CN106024413A - Super capacitor device made of graphitized nitrogen doped porous nanometer sheet carbon material - Google Patents
Super capacitor device made of graphitized nitrogen doped porous nanometer sheet carbon material Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super capacitor device made of graphitized nitrogen doped porous nanometer sheet carbon material. The method includes the steps of uniformly mixing dried rice bran meal, nitrogen source, activator and catalyst, carbonizing and activating the mixture in a microwave device under the protection of inert gases to product black powder, adding distilled water for pumping filtration and washing until the PH value becomes 6.2-7, drying, mixing the prepared graphitized nitrogen doped porous nanometer sheet carbon material with binder according to a mass ratio of 97 to 3, repeatedly rolling slurry into sheets and placing current collectors of corresponding sizes, cold pressing under 1-50 MPa for 150 seconds, drying to obtain pole pieces of a super capacitor, assembling a pole piece/a diaphragm/ a pole piece into a sandwich structure, adding different electrolytes to assemble into a super capacitor device. The specific surface area of the prepared carbon material reaches 3605m<2>/g, the specific capacitance of an assembled super capacitor of bi-electrode system under 10A/g reaches 334F/g, and charging and discharging conservation rate for ten thousand times reaches 98.6%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of ultracapacitor device, the ultracapacitor device of a kind of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element, belong to electrochemical applications field.
Background technology
Along with the exhaustion of fossil resource, people are in the urgent need to cleaning, the energy efficient, continuable, and associated energy is changed and stores new technique.Ultracapacitor is also known as electrochemical capacitor, and it is a kind of Novel energy storage apparatus between traditional capacitor and rechargeable battery.It has that charge/discharge rates is fast, efficiency is high, environmentally safe, have extended cycle life, use temperature range width, safety high, is considered most promising new green power in this century.
Double layer capacitor is reversible electrochemical capacitor Electrostatic Absorption ion storage electric charge, needs have high surface and the porous electrode material with electrolyte intermediate ion size adaptation hole.The activated carbon of high-specific surface area, mostlys come from traditional biomass, coal or activated carbon of extraction from oil, and has put into commercially use, but, under high power density, energy density only only has (5-8Wh/kg).Although micropore makes material have high-specific surface area and low-porosity, but hinders ion and enter little duct or cannot the most quickly be adsorbed, preferable pore size should be slightly greater than solute ion.On the other hand, mesopore/macropore combined pore structure is conducive to entrance and the quickly transmission of ion, thus improves the performance of its fast charging and discharging.But, this mesopore/macropore combined material with carbon element specific surface area is usually less than 1000m2/ g, and density is less than 0.4g/cm3, so the capacitive energy of this kind of material limited (in organic system < 120F/g).At present, existing several synthetic methods can obtain the high specific surface area porous carbon that size distribution is controlled.Template is usually used to porous carbon or the porous silicon carbide silicon materials that synthesis controls, and can realize the efficient quick adsorption to ion and transfer, but its relative complex synthesis technique and/or use toxic chemical substance/gas, it is unfavorable for the production of scale.Such as: Hou Jianhua etc. utilize colloidal sol-emulsion-gel route synthesis to have the phenolic resin-silicon dioxide of hollow-core construction, the silicon dioxide in " penetration twin structure " composite is removed after carbonization, obtain the controlled meso-porous hollow nano carbon microsphere of microstructure and be applied to ultracapacitor (Nanoscale, 2016,8,451-457).Under 0.5A/g electric current density, electric capacity is about 230F/g, even if remaining in that of a relatively high electric capacity about 200F/g under high current density 10A/g.Although meso-porous hollow nano carbon microsphere can realize the electric discharge behavior of big electric current, but complicated process of preparation, relatively costly, it is difficult to industrialized production.Therefore, biomass are prepared porous carbon materials as a kind of Renewable resource and are received much concern, and reason is that the cost of material is low, practical, renewable and environmental friendliness for biomass carbon.But, from the point of view of the document the most delivered and patent, their energy density and power density performance are still unsatisfactory.Such as: Hu etc. use ZnCl2The method of activation rice husk is prepared for specific surface area and reaches 1565m2The activated carbon of/g, shows preferable capacitive property, reaches 233F/g (ElectrochimicaActa 2013,105,635 641) than electric capacity sweeping of 2A/g under speed.He Xiaojun et al. uses Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae to be raw material, carries out activation processing with KOH, and the specific surface area of gained absorbent charcoal material reaches 1227m2/ g, shows preferable stability (CN102417179A) as capacitor electrode material.
