For preventing the crooked system of underhung crane
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underhung crane (being also called suspension crane), it includes that two are hanged
The guide rail that runs parallel hung, the most each guide rail forms the fortune for powered running gear unit
Row surface, and include crane bridge, it is suspended on the both sides of described running gear unit,
And include that it is intervened described in one in a controlled fashion for detecting the device that crane bridge is crooked
The driving of running gear unit is crooked to correct.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method crooked for the crane bridge preventing underhung crane, its
Described in underhung crane be provided with two operation guide rails hung, the most each described guide rail is formed
Running surface for powered running gear unit;And it being provided with crane bridge, it is hung
On the both sides of described running gear unit;And it is provided with for detecting the device that crane bridge is crooked,
Its driving intervening described running gear unit in a controlled fashion is crooked to correct.
Background technology
It is well known that this type of underhung crane is typically by the moral mug(unit of measure) crane in Wei Te city of Germany
Tool company limited, and build component system (KBK by so-called KBK (flexible beam cranes)
Construction kit system) assemble.They generally include multiple corresponding operation guide rail, its
There is internal carriage track (carriage track) and the contact line being disposed there above.Additionally, tool
The track having the alphabetical I shape profile of the running gear unit run in outside is the most known.Also
The installation pulling cable can be used.Described operation guide rail has orbital head and a rail body, wherein,
Described orbital head is attached to the suspension of ceiling, wall etc. for providing, and described rail body is used for
Functional aspect, such as carriage track, supporting part etc. are provided.In turn, crane bridge is from institute
State moveable trailer or running gear unit on operation guide rail suspended, on this crane bridge,
Actual hoisting apparatus can be relative to running guide rail transverse shifting.
Such as by the known one of patent DE 1 249 301 for suspended rail, underhung crane etc.
Self-supporting run guide rail.The guide rail that runs described in it such as has two thin-walled profiles
Constituting in cross section, wherein, said two thin-walled profile is symmetrical relative to vertical longitudinal median plane
Arrange, and by the sidewall of upper wall and crooked extension downward relative to longitudinal median plane around operation
Multiple rollers pair of device unit, and described operation guide rail also structure in the cross section of two tracks
Becoming, described track is positioned at the both sides of lower groove and the most crooked and described relative to described lower groove
Running guide rail top on described longitudinal median plane and be equipped with a web, described web is from vertical
First point up to central plane, refer again to outside, and the part pointed up of described web
Against the web of described second profile strip, and it is connected with the web of described second profile strip.Described
Upper contoured wall outwards declines from described longitudinal median plane, the crooked space interval between sidewall
Size make described operation guide rail for running gear unit provide space, the width in described space only by
Planes carry body and the described roller being set to snugly fit into described planes carry body determine.Described
Run guide rail and be installed in such as hall ceiling by suspension via the web pointed up, wherein
Described being suspended in points to the web pointed up described in encirclement in exterior section.
These structures have proved to be successful.
Include two parallel hanging rails with trailer at described crane bridge-type device and hang
In the case of hanging over the crane bridge between described guide rail or crossbeam, described crane bridge or crossbeam meeting
Crooked.Need to avoid this situation, or identify and correct it.
In this respect, it is known that a kind of from Siemens Company for bridge crane
SIMOCRANE CeNIT system, operates the most in a non contact fashion and is positioned at the biography on a beam
Sensor measures routine the operation guide rail raised and the flange running wheel run thereon with pinpoint accuracy
Between lateral shift, and realize controlling for correcting crooked driving by SPS subsequently.
By PSI technology company (PSI Technics), it is known that can use at the two of crane bridge
Absolute path on side measures sensor, and described sensor is by the difference mensuration of measured absolute path
Askew position.
