CN106018119A - Stretching stress testing machine used in high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment - Google Patents
Stretching stress testing machine used in high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106018119A CN106018119A CN201610566188.5A CN201610566188A CN106018119A CN 106018119 A CN106018119 A CN 106018119A CN 201610566188 A CN201610566188 A CN 201610566188A CN 106018119 A CN106018119 A CN 106018119A
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- high pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
Abstract
The invention discloses a stretching stress testing machine used in a high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment. The stretching stress testing machine used in the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment comprises a safety room, a stretcher, a high-temperature autoclave system and a gas supply and exhaust system, wherein the safety room comprises an airtight safety isolation room; a gas inlet and a gas exhaust port are formed in the safety isolation room; a carbon dioxide gas cylinder group is connected with the gas inlet of the safety isolation room; the high-temperature autoclave system is arranged in the safety isolation room and comprises a high-temperature autoclave placed in a heating furnace; a stretching rod inlet, a nitrogen inlet, a hydrogen inlet and a gas exhaust port are formed in the high-temperature autoclave; the gas supply and exhaust system comprises a nitrogen inlet pipeline, a hydrogen inlet pipeline, a gas exhaust pipeline and a safety pipeline. Through the safety isolation room and a flame arrester and by a high-temperature thermal starting and stopping experiment process, the circumstance that high-temperature hydrogen leaks and is in contact with air is prevented, and the possible circumstance of serious hydrogen embrittlement of an autoclave body material in a normal and low temperature region at the temperature of 220 DEG C or below is avoided, so that the purposes of accurate testing, safe testing, operation convenience and long service life of equipment are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrogen-contacting equipment detection technique field, relate to the stretching under a kind of High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment
Pressure tester.
Background technology
Petrochemical industry hydrofinishing field relates to material and at high pressure, high temperature and faces the situation that hydrogen environment is on active service,
Hydrogenation reactor such as oil plant.At high temperature, high pressure and face under hydrogen environment, hydrogen atom easily infiltrates in steel,
Hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen blister etc. is caused to lose efficacy.Test material at high pressure, high temperature and faces the hydrogen embrittlement under hydrogen environment
Can, to the design of hydrogen-contacting equipment in petroleum chemical industry with manufacture significant.Test hydrogen embrittlement at present
The main method of performance is to be placed in sample in closed environment case to be flushed with hydrogen, and carries out tension test after taking-up again.
The deficiency of this method is: after sample takes out from environmental cabinet, can produce hydrogen evolution, with the clothes of material
Labour condition there are differences and causes hydrogen embrittlement the performance test results inaccurate.Therefore, at high temperature, high pressure, hydrogen is faced
Under environment, material is carried out synchro-draw and more can accurately test the hydrogen embrittlement performance of material.
At present, the patent relating to material hydrogen embrittlement performance test has:
1) Chinese patent of Application No. 201410401253.X discloses high pressure hydrogen embrittlement structural testing setup
And test method, but it can not carry out the tension test under high temperature hydrogen environment, does not has high temperature hydrogen to test
Safety measure, it is impossible to hydrogen is heated.
2) Chinese patent of Application No. 201320188124.2 discloses a kind of for high temperature hydrogen with pressure ring
The device of material property testing in border, but it is not provided with safety isolation room or hydrogen quarantine measures, it is impossible to
Prevent the high-temperature hydrogen of seepage and contacting of air, there is potential safety hazard.
3) material under the Chinese patent of Application No. 201110259252.2 discloses testing high voltage hydrogen environment
The testing machine of material durability, but it is not provided with safety isolation room or quarantine measures, it is impossible to prevent seepage
High-temperature hydrogen and air contact possibility, there is potential safety hazard, be also not provided with hydrogen firing equipment, it is impossible to
Carry out high temperature hydrogen environmental test.
4) to disclose a kind of high temperature and high pressure environment drop-down for the Chinese patent of Application No. 201110109546.7
Rise pressure tester, but it can not carry out the tension test under hydrogen environment.
5) Chinese patent of Application No. 200810060100.8 discloses the examination of hydrogen storing container hydrogen environment fatigue
Check system, but it can not carry out the tension test under hydrogen environment.
In sum, existing high pressure, high temperature and face the safety prevention measure of pilot system of hydrogen environment,
Or system schema is all insufficient for the requirement of tension test of High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment.
Summary of the invention
The tensile stress test function provided under a kind of High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment is provided
Enough simulate the actual condition of hydrogenation reactor, it is possible to operating temperature reach 450 DEG C, hydrogen dividing potential drop reach 15MPa
Under conditions of carry out tension test.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Tensile stress testing machine under a kind of High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment, including safety cage, stretching-machine, high temperature
High-pressure kettle system and gas supply-discharge system；
Safety cage includes the airtight safety isolation room offering air inlet, air vent, dioxide bottle
Group is connected with the air inlet of safety isolation room through carbon dioxide pipeline, exhaustor and the row of safety isolation room
QI KOU is connected；
It is indoor that high temperature and high pressure kettle system is arranged at security isolation, and it includes the High Temperature High Pressure being placed in heating furnace
Still, high temperature and high pressure kettle offers stretch import, nitrogen inlet, hydrogen inlet and air vent；
The stretch of stretching-machine is stretched in high temperature and high pressure kettle by stretch import；
Gas supply-discharge system includes nitrogen inlet duct road, hydrogen gas pipeline, gas exhaust piping and safety line；
Nitrogen cylinder group is connected by nitrogen inlet duct road with nitrogen inlet, hydrogen gas pipeline by hydrogen cylinder group with
Hydrogen inlet is connected；Air vent is connected by gas exhaust piping with airborne release mouth, on gas exhaust piping also
It is provided with condenser and the second spark arrester；One end of safety line is connected with gas exhaust piping bypass, the other end
Extend to airborne release mouth, safety line is provided with relief valve and the first spark arrester.