Patent CN101759181A discloses a kind of with the hard fruit shells such as Fructus Pruni shell, peach shell or corn cob as raw material, and with a certain amount of phosphoric acid as activator, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate are that expanding agent is prepared specific capacitance and reached the activated carbon of 200F/g.Patent CNIO1525132A discloses one with starch (oxidative crosslinked starch, Semen Maydis cationic starch, graft copolymerization starch, soluble starch or tapioca) as raw material, and potassium hydroxide is the method that activator produces activated carbon for super capacitors.But the activated carbon electric conductivity ability used by above patent, and it is relatively more serious than capacitance is decayed at higher current densities, is not suitable for using under operating condition under big electric current, and energy density is relatively low.
Hou Jianhua et al. uses silkworm silk to be raw material, uses FeCl3And ZnCl2Carrying out graphitization-activation raw material, the specific surface area of gained absorbent charcoal material reaches 2494m2/ g, shows preferable stability and higher energy density as capacitor electrode material, but silkworm silk is too expensive, prepares relatively costly (the ACS Nano.2015,9,2556-2564) of porous carbon.In the long run, material with carbon element precursor material should be cheap and abundant, preferably with crude biomass material and be easy to industrialized method and prepare there is high surface and the controlled porous carbon materials of DSP, when applying simultaneously to ultracapacitor device, there is high power density and high energy density.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing porous active carbon feedstock and preparation method thereof Shortcomings, it is provided that the ultracapacitor device of a kind of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element.Preparation process is selected cheap, environmental protection, the lamellar material with carbon element preparing a kind of graphitization N doping with rice bran meal as raw material, and its specific surface area is high and pore-size distribution is adjustable, the ultracapacitor device of high power, high-energy-density can be obtained as the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions, comprise the steps:
Step one: use microwave device carbonization-activation under inert gas shielding after homogeneous for the mixing of dried rice bran meal (preparing the presoma of material with carbon element), nitrogen source, activator and catalyst；
Step 2: will the black powder of preparation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.2-7；
Step 3: by graphited N doping porous nano lamellar material with carbon element and the binding agent of preparation, the ratio of 97:3 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll slurry to flake, described sheet electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, cold pressing the 5-150 second for 1-50 MPa, then dry at 60-120 DEG C, obtain the pole piece of ultracapacitor；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, is assembled into " sandwich " structure, is subsequently adding different electrolyte and is assembled into ultracapacitor device.
Wherein, step one uses microwave device carbonization-activation under inert gas shielding, it is also possible to be with common tube furnace carbon
Change activation.
In N doping described in step one, nitrogen source is protein, aminoacid, tripolycyanamide, aniline, polyaniline, poly-pyrimidine, carbamide, the one of sulfur urine.
Activator described in step one includes: alkali activator is the one in potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonia spirit；Acidic activator is the first in phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate；Neutral activator is the one in zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride；The activator of physically activated method is the one in steam, carbon dioxide, air, hydrogen peroxide.
Collector described in step 3 be a kind of can conductive material, for the one of following material: aluminium foil, carbon-coated aluminum foils, Copper Foil, nickel foil, nickel foam, carbon cloth.
Binding agent described in step 3 is at least one in politef (PTFE), sodium alginate, Kynoar (PVDF), butadiene-styrene rubber, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic resin.
Barrier film described in step 3 can be the one of following material: nylon cloth, all-glass paper PP, PP, PE microporous membrane, polyvinyl alcohol film, asbestos paper.
Electrolyte described in step 4 is aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte and il electrolyte.
Aqueous electrolyte is alkaline, acid or neutral.
Beneficial effect:
1. the invention provides a kind of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and be prepared by ultracapacitor device, design technology process is simple, convenient control, clean environment firendly, it is easy to industrialization realizes；
2. high surface area (2592-3605m2/ g) avtive spot of more multipotency adsorption charge is provided, be conducive to improving the energy density of ultracapacitor；
3. the electric conductivity of N doping graphitization porous nano-sheet material with carbon element is high, and after nitrogen-doping, material is provided that high fake capacitance；
4. the adjustable and structure of nano-sheet in pore-size distribution (0.52nm-3.5nm) and porosity certain limit, provides quick passage for the ion in electrolyte so that it is have more excellent large current density power and energy density thereof；
5. rice bran meal is can to produce 1.54 × 10 every year with the side-product of expansion extraction method production Testa oryzae oil5Ton.Not only aboundresources, and cheap.Porous activated carbon ash is low, and wellability is good, and the two electrode system double electric layers supercapacitors being assembled into have higher ratio electric capacity, less equivalent series resistance, higher efficiency for charge-discharge, and low time constant.