Relative to loading bridge, German patent DE 838 946 discloses what a kind of so-called alignment ran
Driving means.Described loading bridge has horizontal bridge girder, and described girder can lead to respectively in its end
Crossing the wheel profile bridge support of the longitudinal direction on running rail to be moved, described running rail is in a usual manner
Raise and be set parallel to each other.Said two bridge support can be relative to described bridge girder slightly in angle
Degree ground is mobile, and pointer is rigidly connected to one of said two bridge support, when described bridge girder
When being in crooked position, described pointer changes its position relative to described bridge girder, wherein said
Crooked position corresponds to the crooked position of the described bridge support relative to described bridge girder caused
Put.When bridge girder is in normal position, i.e. rectangular with bridge support, the end of described pointer
Between switching at two, described switch is arranged with certain space interval relative to described pointer,
And toward each other.According to the askew position of bridge girder, one of said two switch can pass through institute
The described end stating pointer is activated, the described switch activated school being present in outside normal traveling drives
Just drive, to correct the described askew position of described bridge girder.By patent document DD 19 371
Understand the switchgear of the most suitable a kind of alignment operation for controlling loading bridge, wherein in institute
State and on bridge support, use the first little gear to replace on pointer, described little gear and described bridge support
Two pinion engagement.Being attached to described two pinion is a contact, described contact according to
The described askew position of described bridge girder starts one of said two switch.
European patent document EP 0 490 185 B1 use the displacement between bridge support and bridge girder or
Path detector replaces pointer and little gear.
German laid-open document DE 2 320 610 A describes a kind of hydraulic-driven mobilecrane,
Wherein said bridge support is respectively via hydraulic moving motor-driven.In order to avoid described bridge girder
Crooked, it is provided that a kind of adjustable hydraulic throttle part, it is according to described bridge support and described
Askew position between bridge girder operates.According to the position of described throttle part, described hydraulic pressure
Travel motor is provided with the pressure medium of identical or different volume flow.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of equipment and the method for simplification, for including two
Preventing crooked in the case of the trolley crane of the guide rail that runs parallel hung, it is implemented not
Need complicated measurement and control technology.
By the device described in claim 1 with by the method described in claim 11
Realize this purpose.
If according to the invention it has been recognized that risen described in crooked device record for detecting
Heavy-duty machine bridge itself relative to the askew position of a running gear unit, therefore described in be used for detecting
Crooked device is arranged between described crane bridge and one running gear unit, then
The solution for preventing crooked simplification can be realized.Therefore, being used for according to the present invention
Detect crooked device to directly utilize by the crooked askew position caused of described crane bridge, and
The indirect measurement as described in the prior art of unfavorable use-case.
Therefore, if described device includes between described crane bridge and described running gear unit
The simple detection of relative motion, the most enough.Therefore simple device can be passed through
Structure, because within the scope of the trolley crane of the type discussed, not having degree of accuracy
There is significant requirement.
Corresponding sensor device or measurement apparatus can include that two relative to each other may move
Unit, and said two unit relative to described crane bridge with fixed-direction arrange, or
Arranging with fixed-direction relative to described running gear unit, the most directly use is to be used described
Obliquity.
In the simplest situations, described sensor device includes two retainers relative to each other
(stop), it is designed to switch, and relative to described running gear unit with fixing side
To setting;And the push rod extended between described retainer, and relative to described crane
Bridge is arranged with fixed-direction.The most described push rod can start described switch, and according to described
(crooked or straight line) position can start described switch in differentiable mode, with by described askew
Loxosis is put and is directly inputted to drive in controller.
Therefore, in one embodiment, the described push rod alignd with described crane bridge is positioned at that
Between this relative switch, and during linear running, start described switch equably, and
Starting described switch in a different manner at crooked run duration, wherein said switch is relative to institute
State running gear unit or described operation guide rail to arrange with fixed-direction.
Alternately, described sensor device includes: two retainers relative to each other, its quilt
It is designed as switch, and arranges with fixed-direction relative to described crane bridge;And push rod,
It extends between described retainer, and relative to described running gear unit with fixed-direction
Arrange.
Described retainer can be designed as such as microswitch.Similarly, described retainer is also
Linear switch, particularly linear potentiometer can be designed to.The most then can continuously and more
Accurately detect the degree of described obliquity.
In other words, described retainer and described push rod can relative to each other be arranged so that described
During non-skewed position, described retainer is contacted by described push rod.Alternately, situation is completely contrary,
Described switch is not touched during linear running, but is only connect in the case of askew position
Touch.
And, it is preferable that described retainer and described push rod can relative to each other be arranged so that
When described askew position, (only) one described retainer is contacted by described push rod.Alternately,
Described retainer is the most touched, but by with different degree effects.Therefore, if described lifting
The measurement of machine bridge side occurs delayed, and the described retainer at the rear of direct of travel is with bigger journey
Degree is activated or acts on.In the opposite case, if the identical side of described crane bridge
Running in advance, the described retainer in front is activated with bigger degree or acts on.Therefore, institute
The sensor (force cell) used can also optionally carry out force measurement.
Therefore, described sensor device is preferably configured as the contact according to described retainer
The rotary speed of described driving is increased or decreased, in order to by described running gear unit just or
Negative acceleration is corrected or alleviates crooked.The most described sensor device calculates from described stop
The difference of the signal of part or switch or conventional sensors, in order to measure described askew position or crooked,
And cause the difference of identical signal to affect described driving controller.
In the ordinary course of things, it is possible to use detecting to the crooked information being directly proportional
All the sensors." digital " (ON/OFF) producing direct ratio continuous output signal can be used
With analog sensor (such as, potentiometer).This sensor can be (example in a contact fashion
As in the case of microswitch scheme) sensor that operates, or in a non-contact manner
The sensor that (such as in the case of inductive proximity switch) operates.The biography of simplest type
Sensor is " contact numeral " sensor.Force cell is the same as mentioned here above,
Potentiometer can be used equally, be optionally provided for detecting on the suspension of the anglec of rotation
Rotating potentiometer.
The invention still further relates to a kind of for crooked corresponding of the crane bridge preventing underhung crane
Method, wherein said underhung crane is provided with two operation guide rails hung, the most each
Described guide rail forms the running surface for powered running gear unit;And it is provided with lifting
Machine bridge, it is suspended in the both sides of described running gear unit;And be provided with for detecting lifting
The device that machine bridge is crooked, it intervenes the driving of described running gear unit in a controlled fashion to entangle
The most crooked, it is characterised in that described device measures described crane bridge and institute by peaker
State described crane bridge the indulging relative to described operation guide rail between one of running gear unit
Crooked to extend, and control one fortune corresponding to being increased or decreased of rotary speed
The driving of row device unit.
Described device then can have previously described feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Further details and the advantage of the present invention are implemented by following exemplary with reference to the accompanying drawings
The description of example illustrates, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the perspective of the single-beam suspension crane according to prior art for illustration purposes
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 illustrates the single-beam suspension crane according to the present invention being in three possible positions
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 illustrates the more detailed view of the setting of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic block diagram driving controller in the single-beam suspension crane of Fig. 1;
And
Fig. 5 illustrates the detailed view of an embodiment for preventing crooked device.
Reference table
1 suspension arrangement
2a, 2b guide rail
3 bearing carriers
4 hoisting apparatus
5 pendantswitch
6 suspension arrangements
7a, 7b running gear unit
8 switches
9 push rods, gusset
10 switches
11 drive controller
12 loading plates
13 keep part
T crane bridge
S is for detecting crooked device
M1, M2 motor
H hook
Detailed description of the invention
For illustrative purposes, Fig. 1 illustrates the single-beam suspension crane according to prior art.
The guide rail 2 that substantial horizontal extends is at bottom opening, and has the profile of letter C shape, its
Suspend in midair from multiple bearing carriers 3 by means of suspension arrangement 1.As a example by described bearing carrier 3
Such as hall ceiling, or it is designed as the beam of letter I type.Owing to this exemplary embodiment relates to list
Beam underhung crane, it is provided that two the first guide rail 2a, described first guide rail 2a substantial horizontal
Extend, parallel and relative to each other separate with certain space interval, and as described list
The operation guide rail of beam underhung crane;And providing a second track 2b, it forms lifting
Machine guide rail or crane bridge T, described crane rail or crane bridge T-phase are led for described first
Rail 2a substantial lateral orients, and can move along the first guide rail 2a in z-direction.