It is additionally provided with the 4th stop valve on described carbon dioxide pipeline；
Described nitrogen pipeline be sequentially provided with between nitrogen cylinder group and nitrogen inlet the first stop valve,
One air relief valve and the first check-valves；
Described hydrogen pipeline be sequentially provided with between hydrogen cylinder group and hydrogen inlet the second stop valve,
One ball valve, the second air relief valve and the second check-valves；
Described gas exhaust piping be sequentially provided with between air vent and airborne release mouth the 3rd stop valve, second
Ball valve, counterbalance valve, condenser and the second spark arrester；
Described safety line is sequentially provided with rupture disk, peace between gas exhaust piping bypass and airborne release mouth
Full valve and the first spark arrester.
The first described check-valves is positioned close in the nitrogen pipeline of nitrogen inlet, and the second check-valves sets
Put on the hydrogen pipeline of close hydrogen inlet, in order to avoid high temperature and high pressure gas backflow；Rupture disk, safety
Valve is arranged in the safety line that security isolation is indoor；The air of gas exhaust piping and safety line is discharged
Mouth extends to outdoor and upward to sky, and is furnished with discharging rod and veil.
The high-temperature hydrogen cooling that described condenser will be discharged, is regulated by the second ball valve, counterbalance valve simultaneously
The extraction flow of hydrogen and pressure at expulsion, it is ensured that under the work efficiency of condenser, the temperature of hydrogen is down to
Can the temperature of safety dumping, aerofluxus pressure reduction and flow-control are in safety range.
When carrying out High Temperature High Pressure and facing hydrogen extension test, it uses thermal starting to operate:
Before thermal starting, in sample is placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle and be connected on stretching-machine, confirm High Temperature High Pressure
The sealing of still；Connection hydrogen pipeline and gas exhaust piping, make hydrogen be led to by gas exhaust piping through hydrogen pipeline
Toward air, air that may be present in hydrogen pipeline is discharged；After ventilation certain time, close hydrogen pipe
Road, opens nitrogen pipeline, makes nitrogen cylinder group that whole device is carried out nitrogen purging, the sky in remover
Gas, is nitrogen by the gas displacement in pipeline and high temperature and high pressure kettle；
After logical nitrogen certain time, close nitrogen pipeline and connect carbon dioxide pipeline, gas exhaust piping simultaneously
Also to close, make dioxide bottle group be continually fed into carbon dioxide to security isolation indoor and get rid of
Air；Wait for a period of time, and confirm the malleation of security isolation intraventricular pressure power superatmospheric, it is to avoid heat
High temperature hydrogen and air contact when starting and test；
During thermal starting, by heating furnace, high temperature and high pressure kettle is carried out increasing temperature and pressure, when temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle
When degree reaches 220 DEG C, heating furnace switches into holding mode, closes nitrogen pipeline and connects hydrogen pipeline
Making hydrogen be filled with in high temperature and high pressure kettle from hydrogen cylinder group, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in monitoring high temperature and high pressure kettle, when filling
When hydrogen pressure reaches desired value, blocking hydrogen supply, thermal starting completes.
At the end of High Temperature High Pressure faces hydrogen stretching, it uses hot shutdown operation:
By heating furnace temporary close, to be checked measure after temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle is reduced to 220 DEG C, switching
Heating furnace is to keeping warm mode；Now run condenser, open the 3rd stop valve, regulate opening of the second ball valve
Degree and the outlet pressure of counterbalance valve, make at condensator outlet that temperature is in safety range, and hydrogen slow transits through
Gas exhaust piping is arranged to air through the second spark arrester；When in high temperature and high pressure kettle, pressure reaches after normal pressure, still
Interior gas is discharged first and is terminated；Regulate the first air relief valve, open the first stop valve, in making nitrogen cylinder group
Nitrogen is slowly flowed through high temperature and high pressure kettle by nitrogen pipeline and is discharged by gas exhaust piping, by high temperature and high pressure kettle
Interior residual gas purging row is to air；Hydrogen in high temperature and high pressure kettle maintains at high temperature and high pressure kettle
Discharging under the state of 220 DEG C, heat has been shut down.
Described also including monitoring system, monitoring system includes the first monitoring circuit, the second monitoring circuit and inspection
Survey the thermometer of temperature at condensator outlet；
First monitoring circuit include the first controller and by coupled the second piezometer of data signal line,
Temperature sensor, the 3rd piezometer, the first hydrogen sensor, the first controller also by data signal line with
Stretching-machine, heating furnace are connected；Wherein force value in the second piezometer detection high temperature and high pressure kettle, temperature passes
Temperature value in sensor detection high temperature and high pressure kettle, the 3rd piezometer detection security isolation intraventricular pressure force value, first
Hydrogen sensor detection security isolation indoor concentration value；
Second monitoring circuit include second controller and by coupled the first piezometer of data signal line,
Second hydrogen sensor, the 4th piezometer, second controller also by data signal line be arranged at safety every
It is connected from outdoor ventilation installation；Wherein, the first piezometer detection hydrogen cylinder group outlet pressure, second
The concentration value that hydrogen sensor detection security isolation is outdoor, the 4th piezometer detection nitrogen cylinder group outlet pressure.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following useful technique effect:
Tensile stress testing machine under the High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment that the present invention provides, by arranging security isolation
Room, spark arrester and employing high-temperature hot start and stop experiment process, prevent high-temperature hydrogen leakage and air contact,
And avoid body material normal low-temperature range below 220 DEG C that the probability of serious hydrogen embrittlement occurs, thus reach
Test is accurate, experimental safe, easy to operate, the purpose of equipment service life length.
