CN106017920B - A kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system and its analogy method - Google Patents

A kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system and its analogy method Download PDF

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CN106017920B
CN106017920B CN201610470415.4A CN201610470415A CN106017920B CN 106017920 B CN106017920 B CN 106017920B CN 201610470415 A CN201610470415 A CN 201610470415A CN 106017920 B CN106017920 B CN 106017920B
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wind
main shaft
load
simulation
oil cylinder
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CN106017920A (en
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沈意平
王送来
韩清凯
李学军
宾光富
郭帅平
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/025Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/027Test-benches with force-applying means, e.g. loading of drive shafts along several directions

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system and its analogy method, wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system includes wind-power analogue unit, main shaft, simulation blade, multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit and generator resistance simulation unit;One end of the wind-power analogue unit and main shaft connects, and the other end of main shaft is connect with generator resistance unit;The simulation blade is fixedly mounted on main shaft;The multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit will be for will axially and/or radially load load in main shaft.The configuration of the present invention is simple is installed and easy to maintain, at low cost;The present invention can simulate various radial forces, axial force and torque suffered by the wind turbine transmission chain under different wind loads;And kinetic characteristics of the entire wind turbine transmission chain under various working conditions can be simulated, experimental study can be carried out to Wind turbines, provide strong technical support for the design of Wind turbines.

Description

A kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system and its analogy method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power, simulate system more particularly to a kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic System and its analogy method.
Background technique
Wind-power electricity generation concept has been rooted in the hearts of the people, and ratio of the wind-power electricity generation in all electricity consumptions also increasingly increases, and is sent out in wind-force During motor group institute is faulty, the failure of transmission chain is occupied an leading position, and maintenance cost is also abnormal high, mainly includes that generating set increases Fast gearbox fault, wherein disorderly closedown is derived from the premature failure of high speed grade output shaft bearings at both ends (abbreviation high-speed bearing).It is high The high failure rate of fast bearing shows the true dynamic load of actual motion high speed bearing much higher than design value, live vibration-testing Show that the variable load active force between high speed shaft of gearbox and generator shaft is that high-speed bearing dynamic load is caused to increase with accident analysis The main reason for.According to transmission chain design feature, generating set blade by wind energy be transmitted through Lai axially and radially load and turn Square is the major concern for studying generating set transmission chain kinetic characteristics.And cause the essence of shafting dynamic unbalance former Cause.Meanwhile flexible clutch will generate moderate finite deformation and misalign with load to compensate shafting, this will also motivate Wind turbines The variation of various kinetic characteristics.Therefore, the simulation unique design feature of wind turbine transmission chain and complicated outer load characteristic, are opened The influences of the key characterization parameters to transmission chain shafting dynamics characteristic such as experimental study wind load, main shaft, connection and speed increasing gear are opened up, This has great importance for the research and design of wind turbine transmission chain shafting.
The patent of invention of Publication No. CN104535353A discloses a kind of adjustable wind-powered electricity generation group power of inclined installation angle Learn simulated behavior experimental provision, the device using drive system, simulation wind wheel system, gearbox drive system, generator system, Water pump, the horizontal fixed composition such as workbench and tilt adjustable workbench are loaded, it can be to differing tilt angles and machine The operating status of Wind turbines and kinetic characteristics are simulated under the difference support stiffness of cabin part, but the patent cannot simulate reality Border wind field can not simulate practical wind field to generating set to the axially different power of generating set and the influence of its action direction Different radial forces and its action direction influence.The patent of invention of Publication No. CN105464908A discloses Wind turbines Gear case elastic support structure and elastomer replacing options.The patent includes bottom plate, crossbeam and support post, rack, bottom plate, Support post, movable plate, the composition such as bolt do not need to disconnect the functions such as shaft coupling when realizing gear case elastic support replacement, The patent of invention does not relate to the simulation that generating set transmission chain is done under the influence of multiple degrees of freedom wind load.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, and wind load generating set at low cost passes Dynamic chain mechanics system for simulating feature and its analogy method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, including wind Power analogue unit, main shaft, simulation blade, multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit and generator resistance simulation unit;The wind The output end of power analogue unit and one end of main shaft connect, and the other end of main shaft is connect with generator resistance unit;Described Simulation blade is fixedly mounted on main shaft;The multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit is for adding axial load and radial load It is loaded on main shaft.
In above-mentioned wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, the wind-power analogue unit includes electricity Mechanical, electrical machine mounting base, planetary reducer, planetary reducer mounting base;Motor is mounted on motor mount, planetary reducer peace In planetary reducer mounting base, motor is connect with planetary reducer, one end connection of planetary reducer and main shaft.
In above-mentioned wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, the multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit Including radial oil cylinders retainer plate, oil cylinder effect ring, tapered roller bearing, wind load simulation piece, axial oil cylinder retainer plate, radial oil cylinders And axial oil cylinder;The wind load simulation piece is fixedly mounted on main shaft, and oil cylinder effect ring is mounted on by tapered roller bearing Wind load simulates on piece, and the radial oil cylinders retainer plate (501) is fixedly mounted on the ground, is located at oil cylinder effect ring same flat In face;The inner sidewall of the radial oil cylinders retainer plate is equipped with dovetail groove, and one end of radial oil cylinders is mounted in dovetail groove;Separately One end acts on ring towards oil cylinder;The axial oil cylinder retainer plate is fixedly mounted on the ground, parallel with oil cylinder effect ring, axial The end face of oil cylinder retainer plate towards oil cylinder effect ring is equipped with annular dovetail slot, and it is solid that one end of axial oil cylinder is mounted on axial oil cylinder Surely in the dovetail groove enclosed;The other end acts on ring towards oil cylinder.
In above-mentioned wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, the wind-power analogue unit passes through ten thousand It is connected to one end of shaft coupling and main shaft;The other end of main shaft and the input axis connection of planetary speed increaser;Planetary speed increaser it is defeated Shaft is connect by flexible clutch with generator resistance simulation unit.
In above-mentioned wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, the main shaft passes through spring bearing component Support;Spring bearing component includes bearing, bearing block and bearing block fixed frame;The bearing is mounted in bearing block, bearing Seat is mounted on bearing block fixed frame.
In above-mentioned wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, the generator resistance simulation unit packet Electromagnetic torque device and electromagnetic torque device frame are included, electromagnetic torque device is installed on the ground by electromagnetic torque device frame.
A kind of analogy method using above-mentioned wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, including walk as follows It is rapid:
1) starting wind-power analogue unit simulates the wind speed and driving force that practical field Wind turbines are born, wind-power simulation Unit drives main shaft rotation, and main shaft drives simulation blade rotation, simulates practical Wind in the turning moment of blower fan main shaft;Together When, main shaft drives generator resistance simulation unit to start to work, the suffered moment of resistance of simulation actual generator power generation;
2) control multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit applies axial load to main shaft, adjusts multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit To the size for the axial load that main shaft applies, the axially different power that wind generator set main shaft under different wind speed is born is simulated, then Remove the axial load applied to main shaft;
3) control multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit applies radial load to main shaft, adjusts multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit To the size for the radial load that main shaft applies, the different radial forces that wind generator set main shaft under different wind speed is born are simulated, then Remove the radial load applied to main shaft;
4) revolving speed for adjusting wind-power analogue unit is simulated Wind turbines revolving speed achieved under different wind speed and is born Torque;
5) moment of resistance of regulator generator resistance simulation unit simulates different capacity generating set main shaft under power generation situation The suffered moment of resistance.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is single using wind-power analogue unit, Hooks coupling universal coupling, simulation blade, main shaft, the simulation of multiple degrees of freedom wind load Member, spring bearing component, planetary speed increaser, flexible clutch, the control of generator resistance simulation unit associations, to simulate different wind Load acts on lower generating set transmission chain kinetic characteristics and its operation conditions, provides section to study and designing wind turbine transmission chain Test is learned, also can provide test platform for teaching.The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the configuration of the present invention is simple is installed and easy to maintain, at low cost.
2) present invention can simulate various radial forces, axial force and torsion suffered by the wind turbine transmission chain under different wind loads Square;Different generators can be simulated under operation on the transmission counteractive influence of linkwork;And entire Wind turbines can be simulated Kinetic characteristics of the transmission chain under various working conditions can carry out experimental study to Wind turbines, for setting for Wind turbines Meter provides strong technical support.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system of the invention Structural schematic diagram.
Label as shown in the figure is as follows: 1-wind-power analogue unit, 2-Hooks coupling universal couplings, 3-simulate blades, 4-main shafts, 5-multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue units, 6-spring bearing components, 7-planetary speed increaser components, 8-flexible clutch, 9-hairs Motor resistance simulation unit, 101-motors, 102-motor mounts, 103-planetary reducers, 104-planetary reducers peace Fill seat, 501-radial oil cylinders retainer plates, 502-oil cylinders effect ring, 503-tapered roller bearings, 504-wind loads simulation piece, 505-axial oil cylinder retainer plates, 506-oil path blocks, 507-return filters II, 508-oil pumps II, 509-oil absorption filters II, 510-return filters I, 511-oil pumps I, 512-oil absorption filters I, 513-fuel tanks, 514-solenoid directional control valves I, The axial oil cylinder of 515-pressure-regulating valves I, 516-solenoid directional control valves II, 517-pressure-regulating valve II, 518-, 519-radial directions Oil cylinder, 601-bearing blocks, 602-bearings, 603-bearing block fixed frames, 701-planetary speed increaser framves, 702-planet speedups Machine, 901-electromagnetic torque devices, 902-electromagnetic torque device framves.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Core of the invention is to provide dynamics simulation system of the wind turbine transmission chain shafting under multiple degrees of freedom wind load, By the kinetic characteristics for loading different torques, axial force, radial Force Analysis transmission chain shafting to wind turbine transmission chain.It should System can be used to be used as scientific experimentation, can also make teaching test use.In order to keep those skilled in the art more preferably geographical Technical solution of the present invention is solved, 1, attached drawing 2 and specific implementation method make further specifically the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing It is bright.
As shown in Figure 1, wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system of the invention includes that wind-power simulation is single Member 1, universal coupling 2, simulation blade 3, main shaft 4, multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit 5, spring bearing component 6, planet speedup Thermomechanical components 7, flexible clutch 8 and generator resistance simulation unit 9;The wind-power analogue unit 1 includes motor 101, electricity Machine mounting base 102, planetary reducer 103, planetary reducer mounting base 104, motor 101 are mounted on motor mount 102, row Star speed reducer 103 is mounted in planetary reducer mounting base 104, and motor 101 is connect with planetary reducer 103, planetary reducer 103 are connect by universal coupling 2 with one end of main shaft 4.Spring bearing component 6 includes bearing 602, bearing block 601 and bearing Seat fixed frame 603;The bearing 602 is mounted in bearing block 601, and bearing block 601 is mounted on bearing block fixed frame 603. Spring bearing component 6 is used to support main shaft 4.
Planetary speed increaser component 7 includes planetary speed increaser 702 and planetary speed increaser frame 701, and planetary speed increaser 702 is mounted on On planetary speed increaser frame 701.The generator resistance simulation unit 9 includes electromagnetic torque device 901 and electromagnetic torque device frame 902, electromagnetic torque device 901 is installed on the ground by electromagnetic torque device frame 902.The other end and planetary speed increaser 702 of main shaft 4 Input axis connection;The output shaft of planetary speed increaser 702 passes through the electromagnetism of flexible clutch 8 and generator resistance simulation unit 9 Torquer 901 connects.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit 5 includes radial oil cylinders retainer plate 501, oil cylinder effect Ring 502, tapered roller bearing 503, wind load simulation piece 504, axial oil cylinder retainer plate 505, radial oil cylinders 519 and axial oil cylinder 518.The wind load simulation piece 504 is fixedly mounted on main shaft 4, and oil cylinder effect ring 502 is pacified by tapered roller bearing 503 On wind load simulation piece 504, the radial oil cylinders retainer plate 501 is fixedly mounted on the ground, acts on 502, ring with oil cylinder In in same plane;501 inner sidewall of radial oil cylinders retainer plate is equipped with dovetail groove, and one end of radial oil cylinders 519 is installed In dovetail groove, the other end acts on ring 502 towards oil cylinder.The axial oil cylinder retainer plate 505 is fixedly mounted on the ground, Parallel with oil cylinder effect ring 502, the end face of axial oil cylinder retainer plate 505 towards oil cylinder effect ring 502 is equipped with annular dovetail slot, One end of axial oil cylinder 518 is mounted in the dovetail groove of axial oil cylinder retainer plate 505;The other end acts on ring 502 towards oil cylinder.
