CN106023735A - Rotation law demonstration apparatus - Google Patents
Rotation law demonstration apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106023735A CN106023735A CN201610576364.3A CN201610576364A CN106023735A CN 106023735 A CN106023735 A CN 106023735A CN 201610576364 A CN201610576364 A CN 201610576364A CN 106023735 A CN106023735 A CN 106023735A
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- disc
- rotating disk
- code
- photoelectric sensor
- chip microcomputer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotation law demonstration apparatus. A multi-stage rotating disc and a magnet are fixed into one body through a bearing, a code disc is fixed to the rear portion of a large wheel of the multi-stage rotating disc and is coaxial to the multi-stage rotating disc which drives the code disc to rotate synchronously. One end of a long rope is inserted in any stage of the rotating disc of the multi-stage rotating disc, and the other end of the long rope is connected with a counterweight. A correlated photoelectric sensor is installed on the edge of the code disc, and the connecting line of a pair of emission/reception units of the correlated photoelectric sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the code disc. The correlated photoelectric sensor, a single-chip microcomputer and a power supply are connected with each other sequentially, and the signals acquired by the correlated photoelectric sensor are displayed on a display screen on the single-chip microcomputer. A start button and a stop button respectively control start and stop of the working of a circuit device. The demonstration apparatus can quantitatively demonstrate and verify the rotation law of university physics, and can be attached to a blackboard, a white board and other planes with iron backboards to work and to allow observation by lots of people simultaneously. The demonstration apparatus can be used for synchronous classroom demonstration of university physics and science popularization activities in public places.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of physics teaching experiment instrument, particularly a kind of law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating.
Background technology
Law of rotation is the important content in college physics teaching, belongs to the core knowledge point of rigid motion,
It is many mechanical knowledges and the basis of technology.The most not can be used in quantitatively demonstration turn on classroom
The instrument of dynamic law, so student's physical model of this law of indigestion in learning process, does not has yet
Experimental phenomena carrys out aided education intuitively, causes teaching efficiency undesirable.
Summary of the invention
For the demand in current teaching demonstration field, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of law of rotation demonstration
Device, this apparatus for demonstrating volume is little, it is simple to carry, it is possible to absorption is on blackboard, easy for installation, operation
Simply, experiment effect is good, can qualitative demonstrate, again can quantitative measurement, it is adaptable to physical theory class with
The class demonstration of step.Owing to instrument adsorbs on blackboard, so can multi-media classroom full class classmate
See experimentation and phenomenon, it is achieved that the theoretical perfect adaptation with experiment.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is to provide a kind of law of rotation demonstration dress
Put, wherein: this apparatus for demonstrating includes machinery and circuit arrangement two part, and described machinery includes
Multistage rotating disk, code-disc, bearing, long rope, Magnet, counterweight, silk hole, screw mandrel；Circuit arrangement includes list
Sheet machine, correlation photoelectric sensor with transmitter/receiver unit, display screen, power supply, beginning button,
Stop key, on and off switch, Magnet, correlation photoelectric sensor includes transmitter/receiver unit；By described
Multistage rotating disk is fixed as one by bearing with Magnet, and code-disc is fixed on the bull wheel rear portion of multistage rotating disk, with
Multistage rotating disk is coaxial, multistage driven by rotary disc code-disc synchronous axial system；Long rope one end is inserted into appointing of multistage rotating disk
On single order rotating disk, the other end is connected with counterweight, and counterweight can drive multistage rotating disk to rotate；The back of the body of single-chip microcomputer
Face is equipped with Magnet；The back side of correlation photoelectric sensor is arranged on code-disc equipped with Magnet, correlation photoelectric sensor
Edge, the line of a pair transmitter/receiver unit of correlation photoelectric sensor is perpendicular to code-disc surface,
Transmitter/receiver unit just to the aperture position of code-disc but do not contact code-disc；Correlation photoelectric sensor,
Single-chip microcomputer, power supply are sequentially connected, single-chip microcomputer is provided with beginning button, stop key, on and off switch,
The signal that correlation photoelectric sensor gathers shows on the display screen on single-chip microcomputer, starts button and presses with stopping
The beginning of key control circuit device work respectively and stopping.
