CN106019789A - Optical engine of color projection display - Google Patents
Optical engine of color projection display Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106019789A CN106019789A CN201610613057.8A CN201610613057A CN106019789A CN 106019789 A CN106019789 A CN 106019789A CN 201610613057 A CN201610613057 A CN 201610613057A CN 106019789 A CN106019789 A CN 106019789A
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- color
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
- G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2053—Intensity control of illuminating light
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical engine. A single chip display chip is employed. The optical engine comprises a parallel light source, a reflecting flat panel display, and a color combination lens group. The parallel light source is used for providing parallel light illumination for the reflecting flat panel display. The reflecting flat panel display comprises n display areas, and n is larger than or equal to 2. The modulation of each of the display areas is corresponding to the light wave of image color component information. The color combination lens group comprises n color combination lenses, and n is larger than or equal to 2. The reflection surfaces of the color combination lenses are perpendicular to the reflection surfaces of the reflecting flat panel display. The color combination lenses are used for reflecting the light modulated by the reflecting flat panel display. The light emitted by the parallel light source is modulated by the display area corresponding to the reflecting flat panel display and then is subjected to space color mixing by the color combination lens group to form a color image. The optical engine combines the advantages of single-chip and three-chip optical engines, a three-chip system is changed as a single-chip system, and at the same time the advantages of good color restoration, high optical efficiency and high resolution of the three-chip optical engine are kept.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of projection display technique field, the light engine shown particularly to a kind of colour projection.
Background technology
Along with the development of Display Technique, projection display technique is widely used in daily life.From using flat pannel display
Say mainly there is LCOS in the display pattern of device, several display mode of HTPS, DLP.Wherein HTPS is the LCD of a kind of transmission-type
Display Technique, LCOS is a kind of reflective LCD Display Technique, and DLP uses DMD (Digital Micro Mirror Device)
As display device, DMD is a kind of micro mirror array, and each micro-mirror can tilt about 10-12 ° to both sides, thus can
To constitute unblank and to disconnect two kinds of duties, realized the display of different gray scale by integration in time.
The core optical system (light engine) of projection display system is broadly divided into again three-chip type system and one chip from framework
System.
Three-chip type is by light source after light beam is divided into red, blue, green glow by Amici prism, then projects light beams upon respectively into three
(LCOS/HTPS/DMD) flat faced display, converges the trichroism image projected through optical system and is formed chromatic image.
Because the independent light source of RGB can independently be used, color reducibility is good.There is higher optical efficiency and higher resolution simultaneously；
But also there is shortcoming, the registration problems that red, green, blue reproduction image synthesizes in space, easily produce color para-position deviation, simultaneously
Multi-disc display device to be used, complex process, cost is high, is not easy to miniaturization.
Single-panel optical engine is then to use time-multiplexed method, and white light, with atwirl colour wheel, is formed and follows by light engine
Red, blue, the green glow of sequence, and by primaries and the picture red, blue, green driving formula to produce, synchronize to form color separation image,
The feature that nationality is persisted by human eye vision again, finally produces colored projected picture at human brain.The great advantage of one chip is just because
Panel number only needs a piece of, adds light splitting, and the system architecture closing light is fairly simple, therefore relatively has advantage on cost.But white light warp
Light source after polarization is only previous 1/3, and display brightness substantially reduces；Additionally due to display floater needs red, blue, green
Picture quickly switches lower resultant image, and therefore the requirement of the response speed of panel is higher so that the difficulty of production improves the most accordingly.
A kind of single-panel optical engine using method for spacial multiplex, the structure of its display used and Via Color TFT-LCD is also had to show
The structure of device is identical, and a pixel of display is made up of the sub-pixel of tri-colors of R, G, B, and three sub-pixels carry out space
Colour mixture becomes the color of this pixel.Each sub-pixel of this structure is used to be separately controlled, it is difficult to be done very by Pixel Dimensions
Little, it is achieved high-resolution display difficulty, its optical efficiency is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of light engine shown for colour projection, uses one chip display chip, including source of parallel light, reflective flat board
Display, closes color mirror group.Described source of parallel light includes n monochromater, n >=2, is used for providing for reflective flat faced display
Parallel light；Described reflective flat faced display comprises n viewing area, n >=2, and each viewing area is by i*j picture
Element is constituted, i >=1, j >=1, and the modulation of each viewing area independence is corresponding to the light wave of a kind of color of image component information；Described
Closing color mirror group and comprise n conjunction color mirror, n >=2, closing color eyeglass is vertical according to the reflecting surface of its reflecting surface Yu reflective flat faced display
Straight setting, closes between color eyeglass as be arrangeding in parallel.Close color eyeglass and be used for reflected illumination putting down through reflective to this front lens surface
The light of the corresponding wavelength color after the modulation of panel display correspondence viewing area, by being irradiated to other wavelength color of this back lens surface
Light.After the light that every kind of monochromater sends is modulated by the viewing area that reflective flat faced display is corresponding, through closing color mirror
Group spacing color mixed in order to form coloured image.