As shown in Fig. 2, the radial oil cylinders 519 and axial oil cylinder 518 are respectively equipped with independent control oil circuit.Radial oil The control oil circuit of cylinder 519 includes return filter I 510, oil pump I 511, oil absorption filter I 512, solenoid directional control valve I 514 and pressure Force regulating valve I 515;The arrival end of the oil pump I 511 is connected to by pipeline with fuel tank 513, which filters equipped with oil suction The outlet end of device I 512, the oil pump I 511 is connect by oil inlet pipe with the fuel feed hole of solenoid directional control valve I 514, electromagnetic switch First oil outlet of valve I 514 is connect by pipeline with the rodless cavity of radial oil cylinders 519;The rod chamber of radial oil cylinders 519 passes through pipe Road is connect with the second oil outlet of solenoid directional control valve I 514;The oil return hole of the solenoid directional control valve I 514 passes through oil return pipe and oil Case 513 connects;Pressure-regulating valve I 515 is equipped between oil return pipe and oil inlet pipe;Oil return pipe is equipped with return filter I 510.
The control oil circuit of axial oil cylinder 518 includes return filter II 507, oil pump II 508, oil absorption filter II 509, electricity Magnetic reversal valve II 516 and pressure-regulating valve II 517;The arrival end of the oil pump II 508 is connected to by pipeline with fuel tank 513, The pipeline is equipped with oil absorption filter II 509, and the outlet end of the oil pump II 508 passes through oil inlet pipe and solenoid directional control valve II First oil outlet of 516 fuel feed hole connection, solenoid directional control valve II 516 is connect by pipeline with the rod chamber of axial oil cylinder 518; The rodless cavity of axial oil cylinder 518 is connect by pipeline with the second oil outlet of solenoid directional control valve II 516;The solenoid directional control valve II 516 oil return hole is connect by oil return pipe with fuel tank 513;Pressure-regulating valve II 517 is equipped between oil return pipe and oil inlet pipe;It returns Oil pipe is equipped with return filter II 507.
Wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic analogy method of the invention, includes the following steps:
1) motor 101 for starting wind-power analogue unit 1, reduces revolving speed through planetary reducer 103, simulates practical field The wind speed and driving force, main shaft 4 that Wind turbines are born rotate, band through universal coupling 2 under the driving of planetary reducer 103 Dynamic model is intended blade 3 and is rotated, and simulates practical Wind in the turning moment of blower fan main shaft.Spring bearing component 6 is crossed in the another side of main shaft 4 Planetary speed increaser 702 is driven to work, under the action of flexible clutch 8, electromagnetic torque device 901 is started to work, and simulates practical hair The moment of resistance suffered by electric power generation.
2) oil pump II 508, II 517 electromagnet DT6 of pressure-regulating valve, II 516 electromagnet DT3 of solenoid directional control valve, liquid are opened Pressure pressure oil is changed by fuel tank 513 through oil absorption filter II 509, oil pump II 508, oil path block 506, pressure-regulating valve II 517, electromagnetism Axial oil cylinder 518 is reached to valve II 516, power output acts on oil cylinder effect ring 502, loads axial load to main shaft 4.Adjust pressure The pressure of force regulating valve II 517, can be changed the power output of axial direction oil cylinder 518, thus change the axial force of the receiving of main shaft 4, simulation The axially different power that wind generator set main shaft is born under different wind speed.It is then turned on oil pump II 508, II 517 electricity of pressure-regulating valve Magnet DT6, II 516 electromagnet DT4 of solenoid directional control valve, hydraulic pressure oil enter axial 518 other side of oil cylinder, remove main shaft 4 and hold By axial load.
3) the electromagnet DT1 of oil pump I 511, the electromagnet DT5 of pressure-regulating valve I 515, solenoid directional control valve I 514, liquid are opened Pressure pressure oil is by fuel tank 513 through oil absorption filter I 512, oil pump I 511, oil path block 506, pressure-regulating valve I 515, electromagnetic switch Valve I 514 reaches radial oil cylinders 519, and 519 power output of radial oil cylinders acts on oil cylinder effect ring 502, loads radial load to main shaft 4 Lotus.The pressure of pressure-regulating valve I 515 is adjusted, the power output of radial oil cylinders 519 can be changed, to change the radial direction of the receiving of main shaft 4 Power, to simulate the different radial forces that wind generator set main shaft under different wind speed is born.It is then turned on oil pump I 511, pressure-regulating valve I 515 electromagnet DT5, I 514 electromagnet DT2 of solenoid directional control valve, hydraulic pressure oil enter 519 other side of radial oil cylinders, remove master Axis 4 bears radial load.
4) revolving speed for adjusting the motor 101 of wind-power analogue unit 1, simulates achieved turn of Wind turbines under different wind speed Speed and the torque born.
