CN1060269C - Measuring method and apparatus for material surface position or height - Google Patents
Measuring method and apparatus for material surface position or height Download PDFInfo
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- CN1060269C CN1060269C CN 93104757 CN93104757A CN1060269C CN 1060269 C CN1060269 C CN 1060269C CN 93104757 CN93104757 CN 93104757 CN 93104757 A CN93104757 A CN 93104757A CN 1060269 C CN1060269 C CN 1060269C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device and a method for detecting the liquid level or the position of the powder material level or the particulate material level through using gamma rays. The method of the present invention has the scheme that the back scattering gamma counting rate is detected to make the gamma counting rate converted into an electrical signal, and simultaneously, the electrical signal is compared with the preset signal value. When the electrical signal is unequal to the preset signal value, a control motor carries out the positive rotation or the reverse rotation to drive a measuring mechanism to move along the height direction of the material level; when the electrical signal is equal to the preset signal value, the control motor stop motion so that the measuring mechanism displays the position of the material level. The device of the present invention is used for realizing the method disclosed by the present invention.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and measurement mechanism of measuring liquid level or powder and granule shape material face position or height.Method of the present invention and device are to show the charge level present position or measure the charge level height with measuring the gamma-ray variation that puts on liquid level or the material face.In device of the present invention, be provided with gamma ray projector, gamma ray detector and photosignal change-over circuit.
Adopting gamma-ray measurement material face position, particularly measure liquid level position, all is to utilize material to gamma-ray blocking effect, as the device of the disclosed gamma-ray measurement material level of Chinese utility model patent CN88205715.4.This type of measurement mechanism all exists following deficiency: 1, radioactive source activity is bigger, and generally speaking, its radioactive source activity picks up to hundreds of millicuries at number, causes its protection difficulty, and easily personnel is damaged; 2, measure poor sensitivity, cause liquid level gauging inaccurate; 3, for remedying the deficiency of poor sensitivity, adopt linear source.And linear source is manufactured difficulty; 4, the measurement range of this type of measurement mechanism is less.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of liquid level or material planar survey method and device that overcomes existing gamma-rays material surface measurement device deficiency.
Method of the present invention is as follows: backward scattering γ photon number in the measuring vessel, change measured γ photon number into electric signal, compare with aforesaid electric signal and predefined signal value, when described electric signal and predefined signal value do not wait, control motor forward or reverse, driving measuring mechanism moves along tested liquid level or charge level short transverse, when described electric signal equates with the setting signal value, motor is stopped operating, and this moment, the measuring mechanism present position was liquid level or material face position or height.
Device of the present invention is by measuring mechanism, motor, by motor-operated driving mechanism that measuring mechanism is moved along liquid level or material face short transverse, photoelectric switching circuit and the motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit be made up of count rate meter circuit and window comparator circuit constitute, described measuring mechanism is by vitriol chamber and the gamma ray projector of inserting in the vitriol chamber, gamma ray detector constitutes, the output termination count rate meter circuit of gamma ray detector, count rate meter output termination window comparator circuit, the output termination motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit of window comparator circuit, the γ photon counting that gamma ray detector measures is an electric signal through the count rate meter circuit conversion, described electric signal is sent in the window comparator and is preestablished signal value relatively, and described electric signal makes the motor forward or reverse by the motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit when preestablishing signal value and do not wait.By driving mechanism, drive measuring mechanism and move along the charge level short transverse.Described electric signal stops operating motor by the motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit when preestablishing signal value and do not wait.At this moment, measuring mechanism promptly stops at material face place.So, utilize the measuring mechanism present position to demonstrate material face position or height, perhaps be marked with mark, and be marked with scale, can intuitively show the height of liquid level or material at chamber wall at measuring mechanism.
In the device of the present invention, driving mechanism can be made of speed reduction unit, reel, detent, pulley and the hoist cable of hanging measuring mechanism.Detent wherein can be an electromagnetic brake, also can be bidirectional ratchet mechanism, perhaps other similar means.At work, detent is removed the constraint to the hoist cable reel when motor rotates, but makes on the hoist cable reel spool, perhaps twine and untie, and when motor stopped operating, detent promptly retrained reel from reel, make it and to rotate, and make measuring mechanism stop at material face position.
As another kind of embodiment of the present invention, driving mechanism can match by motor-operated leading screw with leading screw, is fixed with the nut of measuring mechanism on it.
As most preferred embodiment of the present invention, use motor driving reducer in the driving mechanism, and act on the leading screw with the output terminal of speed reduction unit, drive guide screw movement.
