CN106019368A - Horizon model-based inclination calculation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a horizon model-based inclination calculation method. The method includes the following steps that: horizon pickup is carried out on a seismic depth profile, and a horizon model is constructed; a piece of depth position information is selected from the horizon model, a common center point trace gather corresponding to the trace number of the depth position information is found, and correlation operation is carried out on a plurality of amplitudes corresponding to the common center point trace gather, so that maximum energy can be obtained; depth information corresponding to the maximum energy is adopted to replace the depth information of the depth position information; and the inclination attribute of the reflection surface of a selected depth position is calculated by using the replaced depth position information. With the horizon model-based inclination calculation method of the invention adopted, the inclination attribute of a seismic profile can be obtained more accurately; and a user does not need to solve complex calculation equation sets, and therefore, high simplicity, greater convenience and high efficiency can be realized.

Description

A kind of Dip countion method based on layer model

Technical field

The present invention relates to earthquake geometric attribute computing technique field, it relates in particular to a kind of earthquake inclination angle The computational methods of attribute, more specifically, relate to a kind of geological model speed in oil seismic exploration The key method earthquake dip angle attribute computational methods of grid chromatography in modeling.

Background technology

Generally, in oil seismic exploration field, tomography and crack are past as highly important geologic structure Toward the key being gas finding oil prospecting.The geometric attribute of earthquake discloses geological data geometry spatially Feature, by describing the relation of neighboring track, calculates the geometric properties of stratum reflecting interface, it is possible to true Reproduction subsurface structure form, become to describe and portray the important tool in subsurface fault crack.Earthquake inclination angle Attribute, as a member of earthquake geometric attribute, processes at seismic prospecting data and is also made widely in explaining With.

Dip angle attribute is an important tool of seismic interpretation, and it can determine partially reflecting surface, processes people By dip angle attribute, member can judge that reflecting surface the most continuously and has extracted the most useful part for net The subsequent treatment such as compartment analysis velocity analysis.

But, due to conventional Dip countion method based on layer model generally by artificial pickup layer position Depth information calculate reflection surface inclination data, so being generally difficult to obtain dip angle attribute more accurately.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to solve at least one in deficiencies of the prior art.

Inventor finds through research, and why conventional Dip countion method based on layer model exists Being difficult to obtain the problem of dip angle attribute more accurately, its main cause is speed distortion and manually picks up Error (the biggest deviation) is often there is in layer position with real geological data.

Calculating in order to come due to speed distortion and artificial pickup layer bit strip when solving to calculate dip angle attribute misses Difference problem, the invention provides a kind of Dip countion method based on layer model.Described method includes: Seismic depth profile carries out horizon picking, and builds layer model；Layer model is selected one deep Degree positional information, finds the common midpoint gather corresponding with the Taoist monastic name of this depth location information, to described common Multiple amplitudes corresponding to central point road collection carry out related operation, obtain ceiling capacity；With described maximum energy The depth information of the depth information described depth location information of replacement that amount is corresponding；With the depth location after replacing Information calculates the dip angle attribute of the reflecting surface of described selected depth position.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described related operation is carried out by correlation function.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, inclining of the reflecting surface of described calculating selected depth position The step of angle attribute can be calculated by following formula,

a_x=cos θ cos φ

a_y=cos θ sin φ

a_z=sin φ,

Wherein, a_x, a_y, a_zRepresent the reflection surface inclination unit vector flat element vegetarian refreshments along reflecting surface respectively Point vector in x, y, z direction, inclination angle theta is the angle between reflecting surface and the horizontal plane being made up of x, y, Azimuth φ is the angle of normal plane and y-axis.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect comprise that and be obtained in that earthquake is cutd open more accurately Face dip angle attribute；The group of equations of complexity need not be solved, more simple and effective.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of layer model constructed according to conventional methods.

Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the method according to the invention update step position information.

Fig. 3 shows that the method according to the invention calculates the schematic diagram at inclination angle.

Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter, by combine accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiment to describe in detail the present invention based on layer position mould The Dip countion method of type.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Dip countion method based on layer model can be according to Following steps are carried out:

First, according to conventional methods at the horizon picking of seismic depth profile enterprising pedestrian work, and can build Layer model (such as, can be the layer model closed).The packet picked up on seismic profile is containing many The information (such as, the information of multiple points) of individual depth location, the information of each depth location is by the degree of depth and road Number constitute.As it is shown in figure 1, abscissa represents that Taoist monastic name, vertical coordinate represent the degree of depth in the layer model built.

It follows that as it is shown in figure 1, select a certain depth location on layer model, such as, can select The depth location of its dip angle attribute to be determined.The information of this depth location includes Taoist monastic name information and depth information.