1) present invention is by using high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) as environmental cabinet, passes through with hydrogen cylinder group (2)
Hydrogen pipeline is flushed with hydrogen formation high-pressure hydro environment in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12)；By heating furnace (11)
Heat up and form the hot environment of high temperature and high pressure kettle (12)；By with drawing that high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) is connected
Stretch machine (26) and carry out tension test.It is achieved thereby that can carry out under high temperature, high-pressure hydro environment is same
The tension test of step.
2) present invention employs the design of completely enclosed safety isolation room, by High Temperature High Pressure containing hydrogen storage equipment with
The external world separates, and is persistently inflated security isolation indoor and passes through air vent by dioxide bottle and constantly arranges
Go out, it is ensured that security isolation indoor isolation air, prevent the hydrogen of seepage and air contact from producing the danger of blast
Danger, and be drained in air along with the gas of constantly flowing in time, thus overcome high temperature and ooze what hydrogen brought
Potential safety hazard.
3) for security isolation outdoor hydrogen that may be present leakage, when finding security isolation outdoor density of hydrogen
When exceeding secure threshold, controller sends safety alarm, automatically turns on scavenger fan and changes laboratory
Gas, and point out operator to cut off device power supply (DPS) and withdraw, further ensure the safety in laboratory.
4) in the present invention, all of manual control valve all operates in security isolation outdoor, it is to avoid behaviour
Making the possibility that personnel directly contact with high temperature seepage hydrogen, the safety of operator is improved.
5) in order to ensure the safety dumping of hydrogen-containing gas, the present invention is provided with at the air vent of hydrogeneous pipeline
Spark arrester, prevent after high-temperature hydrogen seepage with air contact, prevent the possibility that flame is propagated along pipeline,
In the case of having unexpected generation, danger is preferably minimized, it is ensured that experimental safe.
6) high-temperature hot start stop operation flow process of the present invention, hydrogen is the most permissible at the inlet exhaust gas temperature of high temperature and high pressure kettle
Control more than 220 DEG C, it is to avoid high temperature and high pressure kettle is affected by hydrogen embrittlement serious under room temperature, and raising sets
The safety of received shipment row and life-span.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Wherein, 1 for nitrogen cylinder group, 2 for hydrogen cylinder group, 3 be the first piezometer, 4 be the first stop valve,
5 it is the second stop valve, 6 is the first ball valve, 7 is the first air relief valve, 8 is the second air relief valve, 9 is
One check-valves, 10 be the second check-valves, 11 for heating furnace, 12 for high temperature and high pressure kettle, 13 for safety every
From room, 14 be rupture disk, 15 be relief valve, 16 be the 3rd stop valve, 17 be the second ball valve, 18 be
Counterbalance valve, 19 for condenser, 20 be the first spark arrester, 21 for thermometer, 22 be the second spark arrester,
23 be the second piezometer, 24 be temperature sensor 25, for exhaustor, 26 be stretching-machine, 27 be first
Controller, 28 be the 3rd piezometer, 29 be the first hydrogen sensor, 30 be the second hydrogen sensor, 31 be
Second controller, 32 be the 4th piezometer, 33 be the 4th stop valve, 34 for dioxide bottle group,
35 is ventilation installation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, described in be to the present invention
Explanation rather than restriction.
See Fig. 1, the tensile stress testing machine under a kind of High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment, including safety cage, draw
Stretch machine, high temperature and high pressure kettle system and gas supply-discharge system；
Safety cage includes the airtight safety isolation room 13 offering air inlet, air vent, carbon dioxide gas
Bottle group 34 is connected through the air inlet of carbon dioxide pipeline with safety isolation room 13, exhaustor 25 and safety
The air vent of isolation room 13 is connected；
High temperature and high pressure kettle system is arranged in safety isolation room 13, and it includes the height being placed in heating furnace 11
Temperature autoclave 12, high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 offers stretch import, nitrogen inlet, hydrogen gas
Mouth and air vent；The stretch of stretching-machine 26 is stretched in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 by stretch import；
Gas supply-discharge system includes nitrogen inlet duct road, hydrogen gas pipeline, gas exhaust piping and safety line；
Nitrogen cylinder group 1 is connected by nitrogen inlet duct road with nitrogen inlet, and hydrogen gas pipeline is by hydrogen cylinder group
2 are connected with hydrogen inlet；Air vent is connected by gas exhaust piping with airborne release mouth, gas exhaust piping
On be additionally provided with condenser 19 and the second spark arrester 22；One end of safety line is connected with gas exhaust piping bypass
Logical, the other end extends to airborne release mouth, and safety line is provided with relief valve 15 and the first spark arrester
20。
Concrete, in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is placed in heating furnace 11 and fix.The stretch of stretching-machine 26
Stretched in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 by stretch import.The pipeline of security isolation indoor includes the first air relief valve
On the right side of in the of 7 on the right side of high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 air inlet pipeline section, the second air relief valve 8 to high temperature and high pressure kettle air inlet
Pipeline section and high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 aerofluxus on the left of pipeline section, high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 air vent to the 3rd stop valve 16
Mouthful to pipeline section on the right side of relief valve 15.
Further, described carbon dioxide pipeline is additionally provided with the 4th stop valve 33；
Described nitrogen pipeline be sequentially provided with between nitrogen cylinder group 1 and nitrogen inlet the first stop valve 4,
First air relief valve 7 and the first check-valves 9；
Described hydrogen pipeline be sequentially provided with between hydrogen cylinder group 2 and hydrogen inlet the second stop valve 5,
First ball valve the 6, second air relief valve 8 and the second check-valves 10；
Described gas exhaust piping be sequentially provided with between air vent and airborne release mouth the 3rd stop valve 16,
Two ball valves 17, counterbalance valve 18, condenser 19 and the second spark arrester 22；
Described safety line gas exhaust piping bypass with airborne release mouth between be sequentially provided with rupture disk 14,
Relief valve 15 and the first spark arrester 20.
Concrete, the first described check-valves 9 is positioned close in the nitrogen pipeline of nitrogen inlet, the
Two check-valves 10 are positioned close on the hydrogen pipeline of hydrogen inlet, in order to avoid high temperature and high pressure gas backflow；
Rupture disk 14, relief valve 15 are arranged in the safety line in safety isolation room 13；Gas exhaust piping
And the atmospheric vent of safety line extends to outdoor and upward to sky, and it be furnished with discharging rod and veil.
The high-temperature hydrogen cooling that described condenser 19 will be discharged, simultaneously by the second ball valve 17, back pressure
Valve 18 regulates extraction flow and the pressure at expulsion of hydrogen, it is ensured that under the work efficiency of condenser 19, hydrogen
The temperature of gas be down to can the temperature of safety dumping, aerofluxus pressure reduction and flow-control are in safety range.
Further, described device carry out material mechanical performance test time, the hydrogen in high temperature and high pressure kettle
Pressure≤15MPa, temperature≤450 DEG C.
Preferably, described high temperature and high pressure kettle is cylindrical tube thick-walled structure, retains sufficiently peace during design
Overall coefficient, can bear 15MPa pressure.Hydrogen cylinder group selects extraordinary hydrogen cylinder group, designs pressure 30MPa,
The supply requirement of 15MPa hydrogen pressure can be met.
Preferably, the body material of described high temperature and high pressure kettle is 2.25Cr-1Mo, and it is in the industry by extensively
It is applied to the manufacture of hydrogenation reactor, technical maturity, the hydrogen environment military service bar that temperature is 450 DEG C can be met
Part.
Preferably, all related electric equipment are explosion-proof type.
Preferably, safety isolation room uses lucite material, can meet air-tightness requirement, and convenient saturating
Depending on observing.
Preferably, all pipelines, valve material selection 316L, high temperature resistant resistance to hydrogen-type corrosion, it is ensured that device
Safety.
Preferably, first check-valves the 9, second check-valves 10 is placed at high temperature and high pressure kettle air inlet, it is to avoid
During test, high temperature and high pressure gas is back to steam line.
Preferably, gas exhaust piping and safety line outlet are placed on to sky on eaves, and are furnished with discharging rod
With veil.
Tensile stress testing machine under this High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment, faces hydrogen extension test carrying out High Temperature High Pressure
Time, it uses thermal starting to operate:
Before thermal starting, in sample is placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 and be connected on stretching-machine 26, confirm height
The sealing of temperature autoclave 12；Connection hydrogen pipeline and gas exhaust piping, make hydrogen through hydrogen pipeline by row
Air pipe leads to air, is discharged by air that may be present in hydrogen pipeline；After ventilation certain time, close
Close hydrogen pipeline, open nitrogen pipeline, make nitrogen cylinder group 13 that whole device is carried out nitrogen purging, get rid of
Air in device, is nitrogen by the gas displacement in pipeline and high temperature and high pressure kettle；
After logical nitrogen certain time, close nitrogen pipeline and connect carbon dioxide pipeline, simultaneously closing off aerofluxus
Pipeline, makes dioxide bottle group 34 be continually fed into carbon dioxide side by side in safety isolation room 13
Except air；Wait for a period of time, and confirm the malleation of security isolation intraventricular pressure power superatmospheric, it is to avoid
High temperature hydrogen and air contact during thermal starting；
During thermal starting, by heating furnace 11, high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is carried out increasing temperature and pressure, work as High Temperature High Pressure
When in still 12, temperature reaches 220 DEG C, heating furnace 11 switches into holding mode, closes nitrogen pipeline also
Connection hydrogen pipeline makes hydrogen be filled with in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 from hydrogen cylinder group 14, monitors high temperature and high pressure kettle
Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in 12, when being flushed with hydrogen pressure and reaching desired value, blocks hydrogen supply, and thermal starting completes.
At the end of High Temperature High Pressure faces hydrogen stretching, it uses hot shutdown operation:
By heating furnace 11 temporary close, to be checked measure after temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is reduced to 220 DEG C,
Switching heating furnace 11 to keeping warm mode；Now run condenser 19, open the 3rd stop valve 16, regulation
The aperture of the second ball valve 17 and the outlet pressure of counterbalance valve 18, make at condensator outlet temperature at safe model
In enclosing, hydrogen slow transits through gas exhaust piping through the second spark arrester 22 row to air；When high temperature and high pressure kettle 12
Interior pressure reaches after normal pressure, and gas reactor is discharged first and terminated；Regulate the first air relief valve 7, open
First stop valve 4, makes the nitrogen in nitrogen cylinder group 1 slowly flow through high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 by nitrogen pipeline
Discharged by gas exhaust piping again, the residual gas in high temperature and high pressure kettle is purged row to air；High Temperature High Pressure
Hydrogen in still 12 is discharged when high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 maintains 220 DEG C, and heat has been shut down.