6. the invention provides the ultracapacitor under the conditions of big electric current uses, such as: under conditions of electrolyte is water system, high current density 1A/g and 10A/g can reach 386F/g and 334F/g；
7. the invention provides the ultracapacitor still under high power density with high-energy-density, such as: under conditions of electrolyte is ion liquid system, when power density is 2446W/kg, energy density is 95Wh/kg.
N doping graphitization porous nano-sheet material with carbon element not only specific surface area prepared by present invention process is high, ash content low, nitrogen element is moderate, the wellability on surface is good, electric conductivity is high, and adjustable in pore-size distribution and pore volume certain limit be preferable electrode material for super capacitor.Then with this material as electrode material for super capacitor, it is achieved high power, the preparation and application of high-energy density super capacitor device.N doping graphitization porous nano-sheet material with carbon element has the advantage that the rice bran meal of 1. agricultural by-products as the electrode material for super capacitor of high power, high-energy-density, rich and easy to get, and has eco-friendly advantage；2. microwave method prepares porous activated carbon advantage is that speed is fast, and energy consumption is low, pollution-free；3. high surface area (2592-3605m2/ g) avtive spot of more multipotency adsorption charge is provided, be conducive to improving the energy density of ultracapacitor；4. the electric conductivity of N doping graphitization porous nano-sheet material with carbon element is high, and after N doping, material is provided that high fake capacitance；5. the adjustable and structure of nano-sheet in pore-size distribution (0.52nm-3.5nm) and porosity certain limit, provides quick passage for the ion in electrolyte so that it is have more excellent large current density power and energy density thereof；6. porous activated carbon ash is low, wellability is good, the two electrode system double electric layers supercapacitors being assembled into have higher ratio electric capacity, less equivalent series resistance, higher efficiency for charge-discharge, and low time constant, particularly under high magnification, discharge and recharge has higher energy density (power density 2446W/kg, energy density 91Wh/kg) etc..Professional application of the present invention is strong, and design technology process is simple, and cost is relatively low, clean environment firendly, it is easy to industrialization realizes.While preparing active carbon with high specific surface area, also can realize its pore structure is oriented regulation and control, contribute to improving further and expanding the professional application of activated carbon.Patent and document report are not yet shown in the application of the method and ultracapacitor thereof of preparing base N doping graphitization porous nano-sheet material with carbon element currently with rice bran meal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure of prepared graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element in embodiment 1, the SEM progressively the amplified figure of Fig. 1 a be respectively 1b, 1c and 1d,
Fig. 2 is transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of prepared graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element in embodiment 1；Fig. 2 a the TEM progressively amplified figure be respectively 2b, 2c and 2d,
Fig. 3 is nitrogen adsorption desorption curve (3a) and the pore size distribution curve figure (3b) that embodiment 1-4 prepares graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element；
Fig. 4 is that to be applied to electrolyte in ultracapacitor device be the cyclic voltammogram of water system to embodiment 1 graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element.
Fig. 5 is that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element of embodiment 2 is applied to ultracapacitor device, and electrolyte is the different multiplying constant current charge-discharge figure of water system.
Fig. 6 is that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element of embodiment 3 is applied to ultracapacitor device, and electrolyte is the specific volume spirogram under the different multiplying constant current charge-discharge of ionic liquid.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described by the following examples, but not thereby limiting the invention.
With embodiment, the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, NaOH and FeCl3Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with microwave under inert gas shielding, power is 1000W, microwave radiation 20 minutes, is then incubated 10 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: porous active Carbon Materials and PTFE are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 97:3 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 20 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 16mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, is subsequently adding 7M KOH and is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.(table 1 (N-BAC-1) and accompanying drawing 1-4 are the concrete outcome implementing this example)
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) for graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element prepared in embodiment 1 of accompanying drawing 1 and Fig. 2 and transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure, as can be seen from the figure material presents the structure of lamellar, and the electrode figure of high power shows obvious little mesoporous.Accompanying drawing 3 is nitrogen adsorption desorption curve Fig. 3 a and pore size distribution curve Fig. 3 b of foxtail millet scytoblastema porous active Carbon Materials N-BAC-1；Table 1 shows that the specific surface area of N-BAC-1 is up to 2592m2/ g, pore volume is 0.98cm3/g.Accompanying drawing 4 is that to be applied to electrolyte in ultracapacitor device be the cyclic voltammogram of water system for the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element N-BAC-1 of preparation, shows good capacitive property.
Embodiment 2
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, KOH and CoCl2Mixing is all homogeneous with activator mixing, then carries out carbonization-activation with microwave under inert gas shielding, and power is 900W, microwave radiation 30 minutes, is then incubated 5 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: porous active Carbon Materials and PTFE are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 16mg；
Step 4: step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding 1M H2SO4It is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.(table 1 (N-BAC-2) and accompanying drawing 3 and Fig. 5 are the concrete outcome implementing this example)
Accompanying drawing 3 is nitrogen adsorption desorption curve Fig. 3 a and pore size distribution curve Fig. 3 b of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element N-BAC-2；Table 1 shows that the specific surface area of N-BAC-2 is up to 3037m2/ g, pore volume is 1.09cm3/g.Fig. 5 is that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element N-BAC-2 of preparation is applied to ultracapacitor device, and electrolyte is 1M H2SO4Different multiplying constant current charge-discharge figure, even if high current density 1A/g and 10A/g discharge and recharge are up to 386F/g and 334F/g.
Embodiment 3
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, ammonia, KOH and CoCl2, then under inert gas shielding, carrying out carbonization-activation with microwave, power is 800W, microwave radiation 50 minutes, is then incubated 10 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: porous active Carbon Materials and PTFE are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 97:3 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 60 seconds for 3 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 20mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, is subsequently adding ionic liquid BMIM BF4It is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.(table 1 (N-BAC-3) and accompanying drawing 3,4 and 6 are the concrete outcome implementing this example)
The specific surface of table 1. embodiment 1,2 and 3 and pore volume mark sheet
Nitrogen adsorption desorption curve Fig. 3 a and pore size distribution curve Fig. 3 b of the accompanying drawing 3 graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element N-BAC-3 prepared by embodiment 4；Table 1 shows that the specific surface area of N-BAC-3 is up to 3605m2/ g, pore volume is 1.21cm3/g；Fig. 6 is that foxtail millet scytoblastema porous active Carbon Materials N-BAC-3 is applied to ultracapacitor device, and electrolyte is ionic liquid BMIM BF4Different multiplying constant current charge-discharge under specific volume spirogram, when high power density is 2446W/kg, energy density is still up to 95Wh/kg.
Embodiment 4
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, ammonia, KOH and Ni (NO3)2, mixing homogeneous, then under inert gas shielding, carry out carbonization-activation with microwave, power is 900W, microwave radiation 10 minutes, is then incubated 50 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: porous active Carbon Materials and sodium alginate are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 20 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 20mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding Li2SO4Middle it is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 5
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, KOH and K3[Fe(CN)6] mix homogeneous, then under inert gas shielding, carrying out carbonization-activation with microwave, power is 1000W, microwave radiation 15 minutes, is then incubated 25 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: porous active Carbon Materials and sodium alginate are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 20 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 22mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, is subsequently adding ionic liquid EMIM BF4Middle it is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 6
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, sulfur urine, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia and K3[Fe(CN)6] mix homogeneous, then under inert gas shielding, carrying out carbonization-activation with microwave, power is 900W, microwave radiation 40 minutes, is then incubated 35 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and butadiene-styrene rubber are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 25mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding EMIM BF4/ AN (acetonitrile) ratio is that 1:1 is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 7
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, KOH and K3[Fe(CN)6] mix homogeneous, then under inert gas shielding, carrying out carbonization-activation with microwave, power is 700W, microwave radiation 60 minutes, is then incubated 30 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and butadiene-styrene rubber are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 17mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, is subsequently adding ionic liquid BMIM BF4It is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 8
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, tripolycyanamide, magnesium chloride and K3[Fe(CN)6] mix homogeneous, then under inert gas shielding, carrying out carbonization-activation with microwave, power is 900W, microwave radiation 40 minutes, is then incubated 20 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and sodium alginate are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 20 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 18mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding BMIM BF4/ AN (acetonitrile) ratio is that 1:1 is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 9
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate and FeCl3Mixing homogeneous mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with microwave under inert gas shielding, power is 800W, microwave radiation 40 minutes, is then incubated 40 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and butadiene-styrene rubber are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 16mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, the ratio at organic system TEMABF4/PC that is subsequently adding is to be assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte in 1:5.
Embodiment 10
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, NaOH and NiCl2Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with tube furnace under inert gas shielding, being warming up to 900 DEG C of speed is 3 DEG C, then insulation 3 hours；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: many graphitizations N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and carboxymethyl cellulose are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 18mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, the ratio at organic system TEMABF4/PC that is subsequently adding is that 1:5 is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 11
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, zinc chloride and NiCl2Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with microwave under inert gas shielding, power is 1200W, microwave radiation 10 minutes, is then incubated 20 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the porous active Carbon Materials that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and carboxymethyl cellulose are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 20 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 20mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding BMIM BF4/ AN (acetonitrile) ratio is that 1:1 is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 12
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, magnesium chloride and NiCl2Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with tube furnace under inert gas shielding, being warming up to 950 DEG C of speed is 5 DEG C, then insulation 2 hours；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and carboxymethyl cellulose are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 95:5 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 18mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding 1M H2SO4It is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 13
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, tripolycyanamide, zinc chloride and NiCl2Mix homogeneous, then under inert gas shielding, carry out carbonization-activation with tube furnace, be heated to 630 DEG C, and be incubated 1 hour；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and PTFE are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 16mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, is subsequently adding 7M KOH and is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 14
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, carbamide, zinc chloride and CoCl2Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with tube furnace under inert gas shielding, being warming up to 850 DEG C of speed is 5 DEG C, then insulation 3 hours；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and PTFE are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 20 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 20mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, then add BMIM BF4/ AN (acetonitrile) ratio is that 1:1 is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 15
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, sulfur urine, zinc chloride and NiCl2Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with tube furnace under inert gas shielding, being warming up to 1000 DEG C of speed is 5 DEG C, then insulation 1 hour；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and PTFE are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 16mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, is subsequently adding 6M KOH and is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Embodiment 16
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, poly-pyrimidine, zinc chloride and CoCl2Mixing homogeneous, then carry out carbonization-activation with microwave under inert gas shielding, power is 700W, microwave radiation 32 minutes, is then incubated 40 minutes with microwave；
Step 2: the black powder after carbonization-activation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried after 6.4-7, it is thus achieved that the graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element that powder is preparation；
Step 3: graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element and carboxymethyl cellulose are prepared by microwave method, the ratio of 96:4 in mass ratio, add distilled water and be mixed and made into slurry, repeatedly roll the sheet electrode material that slurry obtains, described electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector, colds pressing 30 seconds for 5 MPas, then dry at 120 DEG C, obtaining the pole piece of ultracapacitor, wherein electrode material every square centimeter is more than 16mg；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, be assembled into sandwich structure, be subsequently adding BMIM BF4/ AN (acetonitrile) ratio is that 1:2 is assembled into ultracapacitor device as electrolyte.
Above-described specific descriptions; purpose, technical scheme and the beneficial effect of invention is further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the ultracapacitor device of a graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element, it is characterised in that described device
The preparation of part comprises the following steps:
Step one: by dried rice bran meal, nitrogen source, activator and catalyst mixing homogeneous after under inert gas shielding
Black powder is obtained with microwave device carbonization-activation；
Step 2: will the black powder of preparation, adding distilled water filtering and washing to pH value is to be dried to obtain after 6.2-7
Graphited N doping porous nano lamellar material with carbon element；
Step 3: binding agent will be added in the graphited N doping porous nano lamellar material with carbon element of preparation and add distilled water and mix
Slurry is made in conjunction, repeatedly rolls slurry extremely flake, described sheet electrode material is placed on correspondingly sized collector
On, cold pressing the 5-150 second for 1-50 MPa, then dry at 60-120 DEG C, obtain the pole piece of ultracapacitor；
Step 4: by pole piece/barrier film/pole piece, is assembled into " sandwich " structure, is subsequently adding different electrolyte and assembles
Become ultracapacitor device.
2. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 1, its feature
Being, in the N doping described in step one, nitrogen source is protein, aminoacid, tripolycyanamide, aniline, polyaniline, poly-phonetic
Pyridine, carbamide, the one of sulfur urine.
3. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the activator described in step one includes: alkali activator is potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, carbonic acid
One in sodium, ammonia spirit；Acidic activator is the first in phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate；Neutral alive
Agent is the one in zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride；The activator of physically activated method be steam, carbon dioxide,
One in air, hydrogen peroxide.
4. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the collector described in step 3 be a kind of can conductive material, for the one of following material: aluminium foil, carbon-coated aluminum foils,
Copper Foil, nickel foil, nickel foam, carbon cloth.
5. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the binding agent described in step 3 be politef (PTFE), sodium alginate, Kynoar (PVDF),
At least one in butadiene-styrene rubber, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic resin.
6. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the barrier film described in step 3 can be the one of following material: nylon cloth, all-glass paper PP, PP, PE
Microporous membrane, polyvinyl alcohol film, asbestos paper.
7. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the electrolyte described in step 4 is aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte and il electrolyte.
8. the ultracapacitor device of graphitization N doping porous nano-sheet material with carbon element as claimed in claim 7, it is special
Levying and be, aqueous electrolyte is alkaline, acid or neutral.
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