5) moment of resistance of electromagnetic torque device 901 is adjusted, simulation different capacity generating set is under power generation situation suffered by main shaft The moment of resistance.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system, including wind-power analogue unit (1), simulation blade (3), main shaft (4), multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit (5), generator resistance simulation unit (9);It is characterized by: wind-power mould The output end of quasi-simple member (1) is connected with one end of main shaft (4), and the other end and generator resistance simulation unit (9) of main shaft (4) are even It connects;The simulation blade (3) is fixedly mounted on main shaft (4);The multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit (5) is used for axis To load and radial load load on main shaft (4);
The multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit (5) includes radial oil cylinders retainer plate (501), oil cylinder effect ring (502), circular cone Roller bearing (503), wind load simulation piece (504), axial oil cylinder retainer plate (505), radial oil cylinders (519) and axial oil cylinder (518);Wind load simulation piece (504) is fixedly mounted on main shaft (4), and oil cylinder acts on ring (502) and passes through taper roller axis (503) are held to be mounted in wind load simulation piece (504), the radial oil cylinders retainer plate (501) be fixedly mounted on the ground, with Oil cylinder effect ring (502) is in the same plane;The inner sidewall of the radial oil cylinders retainer plate (501) is equipped with dovetail groove, One end of radial oil cylinders (519) is mounted in dovetail groove, and the other end acts on ring (502) towards oil cylinder;The axial oil cylinder is solid Fixed circle (505) is fixedly mounted on the ground, parallel with oil cylinder effect ring (502), and axial oil cylinder retainer plate (505) is towards oil cylinder The end face for acting on ring (502) is equipped with annular dovetail slot, and one end of axial oil cylinder (518) is mounted on axial oil cylinder retainer plate (505) in dovetail groove;The other end acts on ring (502) towards oil cylinder.
2. wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Wind-power analogue unit (1) includes motor (101), motor mount (102), planetary reducer (103), planetary reducer installation Seat (104), motor (101) are mounted on motor mount (102), and planetary reducer (103) is mounted on planetary reducer installation On seat (104), motor (101) is connect with planetary reducer (103), and planetary reducer (103) is connect with one end of main shaft (4).
3. wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Wind-power analogue unit (1) is connect by universal coupling (2) with one end of main shaft (4);The other end and planet of main shaft (4) increase The input axis connection of fast machine (702);The output shaft of planetary speed increaser (702) passes through flexible clutch (8) and generator resistance mould Quasi-simple member (9) connection.
4. wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Main shaft (4) is supported by spring bearing component (6);Spring bearing component (6) includes bearing (602), bearing block (601) and bearing Seat fixed frame (603);The bearing (602) is mounted in bearing block (601), and bearing block (601) is mounted on bearing block and fixes On frame (603).
5. wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Generator resistance simulation unit (9) includes electromagnetic torque device (901) and electromagnetic torque device frame (902), and electromagnetic torque device (901) is logical Cross electromagnetic torque device frame (902) installation on the ground.
6. a kind of simulated using wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic described in any claim in claim 1-5 is The analogy method of system, includes the following steps:
1) wind speed and driving force that practical field Wind turbines are born are simulated in starting wind-power analogue unit (1), are driven main shaft (4) Rotation, main shaft (4) drive simulation blade (3) rotation, simulate practical Wind in the turning moment of blower fan main shaft;Meanwhile it is main Axis (4) drives generator resistance simulation unit (9) to start to work, the suffered moment of resistance of simulation actual generator power generation;
2) control multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit (5) applies axial load to main shaft (4), and it is single to adjust the simulation of multiple degrees of freedom wind load The size for the axial load that first (5) apply to main shaft (4), simulate wind generator set main shaft under different wind speed born it is axially different Then power removes the axial load applied to main shaft (4);
3) control multiple degrees of freedom wind load analogue unit (5) applies radial load to main shaft (4), and it is single to adjust the simulation of multiple degrees of freedom wind load It is radial to simulate the difference that wind generator set main shaft under different wind speed is born for the size for the radial load that first (5) apply to main shaft (4) Then power removes the radial load applied to main shaft (4);
4) revolving speed for adjusting wind-power analogue unit (1) is simulated Wind turbines revolving speed achieved under different wind speed and is born Torque;
5) moment of resistance of regulator generator resistance simulation unit (9) simulates different capacity generating set main shaft under power generation situation The suffered moment of resistance.
CN201610470415.4A 2016-06-24 2016-06-24 A kind of wind load generating set transmission chain mechanical characteristic simulation system and its analogy method Active CN106017920B (en)

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