Then, according to selected depth positional information, be total to corresponding with the Taoist monastic name of this depth location information is found Multiple amplitudes corresponding to CMP road collection are carried out the related operation of routine by central point (CMP) road collection.

Such as, related operation can be carried out by following formula (1).The R of formula (1)_f(τ) it is correlation function, Its reflection is the degree that match each other on different relative positions of two functions of f (τ).It addition, Formula (1) also is able to describe stochastic signal f (t) in different degree of depth t1, and the meansigma methods of t2 is as postponing the degree of depth The function of t, is the similarity measurement of stochastic signal and delay signal f (τ), when postponing signal and being zero, Then becoming the mean-square value of stochastic signal, now energy is maximum.

$R_f\left(\mathrm{\τ}\right)=f\left(\mathrm{\τ}\right)*f^{*}(-\mathrm{\τ})={\∫}_{-\mathrm{\∞}}^{\mathrm{\∞}}f(t+\mathrm{\τ})f^{*}\left(t\right)dt={\∫}_{-\mathrm{\∞}}^{\mathrm{\∞}}f\left(t\right)f^{*}(t-\mathrm{\τ})dt---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, " * " is convolution operator；(·)^*For taking conjugation；F (t) is seismic signal, namely amplitude signal； τ is a certain degree of depth of f (t), within belonging to two degree of depth (e.g., t1, t2) interval.

It addition, formula (1) also is able to describe stochastic signal f (t) at different degree of depth t1, the meansigma methods (τ of t2 It is different degree of depth t1, the meansigma methods of t2) as postponing the function of degree of depth t, it is stochastic signal and prolong The similarity measurement of signal f (τ) late, when postponing signal and being zero, then becomes the mean-square value of stochastic signal, Now energy is maximum.

It follows that by the multiple amplitudes corresponding to CMP road collection are carried out related operation, obtain maximum energy Amount.Obtain depth value with the conversion of this ceiling capacity, and update above-mentioned selected depth position letter with this depth value The depth information of breath.Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the method according to the invention update step position information.

Subsequently, the layer bit depth information after using renewal calculates the inclination angle of the reflecting surface of this selected depth position Attribute.The calculation of dip angle attribute can be as it is shown on figure 3, be described in detail below:

A, found the reflecting interface of this layer of bit depth by the depth information after updating on layer position；

B, (x, y, z), the normal vector making reflecting surface is n=(n as a some X=to set the planar element of reflecting surface_x, n_y, n_z), wherein n_x, n_yAnd n_zIt is the component along x, y and z-axis respectively, reflection surface inclination unit Vector is a=(a_x, a_y, a_z)；

C, wherein, horizontal plane is inclination angle theta with the angle of reflecting surface, the angle then side of being of normal plane and y-axis Parallactic angle Φ, then can draw following formula (2):

a_x=cos θ cos φ

a_y=cos θ sin φ

a_z=sin φ (2)

Inclination angle and azimuth can be calculated.

In sum, the method for the present invention is obtained in that seismic profile dip angle attribute more accurately；Need not Solve the group of equations of complexity, more simple and effective.

Although describing the present invention already in connection with accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiment above, but this area being common Technical staff, can be to above-mentioned it should be clear that in the case of without departing from spirit and scope by the claims Embodiment carries out various amendment.

Claims (3)

1. a Dip countion method based on layer model, described method includes: at seismic depth profile On carry out horizon picking, and build layer model, it is characterised in that described method is further comprising the steps of:

A selected depth location on layer model, the information of this depth location is made up of Taoist monastic name and the degree of depth, Find the common midpoint gather corresponding with the Taoist monastic name of this depth location information, to described common midpoint gather institute Corresponding multiple amplitudes carry out related operation, obtain ceiling capacity；

The degree of depth of described depth location information is replaced with the calculated degree of depth of described ceiling capacity；

The dip angle attribute of the reflecting surface of described selected depth position is calculated with the depth location information after replacing.

Dip countion method based on layer model the most according to claim 1, described related operation Carried out by correlation function.

Dip countion method based on layer model the most according to claim 1, described calculating is selected The step of the dip angle attribute of the reflecting surface of depth location is realized by following formula,

a_x=cos θ cos φ

a_y=cos θ sin φ

a_z=sin φ,

Wherein, a_x, a_y, a_zRepresent the reflection surface inclination unit vector flat element vegetarian refreshments along reflecting surface respectively Point vector in x, y, z direction, inclination angle theta is the angle between reflecting surface and the horizontal plane being made up of x, y, Azimuth φ is the angle of normal plane and y-axis.