Further, the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment, also include monitoring system, prison
Ore-controlling Role includes the first monitoring circuit, the second monitoring circuit and the temperature of detection condenser 19 outlet temperature
Meter 21；
First monitoring circuit includes the first controller 27 and passes through the second pressure that data signal line is coupled
Power meter 23, temperature sensor the 24, the 3rd piezometer the 28, first hydrogen sensor 29, the first controller 27
It is connected with stretching-machine 26, heating furnace 11 also by data signal line；Wherein the second piezometer 23 detects
Force value in high temperature and high pressure kettle, temperature sensor 24 detects temperature value in high temperature and high pressure kettle, the 3rd piezometer
28 detection security isolation intraventricular pressure force value, the first hydrogen sensor 29 detects security isolation indoor concentration value；
Second monitoring circuit includes second controller 31 and passes through the first pressure that data signal line is coupled
Power meter the 3, second hydrogen sensor the 30, the 4th piezometer 32, second controller 31 is also by data signal
Line is connected with the ventilation installation 35 being arranged at outside safety isolation room 13；Wherein, the first piezometer 3 is examined
Surveying hydrogen cylinder group 2 outlet pressure, the second hydrogen sensor 30 detects the concentration value that security isolation is outdoor, the
Four piezometers 32 detect nitrogen cylinder group outlet pressure.
And the present invention also ensure that thermal starting, heat shut down operation:
Thered is provided High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment by High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen system, and sample is fixed on high temperature and high pressure kettle 12
In the stretch of interior stretching-machine 25, thus realize the synchronization material tensile test under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment.
The supply gas pressure of hydrogen, the acquisition of heating furnace 11 heating-up temperature can be changed by adjusting the second air relief valve 8
Different pressure and temperature conditions, thus simulate various temperature, pressure condition with laminated material all kinds of very
The condition of positive activity environment, owing to environment is truly simulated, Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out in environment inter-sync,
Can be to obtain compared to other hydrogen embrittlement test mode data results the most accurately and reliably.
By monitoring system, whole equipment can be carried out the parameters such as pressure, temperature, environment hydrogen concentration to supervise
Control, safeguards equipment and personal security；By the setting of safety isolation room 13, it is passed through noble gas titanium dioxide
Carbon, prevents high temperature from oozing hydrogen and is combined the dangerous hidden danger brought with air, improve safety；
Gas exhaust piping is provided with condenser 19, it is ensured that when heat is shut down, the high-temperature hydrogen of discharge can obtain
To cooling, gas exhaust piping is additionally provided with the second ball valve 17, counterbalance valve 18, the aerofluxus of scalable hydrogen simultaneously
Flow and pressure at expulsion, so that it is guaranteed that under the work efficiency of condenser, the temperature of hydrogen is reduced to permissible
The temperature of safety dumping, the aerofluxus pressure reduction of hydrogen and flow also control in the scope of safety；
Nitrogen inlet at high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is provided with the first check-valves 9 and second with hydrogen inlet
Check-valves 10 prevents high-temperature gas to be back to steam line；High temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is outside equipped with heating furnace 11
When maintaining thermal starting to shut down with heat, the temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is more than 220 DEG C；High temperature and high pressure kettle 12
On be connected to the second piezometer 23, temperature sensor 24, for obtaining the pressure and temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle
Condition, thus determine whether arrive the temperature conditions of thermal starting and whether arrived the pressure strip of thermal starting
Part.
All manually-operated gates are arranged at outside safety isolation room 13, and personnel isolate with high temperature and high pressure kettle, operation
Time safer；Air vent is provided with spark arrester, prevents hydrogen from discharging the fire or the danger of blast produced.
Monitoring system, by being connected on stretching-machine responsible data collection task, can arrange and analyze experimental data.
Concrete, when needing the anti-hydrogen embrittlement performance measuring certain material under hydrogen environment, at the prison of watch-dog
Carry out the preparation flow process before including thermal starting under control, thermal starting flow process, mechanical property test flow process, heat are stopped
Machine flow process, off-test flow process totally 5 flow processs.
First the preparation flow process before thermal starting is carried out, in sample is placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 and be connected to draw
Stretch on machine 26, confirm high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 good seal, open the second stop valve the 5, the 3rd stop valve
16, the second ball valve 17 flux to be opened to maximum, counterbalance valve 18 outlet pressure is adjusted to 0.1MPa, makes hydrogen
Gas leads to air through hydrogen pipeline by gas exhaust piping, is discharged by air that may be present in hydrogen pipeline.
After ventilation certain time, close the second stop valve 5, open the first stop valve 4, make nitrogen cylinder group 13 right
Whole device carries out nitrogen purging, the air in remover, by the gas in pipeline and high temperature and high pressure kettle
It is replaced into nitrogen.
After logical nitrogen certain time, close the first stop valve the 4, the 3rd stop valve 16, ball valve 17, back pressure
Valve 18.Open the 4th stop valve 33, make dioxide bottle group 34 persistently lead in safety isolation room 13
Enter carbon dioxide and get rid of air.Wait for a period of time, and confirm that the 3rd piezometer 28 is shown as slightly
During the malleation of superatmospheric, the air displacement work inside and outside the high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 before thermal starting completes,
Now enter thermal starting flow process.
When carrying out thermal starting flow process, the first controller 27 starts the heating furnace 11 in high temperature and high pressure kettle system
High temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is carried out increasing temperature and pressure, and by the first controller 27 by temperature sensor 24, the
Temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 is monitored by two piezometers 23 with pressure.When temperature reaches 220 DEG C
After, heating furnace 11 switches into holding mode, opens the second stop valve 5, regulates the second air relief valve 8,
Make hydrogen be filled with in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 from hydrogen cylinder group 14, and receive temperature by the first controller 27
The signal of sensor 24 observes the pressure in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12, when being flushed with hydrogen pressure and reaching desired value,
Close the second stop valve 5, block hydrogen supply.First controller 27 controls heating furnace 11 and switches into
Heating mode, treats that the first controller 27 detects temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 by temperature sensor 24
Reaching object of experiment temperature, heating furnace 11 switches into holding mode, and now thermal starting completes, and enters power
Learn performance test flow process.
When carrying out mechanical property test flow process, start stretching-machine 26 and sample is stretched, the first controller
27 carry out data acquisition by the data signal line being connected on stretching-machine 26, and test to be tensioned completes,
Data acquisition terminates, and mechanical property test completes, and enters heat and shuts down flow process.
When carrying out heat shutdown flow process, the first controller 27 sends instruction, makes stretching-machine 26 quit work,
Heating furnace 11 temporary close.Treat that the first controller 27 detects high temperature and high pressure kettle by temperature sensor 24
After temperature is reduced to 220 DEG C in 12, switch heating furnace 11 to keeping warm mode.Now, condenser is run
19, open the 3rd stop valve 16, regulate the aperture of the second ball valve 17 and the outlet pressure of counterbalance valve 18,
Making at condensator outlet that thermometer 21 registration is in safety range, now hydrogen slow transits through gas exhaust piping warp
Second spark arrester 22 row is to air.When in the high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 of the second piezometer 23 display, pressure reaches
After normal pressure, gas reactor is discharged the most substantially, regulates the first air relief valve 7, opens the first stop valve 4,
Make the nitrogen in nitrogen cylinder group 1 slowly flow through high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 by nitrogen pipeline and pass through gas exhaust piping again
Discharging, purged by the residual gas in high temperature and high pressure kettle and arrange after air, a period of time, residual gas is arranged
To the greatest extent, heat is shut down flow process and is completed, and enters off-test flow process.
When carrying out off-test flow process, close first stop valve the 4, the 3rd stop valve the 16, second ball valve 17,
Counterbalance valve 18, cuts out heating furnace 11, makes high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 Slow cooling, treat temperature sensor 24
Temperature in display high temperature and high pressure kettle 12, close to room temperature, closes condenser 19, closes the 4th stop valve 33
Make security isolation indoor stopping filling CO 2, and open safety isolation room and be aerated.After a period of time,
Take out sample, off-test, close all devices, valve, wait the next test period.
In whole process of the test, the first controller 27 monitor the temperature of high temperature and high pressure kettle 12, pressure with
And the pressure in safety isolation room 13 and hydrogen concentration, second controller 31 is monitored outside safety isolation room 13
Hydrogen concentration and nitrogen cylinder group 1, the supply gas pressure of hydrogen cylinder group 2.When the pressure in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12 or
During temperature exceeding standard, the first controller 27 can control heating furnace 11, stretching-machine 25 hard stop, and sends
Alarm and reminding personnel leave laboratory, treat that alarm terminates experimenter and just returns to laboratory；When hydrogen concentration surpasses
Timestamp, the first controller 27 can control heating furnace 11, stretching-machine 25 hard stop, second controller 31
Open ventilation installation 34, quickly substitute room air, prevent hydrogen concentration from reaching to constitute dangerous degree, and
Send alarm and reminding personnel and leave laboratory, treat that alarm terminates experimenter and just returns to laboratory；Work as nitrogen
When bottle group 1 or the supply gas pressure deficiency of hydrogen cylinder group 2, monitoring system sends alarm, reminds experimenter
Change gas cylinder group；When in high temperature and high pressure kettle 12, pressure or temperature increase too fast, rupture disk 14, relief valve
15 will make over-pressure over-temperature gas discharge through safety line rapidly, it is to avoid produce blast.Gas exhaust piping and peace
Full pipeline is all provided with spark arrester in exit, and when preventing hydrogen to be ignited, flame is propagated along pipeline, makes
Cheng Geng great endangers.
Example given above is to realize the present invention preferably example, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment.
Those skilled in the art any nonessential is added according to what the technical characteristic of technical solution of the present invention made
Add, replace, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the tensile stress testing machine under a High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment, it is characterised in that include safety cage,
Stretching-machine, high temperature and high pressure kettle system and gas supply-discharge system；
Safety cage includes the airtight safety isolation room (13) offering air inlet, air vent, carbon dioxide
Gas cylinder group (34) is connected through the air inlet of carbon dioxide pipeline with safety isolation room (13), exhaustor
(25) air vent with safety isolation room (13) is connected；
High temperature and high pressure kettle system is arranged in safety isolation room (13), and it includes being placed in heating furnace (11)
In high temperature and high pressure kettle (12), high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) offers stretch import, nitrogen inlet,
Hydrogen inlet and air vent；The stretch of stretching-machine (26) stretches into High Temperature High Pressure by stretch import
In still (12)；
Gas supply-discharge system includes nitrogen inlet duct road, hydrogen gas pipeline, gas exhaust piping and safety line；
Nitrogen cylinder group (1) is connected by nitrogen inlet duct road with nitrogen inlet, and hydrogen gas pipeline is by hydrogen cylinder
Group (2) is connected with hydrogen inlet；Air vent is connected by gas exhaust piping with airborne release mouth, aerofluxus
Condenser (19) and the second spark arrester (22) it is additionally provided with on pipeline；One end of safety line and gas exhaust piping
Bypass is connected, and the other end extends to airborne release mouth, safety line is provided with relief valve (15) and
First spark arrester (20).
2. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In, described carbon dioxide pipeline is additionally provided with the 4th stop valve (33)；
Described nitrogen pipeline is sequentially provided with the first stop valve between nitrogen cylinder group (1) and nitrogen inlet
(4), the first air relief valve (7) and the first check-valves (9)；
Described hydrogen pipeline is sequentially provided with the second stop valve between hydrogen cylinder group (2) and hydrogen inlet
(5), the first ball valve (6), the second air relief valve (8) and the second check-valves (10)；
Described gas exhaust piping be sequentially provided with between air vent and airborne release mouth the 3rd stop valve (16),
Second ball valve (17), counterbalance valve (18), condenser (19) and the second spark arrester (22)；
Described safety line gas exhaust piping bypass with airborne release mouth between be sequentially provided with rupture disk (14),
Relief valve (15) and the first spark arrester (20).
3. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 2, its feature exists
In, described the first check-valves (9) is positioned close in the nitrogen pipeline of nitrogen inlet, the second non-return
Valve (10) is positioned close on the hydrogen pipeline of hydrogen inlet, in order to avoid high temperature and high pressure gas backflow；Quick-fried
Fragmentation (14), relief valve (15) are arranged in the safety line in safety isolation room (13)；Row
The atmospheric vent of air pipe and safety line extends to outdoor and upward to sky, and is furnished with discharging rod and screening
Cover thing.
4. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 2, its feature exists
In the high-temperature hydrogen cooling that, described condenser (19) will be discharged, simultaneously by the second ball valve (17),
The extraction flow of counterbalance valve (18) regulation hydrogen and pressure at expulsion, it is ensured that in the work of condenser (19)
Under efficiency, the temperature of hydrogen be down to can the temperature of safety dumping, aerofluxus pressure reduction and flow-control are at safe model
In enclosing.
5. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In, when carrying out High Temperature High Pressure and facing hydrogen extension test, it uses thermal starting to operate:
Before thermal starting, sample it is placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) and is connected on stretching-machine (26),
Confirm the sealing of high temperature and high pressure kettle (12)；Connection hydrogen pipeline and gas exhaust piping, make hydrogen through hydrogen
Pipeline leads to air by gas exhaust piping, is discharged by air that may be present in hydrogen pipeline；Ventilation is certain
After time, close hydrogen pipeline, open nitrogen pipeline, make nitrogen cylinder group (13) that whole device is carried out
Nitrogen purges, and the air in remover, is nitrogen by the gas displacement in pipeline and high temperature and high pressure kettle；
After logical nitrogen certain time, close nitrogen pipeline and connect carbon dioxide pipeline, simultaneously closing off aerofluxus
Pipeline, makes dioxide bottle group (34) be continually fed into carbon dioxide gas in safety isolation room (13)
Body also gets rid of air；Wait for a period of time, and confirm the malleation of security isolation intraventricular pressure power superatmospheric,
High temperature hydrogen and air contact when avoiding thermal starting and test；
During thermal starting, by heating furnace (11), high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) is carried out increasing temperature and pressure, work as height
When temperature autoclave (12) interior temperature reaches 220 DEG C, heating furnace (11) switches into holding mode, closes
Close nitrogen pipeline and connect hydrogen pipeline and make hydrogen be filled with high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) from hydrogen cylinder group (14)
In, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in monitoring high temperature and high pressure kettle (12), when being flushed with hydrogen pressure and reaching desired value, blocks
Hydrogen is supplied, and thermal starting completes.
6. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In, at the end of High Temperature High Pressure faces hydrogen stretching, it uses hot shutdown operation:
By heating furnace (11) temporary close, high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) the interior temperature that measures to be checked is reduced to 220 DEG C
After, switching heating furnace (11) is to keeping warm mode；Now run condenser (19), open the 3rd stop valve
(16), regulate the aperture of the second ball valve (17) and the outlet pressure of counterbalance valve (18), make condenser go out
At Kou, temperature is in safety range, and hydrogen slow transits through gas exhaust piping and arranges to greatly through the second spark arrester (22)
Gas；When in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12), pressure reaches after normal pressure, and gas reactor is discharged first and terminated；
Regulate the first air relief valve (7), open the first stop valve (4), make the nitrogen in nitrogen cylinder group (1) slowly
Flow through high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) by nitrogen pipeline to be discharged by gas exhaust piping again, by high temperature and high pressure kettle
Residual gas purging row to air；Hydrogen in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) is in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12)
Discharging under the state maintaining 220 DEG C, heat has been shut down.