Described reflective flat faced display is that α is arranged according to the angle between its reflecting surface and emergent ray of source of parallel light, 0 ＜
α ＜ 90.
Spacing between the center of described reflective flat faced display any two viewing area is L, and reflective flat faced display is anti-
Penetrating the angle between face and the emergent ray of source of parallel light is α, then between two collimated monochromatic ligth sources that two viewing areas are corresponding
Center distance be set to s=L*sin α, the distances between two conjunction color eyeglasses that two viewing areas are corresponding arrange satisfied
Light engine design described in employing, it is ensured that the light of different colours from reflective flat faced display to closing color mirror group
Beam projecting end designs for aplanatism, the image phase that such guarantee is modulated through reflective flat faced display difference viewing area
Object distance for imaging len is identical, amplifies identical multiple in space and carries out colour mixture imaging.
In order to reduce the processing and manufacturing cost of display device, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described reflective flat pannel display
Device uses the total reflection LCD display of glass substrate, but is not limited to the total reflection LCD display of glass substrate, permissible
It is all kinds of minute surface total-reflection type flat faced displays such as DMD, LCOS.
Described source of parallel light can be LED, xenon lamp, high voltage mercury lamp, and the various types of light sources such as LASER Light Source and hybrid laser passes through collimation,
Expand, the source of parallel light that Shape correction is formed.
The present invention uses single-panel optical exchange architecture to design, and combines one chip and the advantage of three-chip type light engine, by three
Formula system becomes one chip, simplifies system structure, remains again the color reducibility that three-chip type light engine has good simultaneously,
Higher optical efficiency and the advantage of higher resolution.Solve display device during three-panel projection shows and make because of assembly error
Registration problems during three kinds of color space mixing of the red, green, blue become.Glass substrate is the most preferably used to carry out element manufacturing,
Compatible existing LCD manufacturing process, it is to avoid semiconductor technology processing procedure, more existing DMD and LCOS of cost has and significantly drops
Low.Use glass processing procedure simultaneously, easily increase the size of reflected displaying device, increase the irradiated area of light source, improve projection aobvious
Show brightness, can apply to the environment that the display brightness requirements such as new line shows are high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art
The accompanying drawing used required in is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some realities of the present invention
Execute example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that existing colour projection shows light engine structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the existing three-panel projection system schematic diagram in spacing color mixed deviation；
Fig. 3 is the light engine schematic diagram that the colour projection that the present invention proposes shows；
The structural representation of a kind of light engine that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The structural representation of a kind of total reflection display unit that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The structural representation of a kind of light engine that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The structural representation of a kind of light engine that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The structural representation of a kind of total reflection display unit that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail.
Embodiment one
The structure of existing three-panel projection light engine as it is shown in figure 1, white light source is divided into R through colour splitting prism, tri-kinds of colors of G, B,
Being respectively radiated on three LCOS by polarization beam splitter prism (PBS), the light of three kinds of colors is through the tune respectively of three LCOS
System, becomes the picture of a width full color, goes out through lens system projects finally by color-combination prism by the image blend of three kinds of colors
Imaging.This light engine multi-disc to be used display device, complex process, cost is high, is not easy to miniaturization.Simultaneously as three
Sheet is shown as separated structure, because assembling deviation, red, green, blue reproduction image synthesizes in space and there is registration problems, easily
Produce color para-position deviation, as shown in Figure 2.
