CN106025570A - Circular polarizer with beamforming function based on frequency selective surface - Google Patents
Circular polarizer with beamforming function based on frequency selective surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN106025570A CN106025570A CN201610490316.2A CN201610490316A CN106025570A CN 106025570 A CN106025570 A CN 106025570A CN 201610490316 A CN201610490316 A CN 201610490316A CN 106025570 A CN106025570 A CN 106025570A
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- metal
- circular polarizer
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- selective surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circular polarizer with a beamforming function based on a frequency selective surface. The circular polarizer comprises the frequency selective surface, wherein the frequency selective surface comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal structural unit which is arranged on the dielectric substrate; the metal structural unit comprises a plurality of structural subunits which are identical or similar in structure and arranged vertically and horizontally; each structural subunit comprises a first metal belt, second metal blocks and third metal strips which are distributed at intervals; the number of the second metal blocks in each structural subunit is two, the number of the third metal strips in each structural subunit is two, and the second metal blocks and the third metal strips are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first metal belt in a separated manner; and two edges of each third metal strip are arc-shaped, and one edge is linear-shaped. The circular polarizer can be used for forming a radiation pattern of transmitting electromagnetic waves while realizing the conversion from linear polarized waves to circularly polarized waves. Compared with an existing circular polarizer, the circular polarizer provided by the invention has the advantages of simple design, easy processing, small size, beamforming function and the like, and has an important application prospect in the future satellite and communication systems.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to novel artificial electromagnetic media and wireless communication system field of electronic devices, specifically a kind of circular polarisation
Device.
Background technology
Circularly polarised wave has very important effect in satellite and communication system.Lead at space communication system and remote sensing device
Territory, circularly polarised wave can effectively reduce loss of signal, reduce the polarization caused due to ionosphere Faraday rotation effect simultaneously
Reaction.In electronic countermeasure field, circularly polarised wave can detect or upset the electromagnetism of the arbitrarily polarization in addition to reverse circularly polarised wave
Ripple.The more important thing is, loading on the circular polarized antenna on high-speed moving object or rotating object can receive at an arbitrary position
Wireless signal.The most in recent years, the production method of circularly polarised wave caused the interest of a lot of scientific research personnel.
There is a lot of method can realize the conversion from line polarization wave to circularly polarised wave, such as chiral material or photon at present
Material, folding line structure, optical grating construction and novel artificial resistance electromagnetic surface etc..But existing circular polarizer does not have wave beam to be composed
Sexual function, volume is bigger simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, for solving the problems referred to above that prior art exists, applicant provide a kind of based on frequency-selective surfaces
The circular polarizer with wave beam forming function.
The technical scheme of the application is particularly as follows: a kind of circular polarisation with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces
Device, including frequency-selective surfaces, described frequency-selective surfaces includes medium substrate and the metal structure being positioned on medium substrate
Unit；Described metal structure unit includes some same or analogous structural sub-units of the structure arranged in length and breadth；
Described structural sub-units includes the first metal tape, the second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper spaced apart；Described second
Metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper are respectively two, are respectively symmetrically the both sides being distributed in the first metal tape；Described 3rd bonding jumper
Both sides are arc, are straight line.
In a further embodiment, frequency-selective surfaces is two-layer, and the structure of frequency-selective surfaces is identical and cloth set direction
Unanimously.
This programme relates to a kind of circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces, including medium substrate
With the metal structure unit being positioned in described medium substrate；Described metal structure unit includes that multiple shape is identical, size phase
Structural sub-units with (ratio is 1) or similar (ratio is not 1)；The structural sub-units size of diverse location by than
Example scales, to transmitted through electromagnetic wave have different phase response, thus impact through after circular polarizer electromagnetic wave etc. phase
Plane, and then realize wave beam forming.
In a further embodiment, have to introduce capacity effect between the metal part of described metal unit structure
Gap, in conjunction with the inductive effect of metal structure itself so that the electromagnetic wave of x polarization and y polarization is after by circular polarizer
The difference of 90 ° is had, it is achieved the conversion from line polarization wave to circularly polarised wave in phase place.
Preferably, described structural sub-units includes the first metal tape, the second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper spaced apart；
Described second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper are respectively two, are respectively symmetrically the both sides being distributed in the first metal tape；Described 3rd
The both sides of bonding jumper are arc, are straight line.
Implement that the present invention is obtainable provides the benefit that: the present invention uses electromagnetic horn to feed, and is realizing line polarization wave
While changing to circularly polarised wave, the antenna pattern of transmitted electromagnetic wave can be carried out figuration, compared to existing entelechy
Changing device, it is simple that the present invention has design, it is easy to processing, volume is little, has the advantages such as wave beam forming function, not simultaneously
Satellite and communication system have important application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the structural representation of monolayer frequency-selective surfaces.
Fig. 1 b is the cellular construction schematic diagram that component frequency selects surface.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b is the equivalent-circuit model of two quadrature components of cellular construction incident electromagnetic wave respectively.
Fig. 3 a is that two quadrature components of incident electromagnetic wave are transmitted through the amplitude size after cellular construction.
Fig. 3 b is that two quadrature components of incident electromagnetic wave are transmitted through the phase place size after cellular construction.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of beam-broadening.
Fig. 5 is that two quadrature components illustrating incident electromagnetic wave are becoming transmitted through the phase place after different size of cellular construction
Phase contrast between change and two components.
Fig. 6 a and 6b is respectively the testing radiation directional diagram of simple electromagnetic horn and the survey of the electromagnetic horn being loaded with the present invention
Examination antenna pattern.
Fig. 7 illustrates the axle ratio of transmitted electromagnetic wave.
Detailed description of the invention
It is described in conjunction with the accompanying technical scheme, know-why and ins and outs.As it is shown in figure 1, the base of the present invention
Having the circular polarizer of wave beam forming function while frequency-selective surfaces, this structure utilizes horn feed, by anchor
Shape cellular construction realizes the conversion from line polarization wave to circularly polarised wave.When row array, by the unit on diverse location is tied
Structure carries out the scaling of different proportion, it is achieved specific PHASE DISTRIBUTION, finally realizes specific antenna pattern.Can from figure
Seeing, construction unit certain central point along frequency-selective surfaces is centrosymmetric distribution, or equal away from symmetrical centre
Construction unit, structure is identical and becomes minute surface symmetrical.It should be noted that mirror image pattern here is only used to guarantee fund
The symmetry of metal patterns.If it is symmetrical that cellular construction does not press minute surface, wave beam forming function is also unaffected.
Further, Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b sets forth structural representation and the composition frequency of described monolayer frequency-selective surfaces
Rate selects the cellular construction schematic diagram on surface, including medium substrate and the metal structure that is attached to described medium substrate upper strata.Tool
As shown in Figure 1 b, metal structure includes that multiple construction unit, each metal structure unit include a metal tape and two to body
Group is respectively distributed to metal derby and the bonding jumper on metal tape both sides, and bonding jumper and metal derby are respectively two, are symmetrically distributed in gold
Belonging to the both sides of band, metal derby is rectangle, and bonding jumper is straight line, and additionally both sides are arc, metal derby, bonding jumper
And there is between metal tape predetermined space.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 b, the width of metal tape is W1, metal tape
And the distance between metal derby is g, a length of L2 of metal derby, width are W1.The a length of W3 of straight line of bonding jumper,
The outer arc limit of bonding jumper is r to the distance at construction unit center.Two-layer frequency-selective surfaces interval 12mm, solid by screw
In face of horn mouth footpath at 20mm.And the intermetallic metal band wire of cellular construction needs to become 45 degree of angles with the axis of loudspeaker
Place.
The circular polarizer of the present invention includes the frequency-selective surfaces that two-layer is identical, and two-layer frequency-selective surfaces is when placing
Want holding unit structure direction strict conformance.The Cycle Length of cellular construction is 15mm.Electric field side when incident electromagnetic wave
When become 45 degree of angles with y-axis, then incident electromagnetic wave can be decomposed into two equal orthogonal components of amplitude:
Wherein, E0It is the amplitude of incident electromagnetic wave,WithBeing respectively x-axis and the unit vector of y-axis, k is the most empty
Between wave number,WithRepresent the electric field being parallel and perpendicular to intermetallic metal band wire.When electromagnetic wave is through being tied by this unit
During the frequency-selective surfaces that structure forms, transmitted electromagnetic wave can be written as:
Wherein, T||And T⊥For x polarization and the transmission coefficient of y polarization.Can draw from formula (2), two components
Phase contrast isAccording to the definition of circularly polarised wave, whenAnd | T|||=| T⊥| time, line polarization wave
Just can be converted into circularly polarised wave.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b gives the cellular construction equivalent-circuit model for two quadrature components of incident electromagnetic wave.Figure
2a is the circuit model to y polarized electromagnetic wave, and Fig. 2 b is the circuit model to x polarized electromagnetic wave.
Wherein, CgvAnd CghRepresent that gap is for y polarization and the effect of x polarization respectively；Introduced by intermetallic metal band wire
Inductive effect is by LmsRepresent；Cv, Ch, LvAnd LhIt is the electric capacity that causes of other metal parts and inductive effect respectively.Class
As, the equivalent-circuit model of the two-layer frequency-selective surfaces of the present invention is the cascade of circuit model in two figures.Pass through
Adjust electric capacity and the value of inductance, i.e. adjust metal structure and the size in gap, meet the condition of above-mentioned circularly polarised wave,
Just can realize the function of circular polarizer.
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b is just giving two of the linear polarised electromagnetic wave (direction of an electric field becomes 45 degree of angles with y-axis) of incidence
Hand over the change that the component cellular construction amplitude by the present invention and phase place occur.txxRepresent the transmission system of the component along x-axis
Number, tyyRepresent the transmission coefficient of the component along y-axis.It can be seen that at 7GHz, two components are by after cellular construction
Amplitude size the same, phase 90 degree.Can be determined that the cellular construction of the present invention can realize from line polarization wave to
The conversion of circularly polarised wave.
Fig. 4 gives the principle schematic realizing beam-broadening.Change for wave beam has two kinds from dividing in shape, a kind of
Being broadening, one is compression.The circular polarizer with wave beam forming function of the present invention then can realize wave beam a side
Upwards broadening, compresses on another orthogonal direction.This figure only gives the principle schematic of broadening as an example.Due to
In actual application, feed is closer to point source, therefore it is also contemplated that the phase contrast that introduces of point source in present principles figure.By
The phase contrast ψ that point source introduces-3, ψ-2, ψ-1, ψ1, ψ2, ψ3Represent, the most corresponding label list from-1 to 1
Meta structure.As a example by the cellular construction being numbered-2 and-1, the phase contrast introduced by point source between the two cellular construction is:
Wherein, k is the wave number of free space, and p is the Cycle Length of cellular construction.When electromagnetic wave selects table through frequency
During face, it is to differ from the distance of the cellular construction of frequency-selective surfaces diverse location to the equiphase surface of required antenna pattern
Sample.The optical path difference of this part can be written as:
Wherein, the virtual image of the beam origin after O ' is broadening.-2 and-1 can be numbered according to above-mentioned two formula
Total phase contrast of cellular construction should be:
In actual applications, owing to source point has given to the distance of described circular polarizer, therefore α, a ', θ, θ ' can
Obtain.Being similar to, on diverse location, the phase contrast of cellular construction all can be obtained.Required overall phase may finally be obtained
Position distribution.
Fig. 5 gives two quadrature components of incident electromagnetic wave to be changed transmitted through the phase place after different size of cellular construction
And the phase contrast between two components.Operating frequency 7GHz when, along with the change of cellular construction size, two
The phase place variation tendency of individual quadrature component keeps consistent substantially, and phase contrast is in the range of 90 ° ± 10 °, it is believed that transmission
Ripple is still that circularly polarised wave.According to the above-mentioned analysis for PHASE DISTRIBUTION, diverse location in frequency-selective surfaces can be pushed away to obtain
The size of unit.Owing to the beam shape that the present invention is final is one the direction compression of a direction broadening, therefore should be by whole
Phase place change curve is divided into two parts, a part to be used for realizing beam-broadening, and another part is used for realizing wave beam pressure
Contracting.The scaling being ultimately used to realize the unit of beam-broadening is respectively 1.1, and 1.02,0.96, it is used for realizing wave beam pressure
The scaling of the unit of contracting is respectively 0.3,0.62,0.96.
Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b gives the testing radiation directional diagram of simple electromagnetic horn and is loaded with the electromagnetic horn of the present invention
The contrast of testing radiation directional diagram.It will be seen that in the direction of beam-broadening, the 3dB of the antenna pattern of simple loudspeaker
Carrying a width of 37 degree, after being loaded with the present invention, beam angle becomes 51.43 degree, has the broadening of 14.43 degree；Simultaneously at ripple
The direction of bundle compression, wave beam has the compression of 3.77 degree.
Fig. 7 gives the axle of the transmitted electromagnetic wave of test than the change with frequency.It can be seen that when 7GHz, transmitted wave
The axle ratio of bundle, less than 3dB, illustrates the success of polarization conversion, and the design simultaneously proposed has certain bandwidth.
Particular radiation directional diagram can be produced by the weight of each part in array of designs.It is said that in general, there are two kinds of methods
Wave beam forming can be realized.A kind of be optimize cellular construction arrangement mode, another kind of then be optimization cellular construction phase place
Distribution.Different situations needs different antenna patterns, and types of applications scene is required for being provided that different radiation direction
The frequency-selective surfaces of figure.The frequency-selective surfaces therefore with wave beam forming function just becomes particularly significant.
The cellular construction on surface is selected by design frequency, so that the level that cellular construction is to line of incidence polarized electromagnetic wave
Different responses is had with vertical component.When cellular construction shows as capacity effect to one of which component, just to another simultaneously
When handing over component to show as inductive effect, the phase contrast of two components after transmission then can reach 90 °.If it is simultaneously full
The amplitude of latter two component of foot transmission is equal in magnitude, then complete the conversion from line polarization wave to circularly polarised wave.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces,
Utilize horn feed, the anchor cellular construction improved realize the conversion from line polarization wave to circularly polarised wave.Exist simultaneously
When lining up array, by the cellular construction on diverse location being carried out the scaling of different proportion, it is achieved specific PHASE DISTRIBUTION,
Finally realize specific antenna pattern.It is simple that the present invention has design, it is easy to processing, volume is little, has wave beam simultaneously
The advantages such as figuration function, have important application prospect in Future Satellite and communication system.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention.It is noted that, for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces, it is characterised in that include that frequency-selective surfaces, described frequency-selective surfaces include medium substrate and the metal structure unit being positioned on medium substrate；Described metal structure unit includes some same or analogous structural sub-units of the structure arranged in length and breadth；
Described structural sub-units includes the first metal tape, the second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper spaced apart；Described second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper are respectively two, are respectively symmetrically the both sides being distributed in the first metal tape；The both sides of described 3rd bonding jumper are arc, are straight line.
2. the circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that frequency-selective surfaces is two-layer, and the structure of frequency-selective surfaces is identical and cloth set direction is consistent.
3. a circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces, it is characterised in that include medium substrate and the metal structure unit being positioned in described medium substrate；Described metal structure unit includes the structural sub-units that multiple shape is identical, equivalently-sized or similar；The structural sub-units size bi-directional scaling of diverse location, to transmitted through electromagnetic wave have different phase response, thus impact is through the equiphase surface of electromagnetic wave after circular polarizer, and then realizes wave beam forming.
4. the circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, between the metal part of described metal unit structure, there is to introduce the gap of capacity effect, inductive effect in conjunction with metal structure itself so that the electromagnetic wave of x polarization and y polarization has 90 after by circular polarizer in phase placeoDifference, it is achieved the conversion from line polarization wave to circularly polarised wave.
5. the circular polarizer with wave beam forming function based on frequency-selective surfaces as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described structural sub-units includes the first metal tape, the second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper spaced apart；Described second metal derby and the 3rd bonding jumper are respectively two, are respectively symmetrically the both sides being distributed in the first metal tape；The both sides of described 3rd bonding jumper are arc, are straight line.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107994347A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-04 | 北京华镁钛科技有限公司 | A kind of reactance loaded antenna meander line circular polarisation grid applied to the incidence of big angle of inclination |
| CN108767491A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 宁波大学 | A kind of dual-band dual-circular polarization device based on FSS |
| WO2023226528A1 (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-30 | 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 | Frequency selective surface for antenna, and antenna system |
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| CN104577270A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Broadband filter based on frequency selective surface plasmon |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107994347A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-04 | 北京华镁钛科技有限公司 | A kind of reactance loaded antenna meander line circular polarisation grid applied to the incidence of big angle of inclination |
| CN107994347B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2023-10-24 | 北京华镁钛科技有限公司 | Reactance loading meanderline circular polarization grid applied to incidence with large inclination angle |
| CN108767491A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 宁波大学 | A kind of dual-band dual-circular polarization device based on FSS |
| WO2023226528A1 (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-30 | 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 | Frequency selective surface for antenna, and antenna system |
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