Demonstration as liquid level or liquid level also can be executed realization by following finger: on motor shaft or reducer shaft or pulley spindle or hoist cable reel or leading screw potentiometer is set, utilize the motion of motor or drive unit that potentiometer resistance is changed, charge level or liquid level position are converted to the electric signal demonstration.
The object of the invention realizes according to following experiment conclusion: when the γ source is positioned at vessel level or the above position of material face, because liquid level or material face top have only the lower gas of density to exist, the γ backscattered light subnumber that is produced was few when particularly gamma-rays was pencil and passes chamber wall and enter container; When the γ source was positioned at liquid level or material face with upper/lower positions, the gamma-rays that enters container promptly entered in the liquid or in the material, because liquid or solid density is much larger than gas density, so the backward scattering γ photon number that produces increases greatly.Experiment shows, is state of saturation when the γ source is lower than the backward scattering γ counting rate that liquid level or the following appropriate location of solid charge level produced, and the backward scattering γ counting rate that produced is continued to move no longer with the variation that moves down in γ source at this in the γ source below the position; And backward scattering γ counting rate is a background level when the γ source is higher than liquid level or the above appropriate location of solid charge level, also no longer changes with the rising in γ source.When the γ source was between liquid level or above appropriate location of solid charge level and the following appropriate location, backward scattering γ counting rate took place obviously to change with place, γ source height change.
Funtcional relationship between liquid level and backward scattering γ counting rate when accompanying drawing 1 provides with water as measured medium.To other liquid,, and, find that all its liquid level or charge level have the result substantially the same with Fig. 1 with its backward scattering γ counting rate in the material surface measurement experiment as sand, coal dust etc. to powder and granule shape material as the liquid level gauging of oils, organic solvent, metal liquid etc.
The present invention is based on above-mentioned physical basis, with the liquid level position place backward scattering γ counting rate that records in advance as the setting signal value, the backward scattering γ count value that draws with actual measurement and the ratio of predefined signal value or difference are as motor forward and backward or out-of-work control signal, make motor work, driving measuring mechanism moves up and down along liquid level or material face, approach liquid level or material face, finally make measuring mechanism be parked in liquid level or material face place, thereby demonstrate the position or the height of liquid level or material face.
As from the foregoing, gamma-rays only need pass chamber wall and runs into the material or the gas of internal tank and just the backward scattering effect can take place during the present invention measured, need not to make gamma-rays to pass entire container, therefore, radioactive source activity used in the present invention is little, only is one of percentage of radioactive source activity in the existing apparatus generally.Because the little shielding protection that not only is easy to of radioactivity, safer to personnel, but and the weight of alleviator, the reducing apparatus cost makes its installation more easy.Secondly, the present invention also has good measuring accuracy, highly sensitive advantage.This is because the distance of passing by at the measuring process gamma-rays is shorter, thereby gamma-rays collimates, and is detected the counting rate height that device records, and measuring mechanism be positioned at the material face when above or following the counting difference bigger.The 3rd advantage of the present invention is the restriction that can not be subjected to range or container dimensional, particularly adopts hoist cable formula driving mechanism, and it measures range is unlimited in principle.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is that gamma ray projector is apart from function relation curve between water surface distance and backward scattering γ counting rate.
Fig. 2 is structure, transmission, the control synoptic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 3 is structure, transmission, the control intention of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a measuring mechanism synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation.
In the first embodiment of the invention that Fig. 2 provides, measuring mechanism 1 is suspended to an end of hoist cable 8, and by hoist cable 8, pulley 9, hoist cable reel 7, speed reduction unit 10 with act on electromagnetic brake on the reel 7 (expression on the figure) and constitute driving mechanism.2 is the measuring mechanism working power.The gamma-rays that is sent by the gamma ray projector in the measuring mechanism enters container and promptly produces the backward scattering gamma-rays, and the gamma ray detector in the measured mechanism of backward scattering gamma-rays detects, and electric signal is handled and be converted to the backward scattering γ signal that is produced through count rate meter.This electric signal is sent in the window comparator 4 and is compared with setting value.The output terminal feed-in motor positive and negative rotating controller 12 of window comparator 4 is in the different operating state with control motor 11.Controller 12 constitutes with counter-rotating relay 6 by just changeing relay 5 in this example.Medium that this example is surveyed is a water, and container wall thickness is 6.5 millimeters steel plates, and used radioactive source is the cobalt 60 source of 1 millicurie.Detector sodium iodide crystal scintillation counter.Be defined as 4.8 volts in this example on the window comparator; Lower limit set is in 4.7 volts.Detector is in the water surface and is output as 3 volts more than 4 centimetres, is output as 6.5 volts when the water surface is below 4 centimetres.Bidding chi on chamber wall is provided with cue mark on the measuring mechanism shell.This example is actual, and to estimate precision be the 1-3 millimeter.
Measuring mechanism in the present embodiment is referring to Fig. 4, is by vitriol chamber 14 and is arranged at gamma ray projector 16 in the vitriol chamber 14 and detector that sodium iodide crystal scintillation counter 15 constitutes constitutes.Wherein gamma ray projector (cobalt 60) places in the collimating aperture 17 in the vitriol chamber 14.
Driving mechanism is by speed reduction unit 18, leading screw 19 and be fixed with measuring mechanism 1 and the nut 20 that matches with leading screw 19 is formed in the second embodiment of the invention that Fig. 3 provides.Rotate when motor 11 drives leading screws 19 by speed reduction unit 18, and can drive measuring mechanism when acting on nut 20 and move up and down along leading screw 19.
Liquid level is to show by potentiometer is set on screw mandrel in this example, utilizes leading screw to rotate potentiometer resistance is changed, and changes altitude signal into electric signal and shows (not drawing in the accompanying drawing).
The calculating instrument circuit adopts 97 pages of given count rate meter circuit of " nuclear electronics " volume two in the above-described embodiments, window comparator adopts John Mackus, " Modern Electionic CircuitsReference Manual " McGRAW-Hiss, the circuit that provides among the Inc.1982.U.S.A.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of assay method with liquid level or material face position or height in the gamma-rays mensuration container is characterized in that:
A, will have radioactive source and the vitriol chamber of detecting element and be arranged at by on the motor-driven drive unit that can relative material face moves up and down,
Backward scattering γ photon number in b, the measuring vessel,
C, change measured γ photon number into electric signal,
D, relatively with described electric signal and predefined signal value, control motor forward or reverse when described electric signal and setting signal value do not wait, driving measuring mechanism moves along the tested surface short transverse, when described electric signal equates with the setting signal value, motor stops operating, and makes measuring mechanism show liquid level or material face position or height.
2, it is a kind of that claim 1 is described measures liquid level or material face position or the custom-designed measurement mechanism of assay method highly in the container with gamma-rays in order to implement, wherein be provided with gamma ray projector, gamma ray detector and photosignal change-over circuit, it is characterized in that device of the present invention is by measuring mechanism, motor, by motor-operated driving mechanism that measuring mechanism is moved along liquid level or material face short transverse, photoelectric switching circuit and the motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit be made up of comparator circuit in count rate meter circuit and the window constitute, described measuring mechanism is by vitriol chamber and the gamma ray projector of inserting in the vitriol chamber, gamma ray detector constitutes, there is a collimating aperture facing to test solution face or material face the position of placing gamma ray projector in the described vitriol chamber, the output termination count rate meter circuit of gamma ray detector, count rate meter output termination window comparator circuit, the output termination motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit of window comparator circuit, the γ photon counting that gamma ray detector measures is an electric signal through the count rate meter circuit conversion, described electric signal is sent in the window comparator and is preestablished signal ratio relatively, described electric signal makes the motor forward or reverse by the motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit when preestablishing signal value and do not wait, and described electric signal stops operating motor by the motor positive and reverse rotation control circuit when preestablishing signal value and equate.
3, measurement mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described driving mechanism is made of speed reduction unit, detent, pulley hoist cable.
4, measurement mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that the described driving mechanism nut that is fixed with measuring mechanism on it that matches by leading screw with leading screw constitutes.
5, device according to claim 4 is characterized in that also being provided with in the driving mechanism speed reduction unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93104757 CN1060269C (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Measuring method and apparatus for material surface position or height |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93104757 CN1060269C (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Measuring method and apparatus for material surface position or height |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1094512A CN1094512A (en) | 1994-11-02 |
| CN1060269C true CN1060269C (en) | 2001-01-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 93104757 Expired - Fee Related CN1060269C (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Measuring method and apparatus for material surface position or height |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102706416A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 郭云昌 | Method referring to determine switching point of switch type passive nucleon material level gage |
| CN104677462A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 浙江沁园水处理科技有限公司 | Self-adapted non-immersion type liquid level detection device and detection method |
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1993
- 1993-04-22 CN CN 93104757 patent/CN1060269C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1094512A (en) | 1994-11-02 |
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