The present invention disclose colour projection display light engine as it is shown on figure 3, include source of parallel light 100, reflective flat pannel display
Device 200, closes color mirror group 300.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the source of parallel light 100 of described light engine by red 101,
Green 102, blue 103 3 kinds of independent LED light sources composition, three kinds of monochromaters obtain three kinds of monochromes after collimated
Source of parallel light.Reflective flat faced display 200 uses the LCDs of minute surface total-reflection type, including three independent displays
Region is the region 201 to red modulation, the region 202 to green glow modulation, the region 203 to blue light modulation, each display
Region is made up of, as shown in Figure 5 i*j display pixel 210.The directional light of three kinds of colors that source of parallel light produces is with identical
Angle [alpha] is irradiated in LCDs, and angle [alpha] meets 0 ＜ α ＜ 90, and red directional light is irradiated to the redness of LCDs and shows
Showing district 201, the green directional light that source of parallel light produces is irradiated to the green viewing area 202 of LCDs, and source of parallel light produces
Blue directional light be irradiated to the blue viewing area 203 of LCDs.The coloured image needing display is divided into red (R), green
(G), the picture signal of blue (B) three color components is sent into display screen and is shown, display screen red display region 201 shows red
Colouring component image, green viewing area 202 shows that green component image, blue viewing area 203 show blue component image.
Close color mirror group 300 to include reflecting HONGGUANG, through blue light, the conjunction color mirror 301 of green glow, the conjunction color mirror 302 of reflection green light blue light
Conjunction color mirror 303 with reflection blue light.The blue light illumination containing blue image information modulated through blue viewing area 203 is to closing
The head-on reflection of color mirror 303, and through closing color mirror 302,301 outgoing, through the modulation of green viewing area 202 containing green
The green glow of color image information is irradiated to close the head-on reflection of color mirror 302, and through closing color mirror 301 outgoing, through red display district
The red light irradiation containing red image information of territory 201 modulation is to the head-on reflection outgoing of conjunction color mirror 301, so, containing red,
Green, the image of blue three-color information component colour mixture in space, after imaging len, form full-color image.
Close the color eyeglass 301,302,303 reflecting surface according to its reflecting surface and reflective flat faced display 200 for being vertically arranged, conjunction
Color eyeglass 301, for be arrangeding in parallel between 302,303, as shown in Figure 4.Because being direct reflection, light is through reflective display
The angle of incidence of screen is all α mutually with the angle of emergence, easily proves that triangle ABC is isosceles triangle, and AB=AC, ACDE are parallel four
Limit shape, AC=DE, CD=AE.Therefore red light reflects through reflective display screen, to the light of the exit end E point closing color mirror 301
Journey is AB+AE, and blue light reflects through reflective display screen, and the light path to the exit end E point closing color mirror 301 is CD+DE,
Obviously AB+AE=CD+DE, two kinds of colors are identical from reflective display screen to the light path closing color mirror exit end.In like manner green glow is from reflection
Formula display screen is the most identical to the light path closing color mirror exit end.So can ensure that through reflective flat faced display difference viewing area
The image of modulation is identical relative to the object distance of imaging len, amplifies identical multiple in space and carries out colour mixture imaging.
The red display region 201 of reflective flat faced display 200, green viewing area 202, blue viewing area 203 it
Between be spaced set, the center distance between adjacent two viewing areas is L, as shown in Figure 6, reflective flat faced display
Angle between reflecting surface and the emergent ray of source of parallel light is α, it is clear that two collimated monochromatic ligth sources that two viewing areas are corresponding
Between center distance should be set to s=L*sin α, in order to ensure the different colours of a Projection Display point in space
Component information through conjunction color mirror group 300 can in space colour mixture in same point position, two conjunction colors that two viewing areas are corresponding
Distance between eyeglass arranges satisfiedWherein β is the supplementary angle of α.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment uses white-light illuminating, is obtained red (R) by color filter, green (G), blue (B), yellow (Y) four kinds of monochromes
Source of parallel light, to realize wider array of colour gamut and to promote Projection Display brightness.The structure of optical module is as it is shown in fig. 7, white is shone
Source, Mingguang City 100 is collimated white light through collimated.Red color filter 401, green color filter 402, blue color filter 403,
Yellow filter 404 is fitted in the red display district 201 of reflective flat faced display 200 correspondence respectively, green viewing area 202,
Blue viewing area 203, on yellow viewing area 204, is converted to white light the monochromatic collimated beam needed for each viewing area, is irradiated to
On corresponding viewing area, as a kind of preferred version, the reflective flat faced display of the present embodiment uses LCOS.Source of parallel light
Being irradiated in LCDs with angle [alpha], angle [alpha] meets 0 ＜ α ＜ 90.Because LCOS is slant setting relative to white light source,
So white light source is irradiated to the light path of LCOS difference viewing area for differing, because light source will not be absolute directional light, in order to