For this purpose, described second track 2b is hung respectively by two suspension arrangements 6
In unshowned running gear unit 7, described running gear unit 7 can be at described first guide rail
Move in 2a.
As a rule, hoisting apparatus 4, such as chain lifter (chain hoist) or cable winch
(cable winch), is suspended in described second guide rail 2b, and can be by unshowned
Another running gear unit moves along described second guide rail 2b in the X direction.
Described hoisting apparatus 4 can be by the pendantswitch 5 being suspended in described hoisting apparatus 4
Control.Its hook H can be raised and lowered in the Y direction.
Prevent askew according to the underhung crane of the present invention or be used for now with reference to Fig. 2 to 5 explanation
Oblique device.
Fig. 2 schematically shows described underhung crane, and it is included on described operation guide rail 2a
Crane bridge T on hoisting apparatus 4.As already indicated, described crane bridge T can
Move in z-direction by described running gear unit 7.Described running gear unit be respectively provided with by
Motor M1 and M2 of Parallel Control.Two motors all receive from the running signal controlling switch.
In this respect, for the purpose that correction is crooked, described motor M2 is controlled by device S.
Fig. 2 shows three kinds of possible positions of described underhung crane: run-in synchronism (A),
With the crooked operating (B) that described crane bridge is delayed in the side including motor M2, and
With the crooked operating (C) that described crane bridge is delayed in the side including motor M1.
Fig. 3 illustrates these three probability again, schematically shows the most now described device S.
Described device S consists essentially of a push rod 9, and it is with crane bridge T in aligned manner
And arrange with fixed-direction.The most described push rod always reproduces the orientation of described crane bridge.
Described push rod 9 is through two relative microswitch 8,10, and described microswitch 8,10 is with regard to it
Orientation for, fix relative to described operation guide rail 2a or described running gear unit 7.
Their start button be oppositely arranged so that, they can be by described push rod 9 according to institute
State crane bridge T whether linear running, or crooked operation is simultaneously or alternately activated, i.e.
Their start button is relative and face each other.
It is obvious that during linear running, two switches 8,10 can be by described push rod 9 (situation
A) acted on equably.In contrast, if described crane bridge T is just in crooked operation,
So switching one of 8,10 to be applied with bigger degree, another effect is then with less
Degree or be at all not acted upon (situation B and C), therefore corresponding signal can affect institute
State the described driving controller 11 of motor M2, thus accelerate or brake this motor.
Fig. 4 again illustrates the described driving controller 11 of described motor M1 and M2.
Operator specifies movement (the desired speed of described crane bridge T via pendantswitch 5
Degree and direction), thus, the described motor M1, M2 of described running gear unit 7a, b via
Described controller 11a, b is controlled.
Just in the institute of described motor M2 of monitored crooked one running gear unit 7b
Desired speed is corrected according further to the crooked operating by device S.The most desired speed
Spend according to switch 8, which in 10 be activated and or be increased (delayed), or be reduced
(running in advance).
Fig. 5 shows an exemplary reality in the region of the running gear unit 7 monitored
Execute example.
Described running gear unit 7 runs in hollow guide rail 2, and keeps described crane bridge T.
Gusset 9 is attached to described running gear unit as the part of device S with the form of push rod 9
7, described push rod 9 is laterally projecting with about 90 degree from described running gear unit, i.e. transports at straight line
The direction being parallel to described crane bridge T between the departure date extends.
Said two switch 8,10 is fixed on the head portion of described crane bridge T, said two
Switch 8,10 bears against the side of described gusset 9.To this end, they are separately positioned on loading plate 12
Approximate horizontal arm 12a, on b, described loading plate 12 have with bending end arms substantially U
The cross section of shape.The most described switch 8,10 be oppositely arranged on bending end arms on, wherein it
Start button point to described gusset 9.
Described loading plate 12 is connected via described holding part 13, and described holding part 13 is by spiral shell
Tether on the described head portion receiving described crane bridge T.
Therefore, the askew position of described crane bridge the crooked operation caused is direct through gusset 9
Hand to described switch 8,10.