7. the tensile stress testing machine under the High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as described in claim 1,5 or 6,
It is characterized in that, also include that monitoring system, monitoring system include the first monitoring circuit, the second monitoring circuit
And the thermometer (21) of detection condenser (19) outlet temperature；
First monitoring circuit include the first controller (27) and by data signal line coupled second
Piezometer (23), temperature sensor (24), the 3rd piezometer (28), the first hydrogen sensor (29),
First controller (27) is connected with stretching-machine (26), heating furnace (11) also by data signal line；
Wherein force value in the second piezometer (23) detection high temperature and high pressure kettle, temperature sensor (24) detection height
Temperature value in temperature autoclave, the 3rd piezometer (28) detection security isolation intraventricular pressure force value, the first hydrogen passes
Sensor (29) detection security isolation indoor concentration value；
Second monitoring circuit include second controller (31) and by data signal line coupled first
Piezometer (3), the second hydrogen sensor (30), the 4th piezometer (32), second controller (31) is also
It is connected with being arranged at safety isolation room (13) ventilation installation (35) outward by data signal line；Its
In, the first piezometer (3) detection hydrogen cylinder group (2) outlet pressure, the second hydrogen sensor (30) is examined
Survey the concentration value that security isolation is outdoor, the 4th piezometer (32) detection nitrogen cylinder group outlet pressure.
8. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 7, its feature exists
In, when thermal starting, heat are shut down, the first controller (27) carry out temperature, the detection of pressure is gone forward side by side
The control of row heating furnace (11):
When thermal starting, the first controller (27) start heating furnace (11) to high temperature and high pressure kettle (12)
Carry out increasing temperature and pressure, and by the first controller (27) by temperature sensor (24), the second piezometer (23)
Temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) is monitored with pressure；When the first controller (27) monitors
After temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) reaches 220 DEG C, the first controller (27) regulation heating furnace (11)
Switch into holding mode；Second stop valve (5) is opened, and regulates the second air relief valve (8), make hydrogen from
Hydrogen cylinder group (14) is filled with in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12), and the first controller (27) receives temperature sensing
Pressure in the signal detection high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) of device (24), when being flushed with hydrogen pressure and reaching desired value,
Close the second stop valve (5), block hydrogen supply；First controller (27) controls heating furnace (11)
Switch into heating mode, treat that the first controller (27) detects high temperature by temperature sensor (24)
Autoclave (12) interior temperature reaches object of experiment temperature, controls heating furnace (11) and switches into insulation mould
Formula；
When heat is shut down, the first controller (27) sends instruction, makes stretching-machine (26) quit work,
And control heating furnace (11) temporary close；Treat that the first controller (27) is by temperature sensor (24)
After detecting that high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) interior temperature is reduced to 220 DEG C, switching heating furnace (11) is to insulation
State.
9. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 7, its feature exists
In, in thermal starting, hot stopping process, high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) monitored by the first controller (27)
Temperature, pressure and safety isolation room (13) in pressure and hydrogen concentration；When high temperature and high pressure kettle (12)
When interior pressure or temperature exceeding standard, the first controller (27) can control heating furnace (11), stretching-machine (25)
Hard stop, and send alarm；
Second controller (31) monitoring safety isolation room (13) outer hydrogen concentration and nitrogen cylinder group (1),
The supply gas pressure of hydrogen cylinder group (2)；When safety isolation room (13) outer hydrogen concentration exceeds standard, first controls
Device (27) can control heating furnace (11), stretching-machine (25) hard stop, and second controller (31) is beaten
Open wind devices (35), quickly substitute air and send alarm；When nitrogen cylinder group (1) or hydrogen cylinder group
(2) during supply gas pressure deficiency, second controller (31) sends alarm, reminds ventilation bottle group；Work as height
Temperature autoclave (12) interior pressure or temperature increase too fast, and rupture disk (14), relief valve (15) will make to surpass
Pressure overtemperature gas is discharged through safety line rapidly, it is to avoid produce blast.
10. the tensile stress testing machine under High Temperature High Pressure hydrogen environment as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, when detecting, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure≤15MPa in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12), temperature≤450 DEG C,
15MPa pressure can be born and meet the hydrogen environment service condition of 450 DEG C；
Temperature in high temperature and high pressure kettle (12) when described heating furnace (11) maintains thermal starting to shut down with heat
More than 220 DEG C；
Described safety isolation room (13) uses transparent with machine glass material, and meets air-tightness requirement.
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| CN201610566188.5A CN106018119A (en) | 2016-07-18 | 2016-07-18 | Stretching stress testing machine used in high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610566188.5A CN106018119A (en) | 2016-07-18 | 2016-07-18 | Stretching stress testing machine used in high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment |
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| CN107091779A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-08-25 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of safety valve spring performance testing device and operating method |
| CN107725501A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-23 | 广州恒科技有限公司 | A kind of metal, rod-shaped gas type stretching-machine |
| CN107727505A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-23 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of plane strain extension (PSE) method |
| CN107966368A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | The test method and device of pipe line steel fracture toughness in hydrogeneous natural gas from coal environment |
| CN110082201A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-08-02 | 浙江大学 | Material delayed fracture test method under high pressure hydrogen loading natural gas environment |
| CN110095359A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-08-06 | 浙江大学 | Material fatigue damage test method under high pressure hydrogen loading natural gas environment |
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| CN112730791A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 江苏容大材料腐蚀检验有限公司 | Hydrogenation ware stainless steel build-up welding layer hydrogen peeling test system |
| CN113405912A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | Intrinsically safe high-purity high-pressure hydrogen environment material compatibility testing system and method |
| CN113405912B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-16 | 华南理工大学 | Intrinsically safe high-purity high-pressure hydrogen environment material compatibility testing system and method |
| CN113466427A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental system for testing hydrogen brittleness resistance and service life of material in high-pressure hydrogen environment |
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