Ensure that the light being irradiated to LCOS difference viewing area has the identical depth of parallelism, so have employed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention
501,502,503 pairs of light path light farther out of one group of relay lens carry out secondary collimation.The coloured image needing display is divided into red
(R), green (G), blue (B), the picture signal feeding display screen of yellow (Y) four color components shows, display screen redness shows
Show that region 201 shows that red component image, green viewing area 202 show that green component image, blue viewing area 203 show
Show that blue component image, yellow viewing area 204 show yellow color component image.Close color mirror group 300 to include reflecting HONGGUANG, pass through
Blue light, green glow, the conjunction color mirror 301 of gold-tinted, reflect green light blue light, the conjunction color mirror 302 of gold-tinted, reflection blue light is through Huang
The conjunction color mirror 303 of light, the conjunction color mirror 304 of reflection gold-tinted.Through yellow viewing area 204 modulation containing yellow image information
Yellow light to closing the head-on reflection of color mirror 304, and through closing color mirror 303,302,301 outgoing, through blue viewing area
The blue light illumination containing blue image information of territory 203 modulation is to the head-on reflection of conjunction color mirror 303, and passes through conjunction color mirror 302,
301 outgoing, the green glow containing green image information through the modulation of green viewing area 202 is irradiated to close the front of color mirror 302
Reflection, and through closing color mirror 301 outgoing, through the red light irradiation containing red image information of red display region 201 modulation
To the head-on reflection outgoing of conjunction color mirror 301, so, containing red, green, blue, the image of Huang Si kind colouring information component is in space
Middle colour mixture, forms full-color image after imaging len.
Embodiment three
The reflective display panel 200 of the present embodiment comprises two viewing areas 201,202, as shown in Figure 8.Viewing area
201 comprise 2 kinds of display pixels 2011 and 2012, and the quantity of every kind of display pixel is i*j, and the one as the present invention is excellent
Selecting scheme, the breadth length ratio of two kinds of display pixels is 1: 2, and display pixel 2011 and 2012 is arranged together is square.Display
It is coated with red filter film in pixel 2011, display pixel 2012 is coated with green filter film.Viewing area 202 comprises one
Planting display pixel 2013, its quantity is i*j, and display pixel 2013 is square, and its size is display pixel 2011
With 2012 sums, pixel is coated with blue filter film.Close color mirror group and comprise two panels conjunction color mirror, close the setting of color lens position
Identical with embodiment one.Source of parallel light uses white light source, and source of parallel light is irradiated on reflective display screen with angle [alpha], angle
α meets 0 ＜ α ＜ 90.White directional light becomes red light through covering the red filter film in display pixel 2011, passes through
The green filter film covered in display pixel 2012 becomes green light, through covering the blue filter in display pixel 2013
Film becomes blue light.All of display pixel 2011 is used for showing the image of coloured image red component part, all of display
Pixel 2012 is used for showing that the image of green component part, all of display pixel 2013 are used for showing the figure of blue component part
Picture.It is irradiated to show the blue light in pixel 2013 region, through the modulation of display screen, incides and reflect on the conjunction color eyeglass of correspondence
Afterwards by outgoing after another sheet conjunction color eyeglass.It is irradiated to show that the HONGGUANG in pixel 2011 and 2012 region and the colour mixture light of green glow enter
Being mapped to outgoing after reflection on the conjunction color eyeglass of correspondence, this conjunction color lens reflection HONGGUANG and green glow, through blue light.So, containing red,
Green, the image of blue three-color information component colour mixture in space, after imaging len, form full-color image.This embodiment
Corresponding to the situation that blue light luminous efficiency is the highest, by promoting the area of the blue light viewing area of reflective display screen, effectively promote
The blue light brightness of Projection Display, simultaneously as only comprise two viewing areas, it is possible to reduce light engine volume.
In sum, the light engine shown for colour projection that the present invention proposes combines one chip and three-chip type light engine
Advantage, three-chip type system is become one chip, simplifies system structure, solve because assembling deviation, red, green, blue
The registration problems that reproduction image synthesizes in space, remains again the color reducibility that three-chip type light engine has good simultaneously, higher
Optical efficiency and the advantage of higher resolution.The optical projection system volume being made up of described light engine is less, and cost is lower.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, is not wishing to limit the scope of the invention in above-described embodiment.This
In the deformation of disclosed embodiment and change be possible, for those skilled in the art, embodiment is replaced
Change and the various parts of equivalence are known.It should be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that without departing from the spirit of the present invention or this
In the case of matter feature, the present invention can in other forms, structure, layout, ratio, and with other assembly, material and portion
Part realizes.In the case of without departing from scope and spirit of the present invention, embodiments disclosed herein can be carried out other deformation
And change.