The effect of the present invention is:
(1) moment is changed by changing pulling force or operating radius, with photoelectricity systematic survey angular acceleration,
The law of rotation can quantitatively demonstrated and verify in College physics course；
(2) package unit can be adsorbed on blackboard, blank etc. and other have the flat general work of ferrum backboard,
Experiment effect is obvious, is available for many people and watches simultaneously；
(3) compact, compact conformation, it is easy to carry after adding packing box；
(4) easy for installation, simple to operate；
(5) class demonstration and the activity to popularize scientific knowledge of public place that College Physics Theory Course synchronizes it are applicable to.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of demonstrator of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of demonstrator of the present invention.
In figure:
The most multistage rotating disk 2. code-disc 3. bearing
4. long rope 5. Magnet 6. counterweights
7. single-chip microcomputer 8. correlation photoelectric sensor 9. display screen
10. power supply 11. starts button 12. and stops key
13. on and off switch 14. hole 15. screw mandrels
16. transmitter/receiver units
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, the law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating structure of the present invention is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating structure of the present invention is that this apparatus for demonstrating includes
Machinery and circuit arrangement two part, described machinery includes multistage rotating disk 1, code-disc 2, bearing
3, long rope 4, Magnet 5, counterweight 6, silk hole 14, screw mandrel 15；Circuit arrangement includes single-chip microcomputer 7, band
Have the correlation photoelectric sensor 8 of transmitter/receiver unit 16, display screen 9, power supply 10, start button 11,
Stop key 12, on and off switch 13, Magnet 5；
Being fixed as one by bearing 3 with Magnet 5 by described multistage rotating disk 1, code-disc 2 is fixed on multistage
The bull wheel rear portion of rotating disk 1, coaxial with multistage rotating disk 1, multistage rotating disk 1 drives code-disc 2 synchronous axial system；
Long rope 4 one end are inserted on arbitrary rank rotating disk of multistage rotating disk 1, and the other end is connected with counterweight 6, counterweight
6 can drive multistage rotating disk 1 to rotate；The back side of single-chip microcomputer 7 is equipped with Magnet 5；Correlation photoelectric sensor
The back side of 8 is equipped with Magnet 5, and correlation photoelectric sensor 8 is arranged on the edge of code-disc 2, correlation photoelectricity
The line of a pair transmitter/receiver unit 16 of sensor 8 is perpendicular to code-disc 2 surface, launches/receive single
Unit 16 just to the aperture position of code-disc 2 but do not contact code-disc 2；Correlation photoelectric sensor 8, monolithic
Machine 7, power supply 10 are sequentially connected, single-chip microcomputer 7 is provided with beginning button 11, stop key 12, electricity
Source switch 13, the signal that correlation photoelectric sensor 8 gathers shows on the display screen 9 on single-chip microcomputer 7,
Start button 11 and 12 beginning that control circuit device works respectively and the stoppings that stopping key.
Described multistage rotating disk 1 is that stepped coaxial the stacking of rotating disk of multiple different-diameter is integrated part, many
One is had to be perpendicular to rotating shaft silk hole 14 on every rank rotating disk of rank rotating disk 1, for the long rope of plug-in mounting 4.
One end of described long rope 4 is equipped with the screw mandrel 15 mated with silk hole 14, and screws in a hole 14.
Described code-disc 2 is opaque disk, and its edge is provided with and radial is uniformly distributed multiple small square hole, when
When code-disc 2 rotates with multistage rotating disk 1, each small square hole by can printing opacity once, correlation photoelectric sensing
Device 8 reads printing opacity number of times and calculates, by single-chip microcomputer 7, the angle that multistage rotating disk 1 turns over.
Described counterweight 6 is the counterweight of the different quality that can select.
Law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating of the present invention can demonstrate on classroom the angular acceleration β of Rigid Body in Rotation With with
The relation of Moment M, i.e. verifies law of rotation:
M=J β (1)
Wherein J is the rotary inertia of multistage rotating disk, is definite value in this device.Can by formula (1) deformation
:
β=M/J (2)
Formula (2) illustrates that angular acceleration β is directly proportional to moment M if rotary inertia J is constant.
In this device, pulling force F is vertical with radius R and rotating shaft, so M=FR.Counterbalance mass m in experiment
Should be the least, rotating disk can be pulled to rotate, be clearly distinguished from changing m brief acceleration, this
In the case of Zhong, can be approximately considered F=mg, wherein g is acceleration of gravity, g when experiment place determines
For definite value.By control variable, can demonstrate and verify law of rotation:
(1) choose the counterweight that quality m determines, i.e. F=mg constant, hang over long rope end, when long
When rope is inserted on the rotating disk of different radii R, M=FR there occurs change, from formula (2),
Angular acceleration β changes therewith.
(2) fixed the position of long rope plug-in mounting, i.e. radius R is constant, changes the counterweight of different quality m,
Thus pulling force F=mg changes, moment M=FR changes the most therewith, and according to formula (2), angle adds
Speed β changes the most therewith.
This apparatus for demonstrating makes abstract problem embody, and physical theory is combined with experiment, makes student hold
It is easily accepted by, improves teaching efficiency.
The law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating basic operational steps of the present invention:
(1) by multistage rotating disk 1 and the overall structure of code-disc 2 and single-chip microcomputer 7, correlation photoelectric sensing
Device 8 is adsorbed by Magnet 5 can be by the perpendicular of magnet adsorption at blackboard, blank etc., correlation photoelectricity
Sensor 8 is arranged on the edge of code-disc 2, a pair transmitter/receiver unit of correlation photoelectric sensor 8
The line of 16 is perpendicular to code-disc 2 surface, and transmitter/receiver unit 16 is just in place to the aperture institute of code-disc 2
Put but do not contact code-disc 2.Counterweight 6 hangs over one end of long rope 4, and by screw mandrel 15 plug-in mounting of long rope 4
In the silk hole 14 of certain single order rotating disk, then counterweight 6 will be made to be in relatively on length rope 4 this rank rotating disk of winding
High position.Press on and off switch 11, switch on power 10.
(2) naturally decontroling counterweight 6 allows it fall, and counterweight 6 connects and hauls the long rope 4 multistage rotating disk 1 of drive
Rotating, press beginning button 11, correlation photoelectric sensor 8, single-chip microcomputer 7, display screen 9 are started working,
The numbers such as counterweight 6 is pressed before stopping falling and stopped key 12, the angular acceleration that single-chip microcomputer 7 calculates
According to display on display screen 9.
(3) keep the position of screw mandrel 15 and the long rotating disk being wound around of restricting constant, change the counterweight of different quality
6, repeat the above steps (2), the different pulling force of demonstration and the relation of angular acceleration.
(4) keep counterbalance mass constant, 4 plug-in mountings of length being restricted, other rank rotating disks being wrapped in rotating disk 1
On, repeat the above steps (2), demonstrate identical power and the impact of different operating radius angular acceleration.
(5) disposal data, verifies law of rotation according to formula (2).
Illustrate: make pulling force subtract because experiment have ignored in counterweight 6 dropping process because of the accelerated motion of self
Little, so counterweight 6 should select less quality as far as possible so that it is multistage rotating disk can be driven to rotate, change quality
Brief acceleration changes, to reduce error.
Claims (5)
1. a law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating, is characterized in that: this apparatus for demonstrating includes machinery and electricity
Road device two part, described machinery include multistage rotating disk (1), code-disc (2), bearing (3),
Long rope (4), Magnet (5), counterweight (6), silk hole (14), screw mandrel (15)；Circuit arrangement
Correlation photoelectric sensor (8) including single-chip microcomputer (7), with transmitter/receiver unit (16) shows
Screen (9), power supply (10), start button (11), stop key (12), on and off switch (13),
Magnet (5)；
Described multistage rotating disk (1) is fixed as one by bearing (3) with Magnet (5), code-disc (2)
It is fixed on the bull wheel rear portion of multistage rotating disk (1), coaxial with multistage rotating disk (1), multistage rotating disk (1)
Drive code-disc (2) synchronous axial system；Arbitrary rank that long rope (4) one end is inserted into multistage rotating disk (1) turn
On dish, the other end is connected with counterweight (6), and counterweight (6) can drive multistage rotating disk (1) to rotate；
The back side of single-chip microcomputer (7) is equipped with Magnet (5)；The back side of correlation photoelectric sensor (8) is equipped with Magnet
(5), correlation photoelectric sensor (8) is arranged on the edge of code-disc (2), correlation photoelectric sensor
(8) line of a pair transmitter/receiver unit (16) is perpendicular to code-disc (2) surface, launches/receives
Unit (16) just to the aperture position of code-disc (2) but do not contact code-disc (2)；Correlation photoelectric transfer
Sensor (8), single-chip microcomputer (7), power supply (10) are sequentially connected, and are provided with out on single-chip microcomputer (7)
Beginning button (11), stop key (12), on and off switch (13), correlation photoelectric sensor (8)
The signal gathered shows on the display screen (9) on single-chip microcomputer (7), starts button (11) and stops
The beginning of button (12) control circuit device work respectively and stopping.
Law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multistage turn
Dish (1) is that stepped coaxial the stacking of rotating disk of multiple different-diameter is integrated part, multistage rotating disk (1)
Every rank rotating disk on have one to be perpendicular to rotating shaft silk hole (14), for the long rope of plug-in mounting (4).
Law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described long rope (4)
One end equipped with the screw mandrel (15) mated with silk hole (14), and in screwing in a hole (14).
Law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described code-disc (2)
Being opaque disk, its edge is provided with and radial is uniformly distributed multiple small square hole, when code-disc (2) is with multistage
Rotating disk (1) rotate time, each small square hole by can printing opacity once, correlation photoelectric sensor (8) read
Take printing opacity number of times and calculate, by single-chip microcomputer (7), the angle that multistage rotating disk (1) turns over.
Law of rotation apparatus for demonstrating the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described counterweight (6)
The counterweight of the different quality for selecting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610576364.3A CN106023735A (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | Rotation law demonstration apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610576364.3A CN106023735A (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | Rotation law demonstration apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106023735A true CN106023735A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
Family
ID=57116152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610576364.3A Pending CN106023735A (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | Rotation law demonstration apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106023735A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106667025A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-05-17 | 湖北牧鑫智能家居股份有限公司 | Electric table movement core |
| CN109243270A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-18 | 南京科技职业学院 | The catadioptric law apparatus for demonstrating of light |
| CN111951646A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 山东科技职业学院 | Rotation law demonstration device |
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| CN86106881A (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1987-03-11 | 北京工业学院 | The measuring moment of inertia of rigid bodies device and method |
| SU1705854A1 (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-01-15 | Уральский электромеханический институт инженеров железнодорожного транспорта им.Я.М.Свердлова | Teaching aid in mechanics |
| CN201927242U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-10 | 季倬 | Simple pendulum device with magnet |
| CN102445304A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-05-09 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device for measuring solid moment of inertia |
| CN202352190U (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-25 | 陈公凯 | Experimental measurement device for rotational inertia |
| CN203349985U (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-18 | 内蒙古民族大学 | Rigid body rotational inertia measuring device |
| CN206148007U (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2017-05-03 | 天津城建大学 | Law presentation device rotates |
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2016
- 2016-07-19 CN CN201610576364.3A patent/CN106023735A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86106881A (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1987-03-11 | 北京工业学院 | The measuring moment of inertia of rigid bodies device and method |
| SU1705854A1 (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-01-15 | Уральский электромеханический институт инженеров железнодорожного транспорта им.Я.М.Свердлова | Teaching aid in mechanics |
| CN201927242U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-10 | 季倬 | Simple pendulum device with magnet |
| CN102445304A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-05-09 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device for measuring solid moment of inertia |
| CN202352190U (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-25 | 陈公凯 | Experimental measurement device for rotational inertia |
| CN203349985U (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-18 | 内蒙古民族大学 | Rigid body rotational inertia measuring device |
| CN206148007U (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2017-05-03 | 天津城建大学 | Law presentation device rotates |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106667025A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-05-17 | 湖北牧鑫智能家居股份有限公司 | Electric table movement core |
| CN109243270A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-18 | 南京科技职业学院 | The catadioptric law apparatus for demonstrating of light |
| CN111951646A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 山东科技职业学院 | Rotation law demonstration device |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |