-30ppm、柠檬酸 10-20ppm, 余量为水, 将各组分分别溶解于水后混合,加水稀释至所需浓度,充分搅拌均匀即得;
(2)将浸泡过的种子再浸泡到盛有营养液的容器中,将容器放入500w微波设备中,以50%的火力微波处理10秒-15秒,然后停止微波处理,取出常温下浸泡5-6小时,捞出洗净;
(3)将上述洗净的种子用纱布包好,挤去部分水分,放入冰箱中在4-5℃冷藏10-12 小时,取出放入20-25℃温水中浸泡12小时,捞出再次放入冰箱中4-5℃冷藏12-16小时, 用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中,在15-20℃下,恒温催芽12-24小时,取出;
(4)恒温催芽后的种子在和湿润的改性细沙拌匀,放置在阴凉处,保持沙子润湿,种子和湿润的改性细沙的重量比为1:4, 一般3-4天即可发芽,
其中,改性沙子的制备方法:
a、按重量份称取沙子100份、硅藻土10-15份,蚕砂1-2份、玉石粉1-2份、磷石膏6-8份、凹凸棒土5-8份、稀土0.1-0.2份、茶树油0.5-0.8份、高吸水树脂0.1-0.5份、 硫酸铵5-6份、氯化钾3-4份、 硫酸锌0.01-0.03份 、硫酸铜0.01-0.02份 和硼酸0.01-0.02份、十二烷基硫酸钠0.8-1.5份、苦参粉3-4份,羧甲基纤维素8-10份;
b、将称取的沙子、硅藻土、蚕砂、玉石粉、磷石膏、凹凸棒土一起加入到研磨机研磨粉碎成混合粉末;
c、 将混合粉末和配方中的其余组分混合,然后再加入适量的水,在800-900rpm的转速下充分搅拌30-40分钟后,造粒,即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的莴笋种子催芽方法,其特征在于:
步骤(2)所述的营养液体由下列组分配制而成,每升营养液中包括以下重量的组分:过磷酸钙2-4g、硫酸铵4-5g、氯化钾3-4g、硼砂0.3-0.5g、钼酸铵0.2-0.3g、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.2-0.5g、五水硫酸铜0.2~0.4g、维生素B1 0.02-0.03g、维生素c 1-2g、牛磺酸 0.3-0.5g、维生素 D 2-5mg、维生素E 0.4-0.7g、葡萄糖酸亚铁 2-4g,余量为水。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107624295A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-01-26 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 一种茶油树种子的催芽方法
CN108076723A (zh) * 2017-12-23 2018-05-29 安徽恒天生态农业有限公司 一种提高莴笋营养卫生品质的种子处理方法
CN108575663A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-09-28 蚌埠市刘兴桃种植农民专业合作社 一种木耳菜专用催芽土及其制备方法

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CN104025751A (zh) * 2014-05-15 2014-09-10 和县华禾种业有限公司 一种莴笋种子催芽方法
CN104982115A (zh) * 2015-06-14 2015-10-21 安徽徽大农业有限公司 一种莴笋种子催芽方法

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CN104025751A (zh) * 2014-05-15 2014-09-10 和县华禾种业有限公司 一种莴笋种子催芽方法
CN104982115A (zh) * 2015-06-14 2015-10-21 安徽徽大农业有限公司 一种莴笋种子催芽方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107624295A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-01-26 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 一种茶油树种子的催芽方法
CN108076723A (zh) * 2017-12-23 2018-05-29 安徽恒天生态农业有限公司 一种提高莴笋营养卫生品质的种子处理方法
CN108575663A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-09-28 蚌埠市刘兴桃种植农民专业合作社 一种木耳菜专用催芽土及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20161026