Claims (8)
1. claim 1: a kind of light engine shown for colour projection, it is characterised in that: described light engine includes parallel
Light source, reflective flat faced display, closes color mirror group；
Described source of parallel light is used for providing parallel light for reflective flat faced display；
Described reflective flat faced display comprises n viewing area, n >=2, and each viewing area is made up of pel array,
The modulation of each viewing area independence is corresponding to the light wave of one or more color of image component information；
Described conjunction color mirror group comprises n and closes color mirror, n >=2, and closing color eyeglass according to its reflecting surface with reflective flat faced display is
It is vertically arranged, closes between color eyeglass as be arrangeding in parallel.Close color eyeglass and be used for the reflected illumination process to this front lens surface instead
Penetrate the light of corresponding wavelength color after the modulation of formula flat faced display correspondence viewing area, by being irradiated to its of this back lens surface
The light of his wavelength color.Through conjunction color mirror group, the light of different colours spacing color mixed in order to form coloured image.
2. claim 2: the light engine shown for colour projection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The source of parallel light of described light engine includes n monochromater n >=2, and the light that every kind of monochromater sends is by power
After profit requires the viewing area modulation that the reflective flat faced display described in 1 is corresponding, through closing color mirror group in spacing color mixed use
To form coloured image.N monochromater can be produced through color separation device by one group of white light source.
3. claim 3: the light engine shown for colour projection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described reflective flat faced display is that α is arranged according to the angle between the emergent ray of source of parallel light, 0 ＜ α ＜ 90.
4. claim 4: the light engine shown for colour projection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Spacing between the center of described reflective flat faced display any two viewing area is L, reflective flat pannel display
Angle between device and the emergent ray of source of parallel light is α, then two collimated monochromatic ligth sources that two viewing areas are corresponding it
Between center distance be set to s=L*sin α, the distances between two conjunction color eyeglasses that two viewing areas are corresponding are arranged
Meet
5. claim 5: the light engine shown for colour projection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Center distance between the territory, adjacent display areas of described reflective flat faced display can be to differ, adjacent conjunction color mirror
Distance between sheet can be to differ.
6. claim 6: the most reflective flat faced display, it is characterised in that:
The minute surface total-reflection type flat faced displays such as described reflective flat faced display can be DMD, LCOS, total reflection LCD.
7. claim 7: source of parallel light according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described source of parallel light can be LED, xenon lamp, high voltage mercury lamp, and the various types of light sources such as LASER Light Source and hybrid laser is passed through
Collimation, expands, the source of parallel light that Shape correction is formed.
8. claim 8: conjunction color mirror group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described conjunction color mirror group can be the entirety that some prism cementings become, plated film on cemented surface, it is achieved reflection warp
Cross the light of the corresponding wavelength color after the modulation of reflective flat faced display correspondence viewing area, by the light of other wavelength color
Effect.Each coated surface and reflective flat faced display are for being vertically arranged.
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| CN201610613057.8A CN106019789A (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Optical engine of color projection display |
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| CN107390380A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-11-24 | 上海誉沛光电科技有限公司 | A kind of display device, light guide panel and multilayer suspension display device |
| CN109828406A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-31 | 山西大学 | A kind of dot structure, display device, display device and projection display system |
| CN110320702A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Substrate and preparation method thereof, display panel |
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| CN107390380B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 上海誉沛光电科技有限公司 | Display device, light guide panel and multilayer suspension display equipment |
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| CN113056850A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-06-29 | 奥斯兰姆奥普托半导体股份有限两合公司 | Semiconductor laser and method for manufacturing semiconductor laser |
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| CN109828406B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-03-30 | 山西大学 | Pixel structure, display device and projection display system |
| CN110320702B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-11-23 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Substrate, preparation method thereof and display panel |
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| CN115698847A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2023-02-03 | 奇跃公司 | Variable pitch color emissive display |
| US11819824B2 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2023-11-21 | Pure-Light Technologies, Inc. | Surface coatings for self-decontamination |
| US11906157B2 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2024-02-20 | Pure-Light Te chnologies, Inc. | Photocatalyst formulations and coatings |
| US11964739B2 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2024-04-23 | Roger K. Young | Coatings that reduce or prevent barnacle attachment to a marine structure |
| CN114594585A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-07 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical module and electronic equipment |
| CN114594585B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-11-10 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical module and electronic equipment |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20161012 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |